EP2198130B1 - Device for variably adjusting the control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Device for variably adjusting the control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2198130B1 EP2198130B1 EP08786762A EP08786762A EP2198130B1 EP 2198130 B1 EP2198130 B1 EP 2198130B1 EP 08786762 A EP08786762 A EP 08786762A EP 08786762 A EP08786762 A EP 08786762A EP 2198130 B1 EP2198130 B1 EP 2198130B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- pressure medium
- accumulator
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
- F01L2001/34446—Fluid accumulators for the feeding circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/3445—Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
- F01L2001/34453—Locking means between driving and driven members
- F01L2001/34459—Locking in multiple positions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
- F01L2800/04—Timing control at idling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/01—Absolute values
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for variably setting the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine having a drive element, an output element, at least one pressure chamber, a pressure medium system and a pressure accumulator, wherein the pressure chamber and the pressure accumulator communicate with the pressure medium system, wherein a phase position between the output element and the Drive element by pressure medium supply to or pressure fluid removal from the pressure chamber via the pressure medium system is changeable.
- the device In modern internal combustion engines devices for variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves are used to make the phase relation between the crankshaft and the camshaft in a defined angular range, between a maximum early and a maximum late position variable.
- the device is integrated into a drive train, via which torque is transmitted from the crankshaft to the camshaft.
- This drive train can be realized for example as a belt, chain or gear drive.
- Such a device is for example from the EP 1 025 343 B1 known.
- the device comprises two mutually rotatable rotors, wherein an outer rotor is in driving connection with the crankshaft and the Internal rotor rotatably connected to the camshaft.
- the device comprises a plurality of pressure chambers, wherein each of the pressure chambers is subdivided by means of a wing into two counteracting pressure chambers. By supplying pressure medium to or pressure fluid removal from the pressure chambers, the wings are moved within the pressure chambers, whereby a targeted rotation of the rotors to each other and thus the camshaft is caused to the crankshaft.
- the pressure medium inflow to, or the pressure outflow from the pressure chambers is controlled by means of a pressure medium system comprising a pressure medium pump, a tank, a control valve, and a plurality of pressure medium lines.
- a pressure medium line connects the pressure medium pump with the control valve.
- a pressure medium line connects one of the working ports of the control valve with the pressure chambers.
- the pressure in the pressure medium system must exceed a certain value in each operating phase of the internal combustion engine. This is critical especially in the idling phases of the internal combustion engine, since the pressure medium pump is driven by the crankshaft and thus the system pressure increases with the speed of the internal combustion engine.
- the system pressure provided by the pressure medium pump is further dependent on the pressure medium temperature, wherein the system pressure decreases with increasing temperature.
- the pressure medium pump must be designed such that it provides sufficient system pressure under the most unfavorable conditions in order to ensure an adjustment of the phase position of the inner rotor to the outer rotor.
- This adjustment which is to take place solely by the pressure medium stored in the pressure accumulator, requires a high pressure in the pressure accumulator.
- the accumulator is thus designed so that the pressure at which the pressure accumulator is completely filled, is well above the pressure prevailing when idling the internal combustion engine in the pressure medium system. If the speed of the internal combustion engine drops, the accumulator expands before the idling speed is reached. Thus, the available pressure medium volume that can be retrieved in idle phases, too low to ensure an adjustment in these phases.
- the US 5,775,279 A discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention has for its object to provide a device for variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, with a functionally reliable, rapid adjustment of the timing should be ensured in each phase of the engine without having to size the pressure medium pump of the engine larger.
- the pressure accumulator designed such that its minimum filling pressure is less than the pressure within the pressure fluid system at idle speed of the internal combustion engine.
- the minimum filling pressure is to be understood as the system pressure at which the pressure medium volume within the pressure reservoir is at its maximum reached. At the pressure within the pressure medium system at idling speed of the internal combustion engine is to be turned off on the pressure prevailing when the internal combustion engine has reached operating temperature.
- the device is for example, as in the prior art, in the form of a negotiategelradverstellers and has a drive element (outer rotor), which is driven for example by means of a Switzerlandstoff- or gear drive from a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, an output element (inner rotor) is provided, which has a constant phase position to a camshaft, for example by means of a frictional, cohesive or cohesive connection or screw rotatably connected thereto.
- a plurality of pressure chambers are formed, which are divided by a respective wing in two counteracting pressure chambers.
- the wings are connected to the output element or the drive element.
- the pressure chambers can be connected by means of a control valve with a pressure medium pump or a tank. By supplying pressure medium to or pressure fluid removal from the pressure chambers, the wings are moved within the pressure chambers, whereby the relative phase position of the output element to the drive element and thus the camshaft can be adjusted to the crankshaft changeable.
- a device for example devices in Axialverstellerbauweise, in which an axially displaceable by pressure medium piston cooperates by means of helical gears with the output element and the drive element. Also conceivable is an embodiment in which only one of the mutually acting pressure chambers is acted upon by pressure medium, while an adjustment of the phase position in the other direction is effected by means of one or more spring elements.
- the device has a locking mechanism which allows a mechanical, for example positive, coupling of the output element to the drive element.
- the locking mechanism may consist of one or more rotational angle limiting devices.
- the rotation angle limiting devices can assume a locked state in which the possible phase angles of the output element to the drive element are limited to an angular interval which is smaller than the maximum permitted by the device angular interval.
- the rotation angle limiting device restrict the permitted phase range to a defined angular interval or a defined (gap-laden) angle. By pressurizing the rotational angle limiting devices, these can be converted into an unlocked state, in which the device has its entire angular interval available.
- a conceivable embodiment of a rotation angle limiting device consists of an engagement element, for example a pin or a plate, and a receptacle for the engagement element.
- the receptacle can be designed, for example, as a long groove along a section of a circular line or as a recess which is adapted to the engagement element.
- an embodiment in the form of a stepped link in which a recess adapted to the engagement element is additionally formed within a slot.
- the recording of the rotation angle limiting device can be acted upon via a control line, for example with one of the pressure chambers or via the control valve and additional pressure medium lines with pressure medium.
- an accumulator which communicates with the hydraulic fluid system in particular one of the pressure medium line.
- the pressure accumulator can open into a pressure medium line which connects the pressure medium pump with the control valve or the control valve with the pressure chambers.
- the pressure accumulator can be designed, for example, as a spring accumulator, piston accumulator, diaphragm accumulator, bladder accumulator or disc spring accumulator.
- the response pressure of the pressure accumulator pressure at which the filling of the pressure accumulator begins
- pressure at which the filling of the pressure accumulator begins is selected to be smaller than the pressure within the pressure fluid system at idling speed of the internal combustion engine
- a filling of the pressure accumulator takes place during operation of the internal combustion engine.
- the minimum filling pressure of the accumulator also chosen smaller than the System pressure at idle speed, so the accumulator is completely filled even at idle speed with pressure medium.
- the system pressure of the pressure medium system drops below the minimum filling pressure and the pressure accumulator begins to empty.
- the pressure level in the fluid system of the device is maintained at a higher pressure level and an additional amount of pressure medium is provided.
- the pressure medium pump can be designed such that its flow rate and delivery pressure at idle speed of the internal combustion engine in the presence of the operating temperature just sufficient to hold an angular position.
- the pressure accumulator supports the adjustment.
- the function of the device can be secured without having to interpret the pressure medium pump larger.
- the device has a rotation angle limiting device which has a receptacle and at least one force-loaded in the direction of recording engagement element, wherein the rotation angle limiting device in a locked state in which the engagement element engages in the receptacle, the phase position of the output element limited at least to an angular range relative to the drive element, wherein the rotational angle limiting device can be converted by pressurizing the recording in an unlocked state and wherein the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator is greater than the minimum response pressure of the rotational angle limiting device.
- the entire filling volume of the pressure accumulator is the system within a narrow pressure band below the pressure prevailing at idle the internal combustion engine, the pressure fluid system available.
- the pressure fluid system comprises a control valve, a pressure medium pump and a plurality of pressure medium lines, wherein the control valve has at least one inlet port and at least one working port, wherein a first pressure medium line connects the working port with the pressure chamber, wherein a further pressure medium line the Pressure medium pump connects to the inlet port and wherein the pressure accumulator upstream of the control valve opens into the further pressure medium line.
- the pressure accumulator communicates directly with the pressure medium pump in each operating phase of the internal combustion engine.
- adjustment requirements can be realized both in the direction of early and late control times. For this purpose, only the appropriate control position of the control valve must be set.
- a check valve is arranged, which allows only a pressure medium flow in the direction of the mouth position of the pressure accumulator at this point. This prevents that the pressure medium supplied by the pressure accumulator flows back to the pressure medium pump.
- the entire pressure medium volume of the pressure accumulator is available for phase adjustment.
- the pressure accumulator is arranged within a camshaft. This is particularly advantageous in applications where the camshaft is hollow.
- the pressure accumulator can be used without increasing the space requirement of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, this realizes a minimum distance between the pressure accumulator and the device and thus improves the response.
- the volume of the pressure accumulator corresponds at least to the volume that must be supplied to the device in order to allow an adjustment which corresponds to a maximum permissible phase difference at a constant speed. This ensures that during an adjustment at idle speed sufficient pressure medium for the adjustment is available.
- FIG. 1 an internal combustion engine 1 is sketched, wherein a seated on a crankshaft 2 piston 3 is indicated in a cylinder 4.
- the crankshaft 2 is in the illustrated embodiment via a respective traction drive 5 with an intake camshaft 6 and exhaust camshaft 7 in combination, with a first and a second device 10 for a relative rotation between the crankshaft 2 and the camshafts 6, 7 can provide.
- Cams 8 of the camshafts 6, 7 actuate one or more intake gas exchange valves 9a or one or more exhaust gas exchange valves 9b.
- it may be provided to equip only one of the camshafts 6, 7 with a device 10, or to provide only one camshaft 6, 7, which is provided with a device 10.
- FIGS. 2a and 2 B show a first embodiment of a device 10 according to the invention in longitudinal section and in a lateral plan view.
- the device 10 has a drive element designed as an outer rotor 22 and an output element designed as an inner rotor 23.
- the outer rotor 22 has a housing 22a and two side covers 24, 25 disposed on the axial side surfaces of the housing 22a.
- the inner rotor 23 is designed in the form of an impeller and has a substantially cylindrically designed hub member 26, from whose outer cylindrical lateral surface extend in the illustrated embodiment, five wings 27 in the radial direction to the outside.
- the vanes 27 are formed separately from the inner rotor 23 and arranged in vane grooves 28 formed on the hub member 26.
- the wings 27 are acted upon by means of winged springs 27a, which are arranged between the Nutgen the vane grooves 28 and the wings 27, radially outwardly with a force.
- a plurality of projections 30 extend radially inwardly.
- the projections 30 are formed integrally with the peripheral wall 29.
- the outer rotor 22 is mounted by means of radially inner circumferential walls of the projections 30 relative to the inner rotor 23 rotatably mounted on this.
- a sprocket 21 is arranged, by means of which, via a chain drive, not shown, torque can be transmitted from the crankshaft 2 to the outer rotor 22.
- each projection 30, is penetrated by a fastening element 32, for example a screw, which serves for the rotationally fixed fixing of the side covers 24, 25 on the housing 22a.
- a pressure space 33 is formed between each two circumferentially adjacent projections 30.
- Each of the pressure chambers 33 is circumferentially bounded by opposing, substantially radially extending boundary walls 34 of adjacent projections 30, in the axial direction of the side covers 24, 25, radially inwardly of the hub member 26 and radially outwardly of the peripheral wall 29.
- In each of the pressure chambers 33 projects a wing 27, wherein the wings 27 are formed such that they rest against both the side covers 24, 25, and on the peripheral wall 29.
- Each wing 27 thus divides the respective pressure chamber 33 into two oppositely acting pressure chambers 35, 36.
- the inner rotor 23 is rotatable in a defined Winkelbreich to the outer rotor 22.
- the angular range is limited in a direction of rotation of the inner rotor 23 in that the wings 27 come to rest on a respective boundary wall 34 (early stop 34a) of the pressure chambers 33.
- the angular range in the other direction of rotation is limited by the fact that the wings 27 come to rest on the other boundary walls 34 of the pressure chambers 33, which serve as a late stop 34b.
- the twist angle can be limited for example by means of a pin which engages in a groove.
- the phase angle of the outer rotor 22 to the inner rotor 23 can be varied.
- the phase position of the two rotors 22, 23 are kept constant to each other.
- it can be provided to pressurize none of the pressure chambers 35, 36 during phases of constant phase position with pressure medium.
- hydraulic pressure medium usually the lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine 1 is used.
- a pressure medium system 37 which comprises a pressure medium pump 38, a tank 39, a control valve 40 and a plurality of pressure medium lines 41a, b, p.
- the control valve 40 has an inlet connection P, a tank connection T and two working connections A, B.
- the first pressure medium line 41a connects the first working connection A with the first pressure chambers 35.
- the second pressure medium line 41b connects the second working connection B with the second pressure chambers 36.
- the third pressure medium line 41 p connects the pressure medium pump 38 with the inlet port P.
- the pressure medium lines 41 a, b extend in the inner rotor 23. These can, for example be formed as bores or radially extending grooves in the axial side surfaces.
- the pressure medium line 41 a, b additional hydraulic fluid paths which connect the control valve 40 with the formed on the inner rotor 23 holes or grooves.
- Pressure medium conveyed by the pressure medium pump 38 is supplied to the control valve 40 via the third pressure medium line 41p, in which a check valve 42 is arranged.
- the third pressure medium line 41 p with the first pressure medium line 41 a, the second pressure medium line 41 b or with both or none of the pressure medium lines 41 a, b connected.
- the wings 27 are displaced in the direction of the late stop 34b, whereby a rotational movement of the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22 opposite to the direction of rotation of the device 10 is achieved.
- the pressure medium pump 38 When designing the pressure medium pump 38, it must be taken into account that the pressure provided within the pressure medium system 37 in each operating state of the internal combustion engine 1 is sufficient to ensure a phase adjustment. Since the pressure medium pump 38 is driven by the crankshaft 2, the pressure provided, or the pressure fluid volume flow provided depends on the speed of the internal combustion engine 1. Thus, the pressure conditions at low speeds, especially at idle the internal combustion engine 1, must be considered.
- the pressure medium volume provided by the pressure medium pump 38 may not be sufficient to carry out this adjustment request at the desired adjustment speed.
- An initial adjustment of the phase position between the inner rotor 23 and the outer rotor 22 leads to a pressure drop in the pressure medium system 37, under the pressure that usually prevails at idling speed.
- the desired phase position can not be set or not fast enough and the performance parameters of the internal combustion engine 1, such as provided torque or raw emissions, deteriorate.
- the pressure medium pump 38 must be dimensioned larger, whereby the space requirement, the cost and the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine 1 are increased.
- regulated pressure medium pumps 38 can be used, whereby, however, the costs and the control effort are further increased.
- a pressure accumulator 43 is provided. In the illustrated embodiment, this opens between the check valve 42 and the control valve 40 in the third pressure medium line 41 p.
- FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of a pressure accumulator 43, in the form of a spring accumulator. It would also be conceivable to use other pressure accumulators 43 memory. It would also be conceivable to use other pressure accumulators 43, for example piston, bladder or diaphragm accumulators.
- the pressure accumulator 43 comprises a pressure vessel 44, which communicates via an opening 45 with the third pressure medium line 41 p.
- a pressure piston 46 is arranged within the pressure vessel 44.
- On the pressure piston 46 acts on the one hand, a force that exerts the pressure medium from the third pressure medium line 41 p on this. This force urges the pressure piston 46 within the pressure vessel 44 away from the opening 45.
- a spring 47 is provided which urges the pressure piston 46 in the direction of the opening 45. The spring force increases with the distance of the pressure piston 46 to the opening 45.
- the plunger 46 may assume any position between two stops 48a, b depending on the forces acting thereon.
- the pressure piston 46 is cup-shaped, wherein on a cylindrical outer surface, a sealing element 49 is arranged, which largely prevents a pressure medium flow between the front and the back of the pressure piston 46. Pressure medium, which has nevertheless penetrated into the space of the spring 47, can be removed via a vent opening 50 in the tank 39.
- the spring 47 is installed under prestress in the pressure accumulator 43.
- the pressure piston 46 is in the pressure-free state of the third pressure medium line 41 p on the opening side (first) stop 48 a ( FIG. 3 , upper section). Due to the bias of the spring 47, this state is maintained with increasing pressure until the pressure in the third pressure medium line 41p exceeds a first pressure value (minimum response pressure) at which the pressure piston 46 just does not lift off the first stop 48a.
- the pressure piston 46 is displaced against the force of the spring 47 in the direction of the vent side (second) stop 48 b, wherein the pressure piston 46 at a certain second pressure value (minimum filling pressure ) comes in contact with the second stop 48b ( FIG. 3 , lower section).
- the pressure accumulator 43 is filled with pressure medium.
- the maximum filling volume of the pressure accumulator 43 is the volume difference of the pressure medium present in the pressure accumulator 43 between the maximum and minimum distance of the pressure piston 46 from the first stop 48a.
- the spring force acting on the pressure piston 46 increases due to the deflection of the spring 47 with increasing displacement of the pressure piston 46 in the direction of the second end stop 48b.
- the spring 47 and the surface of the pressure piston 46, on which the pressure medium can act, are designed such that the minimum filling pressure of the pressure accumulator 43 is below the pressure prevailing in the third pressure medium line 41 p at idling of the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the Pressure is turned off, which is present at the normal operating temperature of the internal combustion engine 1.
- the accumulator 43 is completely filled with pressure medium during the idling phases of the internal combustion engine 1.
- the pressure in the pressure medium system 37 drops below the pressure which usually prevails during the idling phase until the minimum filling pressure of the pressure accumulator 43 is reached. If this pressure value is reached, the pressure accumulator 43 provides the stored pressure medium volume. The system pressure is kept constant or decreases more slowly. At the same time, the pressure medium system 37 is provided with an additional pressure medium volume, namely the filling volume of the pressure accumulator 43. In this case, the check valve prevents 42, this volume can flow back to the pressure medium pump 38.
- the optimum phase angle of the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22 is dependent on the one hand by the current speed of the internal combustion engine 1, on the other hand by the applied load. At each speed of the internal combustion engine 1, the optimum phase positions is in an angular range which is dependent on the present speed. The optimum phase angle within this range is determined by the applied load.
- the filling volume of the pressure accumulator 43 corresponds to the volume that must be supplied to the device 10 to the largest possible Phase shift within the largest range at a constant speed. At least the filling volume of the pressure accumulator 43 must correspond to the volume which has to be supplied to the device 10 in order to carry out the largest possible phase jump within the range valid for the idling speed.
- a locking mechanism 51 is provided which establishes a mechanical connection between the two rotors 22, 23.
- the locking position is selected such that the wings 27 are in the locked state of the device 10 in a position between the early stop 34a and the late stop 34b.
- the locking mechanism 51 in this embodiment consists of a first and a second rotational angle limiting device 52, 53.
- each of the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 comprises an axially displaceable engagement element, which in the specific embodiment is formed as a pin 54.
- Each of the pins 54 is received in a bore of the inner rotor 23.
- other engagement elements can be used, such as plates.
- receptacles 55 in the form of circumferential grooves are formed in the first side cover 24. These are in FIG. 2a indicated in the form of broken lines.
- Each of the pins 54 is acted upon by a spring element 56 with a force in the direction of the first side cover 24. If the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22 a position in which a pin 54 in the axial direction of the associated receptacle 55 faces, so this is forced into the receptacle 55 and the respective rotational angle limiting device 52, 53 transferred from an unlocked to a locked state.
- the receptacle 55 of the first rotational angle limiting device 52 is designed such that the phase position of the inner rotor 23 is limited to the outer rotor 22, with locked first rotational angle limiting device 52 to a range between a maximum early and the locking position.
- the pin 54 of the first rotational angle limiting device 52 abuts against a stop formed circumferentially by the retainer 55, thereby preventing further displacement in the direction of later timing.
- the receptacle 55 of the second rotation angle limiting device 53 is designed such that when the second rotation angle limiting device 53 is locked, the phase angle of the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22 is limited to a range between a maximum retarded position and the locking position.
- both rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 in the locked state so a rotationally fixed mechanical coupling between the inner rotor 23 and the outer rotor 22 is made.
- the minimum response pressure of the accumulator 43 can be made greater than the pressure required to transfer the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 to the unlocked state.
- the invention can also be used in an embodiment in which the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 are acted upon by means of a separate control line with pressure medium, which does not communicate with the pressure chambers 35, 36, but is directly connected to an additionally formed on the control valve 40 control port.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a device 10.
- the inner rotor 23 in a defined phase position preferably in the maximum early or maximum retardation of the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22, middle Positions are also conceivable
- the receptacle 55 is not formed here as a groove in the circumferential direction, but as a recess which is adapted to the pin 54.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur variablen Einstellung der Steuerzeiten von Gaswechselventilen einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Antriebselement, einem Abtriebselement, zumindest einer Druckkammer, einem Druckmittelsystem und einem Druckspeicher, wobei die Druckkammer und der Druckspeicher mit dem Druckmittelsystem kommunizieren, wobei eine Phasenlage zwischen dem Abtriebselement und dem Antriebselement durch Druckmittelzufuhr zu bzw. Druckmittelabfuhr aus der Druckkammer über das Druckmittelsystem veränderbar ist.The invention relates to a device for variably setting the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine having a drive element, an output element, at least one pressure chamber, a pressure medium system and a pressure accumulator, wherein the pressure chamber and the pressure accumulator communicate with the pressure medium system, wherein a phase position between the output element and the Drive element by pressure medium supply to or pressure fluid removal from the pressure chamber via the pressure medium system is changeable.
In modernen Brennkraftmaschinen werden Vorrichtungen zur variablen Einstellung der Steuerzeiten von Gaswechselventilen eingesetzt, um die Phasenrelation zwischen Kurbelwelle und Nockenwelle in einem definierten Winkelbereich, zwischen einer maximalen Früh- und einer maximalen Spätposition, variabel gestalten zu können. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Vorrichtung in einen Antriebsstrang integriert, über welchen Drehmoment von der Kurbelwelle auf die Nockenwelle übertragen wird. Dieser Antriebsstrang kann beispielsweise als Riemen-, Ketten- oder Zahnradtrieb realisiert sein.In modern internal combustion engines devices for variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves are used to make the phase relation between the crankshaft and the camshaft in a defined angular range, between a maximum early and a maximum late position variable. For this purpose, the device is integrated into a drive train, via which torque is transmitted from the crankshaft to the camshaft. This drive train can be realized for example as a belt, chain or gear drive.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der
Der Druckmittelzufluss zu, bzw. der Druckabfluss von den Druckkammern wird mittels eines Druckmittelsystems gesteuert, das eine Druckmittelpumpe, einen Tank ein Steuerventil, und mehrere Druckmittelleitungen umfasst. Dabei verbindet eine Druckmittelleitung die Druckmittelpumpe mit dem Steuerventil. Jeweils eine Druckmittelleitung verbindet einen der Arbeitsanschlüsse des Steuerventils mit den Druckkammern.The pressure medium inflow to, or the pressure outflow from the pressure chambers is controlled by means of a pressure medium system comprising a pressure medium pump, a tank, a control valve, and a plurality of pressure medium lines. In this case, a pressure medium line connects the pressure medium pump with the control valve. In each case a pressure medium line connects one of the working ports of the control valve with the pressure chambers.
Um die Funktion der Vorrichtung zu gewährleisten, muss der Druck im Druckmittelsystem in jeder Betriebsphase der Brennkraftmaschine einen bestimmten Wert übersteigen. Dies ist besonders in den Leerlaufphasen der Brennkraftmaschine kritisch, da die Druckmittelpumpe von der Kurbelwelle angetrieben wird und somit der Systemdruck mit der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine ansteigt. Der von der Druckmittelpumpe bereitgestellte Systemdruck ist weiterhin von der Druckmitteltemperatur abhängig, wobei der Systemdruck bei steigender Temperatur sinkt. Somit muss die Druckmittelpumpe derart ausgelegt werden, dass diese unter den ungünstigsten Bedingungen ausreichend Systemdruck zur Verfügung stellt, um eine Verstellung der Phasenlage des Innenrotors zum Außenrotor zu gewährleisten.In order to ensure the function of the device, the pressure in the pressure medium system must exceed a certain value in each operating phase of the internal combustion engine. This is critical especially in the idling phases of the internal combustion engine, since the pressure medium pump is driven by the crankshaft and thus the system pressure increases with the speed of the internal combustion engine. The system pressure provided by the pressure medium pump is further dependent on the pressure medium temperature, wherein the system pressure decreases with increasing temperature. Thus, the pressure medium pump must be designed such that it provides sufficient system pressure under the most unfavorable conditions in order to ensure an adjustment of the phase position of the inner rotor to the outer rotor.
Wird während einer Leerlaufphase der Brennkraftmaschine eine Verstellanforderung an die Vorrichtung gestellt, so sinkt mit Beginn des Verstellvorgangs auf Grund des höheren Druckmittelbedarfs der Systemdruck weiter ab. Dies kann dazu führen, dass der Verstellvorgang nur mit zu geringer Verstellgeschwindigkeit durchgeführt werden kann. Somit wird die Performanz der Brennkraftmaschine herabgesetzt, wobei es beispielsweise zu Einbußen bei dem bereitgestellten Drehmoment und erhöhten Rohemissionen kommen kann. Des Weiteren ist in der
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde eine Vorrichtung zur variablen Einstellung der Steuerzeiten von Gaswechselventilen einer Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, wobei ein funktionssicheres, zügiges Einstellen der Steuerzeiten in jeder Betriebsphase der Brennkraftmaschine sichergestellt werden soll, ohne die Druckmittelpumpe der Brennkraftmaschine größer dimensionieren zu müssen.The invention has for its object to provide a device for variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, with a functionally reliable, rapid adjustment of the timing should be ensured in each phase of the engine without having to size the pressure medium pump of the engine larger.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, Der Druckspeicher derart ausgelegt , dass dessen minimaler Befülldruck kleiner als der Druck innerhalb des Druckmittelsystems bei Leerlaufdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine ist.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, the pressure accumulator designed such that its minimum filling pressure is less than the pressure within the pressure fluid system at idle speed of the internal combustion engine.
Dabei ist unter dem minimalen Befülldruck derjenige Systemdruck zu verstehen, bei dem das Druckmittelvolumen innerhalb des Druckspeichers sein Maximum erreicht. Bei dem Druck innerhalb des Druckmittelsystems bei Leerlaufdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine ist auf den Druck abzustellen, der vorherrscht, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat.In this case, the minimum filling pressure is to be understood as the system pressure at which the pressure medium volume within the pressure reservoir is at its maximum reached. At the pressure within the pressure medium system at idling speed of the internal combustion engine is to be turned off on the pressure prevailing when the internal combustion engine has reached operating temperature.
Die Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise, wie im Stand der Technik, in Form eines Flügelradverstellers ausgebildet und weist ein Antriebselement (Außenrotor) auf, welches beispielsweise mittels eines Zugmittel- oder Zahnradtriebs von einer Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird. Des Weiteren ist ein Abtriebselement (Innenrotor) vorgesehen, welches eine konstante Phasenlage zu einer Nockenwelle aufweist, beispielsweise mittels einer reib-, kraftoder stoffschlüssigen Verbindung oder Schraubverbindung drehfest mit dieser verbunden ist. Innerhalb der Vorrichtung sind mehrere Druckräume ausgebildet, die von jeweils einem Flügel in zwei gegeneinander wirkende Druckkammern unterteilt werden. Die Flügel sind mit dem Abtriebselement oder dem Antriebselement verbunden. Die Druckkammern können mittels eines Steuerventils mit einer Druckmittelpumpe oder einem Tank verbunden werden. Durch Druckmittelzufuhr zu bzw. Druckmittelabfuhr von den Druckkammern werden die Flügel innerhalb der Druckräume verschoben, wodurch die relative Phasenlage des Abtriebselements zum Antriebselement und damit der Nockenwelle zur Kurbelwelle veränderbar eingestellt werden kann.The device is for example, as in the prior art, in the form of a Flügelradverstellers and has a drive element (outer rotor), which is driven for example by means of a Zugmittel- or gear drive from a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, an output element (inner rotor) is provided, which has a constant phase position to a camshaft, for example by means of a frictional, cohesive or cohesive connection or screw rotatably connected thereto. Within the device a plurality of pressure chambers are formed, which are divided by a respective wing in two counteracting pressure chambers. The wings are connected to the output element or the drive element. The pressure chambers can be connected by means of a control valve with a pressure medium pump or a tank. By supplying pressure medium to or pressure fluid removal from the pressure chambers, the wings are moved within the pressure chambers, whereby the relative phase position of the output element to the drive element and thus the camshaft can be adjusted to the crankshaft changeable.
Alternativ können auch andere Ausführungsformen einer Vorrichtung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise Vorrichtungen in Axialverstellerbauweise, in denen ein axial durch Druckmittel verschiebbarer Kolben mittels Schrägverzahnungen mit dem Abtriebselement und dem Antriebselement zusammenwirkt. Ebenfalls denkbar ist eine Ausführungsform, in der nur eine der gegeneinander wirkenden Druckkammern mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt wird, während eine Verstellung der Phasenlage in die andere Richtung mittels eines oder mehrerer Federelementen bewirkt wird.Alternatively, other embodiments of a device may be provided, for example devices in Axialverstellerbauweise, in which an axially displaceable by pressure medium piston cooperates by means of helical gears with the output element and the drive element. Also conceivable is an embodiment in which only one of the mutually acting pressure chambers is acted upon by pressure medium, while an adjustment of the phase position in the other direction is effected by means of one or more spring elements.
Die Vorrichtung weist einen Verriegelungsmechanismus auf, der eine mechanische, beispielsweise formschlüssige, Kopplung des Abtriebselements zum Antriebselement ermöglicht. Dabei kann der Verriegelungsmechanismus aus einer oder mehreren Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen bestehen. Die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen können einen eingeriegelten Zustand einnehmen, in dem die möglichen Phasenlagen des Abtriebselements zum Antriebselement auf ein Winkelintervall eingeschränkt werden, das kleiner ist als das von der Vorrichtung maximal zugelassenen Winkelintervall. Dabei kann die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung den zugelassenen Phasenbereich auf ein definiertes Winkelintervall oder einen definierten (spielbehafteten) Winkel einschränken. Mittels Druckmittelbeaufschlagung der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen können diese in einen entriegelten Zustand überführt werden, in dem der Vorrichtung deren gesamtes Winkelintervall zu Verfügung steht.The device has a locking mechanism which allows a mechanical, for example positive, coupling of the output element to the drive element. In this case, the locking mechanism may consist of one or more rotational angle limiting devices. The rotation angle limiting devices can assume a locked state in which the possible phase angles of the output element to the drive element are limited to an angular interval which is smaller than the maximum permitted by the device angular interval. In this case, the rotation angle limiting device restrict the permitted phase range to a defined angular interval or a defined (gap-laden) angle. By pressurizing the rotational angle limiting devices, these can be converted into an unlocked state, in which the device has its entire angular interval available.
Eine denkbare Ausführungsform einer Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung besteht aus einem Eingriffselement, bspw. einem Stift oder einer Platte, und einer Aufnahme für das Eingriffselement. Die Aufnahme kann beispielsweise als Langnut entlang eines Abschnitts einer Kreislinie oder als Ausnehmung, die dem Eingriffselement angepasst ist ausgebildet sein. Ebenso denkbar ist eine Ausführung in Form einer Stufenkulisse, in der innerhalb einer Langnut zusätzlich eine dem Eingriffselement angepasste Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist.A conceivable embodiment of a rotation angle limiting device consists of an engagement element, for example a pin or a plate, and a receptacle for the engagement element. The receptacle can be designed, for example, as a long groove along a section of a circular line or as a recess which is adapted to the engagement element. Also conceivable is an embodiment in the form of a stepped link, in which a recess adapted to the engagement element is additionally formed within a slot.
Die Aufnahme der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung kann über eine Steuerleitung beispielsweise mit einer der Druckkammern oder über das Steuerventil und zusätzlichen Druckmittelleitungen mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt werden.The recording of the rotation angle limiting device can be acted upon via a control line, for example with one of the pressure chambers or via the control valve and additional pressure medium lines with pressure medium.
Zusätzlich ist ein Druckspeicher vorgesehen, der mit dem Hydraulikmittelsystem insbesondere einer der Druckmittelleitung kommuniziert. Dabei kann der Druckspeicher in eine Druckmittelleitung münden, die die Druckmittelpumpe mit dem Steuerventil oder das Steuerventil mit den Druckkammern verbindet.In addition, an accumulator is provided, which communicates with the hydraulic fluid system in particular one of the pressure medium line. In this case, the pressure accumulator can open into a pressure medium line which connects the pressure medium pump with the control valve or the control valve with the pressure chambers.
Der Druckspeicher kann beispielsweise als Federspeicher, Kolbenspeicher, Membranspeicher, Blasenspeicher oder Tellerfederspeicher ausgebildet sein.The pressure accumulator can be designed, for example, as a spring accumulator, piston accumulator, diaphragm accumulator, bladder accumulator or disc spring accumulator.
Wird der Ansprechdruck des Druckspeichers (Druck bei dem die Befüllung des Druckspeichers beginnt) kleiner gewählt, als der Druck innerhalb des Druckmittelsystems bei Leerlaufdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, so erfolgt während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine eine Befüllung des Druckspeichers. Ist der minimale Befülldruck des Druckspeichers ebenfalls kleiner gewählt als der Systemdruck bei Leerlaufdrehzahl, so ist der Druckspeicher selbst bei Leerlaufdrehzahl vollständig mit Druckmittel befüllt. Erfolgt nun eine Verstellanforderung an die Vorrichtung sinkt der Systemdruck des Druckmittelsystems unter den minimalen Befülldruck ab und der Druckspeicher beginnt sich zu entleeren. Somit wird das Druckniveau im Druckmittelsystem der Vorrichtung auf einem höheren Druckniveau gehalten und es wird eine zusätzliche Druckmittelmenge bereitgestellt. Somit kann die Druckmittelpumpe derart ausgelegt werden, dass dessen Fördermenge und Förderdruck bei Leerlaufdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine bei Vorliegen der Betriebstemperatur gerade ausreicht um eine Winkelposition zu halten. Bei einer Verstellanforderung unterstützt der Druckspeicher die Verstellung. Somit kann die Funktion der Vorrichtung gesichert werden, ohne die Druckmittelpumpe größer auslegen zu müssen.If the response pressure of the pressure accumulator (pressure at which the filling of the pressure accumulator begins) is selected to be smaller than the pressure within the pressure fluid system at idling speed of the internal combustion engine, a filling of the pressure accumulator takes place during operation of the internal combustion engine. Is the minimum filling pressure of the accumulator also chosen smaller than the System pressure at idle speed, so the accumulator is completely filled even at idle speed with pressure medium. If now an adjustment request to the device, the system pressure of the pressure medium system drops below the minimum filling pressure and the pressure accumulator begins to empty. Thus, the pressure level in the fluid system of the device is maintained at a higher pressure level and an additional amount of pressure medium is provided. Thus, the pressure medium pump can be designed such that its flow rate and delivery pressure at idle speed of the internal combustion engine in the presence of the operating temperature just sufficient to hold an angular position. For an adjustment request, the pressure accumulator supports the adjustment. Thus, the function of the device can be secured without having to interpret the pressure medium pump larger.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Vorrichtung eine Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung aufweist, die eine Aufnahme und zumindest ein in Richtung der Aufnahme kraftbeaufschlagtes Eingriffselement aufweist, wobei die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung in einem eingeriegelten Zustand, in dem das Eingriffselement in die Aufnahme eingreift, die Phasenlage des Abtriebselements relativ zum Antriebselement zumindest auf einen Winkelbereich begrenzt, wobei die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung durch Druckmittelbeaufschlagung der Aufnahme in einen entriegelten Zustand überführt werden kann und wobei der minimale Ansprechdruck des Druckspeichers größer ist, als der minimale Ansprechdruck der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung.In a further development of the invention it is provided that the device has a rotation angle limiting device which has a receptacle and at least one force-loaded in the direction of recording engagement element, wherein the rotation angle limiting device in a locked state in which the engagement element engages in the receptacle, the phase position of the output element limited at least to an angular range relative to the drive element, wherein the rotational angle limiting device can be converted by pressurizing the recording in an unlocked state and wherein the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator is greater than the minimum response pressure of the rotational angle limiting device.
Während der Betriebsphasen in der der Systemdruck des Druckmittelsystems unterhalb des minimalen Ansprechdrucks der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen liegt, beispielsweise während der Startphase der Brennkraftmaschine, befinden sich die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen in dem verriegelten Zustand. Somit besteht eine formschlüssige, drehfeste Verbindung zwischen dem Abtriebselement und dem Antriebselement und Veränderungen der Phasenlage der Bauteile zueinander sind nicht vorgesehen. In diesen Phasen ist somit eine Unterstützung des Druckmittelsystems durch den Druckspeicher nicht notwendig. Erst wenn der Systemdruck ausreicht die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen in einen entriegelten Zustand zu überführen, kann eine Verstellung der Phasenlage erfolgen. Wird der minimale Ansprechdruck des Druckspeichers derart gewählt, dass dieser höher liegt als der minimale Ansprechdruck der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen, so steht das gesamte Befüllvolumen des Druckspeicher dem System innerhalb eines schmalen Druckbandes unterhalb des Drucks der bei Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine herrscht dem Druckmittelsystem zur Verfügung. Somit erfolgt bei einer Verstellanforderung bei Leerlaufdrehzahl, die an die Vorrichtung gerichtet ist, eine plötzliche und vollständige Entleerung des Druckspeichers. Dies gewährleistet eine prompte und vollständige Reaktion der Vorrichtung auf die Verstellanforderung.During the operating phases in which the system pressure of the pressure medium system is below the minimum set pressure of the rotation angle limiting devices, for example during the starting phase of the internal combustion engine, the rotation angle limiting devices are in the locked state. Thus, there is a positive, rotationally fixed connection between the output element and the drive element and changes in the phase position of the components to each other are not provided. In these phases is thus a support of the pressure fluid system by the pressure accumulator unnecessary. Only when the system pressure is sufficient to convert the rotation angle limiting devices in an unlocked state, an adjustment of the phase position can take place. If the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator chosen such that it is higher than the minimum response pressure of the rotation angle limiting devices, the entire filling volume of the pressure accumulator is the system within a narrow pressure band below the pressure prevailing at idle the internal combustion engine, the pressure fluid system available. Thus, in an adjustment request at idle speed, which is directed to the device, a sudden and complete emptying of the pressure accumulator takes place. This ensures a prompt and complete response of the device to the adjustment request.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Druckmittelsystem ein Steuerventil, eine Druckmittelpumpe und mehrere Druckmittelleitungen aufweist, wobei das Steuerventil zumindest einen Zulaufanschluss und zumindest einen Arbeitsanschluss aufweist, wobei eine erste Druckmittelleitung den Arbeitsanschluss mit der Druckkammer verbindet, wobei eine weitere Druckmittelleitung die Druckmittelpumpe mit dem Zulaufanschluss verbindet und wobei der Druckspeicher stromaufwärts des Steuerventils in die weitere Druckmittelleitung mündet. Somit kommuniziert der Druckspeicher in jeder Betriebsphase der Brennkraftmaschine direkt mit der Druckmittelpumpe. Des Weiteren können Verstellanforderungen sowohl in Richtung früher als auch später Steuerzeiten realisiert werden. Dazu muss lediglich die geeignete Steuerstellung des Steuerventil eingestellt werden.In one embodiment of the invention can be provided that the pressure fluid system comprises a control valve, a pressure medium pump and a plurality of pressure medium lines, wherein the control valve has at least one inlet port and at least one working port, wherein a first pressure medium line connects the working port with the pressure chamber, wherein a further pressure medium line the Pressure medium pump connects to the inlet port and wherein the pressure accumulator upstream of the control valve opens into the further pressure medium line. Thus, the pressure accumulator communicates directly with the pressure medium pump in each operating phase of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, adjustment requirements can be realized both in the direction of early and late control times. For this purpose, only the appropriate control position of the control valve must be set.
Des Weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass in dem Druckmittelsystem stromaufwärts der Position, an der der Druckspeicher in das Druckmittelsystem mündet, ein Rückschlagventil angeordnet ist, das an dieser Stelle lediglich einen Druckmittelfluss in Richtung der Mündungsposition des Druckspeichers zulässt. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass das von dem Druckspeicher gelieferte Druckmittel zur Druckmittelpumpe zurückströmt. Somit steht das gesamte Druckmittelvolumen des Druckspeichers zur Phasenverstellung zur Verfügung. In einer Konkretisierung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Druckspeicher innerhalb einer Nockenwelle angeordnet ist. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft in Anwendungen, in denen die Nockenwelle hohl ausgebildet ist. Somit kann der Druckspeicher Einsatz finden, ohne den Bauraumbedarf der Brennkraftmaschine zu erhöhen. Des Weiteren wird dadurch ein minimaler Abstand zwischen dem Druckspeicher und der Vorrichtung realisiert und somit das Ansprechverhalten verbessert.Furthermore, it can be provided that in the pressure medium system upstream of the position at which the pressure accumulator opens into the pressure medium system, a check valve is arranged, which allows only a pressure medium flow in the direction of the mouth position of the pressure accumulator at this point. This prevents that the pressure medium supplied by the pressure accumulator flows back to the pressure medium pump. Thus, the entire pressure medium volume of the pressure accumulator is available for phase adjustment. In a concretization of the invention it is provided that the pressure accumulator is arranged within a camshaft. This is particularly advantageous in applications where the camshaft is hollow. Thus, the pressure accumulator can be used without increasing the space requirement of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, this realizes a minimum distance between the pressure accumulator and the device and thus improves the response.
Vorteilhafterweise entspricht das Volumen des Druckspeichers zumindest dem Volumen, dass der Vorrichtung zugeführt werden muss um eine Verstellung zu ermöglichen, die einer maximalen zulässigen Phasendifferenz bei einer konstanten Drehzahl entspricht. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass während einer Verstellung bei Leerlaufdrehzahl ausreichend Druckmittel für die Verstellung zur Verfügung steht.Advantageously, the volume of the pressure accumulator corresponds at least to the volume that must be supplied to the device in order to allow an adjustment which corresponds to a maximum permissible phase difference at a constant speed. This ensures that during an adjustment at idle speed sufficient pressure medium for the adjustment is available.
In einer Konkretisierung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen den minimale Befülldruck des Druckspeichers kleiner 1 bar zu wählen. Des Weiteren kann vorgesehen sein den minimalen Ansprechdruck des Druckspeichers größer als 0,3 bar zu wählen.In a concretization of the invention, it is proposed to choose the minimum filling pressure of the pressure accumulator smaller than 1 bar. Furthermore, it can be provided to select the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator greater than 0.3 bar.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und aus den Zeichnungen in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vereinfacht dargestellt ist. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- nur sehr schematisch eine Brennkraftmaschine,
- Figur 2a
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erste erfindungsgemäße Ausführungs- form einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung der Steuerzeiten von Gaswechselventilen einer Brennkraftmaschine incl. einem ange- schlossenen Hydraulikkreislauf,
- Figur 2b
- einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung aus
Figur 2a entlang der Linie IIB-IIB, Figur 3- einen Längsschnitt durch einen Druckspeicher,
Figur 4- eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführungs- form einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung der Steuerzeiten von Gaswechselventilen einer Brennkraftmaschine incl. einem ange- schlossenen Hydraulikkreislauf.
- FIG. 1
- only very schematically an internal combustion engine,
- FIG. 2a
- 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment according to the invention of a device for changing the control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine including a connected hydraulic circuit,
- FIG. 2b
- a longitudinal section through the device
FIG. 2a along the line IIB-IIB, - FIG. 3
- a longitudinal section through a pressure accumulator,
- FIG. 4
- a plan view of another embodiment of the invention an apparatus for changing the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine including a connected hydraulic circuit.
In
Die
Die Vorrichtung 10 weist ein als Außenrotor 22 ausgebildetes Antriebselement und ein als Innenrotor 23 ausgebildetes Abtriebselement auf. Der Außenrotor 22 weist ein Gehäuse 22a und zwei Seitendeckel 24, 25 auf, die an den axialen Seitenflächen des Gehäuses 22a angeordnet sind. Der Innenrotor 23 ist in Form eines Flügelrades ausgeführt und weist ein im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgeführtes Nabenelement 26 auf, von dessen äußerer zylindrischer Mantelfläche sich in der dargestellten Ausführungsform fünf Flügel 27 in radialer Richtung nach außen erstrecken. Die Flügel 27 sind separat zum Innenrotor 23 ausgebildet und in Flügelnuten 28 angeordnet, die an dem Nabenelement 26 ausgebildeten sind. Die Flügel 27 werden mittels Flügelfedern 27a, die zwischen den Nutgründen der Flügelnuten 28 und den Flügeln 27 angeordneter sind, radial nach außen mit einer Kraft beaufschlagt.The
Ausgehend von einer äußeren Umfangswand 29 des Gehäuses 22a erstrecken sich mehrere Vorsprünge 30 radial nach innen. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Vorsprünge 30 einteilig mit der Umfangswand 29 ausgebildet. Der Außenrotor 22 ist mittels radial innen liegender Umfangswände der Vorsprünge 30 relativ zu dem Innenrotor 23 drehbar auf diesem gelagert.Starting from an outer
An einer äußeren Mantelfläche der Umfangswand 29 ist ein Kettenrad 21 angeordnet, mittels welchem über einen nicht dargestellten Kettentrieb Drehmoment von der Kurbelwelle 2 auf den Außenrotor 22 übertragen werden kann.On an outer circumferential surface of the
Je einer der Seitendeckel 24, 25 ist an einer der axialen Seitenflächen des Gehäuses 22a angeordnet und drehfest an diesem fixiert. Zu diesem Zweck ist in jedem Vorsprung 30 eine Axialöffnung vorgesehen, die von einem Befestigungselement 32, beispielsweise einer Schraube, durchgriffen wird, welches zur drehfesten Fixierung der Seitendeckel 24, 25 an dem Gehäuse 22a dient.Depending on one of the side covers 24, 25 is arranged on one of the axial side surfaces of the housing 22a and rotatably fixed thereto. For this purpose, an axial opening is provided in each
Innerhalb der Vorrichtung 10 ist zwischen jeweils zwei in Umfangsrichtung benachbarten Vorsprüngen 30 ein Druckraum 33 ausgebildet. Jeder der Druckräume 33 wird in Umfangsrichtung von gegenüberliegenden, im Wesentlichen radial verlaufenden Begrenzungswänden 34 benachbarter Vorsprünge 30, in axialer Richtung von den Seitendeckeln 24, 25, radial nach innen von dem Nabenelement 26 und radial nach außen von der Umfangswand 29 begrenzt. In jeden der Druckräume 33 ragt ein Flügel 27, wobei die Flügel 27 derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese sowohl an den Seitendeckeln 24, 25, als auch an der Umfangswand 29 anliegen. Jeder Flügel 27 teilt somit den jeweiligen Druckraum 33 in zwei gegeneinander wirkende Druckkammern 35, 36.Within the
Der Innenrotor 23 ist in einem definierten Winkelbreich drehbar zu dem Außenrotor 22. Der Winkelbereich wird in einer Drehrichtung des Innenrotors 23 dadurch begrenzt, dass die Flügel 27 an je einer korrespondierenden Begrenzungswand 34 (Frühanschlag 34a) der Druckräume 33 zum Anliegen kommen. Analog wird der Winkelbereich in der anderen Drehrichtung dadurch begrenzt, dass die Flügel 27 an den anderen Begrenzungswänden 34 der Druckräume 33, die als Spätanschlag 34b dienen, zum Anliegen kommen. Ebenso denkbar sind Ausführungsformen, in denen jeweils nur ein oder einige der Flügel 27 an den Endanschlägen 34a,b zum Anliegen kommen. Alternativ kann der Verdrehwinkel beispielsweise mittels eines Pins, der in eine Nut eingreift begrenzt werden.The inner rotor 23 is rotatable in a defined Winkelbreich to the outer rotor 22. The angular range is limited in a direction of rotation of the inner rotor 23 in that the
Durch Druckbeaufschlagung einer Gruppe von Druckkammern 35, 36 und Druckentlastung der anderen Gruppe kann die Phasenlage des Außenrotors 22 zum Innenrotor 23 variiert werden. Durch Druckbeaufschlagung beider Gruppen von Druckkammern 35, 36 kann die Phasenlage der beiden Rotoren 22, 23 zueinander konstant gehalten werden. Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, keine der Druckkammern 35, 36 während Phasen konstanter Phasenlage mit Druckmittel zu beaufschlagen. Als hydraulisches Druckmittel wird üblicherweise das Schmieröl der Brennkraftmaschine 1 verwendet.By pressurizing a group of
Zur Druckmittelzufuhr zu bzw. Druckmittelabfuhr von den Druckkammern 35, 36 ist ein Druckmittelsystem 37 vorgesehen, welches eine Druckmittelpumpe 38, einen Tank 39, ein Steuerventil 40 und mehrere Druckmittelleitungen 41a,b,p umfasst. Das Steuerventil 40 weist einen Zulaufanschluss P, einen Tankanschluss T und zwei Arbeitsanschlüsse A, B. Die erste Druckmittelleitung 41 a verbindet den ersten Arbeitsanschluss A mit den ersten Druckkammern 35. Die zweite Druckmittelleitung 41 b verbindet den zweiten Arbeitsanschluss B mit den zweiten Druckkammern 36. Die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41 p verbindet die Druckmittelpumpe 38 mit dem Zulaufanschluss P. Im Falle eines Steuerventils 40, welches in der Axialöffnung 31 der Vorrichtung 10 angeordnet ist, erstrecken sich die Druckmittelleitungen 41 a,b im Innenrotor 23. Diese können beispielsweise als Bohrungen oder radial verlaufende Nuten in den axialen Seitenflächen ausgebildet sein. Im Falle von Steuerventilen 40, welche in einer Aufnahme außerhalb der Vorrichtung 10 aufgenommen sind, beispielsweise einem Zylinderkopf, umfassen die Druckmittelleitung 41 a,b zusätzliche Hydraulikmittelwege, die das Steuerventil 40 mit den an dem Innenrotor 23 ausgebildeten Bohrungen oder Nuten verbinden.For supplying pressure medium to or removing pressure medium from the
Von der Druckmittelpumpe 38 gefördertes Druckmittel wird über die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41p, in der ein Rückschlagventil 42 angeordnet ist, dem Steuerventil 40 zugeführt. Je nach Steuerzustand des Steuerventils 40 wird die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41 p mit der ersten Druckmittelleitung 41 a, der zweiten Druckmittelleitung 41 b oder mit beiden bzw. keiner der Druckmittelleitungen 41 a,b verbunden.Pressure medium conveyed by the pressure
Um die Steuerzeiten (Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunkte) der Gaswechselventile 9a, 9b in Richtung früh zu verschieben, wird das dem Steuerventil 40 über die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41 p zugeführte Druckmittel über die erste Druckmittelleitung 41 a zu den ersten Druckkammern 35 geleitet. Gleichzeitig gelangt Druckmittel aus den zweiten Druckkammern 36 über die zweite Druckmittelleitung 41 b zum Steuerventil 40 und wird in den Tank 39 ausgestoßen. Dadurch werden die Flügel 27 in Richtung des Frühanschlags 34a verschoben, wodurch eine rotative Bewegung des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 in Drehrichtung der Vorrichtung 10 erreicht wird.In order to shift the timing (opening and closing times) of the
Um die Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile 9a, 9b in Richtung spät zu verschieben, wird das dem Steuerventil 40 über die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41 p zugeführte Druckmittel über die zweite Druckmittelleitung 41 b zu den zweiten Druckkammern 36 geleitet. Gleichzeitig gelangt Druckmittel aus den ersten Druckkammern 35 über die erste Druckmittelleitung 41 a zum Steuerventil 40 und wird in den Tank 39 ausgestoßen. Dadurch werden die Flügel 27 in Richtung des Spätanschlags 34b verschoben, wodurch eine rotative Bewegung des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 entgegen der Drehrichtung der Vorrichtung 10 erreicht wird.In order to shift the timing of the
Um die Steuerzeiten konstant zu halten wird die Druckmittelzufuhr zu sämtlichen Druckkammern 35, 36 entweder unterbunden oder zugelassen. Dadurch werden die Flügel 27 innerhalb der jeweiligen Druckräume 33 hydraulisch eingespannt, und somit eine rotative Bewegung des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 verhindert.In order to keep the timing constant, the pressure medium supply to all
Bei der Auslegung der Druckmittelpumpe 38 muss berücksichtigt werden, dass der bereitgestellte Druck innerhalb des Druckmittelsystems 37 in jedem Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine 1 ausreicht, eine Phasenverstellung zu gewährleisten. Da die Druckmittelpumpe 38 von der Kurbelwelle 2 angetrieben wird, ist der bereitgestellte Druck, bzw. der bereitgestellte Druckmittelvolumenstrom von der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine 1 abhängig. Somit müssen die Druckverhältnisse bei niedrigen Drehzahlen, vor allem im Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine 1, berücksichtigt werden.When designing the pressure
Wird während einer Leerlaufphase der Brennkraftmaschine 1 von deren Steuergerät eine Verstellung der Phasenlage angeordnet, so kann das von der Druckmittelpumpe 38 bereitgestellte Druckmittelvolumen nicht ausreichen, um diese Verstellanforderung in der gewünschten Verstellgeschwindigkeit auszuführen. Eine anfängliche Verstellung der Phasenlage zwischen dem Innenrotor 23 und dem Außenrotor 22 führt zu einem Druckabfall im Druckmittelsystem 37, unter den Druck, der bei Leerlaufdrehzahl üblicherweise herrscht. Somit kann die gewünschte Phasenlage nicht bzw. nicht schnell genug eingestellt werden und die Leistungsparameter der Brennkraftmaschine 1, wie bereitgestelltes Drehmoment oder Rohemissionen, verschlechtern sich.If an adjustment of the phase position is arranged by the control unit of the internal combustion engine 1 during an idling phase, the pressure medium volume provided by the pressure
Um dies zu verhindern muss die Druckmittelpumpe 38 größer dimensioniert werden, wodurch der Bauraumbedarf, die Kosten und der Kraftstoffverbrauch der Brennkraftmaschine 1 erhöht werden. Um den Kraftstoffverbrauch zu senken können geregelte Druckmittelpumpen 38 eingesetzt werden, wodurch allerdings die Kosten und der Regelaufwand weiter erhöht werden.To prevent this, the pressure
Um diese Nachteile zu vermeiden, ist ein Druckspeicher 43 vorgesehen. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform mündet dieser zwischen dem Rückschlagventil 42 und dem Steuerventil 40 in die dritte Druckmittelleitung 41 p.
Der Druckspeicher 43 umfasst einen Druckbehälter 44, der über eine Öffnung 45 mit der dritten Druckmittelleitung 41 p kommuniziert. Innerhalb des Druckbehälters 44 ist ein Druckkolben 46 angeordnet. Auf den Druckkolben 46 wirkt zum einen eine Kraft, die das Druckmittel aus der dritten Druckmittelleitung 41 p auf diesen ausübt. Diese Kraft drängt den Druckkolben 46 innerhalb des Druckbehälters 44 von der Öffnung 45 weg. Zusätzlich ist auf der der Öffnung 45 abgewandten Seite des Druckkolbens 46 eine Feder 47 vorgesehen, die den Druckkolben 46 in Richtung der Öffnung 45 drängt. Dabei steigt die Federkraft mit dem Abstand des Druckkolbens 46 zur Öffnung 45 an. Der Druckkolben 46 kann abhängig von den Kräften, die auf diesen wirken, jede Position zwischen zwei Anschlägen 48a,b einnehmen.The
In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Druckkolben 46 topfförmig ausgeführt, wobei an einer zylindrischen Außenmantelfläche ein Dichtelement 49 angeordnet ist, welches einen Druckmittelfluss zwischen der Vorder- und der Rückseite des Druckkolbens 46 weitgehend verhindert. Druckmittel, welches dennoch in den Raum der Feder 47 eingedrungen ist, kann über eine Entlüftungsöffnung 50 in den Tank 39 abgeführt werden.In the illustrated embodiment, the
Die Feder 47 ist unter Vorspannung in dem Druckspeicher 43 eingebaut. Somit liegt der Druckkolben 46 bei drucklosem Zustand der dritten Druckmittelleitung 41 p an dem öffnungsseitigen (ersten) Anschlag 48a an (
Die Feder 47 und die Fläche des Druckkolbens 46, auf den das Druckmittel wirken kann, sind derart ausgelegt, dass der minimale Befülldruck des Druckspeichers 43 unterhalb des Druckes liegt, der in der dritten Druckmittelleitung 41 p bei Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine 1 herrscht, wobei auf den Druck abgestellt wird, der bei der normalen Betriebstemperatur der Brennkraftmaschine 1 vorliegt. Somit ist der Druckspeicher 43 während der Leerlaufphasen der Brennkraftmaschine 1 vollständig mit Druckmittel befüllt.The
Wird von dem Motorsteuergerät eine Verstellanforderung an die Vorrichtung 10 gestellt, so fällt der Druck im Druckmittelsystem 37 unter den Druck, der während der Leerlaufphase üblicherweise vorherrscht, bis der minimale Befülldruck des Druckspeichers 43 erreicht wird. Wird dieser Druckwert erreicht, so stellt der Druckspeicher 43 das gespeicherte Druckmittelvolumen bereit. Der Systemdruck wird konstant gehalten bzw. fällt langsamer ab. Gleichzeitig wird dem Druckmittelsystem 37 ein zusätzliches Druckmittelvolumen, nämlich das Befüllvolumen des Druckspeichers 43, zur Verfügung gestellt. Dabei verhindert das Rückschlagventil 42, das dieses Volumen zur Druckmittelpumpe 38 zurückfließen kann.If an adjustment request is made by the engine control unit to the
Die optimale Phasenlage des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 ist zum einen von der aktuellen Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine 1, zum anderen von der anliegenden Last abhängig. Bei jeder Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine 1 befindet sich die optimale Phasenlagen in einem Winkelbereich der von der vorliegenden Drehzahl abhängig ist. Die optimale Phasenlage innerhalb dieses Bereichs wird durch die anliegende Last bestimmt. Dabei sind die Bereiche der Phasenlagen, in denen bei konstanter Drehzahl die optimale Phasenlage liegt, bei verschiedenen Drehzahlen unterschiedlich groß und gegeneinander verschoben. Des Weiteren sind diese Bereiche kleiner als der maximale Verstellbereich der Vorrichtung 10. Um funktionssicher eine Verstellung der Vorrichtung 10 zu jedem Zeitpunkt zu gewährleisten, ist vorgesehen, dass das Befüllvolumen des Druckspeichers 43 dem Volumen entspricht, das der Vorrichtung 10 zugeführt werden muss um den größtmöglichen Phasensprung innerhalb des größten Bereichs bei einer konstanten Drehzahl durchzuführen. Zumindest muss das Befüllvolumen des Druckspeichers 43 dem Volumen entsprechen, das der Vorrichtung 10 zugeführt werden muss um den größtmöglichen Phasensprung innerhalb für die Leerlaufdrehzahl gültigen Bereichs durchzuführen.The optimum phase angle of the inner rotor 23 to the outer rotor 22 is dependent on the one hand by the current speed of the internal combustion engine 1, on the other hand by the applied load. At each speed of the internal combustion engine 1, the optimum phase positions is in an angular range which is dependent on the present speed. The optimum phase angle within this range is determined by the applied load. Here are the areas of Phase positions in which the optimum phase position is at constant speed, different magnitudes at different speeds and shifted against each other. Furthermore, these areas are smaller than the maximum adjustment range of the
Während des Starts der Brennkraftmaschine 1 steigt der Systemdruck mit der Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle 2 an. Somit liegt anfänglich nicht genügend Systemdruck vor um die hydraulische Einspannung der Flügel 27 innerhalb der Druckräume 33 zu gewährleisten. Um ein unkontrolliertes Schwingen des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 zu verhindern ist ein Verriegelungsmechanismus 51 vorgesehen, der eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen den beiden Rotoren 22, 23 herstellt.During the start of the internal combustion engine 1, the system pressure increases with the rotational speed of the
In der in den
Der Verriegelungsmechanismus 51 besteht in dieser Ausführungsform aus einer ersten und einer zweiten Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung 52, 53. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform umfasst jede der Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 52, 53 ein axial verschiebbaren Eingriffselement, das in der konkreten Ausführungsform als Stift 54 ausgebildet ist. Jeder der Stifte 54 ist in einer Bohrung des Innenrotors 23 aufgenommen. Neben Stiften 54 können auch andere Eingriffelemente Einsatz finden, beispielsweise Platten.The locking mechanism 51 in this embodiment consists of a first and a second rotational angle limiting device 52, 53. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 comprises an axially displaceable engagement element, which in the specific embodiment is formed as a
Des Weiteren sind in dem ersten Seitendeckel 24 zwei Aufnahmen 55 in Form von in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Nuten ausgebildet. Diese sind in
Analog ist die Aufnahme 55 der zweiten Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung 53 derart ausgelegt, dass bei eingeriegelter zweiter Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtung 53 die Phasenlage des Innenrotors 23 zum Außenrotor 22 auf einen Bereich zwischen einer maximalen Spätposition und der Verriegelungsposition beschränkt ist. Befinden sich beide Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 52, 53 im eingeriegelten Zustand, so ist eine drehfeste mechanische Kopplung zwischen den Innenrotor 23 und dem Außenrotor 22 hergestellt.Analogously, the
Um die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 52, 53 von dem eingeriegelten in den entriegelten Zustand zu überführen ist vorgesehen, dass die jeweilige Aufnahme 55 mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch wird der jeweilige Stift 54 entgegen der Kraft des Federelements 56 in die Bohrung zurückgedrängt und somit die Drehwinkelbegrenzung aufgehoben. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform sind sie Aufnahmen 55 über Steuerleitungen 57 mit jeweils einer der Druckkammern 35, 36 verbunden.In order to transfer the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 from the locked to the unlocked state, it is provided that pressure is applied to the
Liegt der Druck in dem Druckmittelsystem 37 unterhalb des Drucks, der nötig ist, um die Stifte 54 in die Bohrung zurückzudrängen, so liegt eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Innenrotor 23 und dem Außenrotor 22 vor. In diesen Betriebsphasen ist keine Verstellung zwischen dem Innenrotor 23 und dem Außenrotor 22 vorgesehen, so dass kein zusätzliches Druckmittelvolumen benötigt wird. Somit kann der minimale Ansprechdruck des Druckspeichers 43 größer als der Druck ausgelegt werden, der nötig ist um die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 52, 53 in den entriegelten Zustand zu überführen.If the pressure in the
Die Erfindung kann auch Einsatz in einer Ausführungsform finden, in der die Drehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 52, 53 mittels einer separaten Steuerleitung mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt werden, die nicht mit den Druckkammern 35, 36 kommuniziert, sondern direkt mit einen zusätzlich am Steuerventil 40 ausgebildeten Steueranschluss verbunden ist.The invention can also be used in an embodiment in which the rotational angle limiting devices 52, 53 are acted upon by means of a separate control line with pressure medium, which does not communicate with the
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
- 11
- BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
- 22
- Kurbelwellecrankshaft
- 33
- Kolbenpiston
- 44
- Zylindercylinder
- 55
- Zugmitteltriebtraction drive
- 66
- Einlassnockenwelleintake camshaft
- 77
- Auslassnockenwelleexhaust
- 88th
- Nockencam
- 9a9a
- EinlassgaswechselventilInlet gas exchange valve
- 9b9b
- AuslassgaswechselventilAuslassgaswechselventil
- 1010
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 2121
- KettenradSprocket
- 2222
- Außenrotorouter rotor
- 22a22a
- Gehäusecasing
- 2323
- Innenrotorinner rotor
- 2424
- Seitendeckelside cover
- 2525
- Seitendeckelside cover
- 2626
- Nabenelementhub element
- 2727
- Flügelwing
- 27a27a
- Flügelfedernwing feathers
- 2828
- Flügelnutenvane
- 2929
- Umfangswandperipheral wall
- 3030
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 3131
- Axialöffnungaxial opening
- 3232
- Befestigungselementfastener
- 3333
- Druckraumpressure chamber
- 3434
- Begrenzungswandboundary wall
- 34a34a
- Frühanschlagearly stop
- 34b34b
- Spätanschlaglate stop
- 3535
- erste Druckkammerfirst pressure chamber
- 3636
- zweite Druckkammersecond pressure chamber
- 3737
- DruckmittelsystemPressure fluid system
- 3838
- DruckmittelpumpeHydraulic pump
- 3939
- Tanktank
- 4040
- Steuerventilcontrol valve
- 41 a41 a
- erste Druckmittelleitungfirst pressure medium line
- 41 b41 b
- zweite Druckmittelleitungsecond pressure medium line
- 41 p41 p
- dritte Druckmittelleitungthird pressure medium line
- 4242
- Rückschlagventilcheck valve
- 4343
- Druckspeicheraccumulator
- 4444
- Druckbehälterpressure vessel
- 4545
- Öffnungopening
- 4646
- Druckkolbenpressure piston
- 4747
- Federfeather
- 48a48a
- erster Anschlagfirst stop
- 48b48b
- zweiter Anschlagsecond stop
- 4949
- Dichtelementsealing element
- 5050
- Entlüftungsöffnungvent
- 5151
- Verriegelungsmechanismuslocking mechanism
- 5252
- DrehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungRotational angle limiting device
- 5353
- DrehwinkelbegrenzungsvorrichtungRotational angle limiting device
- 5454
- Stiftpen
- 5555
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 5656
- Federelementspring element
- 5757
- Steuerleitungcontrol line
- AA
- erster Arbeitsanschlussfirst work connection
- BB
- zweiter Arbeitsanschlusssecond work connection
- PP
- Zulaufanschluss T AblaufanschlussInlet connection T Drain connection
Claims (7)
- Device (10) for variably adjusting the control times of gas exchange valves (9a,b) of an internal combustion engine (1), having- a drive input element (22), a drive output element (23), at least one pressure chamber (35, 36), a pressure medium system (37) and a pressure accumulator (43),- wherein the pressure chamber (35, 36) and the pressure accumulator (43) communicate with the pressure medium system (37),- wherein a phase position between the drive output element (23) and the drive input element (22) can be varied by means of a supply or discharge of pressure medium into or out of the pressure chamber (35, 36) via the pressure medium system (37),- wherein the device (10) has a rotational angle limiting device (52, 53) which has a receptacle (55) and at least one engagement element (54) which is loaded with force in the direction of the receptacle (55), wherein in a locked state in which the engagement element (54) engages into the receptacle (55), the rotational angle limiting device (52, 53) limits the phase position of the drive output element (23) relative to the drive input element (22) at least to an angle range, wherein the rotational angle limiting device (52, 53) can be placed into an unlocked state by charging the receptacle (55) with pressure medium, characterized in that the pressure accumulator (43) is designed such that the minimum filling pressure thereof is lower than the pressure within the pressure medium system (37) at the idle speed of the internal combustion engine (1), and in that the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator (43) is greater than the minimum response pressure of the rotational angle limiting device (52, 53).
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure medium system (37) has a control valve (40), a pressure medium pump (38) and a plurality of pressure medium lines (41a,b,p), wherein the control valve (40) has at least one inflow port (P) and at least one working port (A, B), wherein a first pressure medium line (41a,b) connects the working port (A, B) to the pressure chamber (35, 36), wherein a further pressure medium line (41p) connects the pressure medium pump (38) to the inflow port (P), and wherein the pressure accumulator (43) opens into the further pressure medium line (41p) upstream of the control valve (40).
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that a check valve (42) is arranged in the pressure medium system (37) upstream of the position at which the pressure accumulator (43) opens into the pressure medium system (37), which check valve (42) at this position permits a pressure medium flow only in the direction of the opening position of the pressure accumulator (43).
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure accumulator (43) is arranged within a camshaft (6, 7).
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the pressure accumulator (43) corresponds at least to the volume that must be supplied to the device (10) in order to enable an adjustment which corresponds to a maximum admissible phase difference at a rotational speed.
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the minimum filling pressure of the pressure accumulator (43) is less than 1 bar.
- Device (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the minimum response pressure of the pressure accumulator (43) is greater than 0.3 bar.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007041552A DE102007041552A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2007-08-31 | Device for the variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
PCT/EP2008/060142 WO2009027178A1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2008-08-01 | Device for variably adjusting the control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2198130A1 EP2198130A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
EP2198130B1 true EP2198130B1 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
Family
ID=40104877
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08786762A Active EP2198130B1 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2008-08-01 | Device for variably adjusting the control times of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7874274B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2198130B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2010537120A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101802350B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE497090T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007041552A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009027178A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009034011B4 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2018-04-05 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Pressure accumulator to support the pressure medium supply of a camshaft adjuster an internal combustion engine |
DE102009034512A1 (en) * | 2009-07-25 | 2011-01-27 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for the variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
DE102009034804B4 (en) | 2009-07-25 | 2018-03-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Pressure accumulator to support the pressure medium supply of a camshaft adjuster an internal combustion engine |
DE102009035815A1 (en) * | 2009-08-01 | 2011-02-03 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | volume storage |
DE102009049461A1 (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | volume storage |
DE102009049459A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2011-04-21 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | volume storage |
DE102009050779B4 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2016-05-04 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Schwenkmotornockenwellenversteller with a friction disc and mounting method |
DE102009052841A1 (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-19 | Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh | camshafts use |
DE102010008006A1 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-18 | Schaeffler Technologies GmbH & Co. KG, 91074 | Impeller of a device for the variable adjustment of the timing of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine |
DE102010045358A1 (en) | 2010-04-10 | 2011-10-13 | Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh | Schwenkmotornockenwellenversteller with a hydraulic valve |
DE102010019005B4 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2017-03-23 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Schwenkmotorversteller |
DE102010053685B4 (en) | 2010-12-08 | 2014-10-30 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Device for adjusting the rotational angular position of a camshaft |
DE102010061337B4 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2015-07-09 | Hilite Germany Gmbh | Hydraulic valve for a Schwenkmotorversteller |
DE102011017325A1 (en) * | 2011-04-16 | 2012-10-18 | Daimler Ag | Cam shaft adjuster for internal combustion engine of hybrid motor car, has adjustment element connected with storage element for providing temperature-dependent twist moment, where adjustment element is designed as bimetallic element |
JP5722743B2 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2015-05-27 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Valve timing control device for internal combustion engine |
JP5739305B2 (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2015-06-24 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Valve timing control device for internal combustion engine |
CN104179541B (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2019-03-08 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Camshaft phase adjuster and variable cam timing system |
DE102013219075B4 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2020-11-26 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Multi-locking of a camshaft adjuster |
KR102142091B1 (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2020-08-06 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Spin obit torque(sot) mram |
JP2019157853A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-19 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | Zero pressure unlocking system for phaser |
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DE3616234A1 (en) * | 1986-05-14 | 1987-11-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR THE RELATIVE TURNING CHANGE OF TWO DRIVELY CONNECTED SHAFTS, ESPECIALLY BETWEEN A CRANKSHAFT AND CAMSHAFT BEARING IN A MACHINE HOUSING OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JPS63106309A (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1988-05-11 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Valve action timing selector for internal combustion engine |
DE4210580C2 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 2001-06-28 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for adjusting the angle of the camshaft of an internal combustion engine |
DE19529277A1 (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 1997-02-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for operating a hydraulically controlled / regulated camshaft adjusting device for internal combustion engines |
EP2320037B8 (en) | 1996-03-28 | 2013-11-13 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Camshaft phasing device |
JPH1054215A (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-02-24 | Nippon Soken Inc | Hydraulic pressure controller in lubrication circuit of internal combustion engine |
DE19823619A1 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 1999-12-02 | Porsche Ag | Device for changing the relative rotational position of a shaft to the drive wheel |
DE19929393A1 (en) * | 1999-06-26 | 2000-12-28 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Internal combustion engine camshaft adjustment system centers round electric magnet to smoothly control current load on pressure chambers to turn camshaft relative crankshaft and release locking element. |
JP2002047952A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | Valve timing controller of internal combustion engine |
DE10156510A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-06-05 | Audi Ag | System to correct the deviation of an adjustable camshaft |
JP3966003B2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2007-08-29 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
US6871620B2 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2005-03-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Variable cam timing unit oil supply arrangement |
DE102004035035B4 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2022-04-14 | Daimler Ag | Camshaft adjusters for internal combustion engines |
DE102004012460B3 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-10-13 | Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh | Camshaft adjuster with structurally freely selectable locking position |
DE102005036917A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-08 | Schaeffler Kg | Locking device for a camshaft adjuster of an internal combustion engine |
-
2007
- 2007-08-31 DE DE102007041552A patent/DE102007041552A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-08-01 JP JP2010522287A patent/JP2010537120A/en active Pending
- 2008-08-01 EP EP08786762A patent/EP2198130B1/en active Active
- 2008-08-01 AT AT08786762T patent/ATE497090T1/en active
- 2008-08-01 DE DE502008002507T patent/DE502008002507D1/en active Active
- 2008-08-01 CN CN2008801049516A patent/CN101802350B/en active Active
- 2008-08-01 WO PCT/EP2008/060142 patent/WO2009027178A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-08-28 US US12/199,899 patent/US7874274B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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DE102007041552A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
CN101802350B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
CN101802350A (en) | 2010-08-11 |
WO2009027178A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
ATE497090T1 (en) | 2011-02-15 |
DE502008002507D1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
US20090056656A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
EP2198130A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
JP2010537120A (en) | 2010-12-02 |
US7874274B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 |
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