Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
  • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
  • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
  • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
  • F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
  • F21W2111/06—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for aircraft runways or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
  • F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
  • F21W2131/105—Outdoor lighting of arenas or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
  • F21W2131/107—Outdoor lighting of the exterior of buildings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
  • F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel headlamp lens and a thus equipped, energy-saving lamp with a defined, rectangular light field, as well as their use for predominantly professional, in particular large-scale, lighting purposes.
• Numerous lighting systems for large-area lighting purposes are known in the prior art. Consider, for example, the illumination of ski slopes, football stadiums, streets and tunnels, billboards, exterior facades of buildings, etc.
• the present invention now provides a lighting system available, which thanks to sophisticated lens optics and a suitable reflector drastically reduces the amount of scattered light.
• the invention therefore relates in a first embodiment to a headlight lens in the form of a circular disk, which is suitable for generating a rectangular light field on a flat surface. It has a first side to be turned towards a light source, subsequently the light entry side, with associated surface structure, and a second side opposite the light entry side, hereinafter referred to as light exit side, likewise with an associated surface structure.
• a headlight lens in the form of a circular disk, which is suitable for generating a rectangular light field on a flat surface. It has a first side to be turned towards a light source, subsequently the light entry side, with associated surface structure, and a second side opposite the light entry side, hereinafter referred to as light exit side, likewise with an associated surface structure.
• light exit side likewise with an associated surface structure.
• a) light-entry side a central, circular-shaped portion having a surface structure of a plurality of elongated, parallel to each other, the entire available available circular surface spanning prisms with approximately triangular cross-section and intervening, approximately U-shaped troughs;
• Cutline have their thinnest point and from there in the centrifugal direction thicker, so that their flat surfaces are inclined planes that rise toward the edge of the lens;
• the light-entry side, the elongated, jalousine-like bulges of the annular portion opposite the elongated prisms of the circular-shaped portion on the same side are rotated by an angle of 90 degrees, wherein also the light exit side, the imaginary cutting line or the band-shaped lens section between the semicircular surface-shaped section halves in the same direction as the elongated prisms of the annular portion on this side, and wherein the elongated prisms on the light entrance side and those on the light exit side are arranged to extend in the same direction.
• prisms having a triangular or approximately triangular cross-section also include those whose free edge, which points away from the lens surface, is rounded.
• the invention relates to such a lens, in which the peripheral, annular edge zone has a thickness which is sufficient to project beyond all surface structures arranged within the edge zone.
• this thickened edge zone can act as a mounting base for a planar protective cover for the lens, which can prevent contamination or damage to the lens.
• the lens according to the invention has elongate prisms on the light entry side and elongated convex curvatures on 14, and elongate prisms on the light exit side.
• the number of prisms and / or bulges may vary, as well as the steepness of the prisms and / or the strength and width of the convex curvatures.
• the lens according to the invention typically consists of an impact- and scratch-resistant, transparent, colorless plastic, in particular of polycarbonate (PC), but can in principle also consist of glass, in particular tempered glass.
• PC polycarbonate
• the invention also relates to a luminaire which is equipped with such a lens, for example a lamp with a luminous means, a housing, a reflector and the lens, wherein the reflector is rotationally symmetrical about its longitudinal axis and in the axial direction
• the section of the reflector closest to the illuminant has the shape of a paraboloid of revolution with an opening at the apex, while the two adjoining sections are each conical in shape to the lens have flared truncated cone, wherein the outer portion has a relation to the preceding, middle section greater slope and optionally may be formed in a cylindrical shape.
• the opening at the apex of the first reflector portion is dimensioned with respect to its diameter so as to allow the passage of a luminous means, in particular a discharge lamp, a lamp socket or cables for power supply.
• the reflector is made of light metal, in particular of aluminum, and has in the first two sections a highly polished or mirrored and in the outer, third, conical or cylindrical see section a roughened inner surface, which causes this part of the reflector no makes optical contribution to the diffraction and / or refraction of the light rays and should not even afford.
• it serves more as a kind of buffer zone, within which the lens position along the longitudinal axis of the reflector (focal line) can be slightly varied.
• the lens may be releasably secured to the lamp housing and optionally rotatably mounted in the lamp housing.
• the invention further relates to the use of a lens according to any one of claims 1 to 4, for generating a rectangular light field.
• the invention further relates to the use of such a luminaire for illuminating large areas such as public spaces, recreation parks, sports fields, football stadiums, ski slopes, sports and industrial halls, car parks, car parks, traffic areas of all kinds, tunnels, building facades, airports, seaports, military areas, Billboards, or exterior facades of buildings.
• the luminaire according to the invention can also be used as a component of optical presentation systems such as projectors and beamers, as a photo light, or as a special luminaire in medical facilities, in particular as surgical or dental lighting, or in museums for illuminating paintings and other exhibits.
• Fig. 1 shows the light exit side of the inventive lens of FIG. 2 in an oblique view.
• Fig. 2 shows the complete lens in a horizontal frontal view.
• Fig. 3 shows the light entrance side of the lens of Figure 2 in an oblique view.
• Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of the light cone and thus the illuminable surface of a conventional street lamp with a 120-degree optics over a novel luminaire with 160-degree optics, when installed at a height of 9m above ground.
• Fig. 6 shows the light exit side of a variant of an inventive lens in an oblique view.
• 7A, 7B show cross sections of the lens variant along the section line A - A, wherein FIG. 7B shows the dimensioning.
• FIG. 8 shows the light entry side of the lens variant from FIG. 7A in an oblique view.
• FIGS. 9A, 9B show cross-sections of the lens variant from FIG. 7A in an oblique view: FIG. 9A in full representation, FIG. 9B in a wire representation.
• FIG. 10 shows the horizontal frontal view of the lens from FIG. 2 in a somewhat enlarged representation and with dimensions.
• a primary purpose of the luminaire according to the invention is to diffract and concentrate the light beams emitted by a light source in such a way that a rectangular light field can be generated on an opposite, planar surface with a round spotlight cone.
• Their main advantage is that the scattered light component and thus the unwanted loss of light, typically less than 10%, so that at least 90% of the remaining, emerging from the lens light are radiated to the target to be illuminated in the form of a rectangular light field.
• the invention is further characterized by the fact that the light field generated, starting from the bright center, loses light intensity only slightly in the direction of the edge and only has a significantly lower light intensity deviating therefrom in the edge region itself.
• This makes it possible to achieve a continuous band of light of approximately constant brightness if the luminaires according to the invention are placed next to one another in such a way that the edge regions of the radiated light fields overlap one another.
• the number of luminaires can be reduced, which in particular significantly reduces maintenance costs, electricity costs, infrastructure and assembly costs. Due to the precise light distribution almost no waste light and only a very small side glare. This helps to increase the lighting efficiency and reduce the wattage so that you can create a very bright light field even with relatively weak bulbs.
• the luminaire 1 shown schematically in FIG. 4 with a light source 2, a lamp housing 3, a reflector 4 and a round lens system 5.
• the light yield is significantly influenced by the geometry and surface finish of the mirrored reflector, while for the luminous effect primarily the geometry of the lens is crucial.
• the lens 5, 5a according to the invention which has a circular shape, has a different surface geometry at the light entry side 51, 51a than at the light exit side 52.
• the light entry side here means the side of the lens which, when the lens is installed in the luminaire according to the invention, faces the light source or the illuminant.
• the light exit side is therefore to be understood as meaning the opposite side of the lens, that is to say that side which, when the lens is installed in the luminaire according to the invention, faces the object to be illuminated.
• the lens 5, 5a contains at the edge of an annular rim zone 53 without special surface structure.
• An annular section 51 1 which has a surface structure of mutually parallel rows of elongated, bead-like elevations or bulges, adjoins this edge zone in the direction of the lens center on the light entry side 51, 51 a, the convexities being convex in nature and transverse extend to the longitudinal axis of the respective elongated surveys.
• the thus convexly curved, elongated elevations or vaults are similar in plan view of the shape of a blind with convexly curved plastic slats in maximum closing or shading position.
• annular section 521 On the light exit side 52, 52 a of the lens adjoins the outer edge zone 53 is an annular section 521 having a surface structure of mutually parallel rows of likewise elongated, tapered prisms with a triangular cross-section, followed by a central, circular-shaped section smooth surface. It consists of two halves of equal size, which seamlessly merge into one another at an imaginary cutting line 524 running centrally through the circular area, where they have their smallest thickness.
• the cutting line is present in a widened form as a band-shaped portion, which separates the two semicircular-shaped sections from each other and at the same time with each other.
• the two circular surface halves are arranged so that the imaginary cutting line or the band-shaped lens section run parallel to the prism rows on the same side.
• the flat surfaces of these two semicircular surface-shaped lens sections 522, 523, 522a, 523a are not in the central lens plane o- parallel to this, but rise in the form of slant planes in the centrifugal direction, ie in a direction perpendicular to the imaginary cutting line, since the both sections 522, 523, 522a, 523a become thicker towards the edge and assume a wedge-shaped form.
• planar, non-curved surfaces of the two semicircular-shaped lens sections 522, 523 form an outwardly opening, obtuse angle with respect to the lens plane, so that the circular lens section appears to have a kink from the side.
• two kinks result in this approach.
• the parallel rows of the convex curvatures of the section 51 1 are twisted at an angle of 90 degrees to the parallel Lel rows of elongated prisms of the section 512 arranged on the same lens side.
• the prism rows have the same orientation on the light entry side and the light exit side (see cross sections in FIGS. 9A and 9B).
• the reflector 4 is rotationally symmetrical about its longitudinal axis and constructed in the axial direction of three sections 41, 42, 43 of different geometry. As a result, a large part of the light emitted by the light source within the reflector in lateral directions is conducted to the lens.
• the reflector is configured such that the portion 41 closest to the light source has the shape of a paraboloid of revolution and has an opening at the apex, while the adjoining central portion 42 and also the subsequent outer portion 43 are outwardly outward ie have in the direction of the lens, conically flared truncated cone, however, wherein the outer portion 43 has a steeper conical shape than the middle.
• this outer portion may take the form of a cylinder.
• the opening at the apex of the reflector is typically dimensioned so that the passage of a light source, such as a high-pressure discharge lamp, a lamp socket, or cables for power supply is possible.
• a light source such as a high-pressure discharge lamp, a lamp socket, or cables for power supply is possible.
• the reflector 4 is also typically made of light metal, in particular of aluminum, and has a highly polished or mirrored in the inner portions 41 and 42 and a roughened inner surface in the outer portion 43.
• the roughened surface of the outer portion prevents this reflector portion from providing an optical contribution to the reflection and / or diffraction of the light emitted by the illuminant.
• the middle section is quite different: it is also conical, but with a flatter conical shape, and has as its function the task of diffracting and total reflecting the lens, which acts as a diffuser, on the lens. Menschn directed back into the reflector light of the lens to re-supply, so that the bundled by the paraboloid part of the reflector at the focal point in the lens plane light is distributed to the largest possible focal surface before it leaves the lens.
• the focal surface lies exactly in the lens plane.
• This lens geometry in conjunction with the specially matched reflector also causes as much light as possible to leave the lens via targeted internal total reflection in the lens optics, and not just by material-dependent diffraction. This makes it possible to uniformly distribute the light intensity of the emitted light over a larger area of the light field.
• the lens 5 is movable, i. rotatably mounted on the lamp housing 3, so that the light field can also rotate by simply rotating the lens in the lens plane.
• the lens itself is preferably made of a suitable impact- and scratch-resistant, transparent, colorless plastic, such as e.g. Made of polycarbonate, o- possibly from tempered glass, so it does not require any special protection against mechanical damage per se. Nevertheless, it may be advantageous for some purposes to pre-switch the lens still a flat protective glass, for example, to prevent soiling or damage to the lens optics and to facilitate cleaning the light. This is particularly well possible in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 with thickened edge zone 53.
• a rectangular field of 35 ⁇ 10 m can be illuminated almost uniformly, with it does not need 300 watts as with conventional lights but only a maximum of 30-60 watts.
• FIG 5 illustrates The difference between the area illuminated by a standard street lamp with a 120-degree optic and the area illuminated by a 160-degree optic according to the invention when the luminaire is mounted at a height of 9 m above ground (eg roadway) is shown in FIG 5 illustrates.
• the values given there are to be regarded as approximations and may deviate by about 10%.
• light angles of 1 60 ° even with the optics according to the invention, are no longer to be produced in the same quality and economy as light angles of 130 degrees and below.
• the light angles which can preferably be generated with the optics according to the invention are in the range from 30 to 130 degrees, in particular from 60 to 120 degrees.
• the entire lens optics, including reflector, can be incorporated into various types of housing, e.g. into the lamp housings of flood lights, street lights and special lights of all kinds.
• the luminaire according to the invention is particularly suitable for illuminating large areas, e.g. public spaces, recreational parks, sports fields, football stadiums, ski slopes, sports and industrial halls, car parks, parking garages, traffic areas of all kinds, tunnels, airports, seaports, military areas, billboards, exterior facades of buildings, etc. It can also be part of optical presentation systems such as Be projectors and projectors. It can also be used as a photo light for professional photographers or as a special luminaire in medical facilities, such as surgical or dental lighting, or in museums for uniform illumination of paintings and other exhibits.
• Example 1 An object of the invention is to illuminate very large areas with a very low power consumption. Savings of up to 80% compared to conventional luminaires with metal halide, mercury, sodium high pressure or sodium low pressure lamps are possible with the luminaire according to the invention.
• the lens is preferably made of PC (polycarbonate), but may also consist of glass or other transparent, translucent materials, in which case, however, the lens geometry is to be adapted to the light refractive indices changed relative to the PC.
• PC polycarbonate
• the lens optics using the example of a typical luminaire according to the invention with a scattering angle of 60 ° x 130 ° is shown in Figures 1 - 3 and 10.
• the lens 5, 5a has an overall diameter of 190 mm (distance k in FIGS. 7B and 10), the structured-surface lens part occupying only 180 mm (FIGS. 7B, 10, distance i). The remainder corresponds to the edge zone 53 in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, which consequently has a width of 5 mm.
• the inner lens array consisting of the light entrance side portion 512 and the light exit side portion 522 and 523 and 522a and 523a, has a diameter of 120 mm (distance h), but may vary slightly depending on the desired scattering angle.
• the outer annular lens array consisting of the sections 51 1 (light entrance side) and 521 (light exit side), a width of 30 mm, but may also vary depending on the variation of the inner lens array.
• the maximum thickness of the lens measured from the prism tip or prism edge on the light entry side to the prism tip or prism edge on the light exit side, is 10.7 mm (FIG. 10, distance m) to 12 mm (FIG. 7B, distance M), the thickness of the marginal annular region 53 is 3.8 mm ( Figure 10, distance n) to 9.5mm ( Figure 7B, distance N).
• the inner lens array 512 has exactly 23 parallel prism rows on the light entry side, while the outer annular lens array 521 has exactly 38 parallel prism rows on the light exit side.
• the lens of the annular portion 51 1 on the light entrance side has a surface structure of exactly 14 rows arranged parallel to each other from transversely to its longitudinal axis convexly curved, elongated, louver-like vaults.
• the associated reflector has at its open end, i. at the outer end A of the reflector portion 43, an adapted to the lens diameter inside diameter of 190 mm (distance a in Fig. 4B) and at the end B of the portion 42 such of 182 mm (distance b).
• the opening at the vertex C of the reflector has a diameter of 30 mm (distance c).
• the total length of the reflector expressed by the length of its longitudinal axis or focal line passing through the focal point, is 130 mm (distance d) from the vertex C to the intersection of the focal line with the plane A at the end of the outer reflector section 43.
• the distance from the vertex C to the center D of the light source 2 is 31 mm (distance e), the distance from the vertex C to the intersection of the focal line with the plane B at the end of the central reflector portion 42 is 94.5 mm (distance f), and the distance from the center D of the light source to the intersection of the focal line with the plane A at the end of the outer reflector portion 43 is 91 mm (distance g).
• the desired light distribution is created by an interaction of the two lens sides, additionally supported by the reflector, whose dimensions can also vary slightly.
• the lens optic according to the invention is intended above all for the use of high-pressure discharge lamps, in particular of commercial CDM and CPO lamps, but can in principle also be combined with other lamps.
• the lens described above produces a rectangular light image with a scattering angle of about 130 ° x 60 ° at an angle of inclination of 90 ° to the illuminated flat surface. This corresponds to an effective light field of approx. 32m x 10m with a light point height of 10m.
• Lens variations with slightly modified lens patterns serve to achieve other light scattering angles, such as listed in Table 1 below. To achieve these effects, the angles of the prism-like elevations and the diameter and the inclination of the individual lens elements, and optionally the The width and thickness of the curvature of the convex, bead-like bulges varies.
• FIGS. 6 to 9 show a lens variant with a thicker edge region 53a, which projects beyond the edges of the prism on the light exit side, so as to enable, for example, the attachment of a transparent, planar protective cover directly on the lens.
• the two oblique halves 522a and 523a of the light exit side, inner lens array - unlike the previously described embodiment - do not directly adjoin one another via an imaginary cutting line 524, but they are planned by a rectangular appearance in plan view Lens part 524a separated from each other.
• the structures of this lens variant 5a are also clearly visible from the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 7A, 7B, 9A and 9B.
• the number of rows of prisms light entrance side 23, light exit side 38 and the number of light entrance side convex curvatures 14.
• the two circular surface halves are arranged so that the between them, rectangular, plane lens portion 524 a with its longitudinal sides parallel to the prism rows of extends to the circular surface subsequent annular portion of the same lens side.
• the lenses according to the invention are made in one piece, irrespective of their lens geometry, ie they are not glued together from individual lens parts, but rather from a cast, produced by means of corresponding casting molds.
• the general reflector geometry described above can be left unchanged for all lens variations.
• the reflector length may vary by up to 14 mm when using the lens size specified above.
• Table 1 Side length of the light field in [m] as a function of the scattering angle and the distance of the luminaire from the illuminated surface. Table 1
• lens variations of 30 ° x 60 °, 60 ° x 90 °, 60 ° x 130 °, 60 ° x 150 °, 40 ° x 130 ° or 40 ° x 150 ° produce.
• Table 1 For the light fixture described in this example according to the invention at a light scattering angle of 60 x 90 degrees and a mounting of the lamp in 10 m height, a rectangular light field of about 1 1 .5 m width and 20 m in length, corresponding to an area of approximately 230 m 2 , illuminated.
• high-pressure discharge lamps with a power of 250 W can be replaced by those with a power of only 70 W or optionally even 35 W with equally good visibility of the illuminated object.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-09-17 US US12/678,600 patent/US20100284191A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-09-17 AT AT08802295T patent/ATE513164T1/de active
  • 2008-09-17 WO PCT/EP2008/007770 patent/WO2009036964A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-09-17 EP EP08802295A patent/EP2201291B1/fr not_active Not-in-force

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