EP2220268B1 - Cutting tool that is used in rotation for machining wood - Google Patents

Cutting tool that is used in rotation for machining wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2220268B1
EP2220268B1 EP08852016.8A EP08852016A EP2220268B1 EP 2220268 B1 EP2220268 B1 EP 2220268B1 EP 08852016 A EP08852016 A EP 08852016A EP 2220268 B1 EP2220268 B1 EP 2220268B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
chromium
cutting tool
nitride
titanium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08852016.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2220268A2 (en
Inventor
Andreas Kisselbach
Reinhard Pitonak
Klaus Voigt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boehlerit GmbH and Co KG
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Boehlerit GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2220268A2 publication Critical patent/EP2220268A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2220268B1 publication Critical patent/EP2220268B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved cutting tool of the type mentioned, in which form less quickly sticking, especially in the machining of workpieces made of wood.
  • the coating of the cutting tool, as desired for woodworking should be corrosion resistant.
  • a cutting tool is provided which does not form or significantly slower in the cutting insert, in particular during a cutting of wood with rotating cutting tools due to the intended coating, at the same time a high corrosion resistance is given.
  • a particularly large anti-adhesion effect of the coating can be achieved if its outermost layer is formed with chromium, titanium, zirconium and / or vanadium.
  • the coating is particularly preferred for the coating to be composed of a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, a layer of chromium nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and / or vanadium nitride, and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium, titanium, Having zirconium and / or vanadium.
  • the coating optionally comprises a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, a layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium and titanium.
  • the first layer of chromium which is optionally provided, serves to connect the remaining coating to the body and is generally much thinner than the subsequent layer of chromium nitride.
  • this can be achieved by first starting a coating by means of a chromium target in a nitrogen-free atmosphere and then, in addition to that, nitrogen is added before a chromium layer which has formed to a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a layer adjoining the layer of chromium nitride expediently contains about 30 to 70% by volume, preferably about 40 to 60% by volume, of chromium nitride.
  • the proposed chromium nitride serves to provide high corrosion resistance, while the titanium nitride is useful in terms of high wear resistance. At the intended contents or volume fractions both high corrosion resistance and high wear resistance can be achieved.
  • a final layer with an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium and titanium can be deposited separately.
  • the coated body may be a body forming the cutting tool as a whole.
  • teaching of the invention is also applicable to parts of a cutting tool such as cutting inserts attached to the cutting tool or other individual cutting tool parts.
  • cutting inserts for tine cutters which were formed either from a hard metal or a high-speed steel, each with a multilayer coating, starting from a base made of hard metal or high-speed steel, a 0.1 micron to 0.5 micron thick layer chromium, a 0.5 to 3.5 microns thick layer of chromium nitride, a 0.2 to 5.0 microns thick layer of titanium nitride and chromium nitride and finally a 0.2 to 1.5 microns thick layer of chromium oxynitride Mistake.
  • the coating in the region of the body relatively tough, which requires a necessary grinding of cutting without the risk of breaking larger areas of a Coating possible.
  • the outermost layer of the coating can also be formed of a softer material than the underlying layer of the coating, without losing these benefits.
  • Tine cutters were stocked with cutting inserts so prepared and tested for maximum application time to blocking as a result of solid buildup on woodworking, with comparative trials being made with known tine cutters whose cutting inserts were formed with multi-layer coatings with outermost layers of chromium nitride. It was found in comparison that the tine cutters according to the invention could be used at least 20% to 50% longer than the known tine cutters. Analogous coatings made by the PVD process, with an outermost layer of oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium, titanium, zirconium and / or vanadium, have yielded similarly good results in other woodworking cutting tools.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schneidwerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cutting tool according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei Schneidwerkzeugen für die Holzbearbeitung besteht ein Problem darin, dass sich auf Beschichtungen, die einer Verschleißfestigkeit der Schneidwerkzeuge bzw. Teilen davon dienen, Stoffe bzw. Materialien der bearbeiteten Werkstücke abscheiden, wobei massive Aufklebungen gebildet werden können. Solche Aufklebungen können bei motorisch angetriebenen, insbesondere rotierend eingesetzten Schneidwerkzeugen, z. B. Zinkenfräsern, nach kurzen Einsatz- bzw. Schnittzeiten zu einem Abfallen der Drehzahl und letztlich zu einem Blockieren des Schneidwerkzeuges führen. EP 1382709 offenbart ein beschichtetes Schneidwerkzeug. US 2004/0256442 offenbart ein beschichtetes Schneidwerkzeug zum Bearbeiten von Holz.One problem with woodworking cutting tools is that deposits on the coatings that provide wear resistance of the cutting tools or parts thereof are deposited on materials or materials of the machined workpieces, whereby massive adhesions can be formed. Such adhesions can motor-driven, in particular rotating cutting tools used, for. B. Zinkenfräsern, lead after short use or cutting times to a drop in speed and ultimately to a blocking of the cutting tool. EP 1382709 discloses a coated cutting tool. US 2004/0256442 discloses a coated cutting tool for processing wood.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein verbessertes Schneidwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, an dem sich insbesondere bei der Bearbeitung von Werkstücken aus Holz weniger rasch Aufklebungen bilden. Darüber hinaus soll die Beschichtung des Schneidwerkzeuges, wie für eine Holzbearbeitung gewünscht, korrosionsbeständig sein.The object of the invention is to provide an improved cutting tool of the type mentioned, in which form less quickly sticking, especially in the machining of workpieces made of wood. In addition, the coating of the cutting tool, as desired for woodworking, should be corrosion resistant.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Schneidwerkzeug gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a cutting tool according to claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile sind insbesondere darin zu sehen, dass ein Schneidwerkzeug bereitgestellt wird, an dem sich im Schneideinsatz, insbesondere bei einer spanenden Bearbeitung von Holz mit rotierenden Schneidwerkzeugen, blockierende Aufklebungen aufgrund der vorgesehenen Beschichtung nicht oder deutlich langsamer bilden, wobei gleichzeitig eine hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegeben ist. Dabei kann bei der Bearbeitung von Holz eine besonders große Antiadhäsionswirkung der Beschichtung erreicht werden, wenn deren äußerste Lage mit Chrom, Titan, Zirconium und/oder Vanadium gebildet ist.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular to be seen in the fact that a cutting tool is provided which does not form or significantly slower in the cutting insert, in particular during a cutting of wood with rotating cutting tools due to the intended coating, at the same time a high corrosion resistance is given. In the processing of wood, a particularly large anti-adhesion effect of the coating can be achieved if its outermost layer is formed with chromium, titanium, zirconium and / or vanadium.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, dass die Beschichtung ausgehend vom Körper aufeinanderfolgend eine Lage aus Chrom, eine Lage aus Chromnitrid, eine Lage aus Chromnitrid, Titannitrid, Zirconiumnitrid und/oder Vanadiumnitrid und schließlich eine Lage aus einem Oxid, Oxynitrid oder Oxycarbonitrid von Chrom, Titan, Zirconium und/oder Vanadium aufweist. Mit derartigen Beschichtungen kann bei guter Korrosionsbeständigkeit eine exzellente Antiadhäsionswirkung erreicht werden.It is particularly preferred for the coating to be composed of a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, a layer of chromium nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and / or vanadium nitride, and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium, titanium, Having zirconium and / or vanadium. With such coatings, an excellent anti-adhesion effect can be achieved with good corrosion resistance.

In einer besonders günstigen Ausbildung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Beschichtung ausgehend vom Körper aufeinanderfolgend optional eine Lage aus Chrom, eine Lage aus Chromnitrid, eine Lage aus Chromnitrid und Titannitrid und schließlich eine Lage aus einem Oxid, Oxynitrid oder Oxycarbonitrid von Chrom und Titan aufweist. Die erste Lage aus Chrom, die optional vorgesehen ist, dient zur Anbindung der übrigen Beschichtung an den Körper und ist in der Regel wesentlich dünner ausgebildet als die nachfolgende Lage aus Chromnitrid. In der Praxis kann dies erreicht werden, wenn zuerst ein Beschichten mittels eines Chrom-Targets in von Stickstoff freier Atmosphäre begonnen wird und anschließend, noch bevor eine sich ausbildende Chromlage eine Dicke von 0,5 µm erreicht, zusätzlich Stickstoff zugeführt wird. Eine an die Lage aus Chromnitrid anschließende Lage enthält zweckmäßigerweise etwa 30 bis 70 Vol.-%, bevorzugt etwa 40 bis 60 Vol.-%, Chromnitrid. Das vorgesehene Chromnitrid dient einer hohen Korrosionsbeständigkeit, während das Titannitrid in Bezug auf eine hohe Verschleißfestigkeit von Nutzen ist. Bei den vorgesehenen Gehalten bzw. Volumenanteilen können sowohl hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit als auch hohe Verschleißfestigkeit erreicht werden. Eine abschließende Lage mit einem Oxid, Oxynitrid oder Oxycarbonitrid von Chrom und Titan kann gesondert abgeschieden werden. Möglich ist es aber auch, zuerst eine gemischte Lage aus Chromnitrid und Titannitrid aufzubringen und diese Lage von einer freien Oberfläche ausgehend in die Tiefe durch Zuführen von Sauerstoff, gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart weiterer Gase, in Bezug auf die Dicke der Lage teilweise zu oxidieren.In a particularly favorable embodiment it can be provided that, starting from the body, the coating optionally comprises a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, a layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium and titanium. The first layer of chromium, which is optionally provided, serves to connect the remaining coating to the body and is generally much thinner than the subsequent layer of chromium nitride. In practice, this can be achieved by first starting a coating by means of a chromium target in a nitrogen-free atmosphere and then, in addition to that, nitrogen is added before a chromium layer which has formed to a thickness of 0.5 μm. A layer adjoining the layer of chromium nitride expediently contains about 30 to 70% by volume, preferably about 40 to 60% by volume, of chromium nitride. The proposed chromium nitride serves to provide high corrosion resistance, while the titanium nitride is useful in terms of high wear resistance. At the intended contents or volume fractions both high corrosion resistance and high wear resistance can be achieved. A final layer with an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium and titanium can be deposited separately. However, it is also possible first to apply a mixed layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride and to partially oxidize this layer from a free surface into the depth by supplying oxygen, optionally in the presence of further gases, with respect to the thickness of the layer.

Bei dem beschichteten Körper kann es sich um einen das Schneidwerkzeug insgesamt bildenden Körper handeln. Die Lehre der Erfindung ist aber auch auf Teile eines Schneidwerkzeuges wie Schneideinsätze, die am Schneidwerkzeug angebracht sind, oder andere einzelne Schneidwerkzeugteile, anwendbar.The coated body may be a body forming the cutting tool as a whole. However, the teaching of the invention is also applicable to parts of a cutting tool such as cutting inserts attached to the cutting tool or other individual cutting tool parts.

Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Wirkungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel, anhand dessen die Erfindung weitergehend erläutert ist.Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following embodiment, by which the invention is further explained.

Mit einem PVD-Verfahren wurden Schneideinsätze für Zinkenfräser, die entweder aus einem Hartmetall oder einem Schnellarbeitsstahl gebildet waren, jeweils mit einer mehrlagigen Beschichtung aus, ausgehend von einem Grundkörper aus Hartmetall bzw. Schnellarbeitsstahl, einer 0,1 µm bis 0,5 µm dicken Lage aus Chrom, einer 0,5 µm bis 3,5 µm dicken Lage aus Chromnitrid, einer 0,2 µm bis 5,0 µm dicken Lage aus Titannitrid und Chromnitrid und schließlich einer 0,2 µm bis 1,5 µm dicken Lage aus Chromoxynitrid versehen. Bei einer solchen Abfolge der Lagen steigt zum einen eine Härte innerhalb der Beschichtung im Hinblick auf eine Verschleißfestigkeit in vorteilhafter Weise an und ist zum anderen die Beschichtung im Bereich des Grundkörpers relativ zäh, was ein erforderliches Anschleifen von Schneiden ohne Gefahr eines Ausbrechens von größeren Bereichen einer Beschichtung ermöglicht. Die äußerste Lage der Beschichtung kann aber auch aus einem weicheren Material als die darunterliegende Lage der Beschichtung gebildet sein, ohne diese Vorteile einzubüßen.With a PVD process, cutting inserts for tine cutters, which were formed either from a hard metal or a high-speed steel, each with a multilayer coating, starting from a base made of hard metal or high-speed steel, a 0.1 micron to 0.5 micron thick layer chromium, a 0.5 to 3.5 microns thick layer of chromium nitride, a 0.2 to 5.0 microns thick layer of titanium nitride and chromium nitride and finally a 0.2 to 1.5 microns thick layer of chromium oxynitride Mistake. In such a sequence of layers, on the one hand, a hardness within the coating increases in terms of wear resistance in an advantageous manner and on the other hand, the coating in the region of the body relatively tough, which requires a necessary grinding of cutting without the risk of breaking larger areas of a Coating possible. However, the outermost layer of the coating can also be formed of a softer material than the underlying layer of the coating, without losing these benefits.

Zinkenfräser wurden mit so hergestellten Schneideinsätzen bestückt und bei einer Bearbeitung von Holz auf eine maximale Einsatzzeit bis zum Blockieren infolge einer Ausbildung massiver Aufklebungen getestet, wobei auch Vergleichsversuche mit bekannten Zinkenfräsern durchgeführt wurden, deren Schneideinsätze mit mehrlagigen Beschichtungen mit äußersten Lagen aus Chromnitrid ausgebildet waren. Es zeigte sich im Vergleich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Zinkenfräser zumindest um 20 % bis 50 % länger eingesetzt werden konnten als die bekannten Zinkenfräser. Mit analogen Beschichtungen, erstellt mittels PVD-Verfahrens, mit einer äußersten Lage aus einem Oxid, Oxynitrid oder Oxycarbonitrid von Chrom, Titan, Zirconium und/oder Vanadium wurden bei anderen Schneidwerkzeugen für die Holzbearbeitung ähnlich gute Ergebnisse erzielt.Tine cutters were stocked with cutting inserts so prepared and tested for maximum application time to blocking as a result of solid buildup on woodworking, with comparative trials being made with known tine cutters whose cutting inserts were formed with multi-layer coatings with outermost layers of chromium nitride. It was found in comparison that the tine cutters according to the invention could be used at least 20% to 50% longer than the known tine cutters. Analogous coatings made by the PVD process, with an outermost layer of oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium, titanium, zirconium and / or vanadium, have yielded similarly good results in other woodworking cutting tools.

Claims (10)

  1. A cutting tool, particularly a cutting tool used in a rotating manner for processing wood, which comprises a body with a coating of one or a plurality of layers deposited at least in regions of a surface of the body or is formed from this coated body, wherein an outermost layer of the coating is formed from an oxide, oxynitride or an oxycarbonitride of one or a plurality of the metals titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, characterized in that the coating comprises a plurality of layers and a hardness of the layers increases from the body to the free surface of the coating, wherein the outermost layer may be optionally configured with a smaller hardness than the layer lying thereunder.
  2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is formed from hard metal or highspeed steel.
  3. The cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outermost layer is formed using chromium, titanium, zirconium and/or vanadium.
  4. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating comprises, starting consecutively from the body, a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and/or vanadium nitride and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium, titanium, zirconium and/or vanadium.
  5. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating exhibits, starting consecutively from the body, optionally a layer of chromium, a layer of chromium nitride, a layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride and finally a layer of an oxide, oxynitride or oxycarbonitride of chromium and titanium.
  6. The cutting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride contains about 30 to 70 % by vol. chromium nitride.
  7. The cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the layer of chromium nitride and titanium nitride contains about 40 to 60 % by vol. chromium nitride.
  8. The cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating comprises a 0.1 µm to 0.5 µm thick layer of chromium, a 0.5 µm to 3.5 µm thick layer of chromium nitride, a 0.2 µm to 5.0 µm thick layer of titanium nitride and chromium nitride and finally a 0.2 µm to 1.5 µm thick layer of chromium nitride.
  9. The cutting tool according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coated body is part of a tenoning machine or the tenoning machine itself.
  10. Use of a cutting tool according to one of the claims 1 to 9 for processing workpieces made of wood.
EP08852016.8A 2007-11-22 2008-11-14 Cutting tool that is used in rotation for machining wood Not-in-force EP2220268B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT19002007A AT505759B1 (en) 2007-11-22 2007-11-22 ROTATING CUTTING TOOL FOR EDITING WOOD
PCT/AT2008/000409 WO2009065160A2 (en) 2007-11-22 2008-11-14 Cutting tool that is used in rotation for machining wood

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2220268A2 EP2220268A2 (en) 2010-08-25
EP2220268B1 true EP2220268B1 (en) 2014-03-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08852016.8A Not-in-force EP2220268B1 (en) 2007-11-22 2008-11-14 Cutting tool that is used in rotation for machining wood

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EP (1) EP2220268B1 (en)
AT (1) AT505759B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009065160A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113621965A (en) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-09 无锡锐威精密刀具有限公司 Alloy cutter surface diamond gradient film and preparation method thereof

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US4357382A (en) * 1980-11-06 1982-11-02 Fansteel Inc. Coated cemented carbide bodies
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JP2007290091A (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-08 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Surface coated cutting tool having hard coating layer exhibiting excellent chipping resistance in high-speed heavy cutting difficult-to-cut material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2220268A2 (en) 2010-08-25
WO2009065160A2 (en) 2009-05-28
AT505759A4 (en) 2009-04-15
AT505759B1 (en) 2009-04-15
WO2009065160A3 (en) 2010-01-28

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