EP2213807B1 - Modulare Verkleidung und Verfahren zur Durchführung davon - Google Patents

Modulare Verkleidung und Verfahren zur Durchführung davon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2213807B1
EP2213807B1 EP20100151766 EP10151766A EP2213807B1 EP 2213807 B1 EP2213807 B1 EP 2213807B1 EP 20100151766 EP20100151766 EP 20100151766 EP 10151766 A EP10151766 A EP 10151766A EP 2213807 B1 EP2213807 B1 EP 2213807B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modular
frame
panels
cladding
modular structure
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Not-in-force
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EP20100151766
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2213807A1 (de
Inventor
Fabio Valentini
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical sector of flooring and cladding of architectural structures (building, schools, sports facilities, etc.). More in particular, the invention relates to a modular cladding structure for use in flooring and cladding in general, and to a method for realisation thereof.
  • a cladding flooring must, according to these requirements, have a predetermined rating for loads and overloads and must have defined heat and acoustic insulation properties, as well as acoustic absorption properties of the internal cladding surface for noises produced inside; in addition, a cladding flooring can be required to have a determined level of fire-retardant qualities as well as a defined class of reaction to fire.
  • the structural part of a cladding can be obtained by first providing a framework of main beams of a given section and a further framework of secondary beams having a smaller section, forming overall a support grid on which main and secondary beams, planks or panels (for example made of plywood) are later fixed; main beams, secondary beams and planks or panels thus perform a bearing function.
  • thermal insulation in the form of panels
  • thermal insulation is arranged superiorly or inferiorly of the planks or panels
  • panels having acoustic insulation with flame-resistant and fire-retardant properties as required by the standards can be interposed (for example, the panel can have sixty-minutes' fire-resistance and a class-one fire reaction, i.e. a very limited degree of combustibility.
  • acoustic panels i.e. sound-absorbent
  • cement and glass fibre panels among which in particular are panels known as Celenit ® or Eraclit ®, or plasterboard.
  • Celenit ® or Eraclit ® panels known as Celenit ® or Eraclit ®, or plasterboard.
  • a drawback connected to the use of these acoustic panels is their unpleasant aesthetic impact: by interposing between the bearing planks or panels and the primary and secondary beams they give an artificial aspect to the part of ceiling that remains in view, at least partly depriving it of the very fine rustic effect sought after by architects and final users.
  • cement, glass fibre or plasterboard panels cement ones being usually preferable as they are more economical and better in terms of acoustic insulation
  • cement ones being usually preferable as they are more economical and better in terms of acoustic insulation further must be plastered along the edges with the aim of covering the spaces existing between flanking panels.
  • Document GB 2 440 936 which comprises the features of the preamble of claim 1, discloses a composite floor and ceiling assembly comprising a number of parallel upper joists that abut a pair of outer perimeter floor edge joists and a top decking panel mounted on the upper joists.
  • a number of lower joists which abut outer perimeter ceiling joists, are spaced apart from the upper joists and support a ceiling panel with there being no physical contact between the upper and lower portions of the assembly.
  • the upper and lower joists preferably project between and overlap one another with the adjacent perimeter floor edge and ceiling edge joists preferably being formed from one joist. Sound insulation is preferably laid across the lower joists and ceiling panel so that it is spaced from the upper joists and top decking panel.
  • An interconnect formed from a metal joist is provided to connect adjacent panels.
  • the aim of the present invention consists in providing a new solution which enables cladding floors to be realised that respond to the standards and requisites relating to structural questions and to heat and acoustic insulation, as well as to resistance and reaction to fire, and also provide a ceiling which is pleasant to behold.
  • a further aim of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution which does not require a high degree of manual skills to be laid, nor a large outlay of time for the operatives laying it.
  • a further aim of the invention consists in providing a technical solution the costs of which are lower with respect to those required for realisation of floors and claddings of conventional type, or which are at least lower when taking into consideration the other set objectives as defined herein above.
  • the first member having fire-retardant properties is for example shaped as a panel and is preferably sound-absorbent; by way of non-limiting example, this panel can be a panel made of cement, mineral, plaster-fibre, laminate, Celenit ® or Eraclit ®.
  • the fire-retardant and sound-absorbent panels are not generally suited to being fastened to the support beams of the frame, due to their intrinsic fragility which would not enable them to be supported by the heads of the nails, or washers or the like; the fact of using, in accordance with the present invention, at least a sill for blocking the panels via nailing to the support beams is seen to be extremely advantageous inasmuch as it guarantees a stable and safe assembly of the thus-defined modular cladding structure.
  • the modular cladding structure in the form of a prefabricated assembly is industrially realisable by means of automatic machines. This leads to a series of further significant technical-functional advantages in terms of: lower unit costs for the modular cladding structure with respect to a work-site assembly of conventional type; shorter times and costs for assembly in the work-site; smaller use of cranes and platforms for mounting at height; reliability and guarantee of the performance of the modular structure, which can be confirmed by testing certificates on samples (the modular structures can be realised in series and according to predetermined production standards, and are no longer put together at the work-site by craftsmen); simplification of the structural calculation of the thus-obtained floorings and cladding, the constructional details and the production designs.
  • the use of at least a sill made of wood or another material has not only a technical effect for the aims of fastening the first member to the frame, but further gives to the modular structure a pleasant appearance if it is arranged in such a way that the part in which the at least a sill is visible (preferably a plurality of sills) is destined to constitute the in-view side of a ceiling, for example.
  • the modular structure of the invention can comprise one or more heat-insulating members, preferably in the form of panels, fixable to the frame preferably on the opposite side thereof to the side on which the at least a sill is fastened to the frame.
  • the arrangement of one or more heat-insulating panels of variable thickness in the modular structure gives the structure heat insulation properties such as to respond to the requisites imposed by the existing standards.
  • the modular structure of the invention can further comprise at least a (preferably just one) bearing panel fastenable to the frame, preferably on the opposite side to that to which the at least a sill is fastened to the frame.
  • sill or sills can be angularly arranged (for example by an angle of thirty, forty-five, ninety degrees) with respect to the axes of the frame beams, such as to further stabilise the blocking of the first member to the frame.
  • Each sill can be fastened, for example by nailing, directly to all the beams of the frame.
  • the modular structure can comprise at least a spacer interposed between the at least a first member and the at least a sill in order to create a space.
  • the space creates a shadow effect with tends to more greatly hide the first member with respect to the sill destined to remain in view;
  • the sill or sills made of wood or another material, have an aesthetic appeal which is certainly greater than the first member (for example a Celenit @) panel), and thanks to the space the sills can be made to stand out with respect to the first member.
  • the use of spacers to create a space can present a further advantage.
  • the special reciprocal conformation and arrangement of the spacer, the first member and the sill to create the space can overall increase sound absorption with respect to only the use of the first sound-absorbing member.
  • a cavity resonance is created in the space which dampens the sound waves.
  • one or more sound-absorbent panels can be inserted in the area identified by the space, in order further to increase sound absorbency; by way of example, these additional panels can be chosen to effectively filter a specific range of frequencies and thus function as filters. These panels can be glazed or can have a suitable colour so as not to negatively affect the aesthetic appeal of the modular structure in the side destined to remain in view.
  • the at least two support beams of the frame can be arranged such as to form respective lateral opposite sides of the modular structure and means can be provided for fastening each support beam to the modular structure with a support beam of an adjacent modular structure.
  • This enables a join to be made between contiguous modular structures to form a flooring or cladding.
  • the mutual fastening of adjacent modular structures by means of, for example, male-female couplings, advantageously prevents any need for use of bracing structures.
  • 1 denotes in its entirety the modular structure of the invention
  • 2 denotes a framework, which is in the illustrated embodiment composed of four support beams 31, 32, 33, 34 which are parallel and distanced from one another by small cross-beams 4.
  • the cross-beams 4 are arranged, with respect to the support beams 31, 32, 33, 34 in such a way as not to interfere with the following assembly stages of the modular structure 1 which will be described herein below: the cross-beams 4, for example, are mounted at the ends of the support beams 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • One of the two external support beams 34 affords a longitudinal groove 66 on the external surface 5 thereof ( figure 3 ) at about halfway in the thickness of the beam, which groove 66 develops, for example, over the whole length of the support beam 34; further the external support beam 34 affords two recesses 6, 7 ( figure 1 ) in the external surface 5, which recesses 6, 7 are of predetermined dimensions such as ideally to divide the external support beam 34 into three segments which are substantially of the same length.
  • the other external support beam 31 affords, at about halfway in the thickness of the beam, a longitudinal projection 8 which develops, for example, over the whole length of the support beam 31; further, the external support beam 31 affords two recesses 6, 7 of predetermined dimensions in the external surface 5 such as ideally to divide the external support beam 31 into three segments which are substantially of a same length.
  • the longitudinal groove 66 of the external beam 34 and the longitudinal projection 8 of the external beam 31 exhibit complementary profiles; in this way a mechanical coupling of beams of contiguous modular structure cladding beams is made possible, as can be seen in figure 8 .
  • a like coupling prevents two modular contiguous cladding structures from being arranged staggered to one another in height, i.e. with respect to a perpendicular direction to the planar development thereof.
  • 9 denotes sound-absorbent panels having defined fire resistance and reaction properties; the panels 9 are destined to be rested on a side of the frame 2 and possibly glued or nailed thereto in order to stabilise the positions thereof before being blocked against the beams 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the panels 9 are for example Celenit ® panels.
  • reinforcing sills 10 are comprised, to be fixed laterally to the whole group of panels 9 located in contact with one another on the frame 2.
  • a plurality of sills 11, regularly distanced parallel to one another, are included to be fixed to the frame 2, in particular to the beams 31, 32, 33, 34, in order to block the panels 9 stably against the beams 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the sills 11 are arranged at a ninety-degree angle with respect to the beams 31, 32, 33, 34; in this way each sill 11 can be fixed, for example using nails 13, to each beam 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • Longitudinal spacers 12 are fixed between the sills 11 and the panels 9, which spacers 12 are destined to be arranged aligned with respect to the development of the beams 31, 32, 33, 34; in other words, the spacers 12 are perpendicular to the sills 11 and parallel to and superposed on the support beams 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the presence of the spacers 12 creates an air space between the sills 11 and the panels 9; this forms a resonance cavity which functions as a trap for the sound waves, which once having reached the space remain trapped and progressively diminish during reflection thereof between the walls of the panels 9 and the surfaces of the sills 11 which face the panels 9.
  • the presence of the spacers 12 also has the advantageous effect of reducing the aesthetic impact of the panels 9, creating zones of shadow and thus facilitating the advantageous appearance of the sills 11 destined to remain in view.
  • each nail 13 is applied in such a way as to perforate, in order, a sill 11, a spacer 12, a panel 9 and a beam 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the positioning of the nails 13 therefore ideally follows the development of the spacers 12.
  • the heads of the nails 13 can thus run along the surface of the sills 11 destined to remain in view; the traces of the presence of the nail 13 are invisible if the flooring cladding is destined to be arranged at a sufficient height from the underlying floor.
  • the sills 11 can be fixed to the spacers 12 by nails 130 of a suitable length, such that each nail 130 perforates, in order, a spacer 12 and a sill 11 without exiting from the sill 11. Thereafter it is necessary to fix the assembly formed by the sills 11 and the spacers 12 to the frame by means of further nails 13; for this, each nail 13 is destined to perforate, in order, a spacer 12, a panel 9 and a beam 31, 32, 33, 34. In this case it is the sill 11- spacer 12 assembly which blocks the panels 9 against the frame 2.
  • the nails 130 are not visible, while only the heads of the nails 13 applied on the spacers 12 are visible in the space between a sill 11 and another.
  • Using the fixing system of the described embodiment is particularly advantageous in aesthetic terms if the modular structures 1 are destined to form a flooring or cladding of a limited height with respect to the underlying floor.
  • the heat-insulating panels 14 denotes a plurality of heat-insulating panels destined to be inserted between pairs of beams 31 and 32, 33 and 34, preferably on an opposite side to the side where the sills 11 are destined to be applied.
  • the heat-insulating panels 14 can be fixed by known means (for example: nailing or gluing) to the frame 2 or to the sound-absorbent panels 9, or can simply be rested on them ( figure 2 ) or be inserted by friction fitting between the sound-absorbent panels 9.
  • Each heat-insulating panel 14 is of such a size as to fit snugly between the beams 31, 32, 33 and 34 between which it is fitted (or, as mentioned, to constitute a friction fit).
  • the bearing panel 15 denotes a bearing panel made of wood or another material (for example, plywood or wood fibre), destined to be fixed to the frame 2 and to constitute together with the frame the structural part of the modular cladding structure 1 of the present invention.
  • the bearing panel 15 is of a substantially identical size as the panels of the frame 2 and is fixed thereto using known methods (for example by nailing or gluing).
  • the modular cladding structure 1 thus defined and illustrated in the exploded view of figure 1 can be assembled by means of an industrial process using automatic machines.
  • the sound-absorbent and fire-retardant panels 9, as well as the longitudinal spacers 12, are preferably secured in position before the arrangement and the fixture of the sills 11 to the frame 2; however, this stage of securing could be done without.
  • the heat-insulation panels 14 too can be rested on the modular structure 1 in formation (for example on the sound-absorbent and fire-retardant panels) without being solidly constrained to the modular structure 1 by nailing or gluing: by way of example, they can be of such a size as to insert between pairs of beams 31 and 32, 32 and 33, 33 and 34 by slight friction-coupling.
  • the heat-insulating panels 14 are packed internally of the frame 2 structure as they are interposed between the sound-absorbent and fire-retardant panels 9 and the bearing panel 15; once the modular cladding structure 1 is installed as an integrated part of a cladding flooring, for example, the heat-insulating panels 14 are stably resting by force of gravity on the sound-absorbent and fire-retardant panels 9.
  • the method for realising a modular cladding structure 1 of the embodiment of figure 4A comprises stages (of which only some are specifically illustrated in the drawings as they are identical to the steps of the main embodiment, i.e. stages a), b), c), and stages h), i), j), k), l)) of:
  • stages d1, e1, f1 can alternatively be performed before stages a, b, c.
  • Figure 6 shows a portion of a cladding flooring 17 obtained by mutually coupling different modular cladding structures 1: the modular structures 1 are arranged resting on sheet-type main beams 18 (as previously mentioned, the main beams 18 form the primary framework) and thereafter are fixed to the main beams 18 using substantially known methods to the expert in the sector.
  • the broken line denoted by reference K indicates the dimensional reach of a modular cladding structure 1 of the invention.
  • figure 6 does not show the spacers 12, for the sake of simplicity; however, the spacers 12 and the sound-absorbent and fire-retardant panels 9 can be indistinguishable to the naked eye if painted a same colour (for example a dark colour such as black) and if the cladding flooring 17 is arranged at a sufficient height from the underlying flooring.
  • the classing flooring 17 advantageously has, on the visible side thereof, a pleasantly rustic appearance, with main beams 18 and sills 11 made, for example, of wood.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Modulare Verkleidungsstruktur zur Verwendung in Geschossdecken bzw. -böden oder Verkleidungen, Folgendes beinhaltend:
    einen Rahmen (2), der mindestens zwei Trägerbalken (31, 32, 33, 34) beinhaltet;
    mindestens ein erstes Element (9) mit bestimmten feuerhemmenden Eigenschaften;
    und mindestens eine Leiste (11), die an dem Rahmen (2) festgelegt werden kann, um das zumindest eine erste Element (9) gegen den Rahmen (2) festzuspannen;
    wobei das erste Element eine erste Platte ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    die genannte Struktur zumindest einen Abstandhalter (12) beinhaltet, der zwischen der zumindest einen ersten Platte (9) und der zumindest einen Leiste (11) angeordnet ist, um einen Zwischenraum zu erzeugen;
    die zumindest eine erste Platte (9) schalldämmend ist und der zumindest eine Abstandhalter (12), die zumindest eine erste Platte (9) und die zumindest eine Leiste (11) derart geformt und relativ zueinander angeordnet sind, dass sie die Schallabsorption verstärken, wobei das Vorhandensein der Abstandhalter (12) einen Luftraum zwischen den Leisten (11) und den Platten (9) bildet, so dass ein Resonanzraum entsteht.
  2. Modulare Struktur nach Anspruch 1, worin die zumindest eine Leiste (11) winklig relativ zu den zumindest zwei Trägerbalken (31, 32, 33, 34) angeordnet ist, damit sie an beiden der zumindest zwei Trägerbalken (31, 32, 33, 34) festgelegt werden kann.
  3. Modulare Struktur nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, die ferner zumindest eine zweite Platte (14) beinhaltet, die wärmedämmend ist und an der modularen Struktur festgelegt werden kann.
  4. Modulare Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, zumindest eine Trägerplatte (15) beinhaltend, die an dem Rahmen (2) auf einer Seite des Rahmens (2) befestigt werden kann, die gegenüber der Seite des Rahmes (2) liegt, an der die zumindest eine Leiste (11) an dem Rahmen (2) befestigt ist.
  5. Modulare Struktur nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die zumindest zwei Trägerbalken (31, 32, 33, 34) des Rahmens (2) derart angeordnet sind, dass sie jeweils einander gegenüberliegende Seitenkanten der modularen Struktur (1) bilden und worin Mittel (6, 7, 66, 8) zur Befestigung jedes Trägerbalkens (31, 32, 33, 34) der modularen Struktur (1) an einen Trägerbalken (31, 32, 33, 34) einer daran angrenzenden modularen Struktur (1) vorgesehen sind.
  6. Geschossdeckenverkleidung, beinhaltend mehrere modulare Verkleidungsstrukturen (1) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, worin die modularen Verkleidungsstrukturen (1) miteinander verbunden sind.
EP20100151766 2009-01-30 2010-01-27 Modulare Verkleidung und Verfahren zur Durchführung davon Not-in-force EP2213807B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO2009A000042A IT1395566B1 (it) 2009-01-30 2009-01-30 Struttura modulare di copertura per l'impiego in solai e coperture e metodo per la sua realizzazione

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2213807A1 EP2213807A1 (de) 2010-08-04
EP2213807B1 true EP2213807B1 (de) 2015-01-14

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EP20100151766 Not-in-force EP2213807B1 (de) 2009-01-30 2010-01-27 Modulare Verkleidung und Verfahren zur Durchführung davon

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2213807B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1395566B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1197576A (en) * 1967-11-12 1970-07-08 Richard Thomas & Baldwins Ltd Improvements relating to Floor Decks
CH520843A (fr) * 1969-08-12 1972-03-31 Entrepose Plancher métallique
GB2440936B (en) * 2006-08-17 2011-02-16 Maca R & D Ltd A composite floor and ceiling assembly

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Publication number Publication date
ITBO20090042A1 (it) 2010-07-31
IT1395566B1 (it) 2012-10-16
EP2213807A1 (de) 2010-08-04

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