EP2230033A1 - Method and device for the manufacture of pig iron made from aluminium alloys - Google Patents

Method and device for the manufacture of pig iron made from aluminium alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2230033A1
EP2230033A1 EP09405050A EP09405050A EP2230033A1 EP 2230033 A1 EP2230033 A1 EP 2230033A1 EP 09405050 A EP09405050 A EP 09405050A EP 09405050 A EP09405050 A EP 09405050A EP 2230033 A1 EP2230033 A1 EP 2230033A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
aluminum
molds
ingots
solidifying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP09405050A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rüdiger Franke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH and Co KG
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Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP09405050A priority Critical patent/EP2230033A1/en
Publication of EP2230033A1 publication Critical patent/EP2230033A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the continuous production of billets of aluminum or an aluminum alloy by casting the metal in molds of a continuously moving in one direction stripper with open-top dies and solidification of the metal in the molds.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method is also a device suitable for carrying out the method.
  • Ingots made of aluminum and aluminum alloys are mainly supplied to aluminum foundries.
  • a standard delivery size for pigs is between 5 and 25 kg pig weight.
  • Ingots are usually cast by machine.
  • the simplest device consists of semicircular mass molds with swiveling trough.
  • Mass casting machines are built either in the manner of a conveyor belt with continuous ingot molds or as turntable machines (casting carousel). The casting takes place here continuously, for example via a casting wheel, directly from the furnace into the molds of a stripper strip.
  • ingots show cracks and voids near the surface due to the shrinkage of the metal during solidification.
  • the emergence of a fixed crust or surface of the solidifying metal prevents the flow of the metal disappearing beneath the crust.
  • the uneven solidification also creates residual stresses in the surface of the ingots, which lead to transverse cracks in a surface layer. Therefore, the pigs can not be cooled with water, as the water penetrating through the cracks evaporates during the subsequent melting of the paste and can lead to explosive deflagrations and metal spraying. An economic production of pigs by increasing the cooling rate of the pigs is therefore not possible.
  • the invention has the object of developing a method of the type mentioned in such a way that masses of conventional Masselbändem while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art can be produced economically.
  • the surface of the solidifying metal is compressed by means of a punch in order to prevent the formation of slugs and / or cracks on the mass surface, and the subsequently solidified ingots are subsequently cooled with water.
  • the stamps are pressed into the surface of the solidifying metal, so that a dent arises. This results in a dense, lunker- and crack-free ingot surface.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention for the continuous production of masses of aluminum or an aluminum alloy has a stripper strip with molds open at the top and a device with stamps which can be lowered into the molds is arranged above the stripper strip.
  • the device comprises a circumferential chain with stamps arranged on this.
  • the stamps consist for example of a sized iron material, graphite, a refractory material or a combination of the materials mentioned.
  • the molten metal 14 in the molds 12 increasingly solidifies in the cooling direction x, wherein the metal is still liquid / solid for a certain time in a two-phase region.
  • the solidification proceeds in the mold 12 from bottom to top, forming a crust on the free surface of the molten metal 14, which leads to Lunkem and cracks on the solidified metal surface.
  • a Masselstempelstrom 16 arranged on a rotating chain 18 stamps 20.
  • the circulating chain 18 with the punches 20 moves at the same speed as the stripper belt 10 with the molds 12.
  • a punch 20 is lowered into a mold 20 located below the mold 12 and exerts pressure until reaching the end of the pressure line P on the surface of the solidifying in the mold 12 metal 14.
  • the punches 20 remain in the arrangement shown during the entire length of the pressure path P in contact with the surface of the metal 12 located in the molds.
  • the solidified in the molds 12 to pigs 22 metal 14 has a dense, crack and void-free surface. In a subsequent cooling with water an entry of water into a near-surface edge zone is effectively prevented in this way.
  • the surface of the punch 20 is round in the example shown, but may also be wedge-shaped or of another shape.
  • materials for the stamp are, for example, sized ferrous material, graphite, refractory materials or a combination of the materials mentioned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The process for continuous production of ingots (22) made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, comprises casting the metal (14) in a mold (12) of an ingot strip continuously moving in a direction (x) with top-opened mold, and solidifying the metal in the mold. The surface of the solidified metal is compressed on the ingot surface using a stamp (20) for preventing the formation of voids and/or cracks. The partially solidified metal is subsequently cooled with water. An independent claim is included for a device for continuous production of ingots made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Masseln aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung durch Giessen des Metalls in Kokillen eines sich kontinuierlich in einer Richtung bewegenden Masselbandes mit oben offenen Kokillen und Erstarren lassen des Metalls in den Kokillen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt auch eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of billets of aluminum or an aluminum alloy by casting the metal in molds of a continuously moving in one direction stripper with open-top dies and solidification of the metal in the molds. Within the scope of the invention is also a device suitable for carrying out the method.

Masseln aus Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen werden überwiegend für Aluminiumgiessereien geliefert. Eine für Masseln gebräuchliche Liefergrösse liegt zwischen 5 und 25 kg Masselgewicht. Masseln werden üblicherweise maschinell gegossen. Die einfachste Einrichtung besteht aus im Halbkreis angeordneten Masselformen mit schwenkbarer Giessrinne. Masselgiessmaschinen werden entweder nach Art eines Förderbandes mit umlaufenden Masselformen oder als Drehtischmaschinen (Giesskarussell) gebaut. Der Guss erfolgt hierbei kontinuierlich, beispielsweise über ein Giessrad, unmittelbar aus dem Schmelzofen in die Kokillen eines Masselbandes.Ingots made of aluminum and aluminum alloys are mainly supplied to aluminum foundries. A standard delivery size for pigs is between 5 and 25 kg pig weight. Ingots are usually cast by machine. The simplest device consists of semicircular mass molds with swiveling trough. Mass casting machines are built either in the manner of a conveyor belt with continuous ingot molds or as turntable machines (casting carousel). The casting takes place here continuously, for example via a casting wheel, directly from the furnace into the molds of a stripper strip.

Mittels herkömmliche Masselbänder hergestellte Masseln zeigen infolge der Schrumpfung des Metalls bei der Erstarrung Risse und Lunker in Oberflächennähe. Das Entstehen einer feststehenden Kruste an oder Oberfläche des erstarrenden Metalls verhindert das Nachfliessen des unter der Kruste schwindenden Metalls. Durch die ungleichmässige Erstarrung entstehen auch Eigenspannungen in der Oberfläche der Masseln, die zu Querrissen in einer Oberflächenschicht führen. Die Masseln können daher nicht mit Wasser gekühlt werden, da durch die Risse eindringendes Wasser beim späteren Einschmelzen der Massein verdampft und zu explosionsartigen Verpuffungen und Metallspritzem führen kann. Eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung von Masseln durch Erhöhung der Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit der Masseln ist daher nicht möglich.By means of conventional mass-produced tapes, ingots show cracks and voids near the surface due to the shrinkage of the metal during solidification. The emergence of a fixed crust or surface of the solidifying metal prevents the flow of the metal disappearing beneath the crust. The uneven solidification also creates residual stresses in the surface of the ingots, which lead to transverse cracks in a surface layer. Therefore, the pigs can not be cooled with water, as the water penetrating through the cracks evaporates during the subsequent melting of the paste and can lead to explosive deflagrations and metal spraying. An economic production of pigs by increasing the cooling rate of the pigs is therefore not possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzubilden, dass Masseln aus herkömmlichen Masselbändem unter Vermeidung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik wirtschaftlich hergestellt werden können.The invention has the object of developing a method of the type mentioned in such a way that masses of conventional Masselbändem while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art can be produced economically.

Zur erfindungsgemässen Lösung der Aufgabe führt, dass die Oberfläche des erstarrenden Metalls zur Verhinderung einer Bildung von Lunkem und/oder Rissen an der Masseloberfläche mittels eines Stempels komprimiert wird und die zumindest teilweise erstarrten Masseln nachfolgend mit Wasser gekühlt werden.To achieve the object according to the invention, the surface of the solidifying metal is compressed by means of a punch in order to prevent the formation of slugs and / or cracks on the mass surface, and the subsequently solidified ingots are subsequently cooled with water.

Die Stempel werden in die Oberfläche des erstarrenden Metalls eingedrückt, so dass eine Delle entsteht. Dadurch ergibt sich eine dichte, lunker- und rissfreie Masseloberfläche.The stamps are pressed into the surface of the solidifying metal, so that a dent arises. This results in a dense, lunker- and crack-free ingot surface.

Eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Massen aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung weist ein Masselband mit oben offenen Kokillen auf, und über dem Masselband ist eine Einrichtung mit in die Kokillen absenkbaren Stempeln angeordnet. Bevorzugt umfasst die Einrichtung eine umlaufende Kette mit an dieser angeordneten Stempeln.A device suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention for the continuous production of masses of aluminum or an aluminum alloy has a stripper strip with molds open at the top and a device with stamps which can be lowered into the molds is arranged above the stripper strip. Preferably, the device comprises a circumferential chain with stamps arranged on this.

Die Stempel bestehen beispielsweise aus einem geschlichteten Eisenwerkstoff, aus Graphit, aus einem Feuerfestmaterial oder aus einer Kombination der genannten Werkstoffe.The stamps consist for example of a sized iron material, graphite, a refractory material or a combination of the materials mentioned.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung, die lediglich zur Erläuterung dient und nicht einschränkend auszulegen ist. Die Zeichnung zeigt schematisch in

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch ein Masselband mit automatischer Masselstempelanlage.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing, which is merely illustrative and not restrictive interpreted. The drawing shows schematically in
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a stripper with automatic Masselstempelanlage.

Ein in Fig. 1 gezeigtes Masselband 10 mit oben offenen, mit schmelzflüssigem Metall 14 gefüllten Kokillen 12 bewegt sich entlang einer Druckstrecke P in Abkühlrichtung x. Das schmelzflüssige Metall 14 in den Kokillen 12 erstarrt zunehmend in Abkühlrichtung x, wobei sich das Metall noch während einer gewissen Zeit in einem Zweiphasengebiet flüssig/fest befindet. Die Erstarrung verläuft in der Kokille 12 von unten nach oben, wobei sich an der freien Oberfläche des schmelzflüssigen Metalls 14 eine Kruste bildet, die zu Lunkem und Rissen an der erstarrten Metalloberfläche führt.An in Fig. 1 shown stripper belt 10 with open top, filled with molten metal mold 14 12 moves along a pressure line P in the cooling direction x. The molten metal 14 in the molds 12 increasingly solidifies in the cooling direction x, wherein the metal is still liquid / solid for a certain time in a two-phase region. The solidification proceeds in the mold 12 from bottom to top, forming a crust on the free surface of the molten metal 14, which leads to Lunkem and cracks on the solidified metal surface.

Über der Abkühlstrecke befindet sich oberhalb des Masselbandes 10 eine Masselstempelanlage 16 mit an einer umlaufenden Kette 18 angeordneten Stempeln 20. Die umlaufende Kette 18 mit den Stempeln 20 bewegt sich mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit wie das Masselband 10 mit den Kokillen 12. Am Anfang einer Stempel- oder Druckstrecke P wird jeweils ein Stempel 20 in eine sich unter dem Stempel 20 befindende Kokille 12 abgesenkt und übt bis zum Erreichen des Endes der Druckstrecke P Druck auf die Oberfläche des in der Kokille 12 erstarrenden Metalls 14 aus. Die Stempel 20 verbleiben bei der gezeigten Anordnung während der gesamten Länge der Druckstrecke P in Kontakt mit der Oberfläche des sich in den Kokillen 12 befindenden Metalls. Beim Austritt der Stempel 20 aus den Kokillen 12 am Ende der Druckstrecke P weist das in den Kokillen 12 zu Masseln 22 erstarrte Metall 14 eine dichte, riss- und lunkerfreie Oberfläche auf. Bei einer nachfolgenden Abkühlung mit Wasser wird auf diese Weise ein Eintritt von Wasser in eine oberflächennahe Randzone wirksam verhindert.About the cooling line is located above the stripper 10 a Masselstempelanlage 16 arranged on a rotating chain 18 stamps 20. The circulating chain 18 with the punches 20 moves at the same speed as the stripper belt 10 with the molds 12. At the beginning of a stamp or Pressure line P is in each case a punch 20 is lowered into a mold 20 located below the mold 12 and exerts pressure until reaching the end of the pressure line P on the surface of the solidifying in the mold 12 metal 14. The punches 20 remain in the arrangement shown during the entire length of the pressure path P in contact with the surface of the metal 12 located in the molds. Upon exit of the punches 20 from the molds 12 at the end of the pressure path P, the solidified in the molds 12 to pigs 22 metal 14 has a dense, crack and void-free surface. In a subsequent cooling with water an entry of water into a near-surface edge zone is effectively prevented in this way.

Die Oberfläche des Stempels 20 ist im gezeigten Beispiel rund, kann jedoch auch keilförmig oder von anderer Form sein.The surface of the punch 20 is round in the example shown, but may also be wedge-shaped or of another shape.

Mit der Ausübung von Druck auf die erstarrende Metalloberfläche wird gleichzeitig Wärme aus dem erstarrenden Metall 14 abgeführt. Als Materialien für den Stempel eignen sich beispielsweise geschlichteter Eisenwerkstoff, Grafit, Feuerfestmaterialien oder eine Kombination aus den genannten Werkstoffen.With the exercise of pressure on the solidifying metal surface becomes simultaneous Heat dissipated from the solidifying metal 14. As materials for the stamp are, for example, sized ferrous material, graphite, refractory materials or a combination of the materials mentioned.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Masseln (22) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung durch Giessen des Metalls (14) in Kokillen (12) eines sich kontinuierlich in einer Richtung (x) bewegenden Masselbandes (10) mit oben offenen Kokillen (12) und Erstarren lassen des Metalls (14) in den Kokillen (12),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Oberfläche des erstarrenden Metalls (10) zur Verhinderung einer Bildung von Lunkem und/oder Rissen an der Masseloberfläche mittels eines Stempels (20) komprimiert wird und die zumindest teilweise erstarrten Masseln (22) nachfolgend mit Wasser gekühlt werden.A method of continuously producing ingots (22) of aluminum or an aluminum alloy by casting the metal (14) into dies (12) of a continuous strip (10) moving in one direction (x) with open-top dies (12) and solidifying the metal (14) in the dies (12),
characterized in that
the surface of the solidifying metal (10) is compressed by means of a punch (20) to prevent the formation of lunkes and / or cracks on the mass surface, and the at least partially solidified ingots (22) are subsequently cooled with water. Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Masseln (22) aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, mit einem Masselband (10) mit oben offenen Kokillen (12),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
über dem Masselband (10) eine Einrichtung (16) mit in die Kokillen (12) absenkbaren Stempeln (20) angeordnet ist.Apparatus for continuously producing billets (22) of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, with a stripper (10) with molds (12) open at the top,
characterized in that
a device (16) with punches (20) which can be lowered into the molds (12) is arranged above the stripper belt (10). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung (16) eine umlaufende Kette (18) mit an dieser angeordneten Stempeln (20) ist.Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the device (16) is a circulating chain (18) arranged on this stamps (20). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stempel (20) aus einem geschlichteten Eisenwerkstoff, aus Graphit, aus einem Feuerfestmaterial oder aus einer Kombination der genannten Werkstoffe bestehen.Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the punches (20) consist of a sized iron material, of graphite, of a refractory material or of a combination of said materials.
EP09405050A 2009-03-16 2009-03-16 Method and device for the manufacture of pig iron made from aluminium alloys Withdrawn EP2230033A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP09405050A EP2230033A1 (en) 2009-03-16 2009-03-16 Method and device for the manufacture of pig iron made from aluminium alloys

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EP09405050A EP2230033A1 (en) 2009-03-16 2009-03-16 Method and device for the manufacture of pig iron made from aluminium alloys

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102009139A (en) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-13 兰州理工大学 Ingot receiving mechanism used for aluminum ingot continuous casting production line

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4287936A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-09-08 Ljublinsky Efim Y Ingot casting apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4287936A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-09-08 Ljublinsky Efim Y Ingot casting apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102009139A (en) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-13 兰州理工大学 Ingot receiving mechanism used for aluminum ingot continuous casting production line

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