EP2198129B1 - Desmodromische variable ventilbetätigung - Google Patents

Desmodromische variable ventilbetätigung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2198129B1
EP2198129B1 EP08763225A EP08763225A EP2198129B1 EP 2198129 B1 EP2198129 B1 EP 2198129B1 EP 08763225 A EP08763225 A EP 08763225A EP 08763225 A EP08763225 A EP 08763225A EP 2198129 B1 EP2198129 B1 EP 2198129B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
track
link
pivot
desmodromic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08763225A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2198129A2 (de
Inventor
Manousos Pattakos
John Pattakos
Emmanouel Pattakos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/759,392 external-priority patent/US7765965B2/en
Priority claimed from US11/764,970 external-priority patent/US20080314342A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2198129A2 publication Critical patent/EP2198129A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2198129B1 publication Critical patent/EP2198129B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/30—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of positively opened and closed valves, i.e. desmodromic valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
    • F01L13/0026—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio by means of an eccentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot

Definitions

  • the swivel joint is actuated positively in both directions by a link having a drive pin mounted at one end, the drive pin being engaged in a track to reciprocate therein.
  • the resulting valve mechanism is rid of restoring springs of any kind, it operates reliably at racing revs because it is rid of heavy fast moving parts like the track, and it is fully variable: it can change continuously and independently the valve duration arid the valve lift from a maximum value to even zero, i.e.
  • VVA variable valve actuation
  • US4,898,130 and US35,016,581 Jaguar - Parsons patents, wherein a rotating eccentric pin drives, via a link, a drive pin engaged in a track formed on a rocker arm.
  • Desmodromic VVAs are also described in US6,053,134 (Linebarger), in PCT/US2006/026429 (Decuir), in PCT/AU1998/000090 (Armstrong) etc.
  • Fig 1 shows a preferred embodiment.
  • Fig 2 shows a simplified Lost Motion version. This embodiment does not correspond to embodiments in accordance with this invention.
  • Fig 3 shows, from two different points of view, a desmodromic fully variable valve actuation mechanism applied on a pair of valves.
  • Figs 4 to 10 show the mechanism of Fig 3 after the removal of some parts to reveal the inner parts.
  • Fig 11 shows some details of the mechanism of Fig 3 .
  • Fig 12 shows another embodiment. This embodiment does not correspond to embodiments in accordance with this invention.
  • Fig 13 shows at top a mechanical valve lash adjuster and at bottom a hydraulic valve lash adjuster.
  • Fig 14 shows the mechanism of Fig 1 simplified.
  • Figs 15 to 18 show obvious modifications of the basic mechanism of Fig 1 . These embodiments do not correspond to embodiments in accordance with this invention.
  • Fig 19 shows the application of the valve mechanism in a Vee engine.
  • Fig 20 shows the variability of the various valve trains in a lift-duration plot.
  • Fig 21 shows the basic parts of a prototype cylinder head exhibited at international Engine Expo 2008, May 6 to 8, Stuttgart, Germany, details at www.pattakon.com
  • FIG. 1 shows, in cross-section, a cylinder head with an inlet valve 11 slidably located in a valve guide.
  • the valve 11 comprises a valve stem and a valve head, the latter being arranged to engage against a valve seat to close a port.
  • a valve actuator 10 is slidably fitted in a guide 101.
  • Means, like nut 112, lash adjustment washer 114 and elastic washer 113 are also provided to accommodate the valve lash adjustment and the thermal expansion and to assure the sealing of the valve against its seat when the valve is closed.
  • a track 4 is provided having a lost motion portion and an actuation portion.
  • Track 4 is pivotally mounted about a pivot at 12.
  • a first link 9 is pivotally mounted at one end about a pivot 150 on the valve actuator 10.
  • the link 9 is pivotally mounted at its other end about a pivot 151.
  • a second link 154 is pivotally mounted at one end about the pivot 151.
  • the link 154 is pivotally mounted at its other end to a pivot 156.
  • a third link 152 is pivotally mounted at one end about the pivot 151. At the other end of the link 152 is mounted a drive pin 31-32. the drive pin 31-32 engaging in the track 4. The separation between the drive pin 31-32 and the pivot 151 is equal to the radius of the lost motion portion of the track 4, and when the valve 11 is dosed, the pivot 151 is located at 12 such that the drive pin 31-32 will move freely around the lost motion portion of the track 4.
  • a crankshaft 157 has a crank 158 thereon; the crank 158, via a fourth link 155, displaces the drive pin 31-32 along the track 4.
  • crankshaft 157 which may be driven in suitable manner from the engine, will thus cause the linkage 155, 152 to oscillate causing drive pin 31-32 to reciprocate along the track 4. While the pin 31-32 engages the lost motion portion of track 4, the valve will remain closed. However, when the pin engages the actuation portion of the track 4, causes the linkage 154, 9 to oscillate causing valve 11 to open positively and to close positively.
  • the opening and closing point of the valve 11 will correspond to when the drive pin 31-32 will pass from the lost motion portion of track 4 to the actuation portion of track 4 and from the actuation portion of the track 4 back to the lost motion portion of track 4.
  • the angular displacement of the track 4 about 12 changes the opening and closing point of the valve and provides variable valve duration from a maximum to even zero if desirable.
  • the angular displacement of the pivot 156 about 12 changes the valve lift and provides variable valve lift from a maximum to even zero, if desirable.
  • the system is fully variable, i.e. after selecting the desirable valve duration by proper angular displacement of the track 4 about 12, the angular displacement of the pivot 156 about 12 changes continuously the valve lift without affecting the valve duration i.e. the system can change independently the valve lift and the valve duration.
  • the necessarily heavy track 4 moves only when a different valve duration is desirable. This way the track 4, which is the heaviest part of the mechanism, stays substantially immovable during an engine cycle.
  • the mechanism does not involve heavy parts, like track 4, that move or reciprocate at valve revs.
  • the valve stem is free of bending loads.
  • valve lash adjustment is either mechanical or hydraulic, Fig 13 .
  • a basic valve lift profile can be adjusted to a desirable form. Then, by proper angular displacement of the track 4 and of the pivot 156, the basic valve lift profile is modified to meet the instant needs of the engine. Every single point of the hatched area in Fig 20 is achievable providing a different mode of operation, and for every mode of operation the lash, the acceleration and the jerk of the valve can stay acceptably small.
  • FIG. 2 A simplified version of the system is shown in Fig 2 .
  • the pivot 156, the link 154, the link 9 and the pivot 150 have been removed.
  • the pivot 151 is transferred at the position of the former pivot 150 on the valve actuator 10.
  • the angular displacement of the track 4 changes the valve duration and the valve lift from a maximum to even zero, if desirable.
  • This version cannot provide independent variability for the valve lift and the valve duration.
  • the absence of the links 154 and 9 increases the thrust loads on valve actuator 10 and makes difficult the track geometry, in terms of drive pin acceleration and of surface loading.
  • the system can easily be adapted to new cylinder head designs.
  • the system can also be applied on used engines as a retrofit kit, for instance as shown at Fig 19 wherein a side cam engine is modified.
  • valve actuator 10 can be replaced by a rocker arm pivotally mounted at one end about a constant pivot, holding properly at its other end the valve.
  • pivot 150 is secured on the rocker arm.
  • an actuation pin can be used to displace the drive pin 31-32 along the track 4, like a linearly reciprocating pin or a pin reciprocating along an arc in synchronization to the engine etc.
  • the track 4 can be replaced by a control surface 51, while a spring restores the valve to the valve seat, to provide a fully variable, but not desmodromic, valve train, like the one in Fig 15 .
  • a pair of rollers 3 and 5, Figs 17 and 18 can replace the linkage 52, the first roller 3 rolling along a first control surface 7 that replaces the linkage 154, the second rollor 5 rolling along a second control surface 8 that replaces the track 4, while a cranshaft 1 wich a rotating control cam 2 can replace the crankshaft and the crank.
  • the control cam 2 displaces the roller 5 along the control surface 8
  • the roller 5 displaces the roller 3 along the control surface 7, so that the valve opens under the action of the control cam 2 and closes ur der the action of a restoring valve spring 6.
  • the valve lift and the valve duration are continuously and independently variable.
  • Figs 15 to 18 show the progressive degradation of the desmodromic mechanism of Fig 1 to a fully variable, but not desmodromic, valve actuation mechanism like the one described in US11/759,392 patent application.
  • valve actuator 10 and the link 9 can be replaced by a rocker arm having a roller thereon, the latter roller being displaced by the roller 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung bestehend aus mindestens:
    einem Ventil (11);
    einem Ventilaktuator (10), besagter Ventilaktuator (10) ist am Ventil (11) befestigt;
    Ein Bindeglied (9), besagtes Bindeglied (9), drehbar gelagert am einen Ende um eine Welle (150) an besagtem Ventilaktuator (10), besagtes Bindeglied (9) ist am gegenüberliegenden Ende auf einer Welle (151) gelagert;
    Ein zweites Bindeglied (154), besagtes Bindeglied (154) ist drehbar auf einer Steuerwelle (156) gelagert;
    Ein Drittes Bindeglied (152), besagtes drittes Bindeglied (152) ist wiederum an einem Ende drehbar am besagtem ersten Welle (151) gelagert,
    das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass es besteht aus einer Führungsbahn (4);
    besagtem zweiten Bindeglied (154), drehbar gelagert am einen Ende auf besagter Welle (151), besagtem zweiten Bindeglied (154), drehbar gelagert am anderen Ende auf einer Steuerwelle (156);
    ein Führungszapfen (31-32),
    besagtem Führungszapfen (31-32), der im Eingriff mit besagter Führungsbahn (4) ist;
    besagtem Führungszapfen (31-32), gelagert am anderen Ende auf besagtem dritten Bindeglied (152);
    einem Kurbelzapfen (158), besagter Kurbelzapfen (158),
    bewegt mittels eines vierten Bindeglieds (155) besagten Führungszapfen (31-32) entlang der besagten Führungsbahn (4),
    besagte Führungsbahn (4) gekennzeichnet durch einen Bewegungsneutralen und einen Bewegungsumformenden Teil,
    sodass die Bewegung des Kurbelzapfens das Gestänge in oszillierende Bewegung versetzt und den Führungszapfen entlang der Führungbahn hin und her bewegt, sodass beim Eingriff des Führungszapfens in den bewegungsneutralen Teil der Führungsbahn das Ventil geschlossen bleibt, sowie beim Eingriff des Führungszapfens in den bewegungsumformenden Teil das Ventil geöffnet und geschlossen wird, sodass die Gaswechselventilsteuerung frei ist von Trägheitskräften bewegter Führungsbahnen, sodass eine höhere maximale Motordrehzahl erzielt werden kann.
  2. Eine in Anpruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die eine Steuerwelle (156) aufweist, die drehbar im Zentrum (12) gelagert ist, um den Ventilweg von Ventil (11) zu steuern.
  3. Eine in Anspruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die einen Führungsbahn (156) aufweist, die drehbar im Zentrum (12) gelagert ist, um die Öffnungsdauer von Ventil (11) zu steuern.
  4. Eine in Anpruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die eine Steuerwelle (156) aufweist, die drehbar im Zentrum (12) gelagert ist und eine Führungsbahn (4) aufweist, die drehbar im selben Zentrum (12) gelagert ist, um den Ventilweg und die Öffnungsdauer von Ventil (11) unabhängig von einander zu steuern.
  5. Eine in Anpruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die einen Ventilaktuator (10) aufweist, der verschiebbar in eine Führung (101) eingepasst ist.
  6. Eine in Anpruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die einen Ventilaktuator (10) aufweist, bestehend aus Spiel einstellenden Elementen (112,114) und elastischen Elementen (113) um Wärmedehnung auszugleichen und um die Dichtheit von Ventil und Ventilsitz zu verbessern, wenn das Ventil geschlossen ist.
  7. Eine in Anspruch 1 beschriebene desmodromische Vorrichtung zur Gaswechselventilsteuerung, die einen Ventilaktuator (10) aufweist, der als ein an einem Ende drehbar gelagerter Hebel ausgeführt ist und am anderen Ende mit dem Ventilschaft von Ventil(11) verbunden ist.
EP08763225A 2007-06-07 2008-06-06 Desmodromische variable ventilbetätigung Not-in-force EP2198129B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/759,392 US7765965B2 (en) 2007-06-07 2007-06-07 Fully variable valve actuation
US11/764,970 US20080314342A1 (en) 2007-06-19 2007-06-19 Desmodromic variable valve actuation
PCT/IB2008/052228 WO2008149316A2 (en) 2007-06-07 2008-06-06 Desmodromic variable valve actuation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2198129A2 EP2198129A2 (de) 2010-06-23
EP2198129B1 true EP2198129B1 (de) 2011-05-25

Family

ID=39791740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08763225A Not-in-force EP2198129B1 (de) 2007-06-07 2008-06-06 Desmodromische variable ventilbetätigung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2198129B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE510999T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008149316A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201307317D0 (en) 2013-04-23 2013-05-29 Camcon Auto Ltd Valve System and Methods of Operation Thereof
EP4375491A1 (de) * 2022-11-22 2024-05-29 Marik S.r.l. Ventiltrieb

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR557079A (fr) * 1922-01-25 1923-08-02 Moteur à explosion
DE3022188A1 (de) * 1980-06-13 1981-12-24 Teodoro 4300 Essen Holtmann Ventilsteuerungseinrichtung eines verbrennungsmotors
GB8920361D0 (en) * 1989-09-08 1989-10-25 Jaguar Cars Valve mechanisms
ES2120346B1 (es) * 1995-11-10 1999-05-16 Campo Garraza Pedro Jose Dispositivo mecanico de accionamiento lineal alternativo.
DE10100173A1 (de) * 2001-01-04 2002-07-11 Fev Motorentech Gmbh Vollvariabler mechanischer Ventiltrieb für eine Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE10155007A1 (de) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-15 Herbert Naumann Hubventilsteuerung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE510999T1 (de) 2011-06-15
WO2008149316A3 (en) 2009-03-12
WO2008149316A2 (en) 2008-12-11
EP2198129A2 (de) 2010-06-23

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