EP2191537A1 - Antenne de type helice a brins rayonnants a motif sinusoïdal et procede de fabrication associe - Google Patents
Antenne de type helice a brins rayonnants a motif sinusoïdal et procede de fabrication associeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2191537A1 EP2191537A1 EP08804012A EP08804012A EP2191537A1 EP 2191537 A1 EP2191537 A1 EP 2191537A1 EP 08804012 A EP08804012 A EP 08804012A EP 08804012 A EP08804012 A EP 08804012A EP 2191537 A1 EP2191537 A1 EP 2191537A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- radiating
- strands
- antenna according
- radiating strands
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
Definitions
- the present invention relates to helical type antennas.
- it relates to printed quadrifilar helix type antennas.
- Such antennas find particular application in L-band telemetry systems (operating frequency between 1 and 2 GHz, typically around 1.5 GHz) for stratospheric balloon payloads.
- the printed helix antennas have the advantage of being simple and inexpensive to manufacture. They are particularly suitable for L-band circular polarization telemetry signals used in stratospheric balloon payloads. They also offer a good ellipticity rate and therefore a good circular polarization over a wide range of elevation angles.
- EP 0320404 discloses a printed helix antenna and its manufacturing method. Such an antenna comprises four radiating strands in the form of metal strips obtained by removing material from the metallization on either side of the strips of a metallized zone of a printed circuit. The printed circuit is intended to be wound helically around a cylinder. These antennas although offering good performance are however cumbersome.
- Compact helical antennas comprising meandering radiating strands have been proposed to reduce the size of antennas of this type.
- payloads of stratospheric balloons require increasingly compact antennas while maintaining good performance.
- the reduced-size antenna must maintain a radiation pattern, especially in main polarization, consistent with the intended application.
- the aim of the invention is to reduce the size of the known type of helix antennas and / or to improve the compliance of the radiation pattern with the specifications of the application targeted by the antenna or at least to maintain performance equivalent to antennas. higher bulk.
- the invention relates to a helical antenna comprising a plurality of radiating strands helically wound in a form of revolution.
- y A 0 sin and A k correspond respectively at the frequency and the amplitude of the sinusoid of index k.
- Such an antenna allows, depending on the pattern, to reduce by more than 30% the space requirement, in particular the height, while maintaining performance equivalent to that of the known type of propeller antennas. of larger dimensions, in particular in terms of performance in adaptation and performance in radiation pattern.
- the antenna of the invention is of reduced size while respecting a very precise specification in terms of radiation pattern and polarization purity.
- the use of reference patterns defined by at least one sinusoid for the radiating strands makes it possible to improve the conformity of the radiation pattern with the specifications of the application, for example by adjusting the gain level in the beam. axis when the main radiation mode of the antenna is radial.
- the reference pattern is a superposition of a plurality of sinusoid and is in particular given by an analytic function defined in a coordinate system whose abscissa axis is the direction axis of the radiating strands.
- the coefficients ⁇ ⁇ v and A k correspond respectively to the frequency and the amplitude of the sinusoid of index k.
- the parameter v corresponds to the frequency of the fundamental sinusoid.
- the radiating strands are obtained by repeating a reference pattern.
- the simplest case corresponds to radiating strands defined by a single reference pattern.
- the reference pattern can be composed of:
- Each radiating strand comprises a number reference pattern integer, typically between 1 and 10.
- the radiating strands are each constituted by a determined metallized zone, helically wound on the lateral surface of a sleeve, such that the director axis of each strand is distant from the axis of the next strand by a determined distance, defined according to any perpendicular to any guide line of the sleeve as the distance between two points, each defined by an intersection between the axis of a strand and a perpendicular to any guide line of the sleeve.
- the distance between the axis of each strand is equal to the perimeter of the sleeve divided by the number of radiating strands.
- the radiating strands are connected firstly in a short circuit at a first end to a conductive area and secondly at a second end to a supply circuit.
- the antenna comprises a printed circuit on which are formed the metallized zones, the circuit being able to be wound around a sleeve forming a form of revolution.
- Each radiating strand is obtained by removal of material from a metallized area of the printed circuit on either side of the patterns of the radiating strands.
- the form of revolution is cylindrical or conical.
- the radiating strands may be identical and advantageously four in number.
- the antenna of the invention can, moreover, integrate into a telemetry system.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a helix-type antenna, comprising a step in which a plurality of radiating strands are formed in determined zones in order to be helically wound in a form of revolution. , characterized in that each radiating strand comprises at least one reference pattern defined by an analytic function defined in a reference frame whose abscissa axis is the direction axis of the radiating strands and
- the manufacturing method further comprises the following steps in which: - a double-sided flexible printed circuit sheet is cut to the corresponding dimensions for a cylindrical sleeve of given dimensions; a first zone and a second zone intended to contain the radiating strands and a supply circuit are delimited on the printed circuit, respectively; removing the metallization at the first zone on a first face of the printed circuit, the metallization being maintained over the whole of the first zone to constitute the reference propagation plane; the second face of the printed circuit is formed, at the level of the first zone, by removing material from the metallization on either side of the determined zones, the radiating strands and the upper conductive zone and at the level of the second zone; , by removing material from the metallization zone conductive forming with the reference plane of propagation the ribbon line; the printed circuit board is wound on the reference plane of propagation plane or radiating strands on a sleeve.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates in developed a helical antenna of known type
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates a front view of a known type of helix antenna
- FIG. 3 illustrates a reference pattern composed of a sinusoid
- FIG. 4 illustrates a reference pattern composed of the superposition of two sinusoids whose frequency ratio is equal to ten
- FIG. 5 illustrates a reference pattern composed of the superposition of two sinusoids whose frequency ratio is equal to three
- FIG. 6 illustrates in development a helical type antenna comprising strands obtained with the reference pattern of FIG. 3
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates in developed a helical antenna of known type
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates a front view of a known type of helix antenna
- FIG. 3 illustrates a reference pattern composed of a sinusoid
- FIG. 4 illustrates a reference pattern composed of the superposition of two sinusoids whose frequency ratio is equal to ten
- FIG. 5 illustrates a reference pattern composed of the superposition of two
- FIG. 7 illustrates in developing a helical type antenna comprising strands obtained with the reference pattern FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 illustrates in developing a helical type antenna comprising strands obtained with the reference pattern of FIG. 5;
- Figure 9 illustrates helically wound radiating strands obtained with the reference pattern of Figure 3;
- FIG. 10 illustrates helically wound the radiating strands obtained with the reference pattern of FIG. 4;
- Figure 11 illustrates helically wound radiating strands obtained with the reference pattern of Figure 5;
- Figures 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d illustrate steps of the method of manufacturing an antenna according to the present invention;
- FIG. 13 illustrates the performance in adaptation of a reference antenna and antennas comprising radiating strands obtained with the reference patterns of FIGS. 3, 4 and 5;
- Figures 14a, 14b and 14c illustrate simulated radiation patterns of the antennas shown in Figures 1, 6, 7 and 8.
- Figure 1 shows a developed helical antenna and Figure 2 shows a front view of a helical antenna.
- Such an antenna comprises two parts 1, 2.
- Part 1 comprises a conductive zone 10 and four radiating strands 11, 12, 13 and 14.
- the helical type antenna comprises four radiating strands 11, 12, 13, 14 helically wound in a form of revolution around a sleeve 15, for example.
- the strands 11 -14 are connected on the one hand in short circuit at a first end 111, 121, 131, 141 strands to the conductive zone 10 and secondly in a second end 112, 122, 132, 142 of the strands to the feed circuit 20.
- the radiating strands 11-14 of the antenna may be identical and are for example four in number.
- the antenna is in this case quadrifilar.
- the sleeve 15 on which the antenna is wound is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 to form the antenna as shown in FIG.
- the radiating strands 11-14 are oriented so that a support axis AA ', BB', CC and DD 'of each strand forms an angle ⁇ with respect to any plane orthogonal to any direct line L of the sleeve 15.
- This angle ⁇ corresponds to the helical winding angle of the radiating strands.
- the radiating strands 11-14 are each constituted by a metallized zone.
- the metallized zones of part 1 are symmetrical bands with respect to a guide axis AA ', BB', CC, DD 'of the strands.
- the distance d between two successive strands is defined along any perpendicular to any line L of the sleeve 15 as the distance between two points, each defined as the intersection of the said perpendicular with an axis of the strands. For example, to obtain a symmetrical quadrifilar antenna, this distance d will be fixed at a quarter of the perimeter of the sleeve 15.
- the substrate supporting the metal strips is helically wound on the lateral surface of the sleeve 15.
- the two parts 1, 2 are formed on a printed circuit 100.
- the radiating strands 11-14 are then metal strips obtained by removal of material on each side of the strips of a metallized zone, on the surface of the printed circuit 100.
- the printed circuit 100 is intended to be wound around a sleeve 15 having a general shape of revolution, such as a cylinder or a cone, for example.
- Part 2 of the antenna comprises a supply circuit 20 of the antenna.
- the supply circuit 20 of the antenna is constituted by a transmission line of the meander-shaped ribbon line type, ensuring both the function of distribution of the supply and adaptation of the radiating strands 11-14 of the antenna.
- the supply of the radiating elements is at equal amplitudes with a progression of phases in quadrature.
- the reduction of the size of the helix type antennas as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is obtained by the use of patterns defined by at least one sinusoid.
- the radiating strands are composed of at least one reference pattern defined by at least one sinusoid.
- the coefficients ⁇ ⁇ v and A k correspond respectively to the frequency and the amplitude of the sinusoid of index k.
- the parameter v corresponds to the frequency of the fundamental sinusoid.
- the function defining a reference pattern can then be put in the form for O ⁇ x ⁇ T defined in a Cartesian coordinate system whose abscissa axis corresponds to the direction axis of the radiating strands AA ', BB', CC, DD '.
- the choice of the pattern itself is guided by the radiation performance of the antenna.
- amplitude of the sinusoids must not induce overlap between adjacent radiating strands.
- a simple sizing rule is to take A 0 ⁇ , with ⁇ the helical winding angle.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a sinusoidal reference pattern MR1 supporting the axis AA '.
- the pattern is called “simple”, it is indeed a sine function over a period. From the superposition of at least two sinusoids the pattern is called "complex”.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a reference pattern MR2 defined by a superposition of two sinusoids.
- the reference pattern MR2 of this figure has an amplitude ratio equal to 0.4 and a frequency ratio equal to 10.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a reference pattern MR3 defined as the MR2 pattern by a superposition of two sinusoids.
- the reference pattern MR3 of this figure has an amplitude ratio equal to 1 and a frequency ratio equal to 3.
- This amplitude is also chosen to avoid overlapping problems between adjacent strands.
- a first case for which each radiating strand comprises a single reference pattern MR1, MR2 or MR3.
- FIG. 6 illustrates in development a helical type antenna comprising four radiating strands each defined by the simple reference pattern MR1 of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 7 illustrates in developing a helix-type antenna comprising four radiating strands each defined by ten repetitions of the simple reference pattern MR1 of FIG.
- FIG. 8 illustrates in development a helical type antenna comprising four radiating strands defined by eight repetitions of the complex reference pattern MR2 of FIG. 3.
- the use of radiating strands defined by at least one sinusoid reduces the size of the antennas, the largest reductions are obtained by the use of complex sinusoidal patterns. This is the case of the helix-type antennas illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the use of radiating strands defined by at least one sinusoid makes it possible to form the diagram without substantially reducing the height of the helix. .
- the sinusoidal pattern makes it possible to improve the shape of the radiation pattern to make the antenna performance compatible with the intended application.
- Such patterns for the radiating strands of the antenna allow to "fold" the strands optimally without degrading the performance of the antenna.
- the length of the strands sets the frequency of operation of the antenna.
- FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 The folding effect obtained is illustrated in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the part 1 of a helical antenna comprising radiating strands wound helically. They are four-core antennas, called quadrifilars.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an antenna with four radiating strands each having a pattern defined by the single sinusoidal pattern MR1. This antenna is the coiled representation of the developed version of the antenna of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 illustrates an antenna with four radiating strands each having a pattern defined by the repetition of the complex sinusoidal pattern MR2. This antenna is the coiled representation of the developed version of the antenna of FIG. 7.
- Figure 11 illustrates an antenna with four radiating strands each having a pattern defined by the repetition of the complex sinusoidal pattern MR3. This antenna is the coiled representation of the developed version of the antenna of FIG. 8.
- the helical winding angle ⁇ sets the number of revolutions of the helix for a given radiating strand length and therefore has an impact on the type of radiation pattern, in particular the position of the main polarization directivity maxima.
- the spacing d between a support axis of one strand and the next is related to the perimeter of the sleeve 15.
- the spacing d is equal to the perimeter of the sleeve divided by the number of strands of the antenna. From one strand to another the spacing is identical which ensures a symmetrical radiation pattern.
- the method comprises in particular a step during which a plurality of radiating strands are formed in defined zones, to be helically wound in a form of revolution.
- each radiating strand is defined by at least one sinusoid.
- the method further comprises the following steps.
- Figures 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d illustrate the steps of the method.
- a double-sided flexible printed circuit board 101, 102 is cut to the corresponding dimensions for a cylindrical sleeve 15 of given dimensions.
- a first zone 1 and a second zone 2 intended to contain the radiating strands and a supply circuit 20, respectively, are delimited on the printed circuit 100.
- the metallization is eliminated at the first zone on a first face 101 of the printed circuit 100, the metallization being maintained on the whole of the second zone 102 to constitute the reference propagation plane.
- material is formed at the first zone 1 on the one hand from the metallization according to the determined zones, the radiating strands and the upper conductive zone, and on the second zone 2 on the other hand a conductive area forming with the reference plane of propagation the ribbon line.
- the printed circuit board 100 is wound on reference propagation plane side or radiating strand sides on a sleeve 15.
- antenna A In order to validate the antenna structure that has just been described, several prototypes have been simulated, antenna A, antenna B and antenna C.
- the part 1 of the helix type antennas comprises radiating strands to the patterns presented above.
- the radiating strands with one or more simple or complex pattern (es) were generated by a code answering specifically to this need.
- This code allows in particular to set the parameters of the different sinusoids that we want to superimpose.
- the outputs of the code are the coordinates of the points defining the radiating strands either flat for the production of the mask necessary for the manufacture of the printed circuit or on a cylindrical or conical shape as an input for a commercial electromagnetic simulation software.
- the operating frequency is identical between the reference antenna and the antennas with radiating strands with sinusoidal pattern. For this purpose the length of the strands has been adjusted.
- FIG. 6 antenna A
- FIG. 7 antenna B
- FIG. 8 antenna B
- the input impedance of the antennas is 50 ⁇ .
- the sleeve 15 is used for the realization of the reference antenna, antenna A and antenna B and antenna C.
- the sleeve 15 in question has a diameter equal to 25 mm.
- the distance between two consecutive strands corresponds to a quarter of the perimeter of the sleeve, if we neglect the thickness of the substrate supporting the printed strands. For the three antennas analyzed, this distance is therefore equal to 19.6 mm.
- the table below summarizes the characteristics of the reference antenna and the antennas tested.
- the three antennas (A, B and C) considered were sized to have the same resonance frequency as the reference antenna, namely 1.78 GHz.
- Figure 13 illustrates the results obtained in adaptation.
- the curves 131, 132, 133 and 134 illustrate the performance in adaptation for the antennas A, B, C and reference respectively.
- the antenna A has an adaptation very similar to that of the reference antenna. Also, the antennas B and C have a larger bandwidth.
- FIGS. 14a, 14b and 14c illustrate the diagrams obtained in simulation for antenna A, antenna B and antenna C. For each of these results, the diagrams of antennas A, B and C are compared. to the diagram of the reference antenna.
- the curves 141 and 142 illustrate the radiation patterns of the antenna A or B or C in main polarization and crossed polarization respectively
- the curves 143 and 144 illustrate the radiation patterns of the main polarization reference antenna and in cross polarization respectively
- the curve 145 is a template representing the minimum required values in main polarization for a telemetry application for stratospheric balloons.
Landscapes
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757485A FR2920917B1 (fr) | 2007-09-11 | 2007-09-11 | Antenne de type helice a brins rayonnants a motif sinusoidal et procede de fabrication associe. |
PCT/EP2008/062045 WO2009034125A1 (fr) | 2007-09-11 | 2008-09-11 | Antenne de type helice a brins rayonnants a motif sinusoïdal et procede de fabrication associe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2191537A1 true EP2191537A1 (fr) | 2010-06-02 |
Family
ID=39155397
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08804012A Withdrawn EP2191537A1 (fr) | 2007-09-11 | 2008-09-11 | Antenne de type helice a brins rayonnants a motif sinusoïdal et procede de fabrication associe |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8259030B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2191537A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2920917B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009034125A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2916581B1 (fr) * | 2007-05-21 | 2009-08-28 | Cnes Epic | Antenne de type helice. |
FR2988524B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-21 | 2014-03-28 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Antenne helice compacte a profil sinusoidal modulant un motif fractal |
KR20220017399A (ko) | 2019-06-13 | 2022-02-11 | 에이브이엑스 안테나 인코포레이티드 | 튜브 구조 주위에 감긴 가요성 기판에 헬리컬 안테나가 배치된 안테나 어셈블리 |
CN110611162B (zh) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-09-25 | 西安矩阵无线科技有限公司 | 一种星载小型化双频四臂螺旋天线 |
CN116073116B (zh) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种基于指数螺距的正弦折叠螺旋天线 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2624656B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-10 | 1990-05-18 | Centre Nat Etd Spatiales | Antenne de type helice et son procede de realisation |
GB9417450D0 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1994-10-19 | Symmetricom Inc | An antenna |
FI113814B (fi) * | 1997-11-27 | 2004-06-15 | Nokia Corp | Monilankaiset helix-antennit |
JP2001102852A (ja) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-13 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | ヘリカルアンテナ |
GB0204014D0 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2002-04-03 | Univ Surrey | Improvements relating to multifilar helix antennas |
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 FR FR0757485A patent/FR2920917B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-11 EP EP08804012A patent/EP2191537A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-09-11 US US12/677,597 patent/US8259030B2/en active Active
- 2008-09-11 WO PCT/EP2008/062045 patent/WO2009034125A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009034125A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2920917B1 (fr) | 2010-08-20 |
US20100194665A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
WO2009034125A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
US8259030B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
FR2920917A1 (fr) | 2009-03-13 |
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