Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
  • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants

Definitions

• the present invention relates to blended lubricant base oils useful in formulating engine oil lubricant compositions having low deposition and varnish-forming tendency.
• Lubricating compositions for use in internal combustion engines typically comprise a base oil and a variety of additives to enhance the performance characteristics of the base oil.
• Important performance characteristics of a base oil include oxidation stability, additive solubility and deposit control. Because the base oil is the major constituent in these lubricating compositions, it contributes significantly to the properties of the finished lubricant.
• lubricant manufacturers are seeking base oils that have better performance characteristics than many petroleum derived base oils presently used in lubricating compositions. Thus, there is a trend toward using synthetic base oils such as polyalphaolefins (PAOs) that have better oxidation stability, for example, than petroleum derived base oils.
• PAOs polyalphaolefins
• PAO base oils are produced by a chemical polymerization process. Although PAOs exhibit good oxidation stability and deposit control, they have poor additive solubility and are expensive to produce. Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) derived lubricant base oils are desirable for their oxidation stability biodegradability and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as sulfur. Although F-T base oils are less expensive to produce than PAOs, F-T oils do not exhibit the same deposit control properties as PAOs. It would be useful, therefore, to provide a base oil comprising an F-T base oil that exhibits good deposit control.
• F-T Fischer-Tropsch
• a lubricant base oil blend consisting essentially from about 20 wt % to about 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the blend, of an F-T Group III base oil containing less than 5 wt % cycloparaffins, the balance of the blend being a Group III base oil containing at least 35 wt % cycloparaffins.
• an engine oil composition comprising: a major amount of a base oil blend consisting essentially of 20 wt % to about 80 wt % of an F-T Group III base oil having less than 5 wt % cycloparaffins and the balance being a Group III base oil having at least 30 wt % cycloparaffins; and at least one engine oil additive selected from dispersants, detergents, antiwear agents, VI improvers, antioxidants, defoamants, friction modifiers and rust inhibitors.
• the F-T Group III oils used in the present invention are derived from synthesis gas in the F-T hydrocarbon synthesis process.
• the other Group III oils used in the base oil blends of the invention may be derived from natural petroleum base stocks.
• the F-T Group III oils used in the base oil blends are characterized as having less than 5 wt % cycloparaffins, for example, from about 0.5 wt % to about 4.75 wt % where the mono to cycloparaffins ratio is 10/1 or greater.
• the F-T Group III oil will have a kinematic viscosity in the range of about 2.0 to 8.0 mm ⁇ /s at 100 0 C and preferably in the range of about 3.5 to 6.5 at 100°C.
• the F-T Group III oils used in the present invention have predominantly paraff ⁇ nic components.
• the F-T Group III oils have less than 0.1 wt % aromatic hydrocarbons, less than 20 wppm nitrogen- containing compounds and less than 20 wppm sulfur-containing compounds. These F-T oils typically have an initial boiling point of about 345°C.
• Group III oils used in the invention have a pour point lower than - 18 0 C preferably lower than -21 0 C.
• the F-T Group III oils are prepared by catalytically converting a synthesis gas comprising a mixture of H2 and CO into hydrocarbons, usually waxy hydrocarbons (referred to as F-T wax).
• F-T wax is then converted to lower boiling material by processes comprising hydroisomerization and hydrotreating. These processes are all well known by persons of ordinary skill in the art.
• F-T wax may include preliminary treatment to remove oxygenates. Treatment to remove any sulfur and nitrogen compounds is not normally needed because F-T waxes have only trace amounts of sulfur or nitrogen.
• the base oil blend of the invention consists essentially of from about
• the balance (i.e., about 80 wt % to about 20 wt %) of the base oil blend of the invention consists of a Group III oil having at least 35 wt % cycloparaffins, preferably from 40 wt % to about 50 wt % and more preferably from about 44 wt % to 50 wt %.
• Group III oils typically are derived from natural petroleum base stocks and are commercially available materials. Typically, they will have a kinematic viscosity in the range of about 3.5 mm ⁇ /s to about 6.5 mm ⁇ /s at 100 0 C.
• These Group III oils will have a nominal initial boiling point of about 365 0 C and a pour point lower than -18°C and preferably lower than -21 0 C.
• the base oil blends of the invention are particularly suitable for use in preparing lubricating oils for internal combustion engines. They may be formulated to have a single viscosity grade, such as SAE 30. Preferably, the base oil blends are formulated with VI improvers that provide the composition with a multi-viscosity grade such as 5W30 and 5W40 grades.
• one embodiment of the invention provides an engine oil lubricating composition
• a major amount of a base oil blend consisting essentially of 20 wt % to about 80 wt % of an F-T Group IH base oil having less than 5 wt % cycloparaffins and the balance being a Group III base oil having at least 30 wt % cycloparaffins; and
• At least one engine oil additive selected from dispersants, detergents, antiwear agents, VI improvers, antioxidants, defoamants, friction modifiers and rust inhibitors.
• Suitable dispersants include succinimide dispersants, ester dispersants, ester-amide dispersants, and the like.
• the dispersant is a succinimide dispersant, especially a polybutenyl succinimide.
• the molecular weight of the polybutenyl group may range from about 800 to about 4000 or more and preferably from about 1300 to about 2500.
• the dispersant may be head capped or borated or both.
• Examples of useful detergents are the alkali and alkaline earth metal salicylates, alkylsalicylates, phenates and sulfonates.
• a commonly used class of antiwear additives is zinc dialkyldithiophosphates in which the alkyl groups typically have from 3 to about 18 carbon atoms with 3 to 10 carbon atoms being preferred.
• Suitable VI improvers include linear or radial styrene-isoprene VI improvers, olefin copolymers, polymethacrylates, and the like.
• suitable antioxidants include aminic antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants. Typical aminic antioxidants include alkylated aromatic amines, especially those in which the alkyl group contains no more than 14 carbon atoms.
• Typical phenolic antioxidants include derivatives of dihydroxy aryl compounds in which the hydroxyl groups are in the o- or p- position to each other and which contain alkyl substituents. Mixtures of phenolic and aminic antioxidants also may be used. Such antioxidant(s) may be used in an amount of about 0.02 to 5 wt % and preferably about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.
• Suitable antifoam additives include silicone oils or polysiloxane oils usually used in amounts of from 0.0001 to 0.01 wt % active ingredient.
• Pour point depressants are well known lubricant additives. Typical examples are dialkylfumarates, polyalkylmethacrylates, and the like.
• the number and types of friction modifiers are voluminous. In general, they include metal salts of fatty acids, glycerol esters and alkoxylated fatty amines to mention a few.
• Rust inhibitors selected from the group consisting of nonionic polyoxyalkylene polyols and esters thereof, polyoxyalkylene phenols and aminic alkyl sulfonic acids may be used.
• the various lubricant additives will comprise from about 0.5 wt % to about 25 wt % and preferably from about 2 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.
• a series of oils were formulated using the base oils and base oil blends shown in Table 2.
• the cycloparaffin content shown in Table 2 was determined by the Brandes Infra Red Method (see Brandes G., Brennstoff-Chem, 37, 1956, pages 263-267).
• Each formulation contained the same commercially available additive package (adpack).
• the adpack contained a non-borated PIB succinimide dispersant, calcium and magnesium detergent, zinc alkyldithiophosphate antiwear agent, and a polydimethylsilicone antifoamant.
• oils were formulated to a target kinematic viscosity at 100 0 C of about 14 mm ⁇ /s.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40352823

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2008
  • 2008-08-20 US US12/229,161 patent/US20090054285A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-08-21 WO PCT/US2008/009970 patent/WO2009025844A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2008-08-21 EP EP08795504A patent/EP2193185A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-08-21 CA CA2697030A patent/CA2697030A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-08-21 SG SG2012062485A patent/SG183764A1/en unknown
  • 2008-08-21 SG SG10201706802TA patent/SG10201706802TA/en unknown

Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events