EP2220425B1 - Headlight for vehicles - Google Patents

Headlight for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2220425B1
EP2220425B1 EP08847242.8A EP08847242A EP2220425B1 EP 2220425 B1 EP2220425 B1 EP 2220425B1 EP 08847242 A EP08847242 A EP 08847242A EP 2220425 B1 EP2220425 B1 EP 2220425B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light sources
led light
group
led
horizontal
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EP08847242.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2220425A1 (en
Inventor
Mirco GÖTZ
Franz-Josef Kalze
Michael Kleinkes
Thomas Vieregge
Wolfgang Pohlmann
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Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
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Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP2220425A1 publication Critical patent/EP2220425A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F21S41/153—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a headlight for vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a headlight for vehicles which has a plurality of LED light sources for generating a predetermined light distribution, which an optical unit is placed in front of them for imaging the respective LED light sources as light spots in the vehicle area.
  • the LED light sources are combined to form groups of LED light sources which each form an LED field (LED array) with a plurality of LED light sources (LED chips) arranged in a matrix-like manner on a common substrate.
  • the groups of LED light sources which all have the same dimensions, are each preceded by optical units with such imaging characteristics, so that light spots of different sizes are imaged in the vehicle area depending on the groups of LED light sources.
  • the groups of LED light sources or parts of the groups of LED light sources can be controlled by means of a control unit in such a way that predetermined light distributions, such as low beam light distribution and motorway light distribution, can be generated. Since the size of the light spots imaged in the area in front of the vehicle is determined by the design of the optical units, several differently designed optical units must be provided, which results in a certain amount of structural space.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a headlight for vehicles with a plurality of LED light sources in such a way that the provision of light distributions adapted to the requirements of the traffic area is ensured in a simple and effective manner, the space requirement being reduced.
  • the invention has the features of claim 1.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is that the formation of only one group of identically dimensioned LED light sources, whereby light spots of the same predetermined size are imaged in the vehicle area by means of the imaging characteristics of an optical unit, a predetermined light distribution can be generated in a simple manner.
  • the LED light sources of the same group can be controlled to control a high beam distribution and a motorway light distribution.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to assign a single optical unit to a group of LED light sources of the same size, so that a plurality of light spots with the same vertical and / or horizontal critical angle are imaged in the front of the vehicle to form at least two different light functions or light distributions. Because only a single optical unit is assigned to the LED light sources, the headlight can be designed to save space.
  • the headlight has a first group of LED light sources and a second group of LED light sources, the two groups being arranged on a common substrate and the LED light sources of the first group and the second group having different dimensions .
  • the dimension of the LED light sources of the second group of LED light sources is larger than the dimension of the LED light sources of the first group of LED light sources.
  • the headlight has a relatively compact and space-saving design.
  • at least one further LED light source is provided for generating a basic light distribution, such as, for example, a low beam distribution.
  • the LED light sources are arranged like a matrix in a plurality of horizontal and vertical rows on a common substrate, so that they are combined to form an LED field (LED array).
  • a horizontal row of the LED light sources arranged on the substrate is imaged by means of the optical unit in such a way that a horizontal row of light spots for forming a light function, preferably a motorway light function, is generated in the vehicle area.
  • the predetermined light function can advantageously be generated with a number of LED light sources of equal size.
  • At least two horizontal rows of LED light sources are arranged on the LED field and are imaged by means of the optics unit in such a way that a first horizontal row of light spots in the vehicle apron area to form the specified motorway light function and a second horizontal row immediately below it Series of light spots is generated.
  • An excessively high illuminance gradient in the area in front of the vehicle can thereby advantageously be prevented.
  • the LED light sources of a group of LED light sources are dimensioned and / or the optical unit has such imaging characteristics that light spots are imaged with a horizontal critical angle and a vertical critical angle of 0.28 ° in the front of the vehicle. A large number of light distributions can advantageously be generated with the size of these light spots.
  • a quotient of vertical rows of LED light sources on the one hand and horizontal rows of LED light sources on the other hand is greater than four, so that a relatively large area in front of the vehicle can be illuminated.
  • a headlight for vehicles consists essentially of a housing 1 in which a plurality of LED light sources 19, 22 are arranged on a common substrate 2 and an optical unit 4 arranged in front in the light emission direction 3.
  • the LED light sources 19, 22 are each designed as LED chips (light-emitting semiconductor diodes), wherein the LED chip can have one or more LEDs.
  • the substrate 2 is flat and preferably flat, a normal of the substrate 2 preferably pointing in a horizontal direction.
  • the control unit 5 enables the optional switching on and off and / or dimming of at least one LED light source 19.
  • the control unit 5 is assigned a sensor unit 6 on the input side, which detects objects occurring in the vehicle area 8 while driving and delivers corresponding sensor signals to the control unit 5 for evaluation thereof.
  • a switch unit 7 is assigned to the control unit 5, so that predetermined light distributions or light functions can be set manually or as a function of the positions of the switch unit 7 located in the cockpit of the vehicle.
  • a corresponding signal processing unit for processing the switching signals and / or the sensor signals is preferably provided in the control unit 5.
  • the headlight has on the one hand a first light source 20 and an optical unit 21 assigned to it for generating a low beam distribution 9, which is shown in FIG Figure 1b is visible by way of example on a measuring wall 18 set up at a distance of 10 m from the headlight.
  • the LED light source 20 can be designed, for example, as an LED chip with one or more LEDs.
  • the headlight also has a group of LED light sources 19 (LED chips) which are arranged on the substrate 2. These LED light sources 19 are each designed as LED chips which are arranged in a matrix-like manner in horizontal and vertical rows. In the present exemplary embodiment, thirteen horizontal rows of LED light sources 19 and sixty-six vertical rows of LED light sources 19 are arranged in an LED field 21.
  • the LED light sources 19 each have the same Dimension and are mapped by means of the optical unit 4 in such a way that on the in Figure 1b
  • the measuring screen 18 shown is shown in a matrix 13 x 66 arranged light spots 10, which each have a substantially rectangular course and are shown at a horizontal and vertical critical angle of 0.28 °.
  • the solid angle in a horizontal plane at which the light generated by a single LED light source 19 is emitted is referred to as the horizontal critical angle.
  • a vertical critical angle is understood to be a solid angle at which the light from the LED light source 19 is emitted in a vertical plane.
  • the imaging characteristic of the optical unit 4 is selected such that thirteen horizontal rows a of light spots 10 and sixty-six vertical rows b of light spots 10 are formed.
  • the horizontal rows a extend essentially above a horizontal H. Only the bottom rows a 1 , a 2 , a 3 extend below the horizontal H.
  • the second horizontal row a 2 of the light spots 10 can be used to generate a motorway light function 13.
  • a number of LED light sources 19 of the corresponding row of LED light sources 19 are controlled by means of the control unit 5 in such a way that the motorway light function 13 can be generated.
  • the motorway light function 13 enables the vehicle area 8 to be illuminated with an increased range in the central area, the correspondingly controlled LED light sources 19 of the motorway light function 13 generating light spots 14 that are above a cut-off line HDG of the asymmetrical low beam distribution 9.
  • LED light sources 19 can also be controlled that light spots of the horizontal row a 1 arranged below the light spots 14 are imaged.
  • LED light sources 19 can be controlled by means of the control unit 5 that light spots 15 are imaged in the first row a 1 in order to generate a dynamic cornering light.
  • the number of LED light sources can be 19 or differently arranged LED light sources 19 are switched on or off in such a way that a different number and position of the light spots 15 mapped for the cornering light function are mapped.
  • all LED light sources 19 of the LED field 21 arranged on the substrate 2 can be switched on, at least the lower rows a 1 , a 2 , a 3 of light spots being superimposed with the low beam distribution 9.
  • the substrate 2 contains on the one hand a first group of LED light sources 19 and on the other hand a second group of LED light sources 22.
  • the first group of LED light sources 19 forms an LED field 21, which by means of the optical unit 4 into two horizontal rows a 1 , a 2 is imaged by light spots 10, the light spots 10 having the same dimensions as the light spots 10 according to the embodiment Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the second group of LED light sources 22 has a larger dimension than the LED light sources 19 of the first group, so that in cooperation with the same optical unit 4 light spots 16 are imaged with a horizontal and vertical critical angle of 0.5 °. These light spots 16 extend in a matrix-like manner above a horizontal light / dark boundary HDG of the low beam distribution 9. By controlling the second group of LED light sources 22, a high beam distribution 17 can thus be generated.
  • a number of light spots 14 to form the motorway light function 13 and a number of light spots 15 to form the cornering light function can be switched on.
  • the range of the motorway light function 13 can be controlled in such a way that undesired glare effects are suppressed.
  • the LED light sources are arranged such that the second horizontal row a 2 of the light spots 10 can be imaged in a vertical angle range between -0.28 ° and -0.57 °. This makes it possible to achieve an improved generation of the motorway light function 13.
  • the ratio of the dimension of the LED light sources 22 of the second group to the dimension of the LED light sources 19 of the first group is selected such that the quotient of horizontal and vertical critical angles is greater than four, in the present case about five is.
  • the LED light sources 22 of the second group of LED light sources 22 can also be dimensioned such that light spots are imaged with a vertical and / or horizontal critical angle between 0.2 ° and 1 °.
  • the light spots 16, which are generated by the second group of LED light sources 22, have interfaces that are approximately three times as long as the interfaces 11, 12 of the comparatively small light spots 10. It is essential that the LED light sources 22 of the second group are larger than the LED light sources 19 of the first group, so that the number of light spots 16 formed thereby is smaller than the number of comparatively resulting light spots 10 above the horizontal H.
  • the LED light sources 22 are The second group is arranged in relation to the LED light sources 19 of the first group in such a way that a lowermost horizontal row c 1 of the large light spots 16 adjoins directly above the second row a 2 of the small light spots 10. The lowermost horizontal row c 1 of the large light spots 10 is thus partially below the horizontal H.
  • first group of LED light sources 19 and the second group of LED light sources 22 generate partial light distributions or light figures which are superimposed on the low beam distribution 9 of the further LED chip.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a headlight for vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE 10 2005 041 234 A1 ist ein Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge bekannt, der zur Erzeugung einer vorgegebenen Lichtverteilung eine Mehrzahl von LED-Lichtquellen aufweist, denen eine Optikeinheit vorgelagert ist zur Abbildung der jeweiligen LED-Lichtquellen als Lichtflecken in dem Fahrzeugvorfeld. Die LED-Lichtquellen sind zu Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen zusammengefasst, die jeweils ein LED-Feld (LED-Array) mit einer Mehrzahl von matrixartig auf einem gemeinsamen Substrat angeordneten LED-Lichtquellen (LED-Chips) bilden. Den Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen, die alle die gleiche Dimension aufweisen, sind jeweils Optikeinheiten mit einer solchen Abbildungscharakteristik vorgelagert, so dass im Fahrzeugvorfeld in Abhängigkeit von den Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen unterschiedlich große Lichtflecken abgebildet werden. Mittels einer Ansteuereinheit können die Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen bzw. Teile der Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen derart angesteuert werden, dass vorgegebene Lichtverteilungen, wie Abblendlichtverteilung und Autobahnlichtverteilung, erzeugt werden können. Da die Größe der im Fahrzeugvorfeld abgebildeten Lichtflecken durch die Ausgestaltung der Optikeinheiten erfolgt, müssen mehrere unterschiedlich ausgebildete Optikeinheiten vorgesehen sein, wodurch ein gewisser Bauraubedarf gegeben ist.From the DE 10 2005 041 234 A1 A headlight for vehicles is known which has a plurality of LED light sources for generating a predetermined light distribution, which an optical unit is placed in front of them for imaging the respective LED light sources as light spots in the vehicle area. The LED light sources are combined to form groups of LED light sources which each form an LED field (LED array) with a plurality of LED light sources (LED chips) arranged in a matrix-like manner on a common substrate. The groups of LED light sources, which all have the same dimensions, are each preceded by optical units with such imaging characteristics, so that light spots of different sizes are imaged in the vehicle area depending on the groups of LED light sources. The groups of LED light sources or parts of the groups of LED light sources can be controlled by means of a control unit in such a way that predetermined light distributions, such as low beam light distribution and motorway light distribution, can be generated. Since the size of the light spots imaged in the area in front of the vehicle is determined by the design of the optical units, several differently designed optical units must be provided, which results in a certain amount of structural space.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge mit einer Mehrzahl von LED-Lichtquellen derart weiterzubilden, dass die Bereitstellung von an die Erfordernisse des Verkehrsraums angepassten Lichtverteilungen auf einfache und wirksame Weise gewährleistet wird, wobei der Bauraumbedarf verringert ist.The object of the present invention is to develop a headlight for vehicles with a plurality of LED light sources in such a way that the provision of light distributions adapted to the requirements of the traffic area is ensured in a simple and effective manner, the space requirement being reduced.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe weist die Erfindung die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 auf.To solve this problem, the invention has the features of claim 1.

Der besondere Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass durch die Ausbildung von lediglich einer Gruppe von gleich dimensionierten LED-Lichtquellen, wobei mittels der Abbildungscharakteristik einer Optikeinheit im Fahrzeugvorfeld Lichtflecken einer vorbestimmten gleichen Größe abgebildet werden, auf einfache Weise eine vorgegebene Lichtverteilung erzeugt werden kann. Beispielsweise können die LED-Lichtquellen derselben Gruppe zur Ansteuerung einer Fernlichtverteilung und einer Autobahnlichtverteilung angesteuert werden. Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es, einer Gruppe von gleich großen LED-Lichtquellen eine einzige Optikeinheit zuzuordnen, so dass eine Mehrzahl von Lichtflecken mit dem gleichen vertikalen und/oder horizontalen Grenzwinkel im Fahrzeugvorfeld abgebildet werden zur Bildung von mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Lichtfunktionen bzw. Lichtverteilungen. Dadurch, dass den LED-Lichtquellen lediglich eine einzige Optikeinheit zugeordnet ist, kann der Scheinwerfer platzsparend ausgestaltet werden. Nach der Erfindung weist der Scheinwerfer eine erste Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen und eine zweite Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen auf, wobei die beiden Gruppen auf einem gemeinsamen Substrat angeordnet sind und wobei die LED-Lichtquellen der ersten Gruppe und der zweiten Gruppe eine unterschiedliche Dimension aufweisen. Die Dimension der LED-Lichtquellen der zweiten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen ist größer als die Dimension der LED-Lichtquellen der ersten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen. Vorteilhaft kann durch das Vorsehen von größer dimensionierten LED-Lichtquellen die Komplexität des LED-Feldes verringert werden. Vorteilhaft können die groß dimensionierten LED-Lichtquellen der zweiten Gruppe zur Ausleuchtung von relativ großen Flächen des Fahrzeugvorfeldes, wie beispielsweise für die Fernlichtfunktion, und die relativ klein dimensionierten LED-Lichtquellen der ersten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen zur Ausleuchtung von relativ kleinen Flächen des Fahrzeugvorfeldes, wie beispielsweise für die Autobahnlichtfunktion, genutzt werden. Dadurch, dass den Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen dieselbe Optikeinheit zugeordnet ist, weist der Scheinwerfer einen relativ kompakten und platzsparenden Aufbau auf. Nach der Erfindung ist neben den Gruppen von LED-Lichtquellen mindestens eine weitere LED-Lichtquelle vorgesehen zur Erzeugung einer Basislichtverteilung, wie beispielsweise einer Abblendlichtverteilung. Durch Überlagerung der mindestens eine Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen und der weiteren LED-Lichtquellen sind somit verschiedene oder resultierende Lichtverteilungen generierbar.The particular advantage of the invention is that the formation of only one group of identically dimensioned LED light sources, whereby light spots of the same predetermined size are imaged in the vehicle area by means of the imaging characteristics of an optical unit, a predetermined light distribution can be generated in a simple manner. For example, the LED light sources of the same group can be controlled to control a high beam distribution and a motorway light distribution. The basic idea of the invention is to assign a single optical unit to a group of LED light sources of the same size, so that a plurality of light spots with the same vertical and / or horizontal critical angle are imaged in the front of the vehicle to form at least two different light functions or light distributions. Because only a single optical unit is assigned to the LED light sources, the headlight can be designed to save space. According to the invention, the headlight has a first group of LED light sources and a second group of LED light sources, the two groups being arranged on a common substrate and the LED light sources of the first group and the second group having different dimensions . The dimension of the LED light sources of the second group of LED light sources is larger than the dimension of the LED light sources of the first group of LED light sources. By providing larger sized LED light sources, the complexity of the LED field can advantageously be reduced. The large LED light sources of the second group can advantageously be used to illuminate relatively large areas of the vehicle apron, such as for the high beam function, and the relatively small LED light sources of the first group of LED light sources for illuminating relatively small areas of the vehicle apron, such as for the motorway light function. Because the same optical unit is assigned to the groups of LED light sources, the headlight has a relatively compact and space-saving design. According to the invention, in addition to the groups of LED light sources, at least one further LED light source is provided for generating a basic light distribution, such as, for example, a low beam distribution. By superimposing the at least one group of LED light sources and the further LED light sources, different or resulting light distributions can thus be generated.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die LED-Lichtquellen matrixartig in mehreren horizontalen und vertikalen Reihen auf einem gemeinsamen Substrat angeordnet, so dass sie zu einem LED-Feld (LED-Array) zusammengefasst sind. Eine horizontale Reihe der auf dem Substrat angeordneten LED-Lichtquellen wird mittels der Optikeinheit derart abgebildet, dass eine horizontale Reihe von Lichtflecken zur Bildung einer Lichtfunktion, vorzugsweise einer Autobahnlichtfunktion, im Fahrzeugvorraum erzeugt wird. Vorteilhaft kann hierdurch die vorgegebene Lichtfunktion mit einer Anzahl von gleich groß ausgebildeten LED-Lichtquellen erzeugt werden. Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind mindestens zwei horizontale Reihen von LED-Lichtquellen auf dem LED-Feld angeordnet und werden mittels der Optikeinheit derart abgebildet, dass im Fahrzeugvorfeldraum eine erste horizontale Reihe von Lichtflecken zur Bildung der vorgegebenen Autobahnlichtfunktion und eine unmittelbar unterhalb derselben angeordnete zweite horizontale Reihe von Lichtflecken erzeugt wird. Vorteilhaft kann hierdurch ein zu hoher Beleuchtungsstärkegradient im Fahrzeugvorfeld verhindert werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LED light sources are arranged like a matrix in a plurality of horizontal and vertical rows on a common substrate, so that they are combined to form an LED field (LED array). A horizontal row of the LED light sources arranged on the substrate is imaged by means of the optical unit in such a way that a horizontal row of light spots for forming a light function, preferably a motorway light function, is generated in the vehicle area. As a result, the predetermined light function can advantageously be generated with a number of LED light sources of equal size. According to a further development of the invention, at least two horizontal rows of LED light sources are arranged on the LED field and are imaged by means of the optics unit in such a way that a first horizontal row of light spots in the vehicle apron area to form the specified motorway light function and a second horizontal row immediately below it Series of light spots is generated. An excessively high illuminance gradient in the area in front of the vehicle can thereby advantageously be prevented.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die LED-Lichtquellen einer Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen derart dimensioniert und/oder die Optikeinheit weist eine solche Abbildungscharakteristik auf, dass im Fahrzeugvorfeld Lichtflecken mit einem horizontalen Grenzwinkel und vertikalen Grenzwinkel von jeweils 0,28° abgebildet werden. Vorteilhaft kann mit der Größe dieser Lichtflecken eine Vielzahl von Lichtverteilungen erzeugt werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the LED light sources of a group of LED light sources are dimensioned and / or the optical unit has such imaging characteristics that light spots are imaged with a horizontal critical angle and a vertical critical angle of 0.28 ° in the front of the vehicle. A large number of light distributions can advantageously be generated with the size of these light spots.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist ein Quotient aus vertikalen Reihen von LED-Lichtquellen einerseits und horizontalen Reihen von LED-Lichtquellen andererseits größer als vier, so dass ein relativ großes Fahrzeugvorfeld ausgeleuchtet werden kann.According to a development of the invention, a quotient of vertical rows of LED light sources on the one hand and horizontal rows of LED light sources on the other hand is greater than four, so that a relatively large area in front of the vehicle can be illuminated.

Ausführungsbeispiele werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1a
eine schematische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Scheinwerfers nach einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 1b
eine schematische Darstellung von auf einer Messwand abgebildeten Lichtverteilungen des Scheinwerfers nach der ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 2a
eine schematische Darstellung eines Substrats eines Scheinwerfers mit großen LED-Lichtquellen nach der Erfindung und
Fig. 2b
eine schematische Darstellung von auf einer Messwand abgebildeten Lichtverteilungen des Scheinwerfers nach der Erfindung
Show it:
Fig. 1a
a schematic representation of a headlight not according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
Figure 1b
a schematic representation of light distributions of the headlamp according to the first embodiment shown on a measuring wall,
Fig. 2a
a schematic representation of a substrate of a headlight with large LED light sources according to the invention and
Figure 2b
a schematic representation of light distributions of the headlamp according to the invention shown on a measuring wall

Ein Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Gehäuse 1, in dem eine Mehrzahl von LED-Lichtquellen 19, 22 auf einem gemeinsamen Substrat 2 und eine in Lichtabstrahlrichtung 3 vorgelagerte Optikeinheit 4 angeordnet sind.A headlight for vehicles consists essentially of a housing 1 in which a plurality of LED light sources 19, 22 are arranged on a common substrate 2 and an optical unit 4 arranged in front in the light emission direction 3.

Die LED-Lichtquellen 19, 22 sind jeweils als LED-Chips (Licht emittierende Halbleiterdioden) ausgebildet, wobei der LED-Chip ein oder mehrere LEDs aufweisen kann. Das Substrat 2 ist flächig und vorzugsweise eben ausgebildet, wobei eine Normale des Substrats 2 vorzugsweise in eine horizontale Richtung weist.The LED light sources 19, 22 are each designed as LED chips (light-emitting semiconductor diodes), wherein the LED chip can have one or more LEDs. The substrate 2 is flat and preferably flat, a normal of the substrate 2 preferably pointing in a horizontal direction.

Den LED-Lichtquellen 19 ist eine Ansteuereinheit 5 zugeordnet, die in oder außerhalb des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet sein kann. Die Ansteuereinheit 5 ermöglicht das wahlweise Einschalten und Ausschalten und/oder Dimmen mindestens einer LED-Lichtquelle 19.A control unit 5, which can be arranged in or outside of the housing 1, is assigned to the LED light sources 19. The control unit 5 enables the optional switching on and off and / or dimming of at least one LED light source 19.

Der Ansteuereinheit 5 ist eingangsseitig eine Sensoreinheit 6 zugeordnet, die während der Fahrt im Fahrzeugvorfeld 8 vorkommende Objekte detektiert und entsprechende Sensorsignale zu der Ansteuereinheit 5 zur Auswertung derselben liefert. Zusätzlich ist der Ansteuereinheit 5 eine Schaltereinheit 7 zugeordnet, so dass vorgegebene Lichtverteilungen bzw. Lichtfunktionen manuell oder in Abhängigkeit von Stellungen der im Cockpit des Fahrzeugs befindlichen Schaltereinheit 7 einstellbar sind. In der Ansteuereinheit 5 ist vorzugsweise eine entsprechende Signalverarbeitungseinheit zur Verarbeitung der Schaltsignale und/oder der Sensorsignale vorgesehen.The control unit 5 is assigned a sensor unit 6 on the input side, which detects objects occurring in the vehicle area 8 while driving and delivers corresponding sensor signals to the control unit 5 for evaluation thereof. In addition, a switch unit 7 is assigned to the control unit 5, so that predetermined light distributions or light functions can be set manually or as a function of the positions of the switch unit 7 located in the cockpit of the vehicle. A corresponding signal processing unit for processing the switching signals and / or the sensor signals is preferably provided in the control unit 5.

Nach einer ersten nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Scheinwerfers weist der Scheinwerfer zum einen eine erste Lichtquelle 20 und derselben zugeordnete Optikeinheit 21 zur Erzeugung einer Abblendlichtverteilung 9 auf, die in Figur 1b exemplarisch auf einer zu dem Scheinwerfer in 10 m Entfernung aufgestellten Messwand 18 sichtbar ist. Die LED-Lichtquelle 20 kann beispielsweise als ein LED-Chip mit einer oder mehreren LEDs ausgebildet sein.According to a first embodiment of the headlight not according to the invention, the headlight has on the one hand a first light source 20 and an optical unit 21 assigned to it for generating a low beam distribution 9, which is shown in FIG Figure 1b is visible by way of example on a measuring wall 18 set up at a distance of 10 m from the headlight. The LED light source 20 can be designed, for example, as an LED chip with one or more LEDs.

Der Scheinwerfer weist weiterhin eine Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 (LED-Chips) auf, die auf dem Substrat 2 angeordnet sind. Diese LED-Lichtquellen 19 sind jeweils als LED-Chips ausgebildet, die matrixartig in horizontalen und vertikalen Reihen angeordnet sind. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind dreizehn horizontale Reihen von LED-Lichtquellen 19 und sechsundsechzig vertikale Reihen von LED-Lichtquellen 19 in einem LED-Feld 21 angeordnet. Die LED-Lichtquellen 19 weisen jeweils die gleiche Dimension auf und werden mittels der Optikeinheit 4 derart abgebildet, dass auf dem in Figur 1b dargestellten Messschirm 18 in einer Matrix 13 x 66 angeordnete Lichtflecken 10 abgebildet werden, die jeweils einen im wesentlichen rechteckförmigen Verlauf aufweisen und unter einem horizontalen und vertikalen Grenzwinkel von 0,28° abgebildet sind. Als horizontaler Grenzwinkel wird der Raumwinkel in einer horizontalen Ebene bezeichnet, unter dem das von einer einzigen LED-Lichtquelle 19 erzeugte Licht abgestrahlt wird. Unter einem vertikalen Grenzwinkel wird ein solcher Raumwinkel verstanden, unter dem Licht der LED-Lichtquelle 19 in einer vertikalen Ebene abgestrahlt wird.The headlight also has a group of LED light sources 19 (LED chips) which are arranged on the substrate 2. These LED light sources 19 are each designed as LED chips which are arranged in a matrix-like manner in horizontal and vertical rows. In the present exemplary embodiment, thirteen horizontal rows of LED light sources 19 and sixty-six vertical rows of LED light sources 19 are arranged in an LED field 21. The LED light sources 19 each have the same Dimension and are mapped by means of the optical unit 4 in such a way that on the in Figure 1b The measuring screen 18 shown is shown in a matrix 13 x 66 arranged light spots 10, which each have a substantially rectangular course and are shown at a horizontal and vertical critical angle of 0.28 °. The solid angle in a horizontal plane at which the light generated by a single LED light source 19 is emitted is referred to as the horizontal critical angle. A vertical critical angle is understood to be a solid angle at which the light from the LED light source 19 is emitted in a vertical plane.

Die Abbildungscharakteristik der Optikeinheit 4 ist derart gewählt, dass dreizehn horizontale Reihen a von Lichtflecken 10 und sechsundsechzig vertikale Reihen b von Lichtflecken 10 gebildet werden. Die horizontalen Reihen a erstrecken sich im Wesentlichen oberhalb einer Horizontalen H. Lediglich die untersten Reihen a1, a2, a3 erstrecken sich unterhalb der Horizontalen H. Die zweite horizontale Reihe a2 der Lichtflecken 10 kann zur Erzeugung einer Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 eingesetzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Anzahl von LED-Lichtquellen 19 der korrespondierenden Reihe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 mittels der Ansteuereinheit 5 derart angesteuert, dass die Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 generierbar ist. Die Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 ermöglicht eine Ausleuchtung des Fahrzeugvorfeldes 8 mit einer erhöhten Reichweite im mittleren Bereich, wobei die entsprechend angesteuerten LED-Lichtquellen 19 der Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 Lichtflecken 14 erzeugen, die oberhalb einer Hell-Dunkel-Grenze HDG der asymmetrischen Abblendlichtverteilung 9 liegen.The imaging characteristic of the optical unit 4 is selected such that thirteen horizontal rows a of light spots 10 and sixty-six vertical rows b of light spots 10 are formed. The horizontal rows a extend essentially above a horizontal H. Only the bottom rows a 1 , a 2 , a 3 extend below the horizontal H. The second horizontal row a 2 of the light spots 10 can be used to generate a motorway light function 13. For this purpose, a number of LED light sources 19 of the corresponding row of LED light sources 19 are controlled by means of the control unit 5 in such a way that the motorway light function 13 can be generated. The motorway light function 13 enables the vehicle area 8 to be illuminated with an increased range in the central area, the correspondingly controlled LED light sources 19 of the motorway light function 13 generating light spots 14 that are above a cut-off line HDG of the asymmetrical low beam distribution 9.

Vorzugsweise können auch solche LED-Lichtquellen 19 angesteuert werden, dass unterhalb der Lichtflecken 14 angeordnete Lichtflecken der horizontalen Reihe a1 abgebildet werden.Preferably, such LED light sources 19 can also be controlled that light spots of the horizontal row a 1 arranged below the light spots 14 are imaged.

Darüber hinaus können mittels der Ansteuereinheit 5 solche LED-Lichtquellen 19 angesteuert werden, dass Lichtflecken 15 in der ersten Reihe a1 abgebildet werden zur Erzeugung eines dynamischen Kurvenlichtes. In Abhängigkeit von dem Lenkwinkel des Fahrzeugs kann die Anzahl der LED-Lichtquellen 19 bzw. unterschiedlich angeordnete LED-Lichtquellen 19 derart ein- bzw. ausgeschaltet werden, dass eine unterschiedliche Anzahl und Position der für die Kurvenlichtfunktion abgebildeten Lichtflecken 15 abgebildet werden.In addition, such LED light sources 19 can be controlled by means of the control unit 5 that light spots 15 are imaged in the first row a 1 in order to generate a dynamic cornering light. Depending on the steering angle of the vehicle, the number of LED light sources can be 19 or differently arranged LED light sources 19 are switched on or off in such a way that a different number and position of the light spots 15 mapped for the cornering light function are mapped.

Zur Erzeugung einer Fernlichtverteilung 17 können alle LED-Lichtquellen 19 des auf dem Substrat 2 angeordneten LED-Feldes 21 eingeschaltet werden, wobei eine Überlagerung zumindest der unteren Reihen a1, a2, a3 von Lichtflecken mit der Abblendlichtverteilung 9 gegeben ist.To generate a high beam distribution 17, all LED light sources 19 of the LED field 21 arranged on the substrate 2 can be switched on, at least the lower rows a 1 , a 2 , a 3 of light spots being superimposed with the low beam distribution 9.

Nach einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Scheinwerfers gemäß Figur 2a und 2b enthält das Substrat 2 zum einen eine erste Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 und zum anderen eine zweite Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22. Die erste Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 bildet ein LED-Feld 21, das mittels der Optikeinheit 4 zu zwei horizontalen Reihen a1, a2 von Lichtflecken 10 abgebildet wird, wobei die Lichtflecken 10 die gleiche Dimension aufweisen wie die Lichtflecken 10 gemäß der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1a und 1b. Die zweite Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22, weist eine größere Dimension auf als die LED-Lichtquellen 19 der ersten Gruppe, so dass im Zusammenwirken mit derselben Optikeinheit 4 Lichtflecken 16 mit einem horizontalen und vertikalen Grenzwinkel von 0,5° abgebildet werden. Diese Lichtflecken 16 erstrecken sich matrixartig oberhalb einer horizontalen Hell-Dunkel-Grenze HDG der Abblendlichtverteilung 9. Durch Ansteuerung der zweiten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22 kann somit eine Fernlichtverteilung 17 erzeugt werden.According to one embodiment of the headlight according to the invention Figures 2a and 2b the substrate 2 contains on the one hand a first group of LED light sources 19 and on the other hand a second group of LED light sources 22. The first group of LED light sources 19 forms an LED field 21, which by means of the optical unit 4 into two horizontal rows a 1 , a 2 is imaged by light spots 10, the light spots 10 having the same dimensions as the light spots 10 according to the embodiment Figures 1a and 1b . The second group of LED light sources 22 has a larger dimension than the LED light sources 19 of the first group, so that in cooperation with the same optical unit 4 light spots 16 are imaged with a horizontal and vertical critical angle of 0.5 °. These light spots 16 extend in a matrix-like manner above a horizontal light / dark boundary HDG of the low beam distribution 9. By controlling the second group of LED light sources 22, a high beam distribution 17 can thus be generated.

Durch Ansteuerung der LED-Lichtquellen 19 der ersten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen kann eine Anzahl von Lichtflecken 14 zur Bildung der Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 und einer Anzahl von Lichtflecken 15 zur Bildung der Kurvenlichtfunktion zugeschaltet werden.By controlling the LED light sources 19 of the first group of LED light sources, a number of light spots 14 to form the motorway light function 13 and a number of light spots 15 to form the cornering light function can be switched on.

Durch Dimmen der für die Lichtflecken 14 hervorrufenden LED-Lichtquellen 19 kann die Reichweite der Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 derart gesteuert werden, dass unerwünschte Blendeffekte unterdrückt werden. Wie aus Figur 1b ersichtlich ist, sind die LED-Lichtquellen derart angeordnet, dass die zweite horizontale Reihe a2 der Lichtflecken 10 in einem vertikalen Winkelbereich zwischen -0,28° und -0,57° abgebildet werden. Hierdurch lässt sich eine verbesserte Generierung der Autobahnlichtfunktion 13 erzielen.By dimming the LED light sources 19 causing the light spots 14, the range of the motorway light function 13 can be controlled in such a way that undesired glare effects are suppressed. How out Figure 1b As can be seen, the LED light sources are arranged such that the second horizontal row a 2 of the light spots 10 can be imaged in a vertical angle range between -0.28 ° and -0.57 °. This makes it possible to achieve an improved generation of the motorway light function 13.

Im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Verhältnis der Dimension der LED-Lichtquellen 22 der zweiten Gruppe zu der Dimension der LED-Lichtquellen 19 der ersten Gruppe derart gewählt, dass der Quotient aus horizontalen und vertikalen Grenzwinkeln größer ist als vier, im vorliegenden Fall etwa bei fünf liegend ist.In the second embodiment, the ratio of the dimension of the LED light sources 22 of the second group to the dimension of the LED light sources 19 of the first group is selected such that the quotient of horizontal and vertical critical angles is greater than four, in the present case about five is.

In einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung können die LED-Lichtquellen 22 der zweiten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22 auch derart dimensioniert sein, dass Lichtflecken mit einem vertikalen und/oder horizontalen Grenzwinkel zwischen 0,2° und 1° abgebildet werden.In an embodiment of the invention that is not shown, the LED light sources 22 of the second group of LED light sources 22 can also be dimensioned such that light spots are imaged with a vertical and / or horizontal critical angle between 0.2 ° and 1 °.

Gleiche Bauteile bzw. Bauteilfunktionen sind in den Ausführungsbeispielen mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.The same components or component functions are provided with the same reference numbers in the exemplary embodiments.

Wie aus Figur 2b ersichtlich ist, weisen die Lichtflecken 16, die durch die zweite Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22 erzeugt werden, Grenzflächen auf, die etwa dreimal so lang sind wie die Grenzflächen 11, 12 der vergleichsweise kleinen Lichtflecken 10. Wesentlich ist, dass die LED-Lichtquellen 22 der zweiten Gruppe größer sind als die LED-Lichtquellen 19 der ersten Gruppe, so dass die Anzahl der hierdurch gebildeten Lichtflecken 16 kleiner ist als die Anzahl der vergleichsweise entstehenden Lichtflecken 10 oberhalb der Horizontalen H. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind die LED-Lichtquellen 22 der zweiten Gruppe derart zu den LED-Lichtquellen19 der ersten Gruppe angeordnet, dass eine unterste horizontale Reihe c1 der großen Lichtflecken 16 sich unmittelbar oberhalb der zweiten Reihe a2 der kleinen Lichtflecken 10 anschließt. Die unterste horizontale Reihe c1 der großen Lichtflecken 10 befindet sich somit teilweise unterhalb der Horizontalen H.How out Figure 2b As can be seen, the light spots 16, which are generated by the second group of LED light sources 22, have interfaces that are approximately three times as long as the interfaces 11, 12 of the comparatively small light spots 10. It is essential that the LED light sources 22 of the second group are larger than the LED light sources 19 of the first group, so that the number of light spots 16 formed thereby is smaller than the number of comparatively resulting light spots 10 above the horizontal H. In the present embodiment, the LED light sources 22 are The second group is arranged in relation to the LED light sources 19 of the first group in such a way that a lowermost horizontal row c 1 of the large light spots 16 adjoins directly above the second row a 2 of the small light spots 10. The lowermost horizontal row c 1 of the large light spots 10 is thus partially below the horizontal H.

Es ist ersichtlich, dass die erste Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 und die zweite Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22 Teillichtverteilungen bzw. Lichtfiguren erzeugen, die der Abblendlichtverteilung 9 des weiteren LED-Chips überlagert werden.It can be seen that the first group of LED light sources 19 and the second group of LED light sources 22 generate partial light distributions or light figures which are superimposed on the low beam distribution 9 of the further LED chip.

Durch wahlweises Ein- und Ausschalten der ersten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 19 und/oder zweiten Gruppe von LED-Lichtquellen 22 und gegebenenfalls Dimmen von einzelnen oder mehreren dieser LED-Lichtquellen 19 lassen sich mehrere unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen erzeugen.By optionally switching the first group of LED light sources 19 and / or the second group of LED light sources 22 on and off and optionally dimming individual or several of these LED light sources 19, several different light distributions can be generated.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
Gehäusecasing
22
SubstratSubstrate
33
LichtabstrahlrichtungDirection of light emission
44th
OptikeinheitOptical unit
55
AnsteuereinheitControl unit
66th
SensoreinheitSensor unit
77th
SchalteraeinheitSwitch unit
88th
FahrzeugvorfeldVehicle apron
99
AbblendlichtverteilungLow beam distribution
1010
LichtfleckenSpots of light
1111
horizontale Grenzflächehorizontal interface
1212
vertikale Grenzflächevertical interface
1313
AutobahnlichtfunktionMotorway light function
1414th
LichtfleckenSpots of light
1515th
LichtfleckenSpots of light
1616
LichtfleckenSpots of light
1717th
FernlichtverteilungHigh beam distribution
1818th
MesswandMeasuring wall
1919th
LED-LichtquellenLED light sources
2020th
LichtquelleLight source
2121st
LED-FeldLED field
2222nd
LED-LichtquellenLED light sources
aa
horizontale Reihen von Lichtfleckenhorizontal rows of light spots
bb
vertikale Reihen von Lichtfleckenvertical rows of light spots
HH
Horizontalehorizontal

Claims (7)

  1. Headlamp for vehicles with a plurality of LED light sources (19, 20, 22) with at least one optical unit (4) located in front of the LED light sources (19, 22), where the LED light sources (19, 22) are arranged in groups with a first group of LED light sources (19) and a second group of LED light sources (22) for generating a specified light distribution (13, 17), where the LED light sources (19, 22) of each group of light sources are designed to be of the same size,
    characterized in that
    - the same optical unit (4) is located in front of the first group of LED light sources (19) and the second group of LED light sources (22), where light patches (10, 14, 15, 16) are created with a vertical and/or horizontal boundary angle in a range between 0.2° and 1°
    - the LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED Light sources (19) each feature a first dimension that are arranged together with a second group of LED light sources (22) on a shared substrate (2), where the LED light sources (22) of the second group of LED light sources (22) each feature a second dimension such that the ratio of the first dimension of the LED light sources (19) of the first group to the same dimension of the LED light sources (22) of the second group is smaller than one
    - at least one further LED light source (20) is provided for generating a basic light distribution that can be overlapped by the light functions generated by first group of LED light sources (19) and the second group of LED light sources (22).
  2. Headlamp in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the LED light sources of the first group and the second group of LED light sources (19, 22) are arranged in several horizontal and vertical rows on the shared substrate (2) to form an LED field, where at least one row of LED light sources (19) is formed into a horizontal row (a) of light patches (10) to create a specified light function.
  3. Headlamp in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a first row of LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED light sources (19) can, by means of an actuator, form the horizontal row of light patches (a2) for creating a highway light function (13) and in that a second row of LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED light sources (19) can form another horizontal row (a1) of light patches (10) that is arranged immediately below the one horizontal row (a2) of light patches (10).
  4. Headlamp in accordance with one of Claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED light sources (19) each features such a dimension and/or in that the optical unit (4) features such an imaging characteristic that light patches (10) with a horizontal and a vertical boundary range of 0.28° are formed in the area ahead of the vehicle (8).
  5. Headlamp in accordance with one of Claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the ratio of vertical rows of LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED light sources (19) and horizontal rows of LED light sources (19) of the first group of LED light sources (19) is larger than four, where one row of LED light sources (19) is arranged in such a way that the one row (a2) of light patches (10) is formed in a vertical range of angles of between -0.28° and -0.57°.
  6. Headlamp in accordance with one of Claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the second group of LED light sources (22) on the LED field (21) is arranged matrix-like in a horizontal and vertical direction such that large light patches (16) are formed essentially above the horizontal line (H) of a measuring screen (18).
  7. Headlamp in accordance with Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first Group of LED light sources (19) comprises of only one or two rows of LED light sources (19) in such a way that one or two rows (a1, a2) are formed by light patches (10) below the horizontal line (H) on the measuring screen (18).
EP08847242.8A 2007-11-06 2008-11-05 Headlight for vehicles Active EP2220425B1 (en)

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DE102007052745A DE102007052745A1 (en) 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Headlights for vehicles
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EP2220425A1 (en) 2010-08-25
US8292481B2 (en) 2012-10-23
WO2009059983A1 (en) 2009-05-14
US20100264824A1 (en) 2010-10-21
DE102007052745A1 (en) 2009-05-07

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