EP2225467B1 - Swirl-generating apparatus and turbocharger with such a swirl-generating apparatus - Google Patents
Swirl-generating apparatus and turbocharger with such a swirl-generating apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2225467B1 EP2225467B1 EP08868301.6A EP08868301A EP2225467B1 EP 2225467 B1 EP2225467 B1 EP 2225467B1 EP 08868301 A EP08868301 A EP 08868301A EP 2225467 B1 EP2225467 B1 EP 2225467B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- generating apparatus
- swirl
- swirl generating
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0246—Surge control by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
- F05D2250/51—Inlet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a swirl generating apparatus for generating a pre-swirl and a turbocharger with such a swirl generating apparatus, wherein by means of the swirl generating apparatus in a compressor of the turbocharger, a pre-whirl can be generated, which is adapted to shift the surge limit to lower mass flows.
- the compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is characterized by a characteristic map in which the pressure is specified as a function of the turbocharger speed and the mass flow, wherein for a corresponding turbocharger speed and a corresponding mass flow, a predetermined pressure can be generated according to the characteristic map.
- This characteristic field is limited by the so-called stuffing limit for large mass flows.
- the map is limited by the surge limit. This so-called surge limit occurs due to a stall at the compressor wheel inlet or at the compressor wheel outlet or both.
- the pumping limit in the compressor map can be shifted towards smaller mass flows by means of a pre-whirl and the compressor can be used over a broader map range.
- the pre-twist can be realized with the help of Vorleitapparaten in radial or axial construction.
- KSM map-stabilizing measures
- pre-axial devices in axial or radial construction are known.
- the first The process is characterized by a complex compressor housing geometry with extensive machining and is only suitable for larger compressors.
- the use of a predilution device results in a negative pressure, which thus requires a greater pressure ratio of the compressor in order to achieve the same engine operating point.
- Conventional Vordrall Sharpen characterized by a comparatively complex structure with many moving components.
- the gap flow between the blades of the Vordrall can be cited as a disadvantage. A false flow of the vanes at different vane positions can not be avoided.
- the swirl generating device has a cylindrical tubular section-shaped body, with inner vanes or wings and is inserted into a charge air line.
- the swirl generating device is made in one piece by injection molding of a thermoplastic material with a hardness of about 45 Shore D, so that the wings have a required flexibility. Air flowing to the compressor through the charge air passage flows axially through the swirl generation nozzle.
- the swirl generation in the swirl-generating guide apparatus is determined on the one hand by the configuration of the vanes and, on the other hand, by the impinged wing surface decreasing with increasing mass flow corresponding to the projection in the flow direction.
- the wings cover with increasing mass flow, due to their elastic deformation, a decreasing part of the flowed surface.
- the swirl generator has the disadvantage that no compact design can be achieved by the axial flow through the apparatus. Furthermore, the vanes can not be selectively adjusted, but deform themselves due to a mass flow passing through the apparatus. However, it can happen that the vanes are not targeted, but deform themselves due to a flowing through the apparatus mass flow. However, it may happen that the guide vanes are not optimally flowed and this can lead to pressure losses.
- turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, said turbocharger comprising a vane section upstream of a compressor.
- This vane section has guide vanes, each having a shaft about the axis of the respective vane is rotatable.
- a turbocharger which has an annular blade, in the form of a truncated cone.
- the annular blade is arranged in an inlet channel of a compressor of the turbocharger.
- a charge air compressor has a vane ring with guide vanes, wherein the guide vanes are arranged parallel to a rotational axis of a radial compressor and are aligned with their surface with respect to the radius at an angle.
- the swirl generating apparatus has the advantage that a pre-whirl can be generated by the movable vanes, which is suitable, for example, when the swirl generator is arranged in front of a compressor of a turbocharger, to shift the surge limit of the compressor by means of generating a suitable pre-swirl towards lower mass flows , Furthermore, allows the lateral inflow of the gaseous medium over the circumference in the housing and the subsequent deflection of the flow so that they in axial Direction out of the housing flows from a more compact design compared to the previously described axially flow-through swirl generating device according to the prior art.
- the swirl generating apparatus of the present invention requires a smaller angle of attack with the vanes and enables the generation of a larger pre-swirl, the pressure loss being less than that of the prior art swirl generating apparatus described above, since the vanes can be appropriately adjusted by an actuator.
- the first and second housing elements form a spiral around the guide vanes with at least one feed for a gaseous medium, such as air.
- a gaseous medium such as air.
- the gaseous medium having a radial velocity component can be supplied to the guide vanes.
- the embodiment has the advantage that the housing can be particularly easily integrated into a turbocharger.
- the respective guide vanes have a kind of teardrop shape, wherein the guide vanes are arranged with their first broader end (leading edge) directed outwards and with their second narrower end (exit edge) directed into the housing interior, for example substantially radially.
- the guide vanes may have any shape which is suitable for being aligned by adjustment or rotation in such a way that a desired pre-whirl can be generated.
- the vanes instead of a teardrop shape, in which the guide vanes are provided with a wide leading edge and a narrowly tapering trailing edge, the vanes can also have the same cross section throughout, ie the leading edge and the trailing edge have the same continuous Width up. However, this is just one example of many how a vane can be formed.
- the guide vanes can have any cross-sectional characteristics, depending on which flow is to be achieved.
- the leading edge of the respective vane is fixed to the first and second housing element and the trailing edge of the respective vane is movably secured to the first and / or second housing element.
- the trailing edge of the vane is for this purpose connected to the adjusting device in order to move the guide vane, so that a predetermined pre-whirl can be generated.
- the housing with the vanes for example, be integrally formed, wherein the housing is formed at least in the region in which the trailing edge of the vanes is attached thereto, elastically, to track the movement of the vanes, if they are adjusted by the adjustment.
- At least the vane and a part of the housing on which the vane is movably mounted made of an elastic material.
- the elasticity or flexibility of the material is selected, for example, such that the guide vane can be rotated and the area of the housing makes this movement of the guide vane.
- the portion of the first and second housing members to which the leading edge of each vane is attached is made of an elastic material, such as an elastomeric material, of metal or a metal alloy and / or of a solid or elastic or flexible plastic.
- FIG. 1 Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a swirl generating apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the swirl-generating apparatus 10 in this case has a housing 12.
- the housing 12 consists of a first and second housing element 14, 16, wherein between the two housing elements 14, 16, a plurality of guide vanes 18 are arranged.
- the guide vanes 18 are arranged in the region of the circumference of the two housing elements 14, 16.
- the housing 12 is in this case formed in the region of the guide vanes 18 so that a gaseous medium, such as air, can flow laterally over the circumference in the housing or flow with a radial velocity component in the guide vane channels 13 and along the guide vanes into the interior of the Housing 12 can flow.
- the housing 12 has, for example, a substantially circumferential spiral 48, which in the Fig. 1 and 2 is indicated by a dashed line, and has at least one supply for the gaseous medium.
- the first housing element 14 is provided at its center with a guide element 20 in the form of, for example, a conical element.
- the conical element 20 may be formed on the first housing member 14 or fastened as a separate part.
- the guide element 20 or cone-shaped element serves to divert or redirect the gaseous medium which flows around the guide vanes, which are for example substantially radially arranged, into an axial flow. The axially redirected flow then flows in the axial direction through an outflow channel 22 of the second housing element 16.
- the outflow channel 22 in the form of a cylindrical tube section and the guide element 20 are preferably located on a longitudinal axis 24.
- the swirl-generating apparatus 10 can be arranged, for example, in a turbocharger in front of a compressor.
- the gaseous medium flows with a suitable Vordrall from the discharge channel 22 to the compressor or its compressor wheel to move the surge limit of the compressor to lower mass flows out.
- the swirl generating apparatus 10 is in this case arranged, for example, in an area in front of the compressor of the turbocharger in a correspondingly shaped housing section.
- the swirl generator 10 has the advantage that the substantially radial arrangement of the vanes and the deflection of the flow from a radial to an axial direction, the swirl generator 10 and, accordingly, the housing 12 can be made smaller and more compact in the turbocharger than when an axial swirl generating device is provided, as is the case in the previously described prior art.
- the guide vanes 18 are designed to be flexible and / or flexible.
- the guide vanes 18 are, for example, at least partially or completely made of an elastic or flexible material, such as an elastomer material.
- the elastomer material is chosen, for example, that it is heat or heat resistant, depending on the environment in which it is used and the prevailing temperatures.
- a pre-whirl can be set during operation of the compressor near the pumping limit and the pumping limit is shifted to low mass flows.
- no or only a very small pre-whirl is generated.
- the adjustability is achieved by the use of the guide vanes 18, for example made of an elastomer material.
- the guide vanes 18 are fixed to the housing 12 at their leading edge 26, for example. At Leitschaufelaustritt or at the exit edge 28, they can be rotated or rotated by means of an adjusting device 30 in the circumferential direction.
- a pre-whirl can be generated at the inlet to the compressor.
- an elastic and / or flexible material for example an elastomer or rubber material, or another suitable elastic and / or flexible material or material combination, it is achieved that the blade geometry at its leading edge is almost independent of the pre-twist to be adjusted. Misflow of the vanes 18 and associated flow losses are minimized. Likewise, the elastic deformation of the guide vanes 18 in the different vane positions ensures a good flow-mechanical vane profile without abrupt changes in the direction of flow. Excessive pressure loss across the stator is avoided.
- the guide vanes 18 can be integrated into the housing 12, which is also at least partially or completely made of an elastic material, such as an elastomer material.
- the adjustment of the blades 18 then takes place via a rotation of the housing wall of the corresponding first and / or second housing element 14, 16. This ensures that between the housing wall and the guide vanes 18 substantially no gap is formed, which significantly reduces the flow losses.
- the use of a plastic allows a simple and cost-effective production of the guide vanes 18 or of the swirl-generating apparatus 10.
- the guide vanes 18 or the swirl-producing apparatus 10 can be realized essentially as one component, for example. In contrast to the use of metallic materials, no large number of individual movable components is necessary.
- Fig. 2 a side view of the swirl-generating apparatus 10 according to the invention is shown.
- the housing 12 with the two housing elements 14, 16 is shown.
- the first housing element 14 in this case has a conical guide element 20, the tip of which may protrude, for example, into the region of the outflow channel 22 of the second housing element 16.
- the conical guide element but may also be sufficient, for example, to the end of the outflow channel or beyond.
- the representation in Fig. 2 is purely exemplary.
- the gaseous medium first flows into the guide vane channels 13 at the circumference 32 of the housing 12 with a radial velocity component and flows through the vane channels 13 until the gaseous medium is deflected by the guide element 20 in an axial direction. Subsequently, the gaseous medium flows out of the outflow channel 22 of the second housing element 16 in the axial direction.
- FIG. 3a an example of a shape of a vane 18 is shown.
- the vane 18 is formed, for example, in a kind of teardrop shape, ie the vane 18 has a wide leading edge 26, which tapers towards the outlet 28.
- the leading edge 26 is fixed or fixed in the region 34 of the housing 12 on the first and second housing element 14, 16.
- the outlet edge 28 is in turn movably fastened in the direction of the outlet region 36 of the housing 12.
- the outlet edge 28 is in this case connected to the adjusting device 30 in order to be suitably rotated or rotated by means of the adjusting device 30 in the circumferential direction.
- the guide vane 18 is rotated or rotated via the adjusting device 30. More specifically, the vane 18 is rotated in the region of the housing contour 38, while not in the region of the hub contour side 40 or, for example, only slightly rotated. Basically, however, the hub contour side 40 as the housing contour side 38 can be designed according to either movable. As a result, both ends of the exit edge 28 can be rotated or rotated substantially equally.
- Fig. 4 the embodiment of the swirl-generating apparatus 10 according to the invention is shown in a sectional view, wherein the swirl generating apparatus 10 is arranged in front of a compressor 42 of a turbocharger 44 or is secured in a region of the compressor housing 46 in front of it.
- the attachment of the swirl-generating apparatus 10 is in Fig. 4 purely exemplary and greatly simplified.
- the swirl generating apparatus 10 is preferably suitably sealingly attached to the compressor housing 46 of the turbocharger 44 so that it can not unintentionally dissolve on the one hand and on the other hand, no leaks between the swirl generator 10 and the compressor housing 46 occur.
- the housing 12 or the first and second housing element 14, 16 of the swirl-generating apparatus 10 have the previously mentioned spiral 48 in the area outside the guide vanes 18. This is provided with at least one inlet or a feed 50 for a gaseous medium, such as air.
- the swirl-generating apparatus 10 is arranged, for example, in front of the compressor 42 or its compressor wheel 52.
- the first housing member 14 with the guide element 20 may be made of an elastic and / or flexible, such as an elastomeric material or other suitable material, or a solid material, such as a solid heat or heat-resistant plastic, made of metal or a metal alloy or a combination of at least two or three of the aforementioned materials.
- the second housing element 16 is formed at least in the region 54 of attachment of the trailing edge 28 of the respective vane 18 of an elastic material, such as an elastomer material. In principle, the second housing element 16 can also consist essentially completely of the elastic material.
- the region 56 of the fastening of the leading edge 26 of the respective guide blade 18, the outflow channel 22 and / or the region of the spiral 48 with the feed 50 for the gaseous medium can also consist of an elastic material and / or of a solid heat or heat-resistant Plastic and / or metal or a metal alloy.
- the adjusting device 30 has for adjusting the guide vanes 18, for example, an adjusting ring 58 which is connected to the second end or the exit edge 28 of the respective vane 18, for example via a pin member 60.
- the pin member 60 is in this case for example only with the second housing element 16th but not connected to the first housing element 14. Shall both ends of the trailing edge 18, ie the end of the trailing edge 18 on the first and second housing members 14, 16 are rotated, the pin member 60 is preferably connected to the first and second housing members 14, 16, the two housing members 14, 16 protruding at least in the region of the trailing edge 18 an elastic material to understand the rotation of the vane 18. By twisting both ends of the trailing edge 18, the two ends can for example be rotated substantially equally.
- the pin member 60 may have any cross section, for example, a circular, oval and / or square cross section.
- the cross section can be the same throughout or vary.
- the pin element can be additionally reinforced in order, for example, to obtain a desired twist profile.
- this can be reinforced, for example, additionally by at least one or more reinforcing ribs.
- reinforcing ribs are merely an example of how the respective pin member 60 can be reinforced. The invention is not limited to this example.
- the vanes 18 can be rotated accordingly to produce a suitable Vordrall to a shifting of the surge line of the compressor 42 to smaller To allow mass flow.
- the trailing edge 28 of the vane 18 is rotated on the housing contour side 38, ie on the side of the second housing element 16, while the trailing edge 28 of the vane 18 on the hub contour side 40 or the side of the first housing element 14 is not or only slightly is twisted.
- FIG. 5 an enlarged section ZZ of a vane 18 and the adjusting device 30 is shown.
- the region 56 of the second housing element 16 is shown, in which the leading edge 26 of the guide vane 18 is attached.
- the guide vane 18 is fixedly connected to the second housing element 16.
- a portion 54 of the second housing member 16 is shown, which consists of an elastic material and on which the trailing edge 28 of the vane 18 is movably fastened.
- the second housing element 16 is designed to be elastic in this area so that the housing 12 can adapt to the movement of the guide blade 18 in this area or can join it.
- the adjusting ring 58 is provided on the outside of the housing 12, wherein the adjusting ring 58 consists for example of metal or a metal alloy.
- the adjusting ring 58 is connected, for example via the pin member 60 with the trailing edge 28 of the vane 18.
- the adjusting ring 58 is rotated via at least one actuator (not shown) to rotate the trailing edge 28 of the vanes 18 right or left by a predetermined amount to thereby produce a suitable pre-whirl.
- Fig. 6 is further a highly simplified sectional view AA of the swirl-generating apparatus 10 according to Fig. 4 shown.
- the guide element 20 was not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the first housing element 14 is shown with the vanes 18 and further the spiral 48, which is arranged around the guide vanes 18 and the feed 50 for supplying the gaseous medium.
- the shape of the vanes 18, as shown in the figures, is merely exemplary.
- the present invention is not limited to the adjusting device 30 described above with an adjusting ring 58, which is connected to a pin element 60, for example. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that there are a variety of ways to make the trailing edge 28 of the vanes 18 reciprocatable across a device.
- the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the housing 12, as described with respect to the embodiment previously shown. In fact, the housing 12 may be formed in a variety of ways to allow a radial velocity component of the flowing medium to enter the vane channels and subsequent axial deflection of the flow.
- connection of the compressor housing 46 of the turbocharger 44 with the swirl generator 10 can also be done in various ways, as long as the swirl generator 10 can not unintentionally detach from the housing 44 and no leaks between the swirl generator 10 and the housing 44 occur.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Drallerzeugungsapparat zum Erzeugen eines Vordralls und einen Turbolader mit einem solchen Drallerzeugungsapparat, wobei mittels des Drallerzeugungsapparats bei einem Verdichter des Turboladers ein Vordrall erzeugt werden kann, der geeignet ist, die Pumpgrenze zu geringeren Massenströmen zu verschieben.The invention relates to a swirl generating apparatus for generating a pre-swirl and a turbocharger with such a swirl generating apparatus, wherein by means of the swirl generating apparatus in a compressor of the turbocharger, a pre-whirl can be generated, which is adapted to shift the surge limit to lower mass flows.
Der Verdichter eines Abgasturboladers kennzeichnet sich durch ein Kennfeld, in welchem der Druck in Abhängigkeit von der Turboladerdrehzahl und dem Massenstrom angegeben ist, wobei für eine entsprechende Turboladerdrehzahl und einen entsprechenden Massenstrom, sich ein vorbestimmter Druck gemäß dem Kennfeld erzeugen lässt. Dieses Kennfeld wird bei großen Massenströmen durch die sog. Stopfgrenze limitiert. Bei kleinen Massenströmen wird das Kennfeld durch die Pumpgrenze limitiert. Diese sog. Pumpgrenze tritt aufgrund eines Strömungsabrisses am Verdichterradeintritt bzw. am Verdichterradaustritt oder bei beiden auf.The compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger is characterized by a characteristic map in which the pressure is specified as a function of the turbocharger speed and the mass flow, wherein for a corresponding turbocharger speed and a corresponding mass flow, a predetermined pressure can be generated according to the characteristic map. This characteristic field is limited by the so-called stuffing limit for large mass flows. At low mass flows, the map is limited by the surge limit. This so-called surge limit occurs due to a stall at the compressor wheel inlet or at the compressor wheel outlet or both.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist bekannt, dass sich mittels eines Vordralls die Pumpgrenze im Verdichterkennfeld zu kleineren Massenströmen hin verschieben lässt und der Verdichter über einen breiteren Kennfeldbereich einsetzbar ist. Der Vordrall lässt sich dabei mit Hilfe von Vorleitapparaten in radialer oder axialer Bauweise realisieren.It is known from the prior art that the pumping limit in the compressor map can be shifted towards smaller mass flows by means of a pre-whirl and the compressor can be used over a broader map range. The pre-twist can be realized with the help of Vorleitapparaten in radial or axial construction.
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist des Weiteren bekannt zur Erweiterung des Kennfeldes sog. kennfeldstabilisierende Maßnahmen (KSM) einzusetzen, die durch eine Entlüftung auf der Gehäuseseite des Verdichterrads eine partielle Umlenkung des Massenstroms ermöglichen und so einen Strömungsabriss am Verdichterradeintritt verhindern. Andererseits sind Vordralleinrichtungen in axialer oder radialer Bauweise bekannt. Das erste Verfahren zeichnet sich durch eine komplexe Verdichtergehäusegeometrie mit umfangreicher Bearbeitung aus und ist nur für größere Verdichter geeignet. Beim Einsatz einer Vordralleinrichtung resultiert ein Unterdruck, der somit ein größeres Druckverhältnis des Verdichters erfordert, um den gleichen Motorbetriebspunkt zu erreichen. Herkömmliche Vordralleinrichtungen zeichnen sich durch einen vergleichsweise komplexen Aufbau mit vielen beweglichen Bauteilen aus. Ebenso kann die Spaltströmung zwischen den Schaufeln der Vordralleinrichtung und der Gehäusewand als Nachteil angeführt werden. Eine Fehlanströmung der Leitschaufeln bei unterschiedlichen Leitschaufelstellungen kann nicht vermieden werden.From the state of the art it is further known to use so-called map-stabilizing measures (KSM) to expand the characteristic map, which allow a partial deflection of the mass flow by venting on the housing side of the compressor wheel and thus prevent a stall at the compressor wheel inlet. On the other hand, pre-axial devices in axial or radial construction are known. The first The process is characterized by a complex compressor housing geometry with extensive machining and is only suitable for larger compressors. The use of a predilution device results in a negative pressure, which thus requires a greater pressure ratio of the compressor in order to achieve the same engine operating point. Conventional Vordralleinrichtungen characterized by a comparatively complex structure with many moving components. Likewise, the gap flow between the blades of the Vordralleinrichtung and the housing wall can be cited as a disadvantage. A false flow of the vanes at different vane positions can not be avoided.
Des Weiteren ist aus der
Der Drallerzeugungsleitapparat hat den Nachteil, dass durch die axiale Durchströmung des Apparats keine kompakte Bauweise erzielt werden kann. Des Weiteren können die Leitschaufeln nicht gezielt eingestellt werden, sondern verformen sich selbst aufgrund eines durch den Apparat strömenden Massenstroms. Dabei kann es jedoch passieren, dass die Leitschaufeln nicht gezielt eingestellt werden, sondern verformen sich selbst aufgrund eines durch den Apparat strömenden Massenstroms. Dabei kann es jedoch passieren, dass die Leitschaufeln nicht optimal angeströmt werden und es dadurch zu Druckverlusten kommen kann.The swirl generator has the disadvantage that no compact design can be achieved by the axial flow through the apparatus. Furthermore, the vanes can not be selectively adjusted, but deform themselves due to a mass flow passing through the apparatus. However, it can happen that the vanes are not targeted, but deform themselves due to a flowing through the apparatus mass flow. However, it may happen that the guide vanes are not optimally flowed and this can lead to pressure losses.
Weiter ist aus der
Aus der
In der der
Demnach ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen verbesserten Drallerzeugungsapparat und einen Turbolader mit einem solchen verbesserten Drallerzeugungsapparat bereitzustellen, wobei über den Drallerzeugungsapparat ein Vordrall erzeugt werden kann und wobei der Drallerzeugungsapparat außerdem eine kompaktere Bauweise ermöglicht.Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide an improved swirl generating apparatus and a turbocharger with such an improved swirl generating apparatus, wherein a pre-swirl can be generated via the swirl generating apparatus and wherein the swirl generating apparatus also allows a more compact design.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Drallerzeugungsapparat mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a swirl generating apparatus having the features of patent claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Drallerzeugungsapparat zur Erzeugung eines Vordralls für einen Turbolader bereitgestellt, wobei der Drallerzeugungsapparat aufweist:
- ein Gehäuse bestehend aus einem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelement, wobei zwischen den Gehäuseelementen entlang des Umfangs Leitschaufeln angeordnet sind, wobei das Gehäuse derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein gasförmiges Medium seitlich entlang des Umfangs in das Gehäuse einströmt, wobei das Gehäuse ein Leitelement aufweist, welches das gasförmige Medium in eine im Wesentlichen axiale Richtung umlenkt, bevor es aus dem Gehäuse abströmt, und eine Verstelleinrichtung zum Verstellen der Leitschaufeln, um einen Vordrall zu erzeugen,
- wobei die jeweiligen Leitschaufeln mit ihrer Eintrittskante nach außen und mit ihrer Austrittskante in das Gehäuseinnere gerichtet angeordnet sind und ein elastisches Material aufweisen,
- wobei die Eintrittskante der jeweiligen Leitschaufel an dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelement fixiert ist und die Austrittskante der jeweiligen Leitschaufel an dem ersten und/oder zweiten Gehäuseelement beweglich befestigt ist.
- a housing comprising a first and a second housing element, wherein guide vanes are arranged between the housing elements along the circumference, wherein the housing is formed such that a gaseous medium flows laterally along the circumference into the housing, wherein the housing has a guide element, which gaseous medium deflects in a substantially axial direction before it flows out of the housing, and an adjusting device for adjusting the guide vanes to produce a pre-whirl,
- wherein the respective guide vanes are arranged with their leading edge directed outwards and with their trailing edge directed into the housing interior and having an elastic material,
- wherein the leading edge of the respective vane is fixed to the first and second housing members, and the trailing edge of the respective vane is movably secured to the first and / or second housing members.
Der Drallerzeugungsapparat hat dabei den Vorteil, dass durch die beweglichen Leitschaufeln ein Vordrall erzeugt werden kann, der geeignet ist, wenn der Drallerzeugungsapparat beispielsweise vor einem Verdichter eines Turboladers angeordnet ist, die Pumpgrenze des Verdichters mittels des Erzeugens eines geeigneten Vordralls hin zu geringeren Massenströmen zu verschieben. Des Weiteren ermöglicht das seitliche Einströmen des gasförmigen Mediums über den Umfang in das Gehäuse und das anschließende Umlenken der Strömung, so dass diese in axialer Richtung aus dem Gehäuse abströmt eine kompaktere Bauweise im Vergleich zu dem zuvor beschriebenen axial durchströmten Drallerzeugungsleitapparat gemäß dem Stand der Technik. Außerdem benötigt der erfindungsgemäße Drallerzeugungsapparat bei den Leitschaufeln einen kleineren Anstellwinkel und ermöglicht die Erzeugung eines größeren Vordralls, wobei der Druckverlust dabei geringer ist als bei dem zuvor beschriebenen Drallerzeugungsleitapparat gemäß dem Stand der Technik, da die Leitschaufeln über eine Verstelleinrichtung geeignet verstellt werden können.The swirl generating apparatus has the advantage that a pre-whirl can be generated by the movable vanes, which is suitable, for example, when the swirl generator is arranged in front of a compressor of a turbocharger, to shift the surge limit of the compressor by means of generating a suitable pre-swirl towards lower mass flows , Furthermore, allows the lateral inflow of the gaseous medium over the circumference in the housing and the subsequent deflection of the flow so that they in axial Direction out of the housing flows from a more compact design compared to the previously described axially flow-through swirl generating device according to the prior art. In addition, the swirl generating apparatus of the present invention requires a smaller angle of attack with the vanes and enables the generation of a larger pre-swirl, the pressure loss being less than that of the prior art swirl generating apparatus described above, since the vanes can be appropriately adjusted by an actuator.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen sowie der Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen.Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description with reference to the drawings.
In einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform bilden das erste und zweite Gehäuseelement eine um die Leitschaufeln umlaufende Spirale mit wenigstens einer Zuführung für ein gasförmiges Medium, wie Luft. Auf diese Weise kann das gasförmige Medium mit einer radialen Geschwindigkeitskomponente den Leitschaufeln zugeführt werden. Die Ausführungsform hat den Vorteil, dass das Gehäuse besonders einfach in einen Turbolader integriert werden kann.In an embodiment according to the invention, the first and second housing elements form a spiral around the guide vanes with at least one feed for a gaseous medium, such as air. In this way, the gaseous medium having a radial velocity component can be supplied to the guide vanes. The embodiment has the advantage that the housing can be particularly easily integrated into a turbocharger.
In einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform weisen die jeweiligen Leitschaufeln eine Art Tropfenform auf, wobei die Leitschaufeln mit ihrem ersten breiteren Ende (Eintrittskante) nach außen und mit ihrem zweiten schmäleren Ende (Austrittskante) in das Gehäuseinnere gerichtet angeordnet sind, beispielsweise im Wesentlichen radial. Grundsätzlich können die Leitschaufeln eine beliebige Form aufweisen, die geeignet ist, durch Verstellen bzw. Verdrehen so ausgerichtet zu werden, dass ein gewünschter Vordrall erzeugt werden kann. Beispielsweise können die Leitschaufeln statt einer Tropfenform, bei welchen die Leitschaufeln mit einer breiten Eintrittskante und einer schmal zulaufenden Austrittskante versehen sind, auch durchgehend den gleichen Querschnitt aufweisen, d.h. die Eintrittskante und Austrittskante weisen die gleiche durchgehende Breite auf. Dies stellt jedoch nur ein Beispiel von vielen dar, wie eine Leitschaufel ausgebildet werden kann. Grundsätzlich können die Leitschaufeln beliebige Querschnittsverläufe aufweisen, je nachdem welche Anströmung erzielt werden soll.In a further embodiment according to the invention, the respective guide vanes have a kind of teardrop shape, wherein the guide vanes are arranged with their first broader end (leading edge) directed outwards and with their second narrower end (exit edge) directed into the housing interior, for example substantially radially. In principle, the guide vanes may have any shape which is suitable for being aligned by adjustment or rotation in such a way that a desired pre-whirl can be generated. For example, instead of a teardrop shape, in which the guide vanes are provided with a wide leading edge and a narrowly tapering trailing edge, the vanes can also have the same cross section throughout, ie the leading edge and the trailing edge have the same continuous Width up. However, this is just one example of many how a vane can be formed. In principle, the guide vanes can have any cross-sectional characteristics, depending on which flow is to be achieved.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Eintrittskante der jeweiligen Leitschaufel an dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelement fixiert und die Austrittskante der jeweiligen Leitschaufel an dem ersten und/oder zweiten Gehäuseelement beweglich befestigt. Die Austrittskante der Leitschaufel ist hierzu mit der Verstelleinrichtung verbunden, um die Leitschaufel zu bewegen, so dass ein vorbestimmter Vordrall erzeugt werden kann. Dabei kann das Gehäuse mit den Leitschaufeln beispielsweise einteilig ausgebildet sein, wobei das Gehäuse zumindest in dem Bereich, in dem die Austrittskante der Leitschaufeln daran befestigt ist, elastisch ausgebildet ist, um die Bewegung der Leitschaufeln nachzuvollziehen, wenn diese über die Verstelleinrichtung verstellt werden.According to the invention, the leading edge of the respective vane is fixed to the first and second housing element and the trailing edge of the respective vane is movably secured to the first and / or second housing element. The trailing edge of the vane is for this purpose connected to the adjusting device in order to move the guide vane, so that a predetermined pre-whirl can be generated. In this case, the housing with the vanes, for example, be integrally formed, wherein the housing is formed at least in the region in which the trailing edge of the vanes is attached thereto, elastically, to track the movement of the vanes, if they are adjusted by the adjustment.
Erfindungsgemäß sind zumindest die Leitschaufel und ein Teil des Gehäuses an dem die Leitschaufel beweglich befestigt ist aus einem elastischen Material. Die Elastizität bzw. Flexibilität des Materials ist dabei beispielsweise derart gewählt, so dass die Leitschaufel verdreht werden kann und der Bereich des Gehäuses diese Bewegung der Leitschaufel mit macht.
In einer anderen erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform ist der Bereich des ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelements, an welchem die Eintrittskante der jeweiligen Leitschaufel befestigt bzw. fixiert ist aus einem elastischen Material, wie beispielsweise einem Elastomerwerkstoff, aus Metall bzw. einer Metalllegierung und/oder aus einem festen oder elastischen bzw. flexiblen Kunststoff.According to the invention, at least the vane and a part of the housing on which the vane is movably mounted made of an elastic material. The elasticity or flexibility of the material is selected, for example, such that the guide vane can be rotated and the area of the housing makes this movement of the guide vane.
In another embodiment of the invention, the portion of the first and second housing members to which the leading edge of each vane is attached is made of an elastic material, such as an elastomeric material, of metal or a metal alloy and / or of a solid or elastic or flexible plastic.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in den schematischen Figuren der Zeichnungen angegebenen Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Perspektivansicht des Drallerzeugungsapparats gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- eine Seitenansicht des Drallerzeugungsapparats gemäß
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3a
- eine Perspektivansicht auf eine Leitschaufel des Drallerzeugungsapparats in unverstelltem Zustand bzw. im Ausgangszustand;
- Fig. 3b, c
- zwei Perspektivansichten der Leitschaufel des Drallerzeugungsapparats, wenn diese über eine Verstelleinrichtung verstellt bzw. verdreht sind;
- Fig. 4
- eine Seitenschnittansicht eines Verdichters und eines Drallerzeugungsapparats gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Fig. 5
- ein Ausschnitt Z-Z des Drallerzeugungsapparats gemäß
Fig. 5 ; und - Fig. 6
- eine Schnittansicht A-A des Drallerzeugungsapparats gemäß
Fig. 4 .
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of the swirl-generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a side view of the swirl-generating apparatus according to
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3a
- a perspective view of a vane of the swirl-generating apparatus in the unlocked state or in the initial state;
- Fig. 3b, c
- two perspective views of the vane of the swirl-generating apparatus when they are adjusted by an adjusting or twisted;
- Fig. 4
- a side sectional view of a compressor and a swirl-generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 5
- a section ZZ of the swirl-generating apparatus according to
Fig. 5 ; and - Fig. 6
- a sectional view AA of the swirl-generating apparatus according to
Fig. 4 ,
In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Komponenten, soweit nichts Gegenteiliges angegeben ist.In the figures, the same reference numerals designate the same or functionally identical components, unless indicated otherwise.
In
Das erste Gehäuseelement 14 ist in seiner Mitte mit einem Leitelement 20 in Form beispielsweise eines kegelförmigen Elements versehen. Das kegelförmige Element 20 kann dabei an dem ersten Gehäuseelement 14 angeformt oder als separates Teil befestig sein. Das Leitelement 20 bzw. kegelförmige Element dient dazu, das gasförmige Medium, das die beispielsweise im Wesentlichen radial angeordneten Leitschaufeln umströmt, in eine axiale Strömung umzuleiten bzw. umzulenken. Die axial umgeleitete Strömung strömt anschließend in axialer Richtung durch einen Abströmkanal 22 des zweiten Gehäuseelements 16. Der Abströmkanal 22 in Form eines zylindrischen Rohrabschnitts und das Leitelement 20 liegen dabei vorzugsweise auf einer Längsachse 24.The
Der erfindungsgemäße Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 kann beispielsweise in einem Turbolader vor einem Verdichter angeordnet sein. In diesem Fall strömt das gasförmige Medium mit einem geeigneten Vordrall aus dem Abströmkanal 22 zu dem Verdichter bzw. dessen Verdichterrad, um die Pumpgrenze des Verdichters zu geringeren Massenströmen hin zu verschieben.The swirl-generating
Der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 ist hierbei beispielsweise in einem Bereich vor dem Verdichter des Turboladers in einem entsprechend geformten Gehäuseabschnitt angeordnet. Der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 hat hierbei den Vorteil, dass durch die im Wesentlichen radiale Anordnung der Leitschaufeln und die Umlenkung der Strömung von einer radialen in eine axiale Richtung, der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 und entsprechend das Gehäuse 12 in dem Turbolader kleiner und kompakter gebaut werden können, als wenn ein axialer Drallerzeugungsleitapparat vorgesehen wird, wie dies im zuvor beschriebenen Stand der Technik der Fall ist.The
Um nun einen geeigneten Vordrall zu erzeugen, um die Pumpgrenze des Verdichters zu kleineren Massenströmen hin zu verschieben, sind die Leitschaufeln 18 beweglich bzw. elastisch und/oder flexibel ausgeführt. Die Leitschaufeln 18 sind dabei beispielsweise zumindest teilweise oder vollständig aus einem elastischen bzw. flexiblen Material, wie beispielsweise einem Elastomerwerkstoff. Der Elastomerwerkstoff ist dabei beispielsweise so gewählt, dass er wärme- oder hitzebeständig ist, je nachdem in welcher Umgebung er eingesetzt ist und den dort herrschenden Temperaturen.In order to generate a suitable pre-whirl, in order to shift the surge limit of the compressor to smaller mass flows, the
Durch eine verstellbare Beschaufelung des Drallerzeugungsapparats 10 wird erreicht, dass im Betrieb des Verdichters nahe der Pumpgrenze ein Vordrall eingestellt werden kann und die Pumpgrenze zu geringen Massenströmen verschoben wird. Im normalen Betrieb des Verdichters wird kein bzw. nur ein sehr geringer Vordrall erzeugt. Die Verstellbarkeit wird durch den Einsatz der Leitschaufeln 18 beispielsweise aus einem Elastomerwerkstoff erreicht. Die Leitschaufeln 18 sind dabei beispielsweise an ihrer Eintrittskante 26 an dem Gehäuse 12 fixiert. Am Leitschaufelaustritt bzw. an der Austrittskante 28 können sie mittels einer Verstelleinrichtung 30 in Umfangsrichtung gedreht bzw. verdreht werden. Abhängig vom Betriebspunkt des Verdichters kann so ein Vordrall am Eintritt in den Verdichter erzeugt werden.By means of an adjustable blading of the swirl-generating
Durch die Verwendung eines elastischen und/oder flexiblen Materials, beispielsweise einem Elastomer oder Gummimaterial, oder einem anderen geeigneten elastischen und/oder flexiblen Material oder Materialkombination wird erreicht, dass die Schaufelgeometrie an deren Eintrittskante nahezu unabhängig von dem einzustellenden Vordrall ist. Eine Fehlanströmung der Leitschaufeln 18 und damit verbundene Strömungsverluste werden minimiert. Ebenso ist durch die elastische Verformung der Leitschaufeln 18 in den unterschiedlichen Leitschaufelstellungen ein gutes strömungsmechanisches Schaufelprofil ohne abrupte Änderungen der Strömungsrichtung gewährleistet. Ein übermäßiger Druckverlust über das Leitrad wird vermieden.By using an elastic and / or flexible material, for example an elastomer or rubber material, or another suitable elastic and / or flexible material or material combination, it is achieved that the blade geometry at its leading edge is almost independent of the pre-twist to be adjusted. Misflow of the
Darüber hinaus können die Leitschaufeln 18 in das Gehäuse 12 integriert werden, das ebenfalls zumindest teilweise oder vollständig aus einem elastischen Werkstoff, wie beispielsweise einem Elastomerwerkstoff, gefertigt ist. Die Verstellung der Schaufeln 18 erfolgt dann über eine Verdrehung der Gehäusewand des entsprechenden ersten und/oder zweiten Gehäuseelements 14, 16. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, dass zwischen der Gehäusewand und den Leitschaufeln 18 im Wesentlichen kein Spalt entsteht, was die Strömungsverluste erheblich reduziert. Die Verwendung eines Kunststoffes erlaubt eine einfache und kostengünstige Herstellung der Leitschaufeln 18 bzw. des Drallerzeugungsapparats 10. Die Leitschaufeln 18 bzw. der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 können hierbei beispielsweise im Wesentlichen als ein Bauteil realisiert werden. Im Gegensatz zur Verwendung von metallischen Werkstoffen ist keine Vielzahl von beweglichen Einzelbauteilen notwendig.In addition, the
In
In
In
Das Gehäuse 12 bzw. das erste und zweite Gehäuseelement 14, 16 des Drallerzeugungsapparats 10 weisen in dem Bereich außen um die Leitschaufeln 18 die zuvor genannte Spirale 48 auf. Diese ist mit wenigstens einem Einlass bzw. einer Zuführung 50 für ein gasförmiges Medium, wie Luft, versehen.The
In eingebautem Zustand ist der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 beispielsweise vor dem Verdichter 42 bzw. dessen Verdichterrad 52 angeordnet. Das erste Gehäuseelement 14 mit dem Leitelement 20 kann dabei aus einem elastischen und/oder flexiblen, wie beispielsweise einem Elastomerwerkstoff oder einem anderen geeigneten Material, oder einem festen Material hergestellt sein, wie beispielsweise einem festen wärme- bzw. hitzebeständigen Kunststoff, aus Metall bzw. einer Metalllegierung oder eine Kombination aus wenigstens zwei oder drei der zuvor genannten Materialien. Das zweite Gehäuseelement 16 ist zumindest im Bereich 54 der Befestigung der Austrittskante 28 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 18 aus einem elastischen Material, wie beispielsweise einem Elastomerwerkstoff, gebildet. Grundsätzlich kann das zweite Gehäuseelement 16 auch im Wesentlichen vollständig aus dem elastischen Material bestehen. Des Weiteren kann der Bereich 56 der Befestigung der Eintrittskante 26 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 18, der Abströmkanal 22 und/oder der Bereich der Spirale 48 mit der Zuführung 50 für das gasförmige Medium, ebenfalls aus einem elastischen Material bestehen und/oder aus einem festen wärme- bzw. hitzebeständigen Kunststoff und/oder aus Metall bzw. einer Metalllegierung.In the installed state, the swirl-generating
Die Verstelleinrichtung 30 weist zum Verstellen der Leitschaufeln 18 beispielsweise einen Verstellring 58 auf, der mit dem zweiten Ende bzw. der Austrittkante 28 der jeweiligen Leitschaufel 18 verbunden ist, beispielsweise über ein Stiftelement 60. Das Stiftelement 60 ist hierbei beispielsweise nur mit dem zweiten Gehäuseelement 16 verbunden nicht aber mit dem ersten Gehäuseelement 14. Sollen beide Enden der Austrittskante 18, d.h. das Ende der Austrittskante 18 an dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelement 14, 16 gedreht werden, so ist das Stiftelement 60 vorzugsweise mit dem ersten und zweiten Gehäuseelement 14, 16 verbunden, wobei die beiden Gehäuseelemente 14, 16 dabei zumindest in dem Bereich der Austrittskante 18 aus einem elastischen Material bestehen, um die Verdrehung der Leitschaufel 18 nachzuvollziehen. Durch das Verdrehen beider Enden der Austrittskante 18 können die beiden Enden beispielsweise im Wesentlichen gleich stark verdreht werden.The adjusting
Das Stiftelement 60 kann einen beliebigen Querschnitt aufweisen, beispielsweise einen kreisförmigen, ovalen und/oder eckigen Querschnitt. Der Querschnitt kann dabei durchgehend gleich sein oder variieren. Das Stiftelement kann wahlweise zusätzlich verstärkt werden, um beispielsweise ein gewünschtes Verdrehprofil zu erhalten. Zum Verstärken des Stiftelements 60 kann dieses beispielsweise zusätzlich über wenigstens eine oder mehrere Verstärkungsrippen verstärkt werden. Solche Verstärkungsrippen stellen jedoch lediglich ein Beispiel dar, wie das jeweilige Stiftelement 60 verstärkt werden kann. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf dieses Beispiel beschränkt.The
Durch Drehen des Verstellrings 58 bzw. des mit ihm verbundenen Stiftelements 60 über einen entsprechenden Aktuator (nicht dargestellt) können die Leitschaufeln 18 entsprechend verdreht werden, um einen geeigneten Vordrall zu erzeugen, um ein Verschieben der Pumpgrenze des Verdichters 42 zu kleineren Massenströmen zu ermöglichen. Mit Bezug auf die
In
Dabei ist der Verstellring 58 außen an dem Gehäuse 12 vorgesehen, wobei der Verstellring 58 beispielsweise aus Metall bzw. einer Metalllegierung besteht. Der Verstellring 58 ist beispielsweise über das Stiftelement 60 mit der Austrittskante 28 der Leitschaufel 18 verbunden. Der Verstellring 58 wird über wenigstens einen Aktuator (nicht dargestellt) gedreht, um die Austrittskante 28 der Leitschaufeln 18 um einen vorbestimmten Betrag nach rechts oder links zu drehen bzw. zu verschieben, um auf diese Weise einen geeigneten Vordrall zu erzeugen.In this case, the adjusting
In
Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung vorstehend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben wurde, ist sie darauf nicht beschränkt, sondern auf vielfältige Art und Weise modifizierbar.Although the present invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not limited thereto, but modifiable in a variety of ways.
So ist die Form der Leitschaufeln 18, wie sie in den Figuren gezeigt ist, lediglich beispielhaft. Des Weiteren ist die vorliegende Erfindung nicht auf die zuvor beschriebene Verstelleinrichtung 30 mit einem Verstellring 58 beschränkt, der beispielsweise mit einem Stiftelement 60 verbunden ist. Es ist für den Durchschnittsfachmann offensichtlich, dass es eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten gibt, die Austrittskante 28 der Leitschaufeln 18 über eine Einrichtung geeignet hin- und her beweglich zu gestalten. Des Weiteren ist die vorliegende Erfindung auch nicht auf die Ausgestaltung des Gehäuses 12 beschränkt, wie es mit Bezug auf die zuvor gezeigte Ausführungsform beschrieben wurde. Tatsächlich kann das Gehäuse 12 auf verschiedenste Arten ausgebildet sein, um eine radiale Geschwindigkeitskomponente des strömenden Mediums an Eintritt in die Leitschaufelkanäle zu ermöglichen und eine anschließende axiale Umlenkung der Strömung. Entsprechendes gilt auch für die Integration des Drallerzeugungsapparats 10 in das Verdichtergehäuse 46 des Turboladers 44. Die Verbindung des Verdichtergehäuses 46 des Turboladers 44 mit dem Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 kann ebenfalls auf verschiedenste Arten erfolgen, solange der Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 sich dabei nicht ungewollt von dem Gehäuse 44 lösen kann und keine Undichtigkeiten zwischen dem Drallerzeugungsapparat 10 und dem Gehäuse 44 auftreten.Thus, the shape of the
Claims (16)
- Swirl generating apparatus (10) for a turbocharger (44), for generating a pre-swirl, the swirl generating apparatus (10) having:a housing (12) consisting of a first and second housing element (14, 16), guide blades (18) being arranged along the circumference between the housing elements (14, 16), the housing being configured in such a way that a gaseous medium flows laterally along the circumference into the housing, the housing (12) having a guiding element (20) which deflects the gaseous medium into a substantially axial direction before it flows out of the housing (12), and an adjusting device (30, 58) for adjusting the guide blades (18), in order to generate a pre-swirl, the respective guide blades (18) being arranged with their leading edge (26) directed outwards and with their trailing edge (28) being directed into the housing interior, and having an elastic material, characterized in that the leading edge (26) of the respective guide blade (18) is fixed on the first and second housing element (14, 16), and the trailing edge (28) of the respective guide blade (18) is fastened movably to the first and/or second housing element (14, 16).
- Swirl generating apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first and second housing element (14, 16) form a spiral (48) which runs around the guide blades (18) with at least one feed means (50), for the inflow of the gaseous medium laterally along the circumference into the housing (12), the guide blades being flowed onto with a radial speed component.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the guide blades have a teardrop shape, the wider end of which forms the leading edge (26) and the narrower end of which forms the trailing edge (28).
- Swirl generating apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the trailing edge (28) of the guide blade (18) is connected to the adjusting device (30), in order to move the guide blade (18), with the result that a predefined pre-swirl can be generated.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide blades (18) consist of an elastic material.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the elastic material of the guide blades is an elastomer material.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the housing (12) consists of an elastic material at least in the region (54), in which the trailing edge (28) of the guide blade (18) is fastened movably to the first and/or second housing element (14, 16), substantially the entire housing (12) consisting of the elastic material or at least having the latter.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the region of the first and second housing element (14, 16), to which the leading edge (26) of the respective guide blade (18) is fastened, consists of an elastic material, of metal or a metal alloy and/or of a plastic.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first housing element (14) has the guiding element (20) for deflecting the gaseous medium, the guiding element (20) being conical, and the guiding element (20) being configured in one piece with the first housing element (14) or being capable of being connected to the latter as a separate part, the first housing element (14) consisting of an elastic material, of metal or a metal alloy or of plastic in the region of the guiding element (20).
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second housing element (16) has an outflow channel (22) for the outflow of the gaseous medium, the second housing element (16) consisting of an elastic material, of metal or a metal alloy and/or of plastic in the region of the outflow channel (22).
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the adjusting device (30) is configured in the form of an adjusting ring (58) which is connected to the trailing edge (28) of the respective guide blade (18), the guide blade (18) being adjusted by way of rotation of the adjusting ring (58) by a predefined amount, in such a way that a predefined pre-swirl can be generated.
- Swirl generating apparatus according to Claim 11, characterized in that the adjusting ring (58) is connected via a pin element (60) to the trailing edge (28) of the guide blade (18).
- Swirl generating apparatus according to at least one of Claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the adjusting ring (58) is rotated via at least one actuator, in order to rotate the guide blades (18).
- Turbocharger (44) having a compressor (42), a swirl generating apparatus (10) according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13 being arranged upstream of the compressor (42).
- Turbocharger according to Claim 14, characterized in that the guide blades (18) of the swirl generating apparatus (10) can be adjusted via the adjusting device (30) in such a way that a pre-swirl can be generated which is suitable for shifting the surge limit of the compressor towards smaller mass flows.
- Turbocharger according to at least one of Claims 14 and 15, characterized in that a compressor housing (46) of the turbocharger (44) can be connected to the swirl generating apparatus (10) in a region upstream of the compressor (42).
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DE102007062204A DE102007062204A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2007-12-21 | Swirl-generating apparatus and turbocharger with such a swirl-generating apparatus |
PCT/EP2008/064520 WO2009083292A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-10-27 | Swirl-generating apparatus and turbocharger with such a swirl-generating apparatus |
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EP2225467A1 EP2225467A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
EP2225467B1 true EP2225467B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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EP08868301.6A Not-in-force EP2225467B1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2008-10-27 | Swirl-generating apparatus and turbocharger with such a swirl-generating apparatus |
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DE (1) | DE102007062204A1 (en) |
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009012971A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Loading device i.e. exhaust gas turbocharger, for internal combustion engine, has spiral housing arranged coaxial to axis and comprising axial housing outlet connected to compressor inlet and housing inlet oriented transverse to axis |
FR2950105B1 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2013-07-05 | Coutier Moulage Gen Ind | TOURBILLONARY SYSTEM FOR AIR CONDUIT |
DE102011088032A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | loader |
ITUA20161854A1 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-09-21 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | Centrifugal compressor with diffuser blades without flow loss and assembly method of a centrifugal compressor |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2060271A1 (en) * | 1970-12-08 | 1972-06-29 | Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag | Procedure for the automatic adjustment of the inlet swirl when compressing the exhaust gas turbocharger and diffuser |
JPS5724496A (en) | 1980-07-22 | 1982-02-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Turbo-compressor |
DE3817839A1 (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1989-12-07 | Audi Ag | Device for imparting a swirl effect to the inflow regions of fluid flow machines |
DE19856275A1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-08 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh | Charging air compressor for motor vehicle engine has compressed air outlet, inlet coaxial to inlet opening of guide blade rim with blades parallel to axis with surfaces inclined to radius |
DE10250302B4 (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2004-12-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Swirl generating device for a compressor |
EP1632678A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-08 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company | Orthogonal swirl generator |
GB2425332A (en) | 2005-04-23 | 2006-10-25 | Siemens Ind Turbomachinery Ltd | Providing swirl to the compressor of a turbocharger |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 DE DE102007062204A patent/DE102007062204A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-10-27 EP EP08868301.6A patent/EP2225467B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-10-27 WO PCT/EP2008/064520 patent/WO2009083292A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2225467A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
WO2009083292A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
DE102007062204A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
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