EP2218900A1 - Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection - Google Patents

Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2218900A1
EP2218900A1 EP09002146A EP09002146A EP2218900A1 EP 2218900 A1 EP2218900 A1 EP 2218900A1 EP 09002146 A EP09002146 A EP 09002146A EP 09002146 A EP09002146 A EP 09002146A EP 2218900 A1 EP2218900 A1 EP 2218900A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
needle
fluid
valve assembly
guide portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09002146A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2218900B1 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Agresta
Luigi Gargiulo
Luca Gestri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Automotive GmbH
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive GmbH filed Critical Continental Automotive GmbH
Priority to EP20090002146 priority Critical patent/EP2218900B1/fr
Publication of EP2218900A1 publication Critical patent/EP2218900A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2218900B1 publication Critical patent/EP2218900B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve assembly for an injection valve and an injection valve.
  • Injection valves are in widespread use, in particular for internal combustion engines where they may be arranged in order to dose the fluid into an intake manifold of the internal combustion engine or directly into the combustion chamber of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
  • injection valves are manufactured in various forms in order to satisfy the various needs for the various combustion engines. Therefore, for example, their length, their diameter and all the various elements of the injection valve being responsible for the way the fluid is dosed may vary in a wide range.
  • injection valves may accommodate an actuator for actuating a needle of the injection valve, which may, for example, be an electromagnetic actuator or piezoelectric actuator.
  • the respective injection valve may be suited to dose fluids under very high pressures.
  • the pressures may be in case of a gasoline engine, for example, in the range of up to 200 bar and in the case of a diesel engine in the range of up to 2000 bar.
  • the object of the invention is to create a valve assembly for an injection valve and an injection valve which is simply to be manufactured and which facilitates a reliable and precise function.
  • the invention is distinguished by a valve assembly of an injection valve, the valve assembly comprising a valve body including a central longitudinal axis, the valve body comprising a cavity with a fluid outlet portion, a valve needle axially movable in the cavity, the valve needle preventing a fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion in a closing position and releasing the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion in further positions.
  • the valve needle has a guide portion being designed to guide the valve needle in the valve body and having fluid channels being designed to enable a fluid flow to the fluid outlet portion, a tip portion being designed to act together with the valve body to prevent the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion, and a lower needle portion being arranged axially between the guide portion and the tip portion.
  • the lower needle portion comprises a recess portion with an annular recess.
  • the lower needle portion has an axial length of about 7 mm to about 8 mm.
  • the guide portion has an axial length of about 2 mm to about 3 mm.
  • the channels in the guide portion have a total cross sectional area of about 2 mm 2 .
  • the annular recess in the recess portion of the lower needle portion has the effect that the diameter of the recess portion is smaller than the diameter of further sections of the lower needle portion.
  • the space between the recess portion and the valve body is larger than the space between the further sections of the lower needle and the valve body.
  • this configuration of the valve needle has the advantage that an excellent spray structure with a highly axial symmetric spray can be generated. Fluid cavitation effects, in particular sectional fluid cavitation effects in the injection valve can be avoided in a very good manner. Furthermore, the pressure drop in the channels of the guide portion can be kept small. Additionally, turbulence effects can be kept small and zones of turbulence in axial direction can be kept short in particular downstream the guide portion between the valve body and the recess portion. Consequently, a homogeneous fluid flow in the fluid outlet portion between the valve body and the recess portion is available. By this, the angle and the structure of the fluid spray outside the valve assembly can be kept uniform over the time. Consequently, a noise emission of the spray can be kept small.
  • a further advantage of this configuration of the valve needle is that a high shot-to-shot stability of the spray can be obtained, even in the case that long pulses of the spray are needed for the injection. Therefore, a very small variation of the spray angle characteristic is available.
  • the channels of the guide portion is less important for the characteristic of the fluid flow, the channels can be manufactured in a very simple and easy manner.
  • the recess portion has a diameter of about 2 mm to about 2.2 mm and a length of about 2 mm to about 3 mm. This allows a good adaptation of the dimensions of the recess portion to the geometry of the guide portion. In particular, sectional fluid cavitation effects in the injection valve can be avoided very effectively.
  • the diameter of the recess portion is about 2.08 mm and the length is about 2.53 mm.
  • the axial length of the lower needle portion is about 7.5 mm.
  • the axial length of the guide portion is about 2.5 mm. This has the advantage that a very small pressure drop in the channels of the guide portion in combination with a secure guiding of the valve needle in the valve body can be obtained.
  • the guide portion has a diameter of about 3.5 mm and the valve needle outside the guide portion and outside the recess portion has a diameter of about 2.80 mm.
  • the invention is distinguished by an injection valve comprising an actuator unit and the valve assembly.
  • the valve needle is actuable by the actuator unit.
  • An injection valve 10 ( figure 1 ) that is used as a fuel injection valve for an internal combustion engine, comprises a housing 12, a valve assembly 14 and an actuator unit 16.
  • the housing 12 has a tubular shape.
  • the actuator unit 16 is inserted into the housing 12 and comprises a piezo actuator, which changes its axial length depending on a control signal applied to it.
  • the actuator unit 16 may, however, also comprise another type of actuator, which is known to a person skilled in the art for that purpose.
  • Such an actuator may be, for example, a solenoid.
  • the valve assembly 14 comprises a valve body 20 with a central longitudinal axis X and a cavity 24 which is axially led through the valve body 20.
  • a valve needle 22 which is movable in axial direction is arranged in the cavity 24.
  • the injection valve 10 has a fluid inlet portion 26 which is arranged in the housing 12 and which is hydraulically coupled to the cavity 24 and a not shown fuel connector.
  • the fuel connector is designed to be connected to a high pressure fuel chamber of an internal combustion engine, the fuel is stored under high pressure, for example, under the pressure of about 200 bar.
  • a fluid outlet portion 28 is formed, which is closed or open depending on the axial position of the valve needle 22. Outside of the closing position of the valve needle 22 there is a gap between the valve body 20 and the valve needle 22 at an axial end of the injection valve 10 facing away from of the actuator unit 16. The gap forms a valve nozzle 29.
  • the valve body 20 has a valve body spring rest 32 and the valve needle 22 comprises a valve needle spring rest 34, both spring rests 32, 34 supporting a spring 30 arranged between the valve body 20 and the valve needle 22.
  • the injection valve 10 is of an outward opening type. In an alternative embodiment the injection valve 10 may be of an inward opening type.
  • a bellow 36 is arranged which is sealingly coupling the valve body 20 with the valve needle 22. By this a fluid flow between the cavity 24 and a chamber 38 in which the actuator unit 16 is arranged is prevented. Furthermore, the bellow 36 is formed and arranged in a way that the valve needle 22 is actuable by the actuator unit 16.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the valve assembly 14 with the valve needle 22.
  • the valve needle 22 has an upper needle portion 40 and a lower needle portion 42.
  • the lower needle portion 42 has a recess portion 44 with an annular recess 45.
  • valve needle 22 has a guide portion 46 arranged axially between the upper needle portion 40 and the lower needle portion 42.
  • the guide portion 46 can guide the valve needle 22 in the valve body 20.
  • the guide portion 46 comprises fluid channels 48 which allow a fluid flow from the fluid inlet portion 26 to the fluid outlet portion 28.
  • four fluid channels 48 are shaped as grinded flats on the surface of the guide portion 46.
  • the four fluid channels 48 are arranged axial symmetrically on the guide portion 46 so that a good axial symmetry of the fluid can be obtained.
  • the valve needle 22 has a tip portion 50.
  • the tip portion 50 is conical. The tip portion 50 cooperates with the valve body 20 forming a seat to prevent the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion 28.
  • the valve needle 22 outside the guide portion 46 and outside the recess portion 44, in particular the upper needle portion 40, has a diameter D_N of about 3 mm.
  • the diameter D_N of the valve needle 22 outside the guide portion 46 and outside the recess portion 44 is about 2.80 mm. This is a typical and reliable value for the diameter of the valve needle 22 of the valve assemble 14 of the injection valve 10 for the internal combustion engine.
  • the guide portion 46 has a diameter D_G of about 3.5 mm and an axial length L_G of about 2 mm to about 3 mm.
  • the four channels 48 in the guide portion 46 have together a total cross-sectional area A_CH of about 1.85 mm 2 .
  • the axial length L_G of the guide portion 46 is about 2.5 mm. These dimensions allow to obtain a secure guiding of the valve needle 22 in the valve body 20 in combination with a very small pressure drop in the channels 48 of the guide portion 46.
  • the lower needle portion 42 has an axial length L_LN of about 7 mm to about 8 mm.
  • the axial length L_LN of the lower needle portion 42 is about 7.5 mm.
  • the recess portion 44 has a diameter D_R of about 2 mm and a length L_R of about 2 mm to about 3 mm.
  • the length L_R of the recess portion 44 is about 2.53 mm and the diameter D_R is about 2.08 mm.
  • the diameter D_R of the recess portion 44 is 2.08 mm
  • the length L_R of the recess portion 44 is 2.53 mm
  • the axial length L_LN is 7.5 mm
  • the length L_G of the guide portion 46 is 2.5 mm
  • the diameter D_N of the valve needle 22 outside the guide portion 46 and outside the recess portion 44 is 2.80 mm
  • the total cross-sectional area A_CH of the channels 48 is 1.85 mm 2 an excellent spray structure with a highly axial symmetric spray is available at the valve nozzle 29.
  • the fluid is led from the fluid inlet portion 26 in the housing 12 to the upper needle portion 40 and to the guide portion 46. Then the fluid passes through the channels 48 of the guide portion 46 and reaches the lower needle portion 42 to be led between the valve body 20 and the recess portion 44 to the fluid outlet portion 28 near the tip portion 50 of the valve needle 22.
  • the valve needle 22 prevents a fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion 28 in the valve body 20 in a closing position of the valve needle 22. Outside of the closing position of the valve needle 22, the valve needle 22 enables the fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion 28.
  • the piezoelectric actuator may change its axial length if it gets energized in an expansion duration of some micro-seconds. By changing its length the actuator unit 16 may effect a force on the valve needle 22.
  • the valve needle 22 can move in axial direction out of the closing position to form the gap between the valve body 20 and the valve needle 22 at the axial end of the injection valve 10 facing away from of the actuator unit 16.
  • the spring 30 can force the valve needle 22 via the valve needle spring rest 34 towards the actuator unit 16. In the case when the actuator unit 16 is de-energized the actuator unit 16 shortens its length.
  • the spring 30 can force the valve needle 22 to move in axial direction in its closing position. It is depending on the force balance between the force on the valve needle 22 caused by the actuator unit 16 and the force on the valve needle 22 caused by the spring 30 whether the valve needle 22 is in its closing position or not.
  • the small length L_G of the guide portion 46 allows to have a short length of the channels 48 that combined with the large total cross sectional area A_CH lead to minimize the pressure drop across the guide portion 46 as well as the average flow speed.
  • Such an arrangement associated with the annular recess 45 and the lower needle portion 42 contributes to avoid that vortexes detached at the end of the guide portion 46 are transported to the valve nozzle 29. Therefore, the angle and the structure of the fluid spray outside the valve nozzle 29 can be kept very constant in view of the time and a sectoral partition of momentum in the spray can be eliminated.
  • the dimensioning of the different parts of the valve needle 22 as described above can result in a high shot-to-shot stable and uniform spray structure, even in the case that the injection process makes long pulses of the spray necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP20090002146 2009-02-16 2009-02-16 Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection Active EP2218900B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090002146 EP2218900B1 (fr) 2009-02-16 2009-02-16 Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20090002146 EP2218900B1 (fr) 2009-02-16 2009-02-16 Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection

Publications (2)

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EP2218900A1 true EP2218900A1 (fr) 2010-08-18
EP2218900B1 EP2218900B1 (fr) 2011-09-28

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3018340A1 (fr) * 2014-11-05 2016-05-11 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Injecteur de carburant électrique pour un système d'injection pour moteur à combustion interne
CN105579696A (zh) * 2013-09-20 2016-05-11 大陆汽车有限公司 流体喷射阀

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012203607A1 (de) * 2012-03-07 2013-09-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ventil zum Zumessen eines Fluids

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2112455A (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-20 Lucas Ind Plc Guiding outwardly opening valves in fuel injectors
EP0153494A1 (fr) * 1984-02-14 1985-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne
DE19853266A1 (de) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-31 Siemens Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10346212A1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-04-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102006008647A1 (de) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit direktbetätigbarer Düsennadel und variabler Aktorhubübersetzung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2112455A (en) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-20 Lucas Ind Plc Guiding outwardly opening valves in fuel injectors
EP0153494A1 (fr) * 1984-02-14 1985-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne
DE19853266A1 (de) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-31 Siemens Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE10346212A1 (de) * 2003-10-06 2005-04-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102006008647A1 (de) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit direktbetätigbarer Düsennadel und variabler Aktorhubübersetzung

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105579696A (zh) * 2013-09-20 2016-05-11 大陆汽车有限公司 流体喷射阀
US9995262B2 (en) 2013-09-20 2018-06-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Fluid injection valve
CN105579696B (zh) * 2013-09-20 2018-07-03 大陆汽车有限公司 流体喷射阀
EP3018340A1 (fr) * 2014-11-05 2016-05-11 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Injecteur de carburant électrique pour un système d'injection pour moteur à combustion interne
WO2016071853A1 (fr) * 2014-11-05 2016-05-12 C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni Atomiseur d'injecteur électromagnétique de carburant pour un système d'injection de carburant pour un moteur à combustion interne

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Publication number Publication date
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