EP2190709B1 - Method for operating a drive train - Google Patents

Method for operating a drive train Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2190709B1
EP2190709B1 EP08804231A EP08804231A EP2190709B1 EP 2190709 B1 EP2190709 B1 EP 2190709B1 EP 08804231 A EP08804231 A EP 08804231A EP 08804231 A EP08804231 A EP 08804231A EP 2190709 B1 EP2190709 B1 EP 2190709B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
clutch
electric motor
drive
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Not-in-force
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EP08804231A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2190709A2 (en
Inventor
Christian Mittelberger
Stefan Blattner
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of EP2190709A2 publication Critical patent/EP2190709A2/en
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Publication of EP2190709B1 publication Critical patent/EP2190709B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a drive train comprising at least one transmission and a hybrid drive of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and as is apparent from the document FR 2 882 697 is known.
  • the main components of a drive train of a motor vehicle are a drive unit and a transmission.
  • a gearbox converts torques and speeds and thus converts the tractive power of the drive unit.
  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a drive train, which comprises at least one transmission and a drive unit as a hybrid drive.
  • the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel method for operating a powertrain comprising a transmission and a hybrid drive.
  • the present invention is based on the idea to start the engine from the electric motor after execution of a gear change during the load build-up of a circuit and thus after cancellation of the traction interruption.
  • the traction interruption is therefore not extended, changing the starting of the engine load structure of the circuit is not perceived by the driver as disturbing, so that the starting of the engine with high comfort can be realized.
  • the internal combustion engine is started from a gear having a relatively high gear ratio to a gear having a relatively low gear ratio from the electric motor.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle comprising at least one transmission and a hybrid drive.
  • a hybrid drive includes an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
  • Fig. 1 to 3 show exemplary powertrain schemes of a motor vehicle, in which the inventive method is used.
  • Fig. 1 a diagram of a drive train 1 of a motor vehicle, wherein the drive train 1 according to Fig. 1 comprises a hybrid drive, which is formed by an internal combustion engine 2 and an electric motor 3. Between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3, a clutch 4 is connected, which, when the drive train 1 is operated exclusively by the electric motor 3, is open.
  • the drive train 1 according to Fig. 1 furthermore, a transmission 5, which converts the traction power provided by the hybrid drive to an output 6, namely wheels to be driven, of the drive train.
  • FIG. 3 Another schematic of a powertrain 9 of a motor vehicle shows Fig. 3 , wherein the drive train according to Fig. 3 from the powertrain of Fig. 2 differs in that between the electric motor 3 of the hybrid drive and the transmission 5 no clutch but rather a converter device 10 is connected.
  • the starting of the internal combustion engine 2 is therefore carried out after execution of the gear change during the load build-up of the circuit and therefore when the electric motor 3 is coupled to the output 6 of the drive train.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is started by the electric motor 3 during the load build-up of an upshift from a gear with a relatively high gear ratio into a gear with a relatively low gear ratio.
  • This has the advantage that the start of the engine 2 takes place when the gear with the relatively low gear ratio is already engaged, whereby the disturbance torque is reduced and acting on the output inertia of the engine is less disturbing.
  • the electric motor For starting the internal combustion engine 2 from the electric motor 3 during load building of a circuit to be executed, the electric motor is coupled without traction interruption to the output 6 of the drive train, wherein for starting the internal combustion engine 2, the rotational speed of the electric motor 3 is greater than a starting rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the controlled closing and opening of the clutch 4 connected between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 during starting of the engine 2 during the load build-up of the circuit is such that the clutch 4 is first partially closed and slid to a point where transmitted torque from the clutch 4 overcomes a breakaway torque of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the above, defined closing and opening of the clutch 4 can be timed according to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, for which purpose in a first predetermined period of time, the clutch 4 is partially closed to the point where it transmits the torque required to overcome the breakaway torque in that the partially closed position of the clutch 4 is subsequently kept constant for a second predetermined period of time, and that thereafter the clutch 4 is again completely opened in a third predetermined period of time.
  • These time periods are then predetermined, whereby they can also be learned adaptively.
  • the defined, controlled closing and opening of the arranged between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 clutch 4 for starting the engine 2 during the load build-up of the circuit is speed controlled, for which purpose the clutch 4 to a point partially is closed, in which a first predetermined speed threshold of the internal combustion engine 2 is reached, in which the breakaway torque of the engine 2 is overcome.
  • the achieved partial closed position of the clutch is kept constant until a second predetermined speed threshold of the internal combustion engine 2 is reached, upon reaching the second predetermined speed threshold the internal combustion engine 2 starts independently or runs high.
  • the clutch 4 is again fully opened, in such a way that before reaching the synchronous speed between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3, the clutch 4 is fully open.
  • the drive torque provided by the electric motor 3, which is driven permanently into the output can be kept constant .
  • the drive torque ordered by the electric motor 3 is changed during the partial closing and subsequent opening of the clutch 4 in order to compensate for the torque transmitted by the clutch 4 to the internal combustion engine 2 and thus to be approximately constant To ensure drive torque at the output 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

A method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle. The drive train comprising a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, a transmission arranged between the hybrid drive and a drive output, and a clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. The internal combustion engine is started by engaging the clutch only when the electric motor is providing drive power. In this situation when shifting gears in the transmission with interruption of the traction force, immediately after the gear change and during a load build-up phase of the shift operation, the internal combustion engine is started by the electric motor without traction force interruption. The clutch is controlled to partially engage to start the combustion engine and then it is completely disengaged before reaching a synchronous speed between the combustion engine and the electric motor.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines zumindest ein Getriebe und einen Hybridantrieb umfassenden Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und wie es aus dem Dokument FR 2 882 697 bekannt ist.The invention relates to a method for operating a drive train comprising at least one transmission and a hybrid drive of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and as is apparent from the document FR 2 882 697 is known.

Die Hauptkomponenten eines Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs sind ein Antriebsaggregat und ein Getriebe. Ein Getriebe wandelt Drehmomente und Drehzahlen und setzt so das Zugkraftangebot des Antriebsaggregats um. Die hier vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs, der zumindest ein Getriebe und als Antriebsaggregat einen Hybridantrieb umfasst.The main components of a drive train of a motor vehicle are a drive unit and a transmission. A gearbox converts torques and speeds and thus converts the tractive power of the drive unit. The present invention relates to a method for operating a drive train, which comprises at least one transmission and a drive unit as a hybrid drive.

Aus der US 2005/0221947 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines ein Automatgetriebe und einen Hybridantrieb umfassenden Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs bekannt, wobei einerseits zwischen einem Verbrennungsmotor des Hybridantriebs und einem Elektromotor des Hybridantriebs eine Kupplung und andererseits zwischen dem Elektromotor des Hybridantriebs und dem Automatgetriebe eine weitere Kupplung angeordnet ist. Dann, wenn der Antriebsstrang ausschließlich vom Elektromotor des Hybridantriebs angetrieben wird, kann nach diesem Stand der Technik der Verbrennungsmotor des Hybridantriebs dadurch gestartet werden, dass während der Ausführung einer Hochschaltung durch das Automatgetriebe des Antriebsstrangs die zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor des Hybridantriebs und dem Elektromotor desselben angeordnete Kupplung geschlossen wird. Nach der US 2005/0221947 A1 dient demnach der Elektromotor des Hybridantriebs dem Starten des Verbrennungsmotors des Hybridantriebs, wobei das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors während der Ausführung eines Gangwechsels und demnach bei einer Zugkraftunterbrechung erfolgt.From the US 2005/0221947 A1 a method for operating a comprehensive automatic transmission and a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle is known, on the one hand between a combustion engine of the hybrid drive and an electric motor of the hybrid drive a clutch and on the other hand between the electric motor of the hybrid drive and the automatic transmission, a further clutch is arranged. Then, when the powertrain is driven exclusively by the electric motor of the hybrid drive, according to this prior art, the engine of the hybrid drive can be started by the clutch between the engine of the hybrid drive and the electric motor of the same during the execution of an upshift by the automatic transmission of the powertrain is closed. After US 2005/0221947 A1 Accordingly, the electric motor of the hybrid drive is used to start the internal combustion engine of the hybrid drive, wherein the starting of the internal combustion engine during the execution of a gear change and therefore takes place at a traction interruption.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das Problem zu Grunde, ein neuartiges Verfahren zum Betreiben eines ein Getriebe und einen Hybridantrieb umfassenden Antriebsstrangs zu schaffen.On this basis, the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel method for operating a powertrain comprising a transmission and a hybrid drive.

Dieses Problem wird durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß wird dann, wenn bei einem elektromotorischen Antrieb bei laufenden Elektromotor und stillstehendem Verbrennungsmotor vom Getriebe unter Unterbrechung der Zugkraft ein Gangwechsel einer Schaltung ausgeführt wird, unmittelbar nach Ausführung des Gangwechsels der Schaltung und während eines Lastaufbaus der Schaltung der Verbrennungsmotor vom Elektromotor ohne Zugkraftunterbrechung gestartet, wobei hierzu die zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und dem Elektromotor angeordnete Kupplung derart gesteuert geschlossen und geöffnet wird, dass die Kupplung durch teilweises Schließen in Schlupf gebracht wird, um den Verbrennungsmotor zu starten, und dass anschließend dieselbe wieder vollständig geöffnet wird, und zwar vor Erreichen einer Synchrondrehzahl zwischen Verbrennungsmotor und Elektromotor.This problem is solved by a method for operating a drive train according to claim 1. According to the invention, when an electric motor drive with running electric motor and stationary engine from the transmission with interruption of the traction a gear change of a circuit is executed immediately after execution of the gear change of the circuit and during a load build-up of the circuit of the engine by the electric motor without traction interruption started for this purpose, the clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is closed and opened in such a controlled manner that the clutch is slid by partial closing to start the internal combustion engine, and then subsequently fully reopened, before reaching a synchronous speed between Internal combustion engine and electric motor.

Der hier vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Idee zugrunde, den Verbrennungsmotor vom Elektromotor nach Ausführung eines Gangwechsels während des Lastaufbau einer Schaltung und demnach nach Aufhebung der Zugkraftunterbrechung zu starten. Durch das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors wird die Zugkraftunterbrechung demnach nicht verlängert, ein sich durch das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors verändernder Lastaufbau der Schaltung wird vom Fahrer nicht als störend empfunden, so dass das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors mit hohem Komfort realisiert werden kann.The present invention is based on the idea to start the engine from the electric motor after execution of a gear change during the load build-up of a circuit and thus after cancellation of the traction interruption. By starting the engine, the traction interruption is therefore not extended, changing the starting of the engine load structure of the circuit is not perceived by the driver as disturbing, so that the starting of the engine with high comfort can be realized.

Vorzugsweise wird der Verbrennungsmotor während des Lastaufbaus einer Hochschaltung von einem Gang mit einer relativ hohen Übersetzung in einen Gang mit einer relativ niedrigen Übersetzung vom Elektromotor gestartet.Preferably, during load build-up, the internal combustion engine is started from a gear having a relatively high gear ratio to a gear having a relatively low gear ratio from the electric motor.

Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Start des Verbrennungsmotors im bereits eingelegtem Gang mit der niedrigeren Übersetzung erfolgt, wodurch ein am Abtrieb wirkendes Massenträgheitsmoment weniger störend ist.This has the advantage that the start of the internal combustion engine takes place in the gear already engaged with the lower gear ratio, whereby a mass moment of inertia acting on the output is less disturbing.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein erstes Antriebsstrangschema eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei wel- chem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einsetzbar ist;
Fig. 2
ein zweites Antriebsstrangschema eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei welchem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einsetzbar ist;
Fig. 3
ein drittes Antriebsstrangschema eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei wel- chem das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einsetzbar ist.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a first drive train scheme of a motor vehicle, in which the inventive method can be used;
Fig. 2
a second drive train scheme of a motor vehicle, in which the inventive method can be used;
Fig. 3
a third drive train scheme of a motor vehicle, in which the inventive method can be used.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines zumindest ein Getriebe und einen Hybridantrieb umfassenden Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Ein Hybridantrieb umfasst einen Verbrennungsmotor und einen Elektromotor. Fig. 1 bis 3 zeigen exemplarisch Antriebsstrangschemata eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei welchen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einsetzbar ist.The invention relates to a method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle comprising at least one transmission and a hybrid drive. A hybrid drive includes an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Fig. 1 to 3 show exemplary powertrain schemes of a motor vehicle, in which the inventive method is used.

So zeigt Fig. 1 ein Schema eines Antriebsstrangs 1 eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei der Antriebsstrang 1 gemäß Fig. 1 einen Hybridantrieb umfasst, der von einem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und einem Elektromotor 3 gebildet ist. Zwischen den Verbrennungsmotor 2 und den Elektromotor 3 ist eine Kupplung 4 geschaltet, die dann, wenn der Antriebsstrang 1 ausschließlich vom Elektromotor 3 betrieben wird, geöffnet ist. Neben dem Hybridantrieb umfasst der Antriebsstrang 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weiterhin ein Getriebe 5, welches das vom Hybridantrieb bereitgestellte Zugkraftangebot auf einen Abtrieb 6, nämlich anzutreibende Räder, des Antriebsstrangs umsetzt.So shows Fig. 1 a diagram of a drive train 1 of a motor vehicle, wherein the drive train 1 according to Fig. 1 comprises a hybrid drive, which is formed by an internal combustion engine 2 and an electric motor 3. Between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3, a clutch 4 is connected, which, when the drive train 1 is operated exclusively by the electric motor 3, is open. In addition to the hybrid drive, the drive train 1 according to Fig. 1 furthermore, a transmission 5, which converts the traction power provided by the hybrid drive to an output 6, namely wheels to be driven, of the drive train.

Im Antriebsstrang 7 der Fig. 2 ist zwischen den Elektromotor 3 des Hybridantriebs und das Getriebe 5 eine Kupplung 8 geschaltet. Ein weiteres Schema eines Antriebsstrangs 9 eines Kraftfahrzeugs zeigt Fig. 3, wobei sich der Antriebsstrang gemäß Fig. 3 vom Antriebsstrang der Fig. 2 dadurch unterscheidet, dass zwischen den Elektromotor 3 des Hybridantriebs und das Getriebe 5 keine Kupplung sondern vielmehr eine Wandlereinrichtung 10 geschaltet ist.In the drive train 7 of the Fig. 2 is connected between the electric motor 3 of the hybrid drive and the transmission 5, a clutch 8. Another schematic of a powertrain 9 of a motor vehicle shows Fig. 3 , wherein the drive train according to Fig. 3 from the powertrain of Fig. 2 differs in that between the electric motor 3 of the hybrid drive and the transmission 5 no clutch but rather a converter device 10 is connected.

Wird ein Antriebsstrang gemäß Fig. 1, 2 oder 3 bei geöffneter Kupplung 4 ausschließlich vom Elektromotor 3 des Hybridantriebs angetrieben, so kann es unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen erforderlich sein, den Verbrennungsmotor 2 des Hybridantriebs zu starten.Will a powertrain according to Fig. 1, 2 or 3 when the clutch 4 is exclusively driven by the electric motor 3 of the hybrid drive, it may be necessary under certain operating conditions to start the engine 2 of the hybrid drive.

Im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung wird dann, wenn bei einem reinen elektromotorischen Antrieb bei laufendem Elektromotor 3 und stillstehendem Verbrennungsmotor 2 vom Getriebe 5 eine Schaltung ausgeführt wird, unmittelbar nach Ausführung des Gangwechsels der Schaltung während eines Lastaufbaus derselben, also nach aufgehobener Zugkraftunterbrechung, der Verbrennungsmotor 2 vom Elektromotor 3 ohne Zugkraftunterbrechung gestartet, wobei hierzu die zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 angeordnete Kupplung 4 gesteuert geschlossen und geöffnet wird, nämlich derart, dass die Kupplung 4 durch teilweise Schließen in Schlupf gebracht wird, um den Verbrennungsmotor zu starten, und dass anschließend die Kupplung 4 wieder vollständig geöffnet wird, und zwar vor Erreichen einer Synchrondrehzahl zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3.For the purposes of the present invention, when a pure electromotive drive with running electric motor 3 and stationary engine 2 from the transmission 5, a circuit is executed immediately after the execution of the gear change of the circuit during a load build-up, ie after canceled traction interruption, the engine 2 started by the electric motor 3 without interruption of traction, for which purpose the arranged between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 clutch 4 controlled closed and opened, namely such that the clutch 4 is brought into slippage by partially closing, to start the engine, and that then the clutch 4 is fully opened again, and that before reaching a synchronous speed between the engine 2 and the electric motor. 3

Das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 erfolgt demnach nach Ausführung des Gangwechsels während des Lastaufbaus der Schaltung und demnach dann, wenn der Elektromotor 3 an den Abtrieb 6 des Antriebsstrangs gekoppelt ist.The starting of the internal combustion engine 2 is therefore carried out after execution of the gear change during the load build-up of the circuit and therefore when the electric motor 3 is coupled to the output 6 of the drive train.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der hier vorliegenden Erfindung wird der Verbrennungsmotor 2 vom Elektromotor 3 während des Lastaufbaus einer Hochschaltung von einem Gang mit einer relativ hohen Übersetzung in einen Gang mit einer relativ niedrigen Übersetzung gestartet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Start des Verbrennungsmotors 2 dann erfolgt, wenn der Gang mit der relativ niedrigen Übersetzung bereits eingelegt ist, wodurch das Störmoment reduziert wird und ein am Abtrieb wirkendes Massenträgheitsmoment des Verbrennungsmotors weniger störend ist. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, den Verbrennungsmotor 2 vom Elektromotor 3 während des Lastaufbaus einer Rückschaltung von einem Gang mit einer relativ niedrigen Übersetzung in einen Gang mit einer relativ hohen Übersetzung zu starten.According to an advantageous development of the present invention, the internal combustion engine 2 is started by the electric motor 3 during the load build-up of an upshift from a gear with a relatively high gear ratio into a gear with a relatively low gear ratio. This has the advantage that the start of the engine 2 takes place when the gear with the relatively low gear ratio is already engaged, whereby the disturbance torque is reduced and acting on the output inertia of the engine is less disturbing. Alternatively, it is also possible to start the engine 2 from the electric motor 3 during the load build-up of a downshift from a gear with a relatively low gear ratio into a gear with a relatively high gear ratio.

Zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 vom Elektromotor 3 während des Lastaufbaus einer auszuführenden Schaltung ist der Elektromotor ohne Zugkraftunterbrechung an den Abtrieb 6 des Antriebsstrangs gekoppelt, wobei zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 die Drehzahl des Elektromotors 3 größer als eine Startdrehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors 2 ist.For starting the internal combustion engine 2 from the electric motor 3 during load building of a circuit to be executed, the electric motor is coupled without traction interruption to the output 6 of the drive train, wherein for starting the internal combustion engine 2, the rotational speed of the electric motor 3 is greater than a starting rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 2.

Nach dem Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 wird derselbe durch Schließen der zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 angeordneten Kupplung 4 an den Abtrieb 6 des jeweiligen Antriebsstrangs gekoppelt, wobei dann der Antriebsstrang vom laufenden Elektromotor 3 und vom laufenden Verbrennungsmotor 2 gemeinsam angetrieben wird.After starting the internal combustion engine 2, the same is coupled by closing the arranged between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 clutch 4 to the output 6 of the respective drive train, in which case the drive train from the running electric motor 3 and the current engine 2 is driven together.

Das gesteuerte Schließen und Öffnen der zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 geschalteten Kupplung 4 beim Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 während des Lastaufbaus der Schaltung erfolgt derart, dass die Kupplung 4 zuerst bis zu einem Punkt teilweise geschlossen und in Schlupf gebracht wird, in welchem das von der Kupplung 4 übertragene Moment ein Losbrechmoment des Verbrennungsmotors 2 überwindet.The controlled closing and opening of the clutch 4 connected between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 during starting of the engine 2 during the load build-up of the circuit is such that the clutch 4 is first partially closed and slid to a point where transmitted torque from the clutch 4 overcomes a breakaway torque of the internal combustion engine 2.

Anschließend wird die teilweise Schließstellung der Kupplung und damit das von derselben übertragene Moment konstant gehalten wird, und wobei anschließend hieran die Kupplung wieder vollständig geöffnet wird, und zwar bevor die Synchrondrehzahl zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 erreicht wurde.Subsequently, the partially closed position of the clutch and thus the torque transmitted by the same is kept constant, and then the clutch is then completely opened again, before the synchronous speed between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 has been reached.

Das obige, definierte Schließen und Öffnen der Kupplung 4 kann nach einer ersten vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeitgesteuert erfolgen, wobei hierzu in einer ersten vorgegebenen Zeitspanne die Kupplung 4 bis zu dem Punkt teilweise geschlossen wird, in welchem dieselbe das zum Überwinden des Losbrechmoment erforderliche Moment überträgt, dass anschließend für eine zweite vorgegebene Zeitspanne die teilweise Schließstellung der Kupplung 4 konstant gehalten wird, und dass hieran anschließend in einer dritten vorgegebenen Zeitspanne die Kupplung 4 wieder vollständig geöffnet wird. Diese Zeitspannen sind dann vorgegeben, wobei dieselben auch adaptiv erlernt werden können.The above, defined closing and opening of the clutch 4 can be timed according to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, for which purpose in a first predetermined period of time, the clutch 4 is partially closed to the point where it transmits the torque required to overcome the breakaway torque in that the partially closed position of the clutch 4 is subsequently kept constant for a second predetermined period of time, and that thereafter the clutch 4 is again completely opened in a third predetermined period of time. These time periods are then predetermined, whereby they can also be learned adaptively.

Nach einer zweiten vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erfolgt das definierte, gesteuerte Schließen und Öffnen der zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 angeordneten Kupplung 4 zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 während des Lastaufbaus der Schaltung drehzahlgesteuert, wobei hierzu die Kupplung 4 bis zu einem Punkt teilweise geschlossen wird, in welchem eine erste vorgegebene Drehzahlschwelle des Verbrennungsmotors 2 erreicht ist, bei welcher das Losbrechmoment des Verbrennungsmotors 2 überwunden ist. Anschließend an das Erreichen der ersten vorgegebenen Drehzahlschwelle wird die erzielte teilweise Schließstellung der Kupplung bis zum Erreichen einer zweiten vorgegebenen Drehzahlschwelle des Verbrennungsmotors 2 konstant gehalten, wobei bei Erreichen der zweiten vorgegebenen Drehzahlschwelle der Verbrennungsmotor 2 eigenständig startet bzw. hoch läuft.According to a second advantageous development of the method according to the invention, the defined, controlled closing and opening of the arranged between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 clutch 4 for starting the engine 2 during the load build-up of the circuit is speed controlled, for which purpose the clutch 4 to a point partially is closed, in which a first predetermined speed threshold of the internal combustion engine 2 is reached, in which the breakaway torque of the engine 2 is overcome. Subsequent to reaching the first predetermined speed threshold, the achieved partial closed position of the clutch is kept constant until a second predetermined speed threshold of the internal combustion engine 2 is reached, upon reaching the second predetermined speed threshold the internal combustion engine 2 starts independently or runs high.

Anschließend wird die Kupplung 4 wiederum vollständig geöffnet, und zwar derart, dass vor Erreichen der Synchrondrehzahl zwischen Verbrennungsmotor 2 und Elektromotor 3 die Kupplung 4 vollständig geöffnet ist.Subsequently, the clutch 4 is again fully opened, in such a way that before reaching the synchronous speed between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3, the clutch 4 is fully open.

Während des obigen, gesteuerten Schließens und nachfolgenden Öffnens der zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 und dem Elektromotor 3 angeordneten Kupplung 4 zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 während des Lastaufbaus der Schaltung kann das vom Elektromotor 3 bereitgestellte Antriebsmoment, welches in den Abtrieb dauerhaft eingetrieben wird, konstant gehalten werden. Zur Erhöhung des Komforts ist es jedoch möglich, dass alternativ das vom Elektromotor 3 bestellte Antriebsmoment während des teilweise Schließens und anschließenden Öffnens der Kupplung 4 verändert wird, um das von der Kupplung 4 an den Verbrennungsmotor 2 übertragene Moment zu kompensieren und so ein in etwa konstantes Antriebsmoment am Abtrieb 6 zu gewährleisten.During the above controlled closing and subsequent opening of the clutch 4 arranged between the engine 2 and the electric motor 3 for starting the engine 2 during the load build-up of the circuit, the drive torque provided by the electric motor 3, which is driven permanently into the output, can be kept constant , To increase the comfort, however, it is possible that alternatively the drive torque ordered by the electric motor 3 is changed during the partial closing and subsequent opening of the clutch 4 in order to compensate for the torque transmitted by the clutch 4 to the internal combustion engine 2 and thus to be approximately constant To ensure drive torque at the output 6.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

11
Antriebsstrangpowertrain
22
Verbrennungsmotorinternal combustion engine
33
Elektromotorelectric motor
44
Kupplungclutch
55
Getriebetransmission
66
Abtrieboutput
77
Antriebsstrangpowertrain
88th
Kupplungclutch
99
Antriebsstrangpowertrain
1010
Wandlereinrichtungtransducer means

Claims (8)

  1. Method of operating a drive train of a motor vehicle, the drive train comprising a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, a transmission arranged between the hybrid drive and a drive output, and a clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, in which, when only the electric motor is driving, the internal combustion engine is started by engaging the clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, and, when, during electric motor powered driving with the electric motor running and the internal combustion engine stationary, a gear change of a shift operation is carried out by the transmission with an interruption in the traction force, and, immediately after the gear change of the shift operation has been carried out and during a load build-up phase of the shift operation, the internal combustion engine is started by the electric motor without an interruption in the traction force, for which purpose the clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is engaged and disengaged in a controlled manner in such a way that by being partially engaged the clutch is brought to a slipping condition in order to start the internal combustion engine, characterized in that said clutch is then completely disengaged again, in particular before a synchronous speed between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is reached.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine is started by the electric motor during the load build-up phase of an upshift from a gear with a high transmission ratio to a gear with a low transmission ratio.
  3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine is started by the electric motor during the load build-up phase of a downshift from a gear with a low transmission ratio to a gear with a high transmission ratio.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, for starting the internal combustion engine, the electric motor is coupled to the drive output of the drive train without an interruption in the traction force, and that, for starting the internal combustion engine, the speed of the electric motor is furthermore higher than a starting speed of the internal combustion engine.
  5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, after the internal combustion engine has been started, said internal combustion engine is coupled to the drive output by engaging the clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor, the drive train then being driven by the running electric motor and by the running internal combustion engine.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, for starting the internal combustion engine, the clutch arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is first of all partially engaged until the torque transmitted by said clutch overcomes a breakaway torque of the internal combustion engine, that the partially engaged position of the clutch is then held constant, and that, after this, the clutch is completely disengaged.
  7. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the partial engagement of the clutch takes place in a time-controlled manner in such a way that, in a first specified time interval, the clutch is partially engaged as far as the point at which said clutch transmits the torque required to overcome the breakaway torque, that the partially engaged position of the clutch is then held constant for a second specified time interval, and that, after this, the clutch is completely disengaged again in a third specified time interval.
  8. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the partial engagement of the clutch takes place in a speed-controlled manner in such a way that, for this purpose, the clutch is partially engaged as far as the point at which a first specified speed threshold of the internal combustion engine is reached, that the partially engaged position of the clutch is then held constant until a second specified speed threshold of the internal combustion engine is reached, and that, after this, the clutch is completely disengaged again.
EP08804231A 2007-09-22 2008-09-16 Method for operating a drive train Not-in-force EP2190709B1 (en)

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DE102007045366A DE102007045366A1 (en) 2007-09-22 2007-09-22 Method for operating a drive train
PCT/EP2008/062272 WO2009037237A2 (en) 2007-09-22 2008-09-16 Method for operating a drive train

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EP2190709A2 EP2190709A2 (en) 2010-06-02
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JP (1) JP2010538908A (en)
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ATE512033T1 (en) 2011-06-15
US8246509B2 (en) 2012-08-21
JP2010538908A (en) 2010-12-16
US20100197450A1 (en) 2010-08-05
DE102007045366A1 (en) 2009-04-02
WO2009037237A2 (en) 2009-03-26
CN101795914A (en) 2010-08-04
EP2190709A2 (en) 2010-06-02

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