EP2175523B1 - Reflecting surface array and antenna comprising such a reflecting surface - Google Patents
Reflecting surface array and antenna comprising such a reflecting surface Download PDFInfo
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- EP2175523B1 EP2175523B1 EP09171108.5A EP09171108A EP2175523B1 EP 2175523 B1 EP2175523 B1 EP 2175523B1 EP 09171108 A EP09171108 A EP 09171108A EP 2175523 B1 EP2175523 B1 EP 2175523B1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
Definitions
- the radiating elements have a geometric shape chosen from a hexagon shape or a cross shape with two perpendicular branches.
- the database may be extended to radiating elements having a plurality of hexagonal slots. In this case, it becomes possible to achieve exactly the desired phase shift for the center frequency of the radiation pattern of the antenna and the desired phase dispersion.
Description
La présente invention concerne un réseau réflecteur pour une antenne réseau réflecteur. Elle s'applique notamment aux antennes montées sur un engin spatial tel qu'un satellite de télécommunication ou aux antennes des terminaux terrestres pour les systèmes de télécommunications ou de diffusion par satellite.The present invention relates to a reflector array for a reflector array antenna. It applies in particular to antennas mounted on a spacecraft such as a telecommunications satellite or antennas terrestrial terminals for telecommunications or satellite broadcasting systems.
Une antenne réseau réflecteur 10 (en anglais : reflectarray antenna) telle que représentée par exemple sur la
L'agencement (en anglais : lay-out) des éléments rayonnants dans le réseau réflecteur requiert une attention importante. Il doit respecter, au moins approximativement, une périodicité forte qui définit les caractéristiques en réflexion du réseau réflecteur (Typiquement inférieure à 0,65 λ et préférentiellement égale à 0,5 λ, où λ est la longueur d'onde en espace libre). Comme expliqué ci-dessous, plus la périodicité est importante, meilleures sont les performances. Cependant les réseaux réflecteurs actuellement connus présentent un problème majeur.The arrangement (in English: lay-out) of the radiating elements in the reflector network requires significant attention. It must respect, at least approximately, a strong periodicity which defines the characteristics in reflection of the reflector network (typically less than 0.65 λ and preferably equal to 0.5λ, where λ is the wavelength in free space). As explained below, the higher the periodicity, the better the performance. However currently known reflector networks present a major problem.
L'agencement des éléments rayonnants élémentaires les uns par rapport aux autres pour constituer un réseau réflecteur est synthétisé de façon à obtenir un diagramme de rayonnement donné dans une direction de pointage choisie pour réaliser une couverture donnée. La
Il en résulte deux problèmes : D'une part, l'approximation usuelle qui consiste à calculer les caractéristiques électriques des éléments rayonnants avec l'hypothèse d'une périodicité infinie, n'est plus valable pour ces éléments. D'autre part, un phénomène de diffraction apparaît à ces zones de rupture de la pseudo-périodicité de l'arrangement des éléments rayonnants élémentaires 12. Alors que l'amplitude du champ électrique est supposée suivre une distribution apodisée liée à la largeur du faisceau de la source primaire 13, la distribution mesurée du champ électrique rayonné au-dessus de l'ensemble du réseau réflecteur 11 présente des zones où elle est amortie, qui correspondent précisément à la localisation de ces fortes transitions. Plus la maille du réseau réflecteur est importante, plus cette diffraction est forte. Ceci provoque une augmentation du niveau des lobes secondaires qui, même s'il reste inférieur à -20dB, crée une dégradation de la directivité de l'antenne 10 associée qui n'est pas acceptable pour une antenne de télécommunication.This results in two problems: On the one hand, the usual approximation which consists in calculating the electrical characteristics of the radiating elements with the hypothesis of an infinite periodicity, is no longer valid for these elements. On the other hand, a phenomenon of diffraction appears at these zones of rupture of the pseudo-periodicity of the arrangement of the elementary
Le document
Le document XP000496265 décrit un réseau réflecteur comportant une pluralité d'anneaux rayonnants imprimés dont le diamètre est progressivement croissant entre deux éléments rayonnants consécutifs, avec les mêmes limitations que le document
Le document
Le document XP031005982 décrit un réseau réflecteur comportant une pluralité d'anneaux rayonnants imprimés dont le diamètre est constant et l'ouverture interne est progressivement croissante entre deux éléments rayonnants consécutifs. Il y a des transitions brusques entre le dernier et le premier élément du motif.The document XP031005982 describes a reflector array comprising a plurality of printed radiating rings whose diameter is constant and the internal opening is progressively increasing between two consecutive radiating elements. There are abrupt transitions between the last and the first element of the pattern.
Le document XP031393344 décrit un élément rayonnant pour un réseau réflecteur comprenant deux anneaux métalliques concentriques qui entourent un patch central, dont ledit patch central est sélectivement connecté à l'anneau intérieur parmi quatre paires de micro-commutateurs. La configuration d'activation des commutateurs fournit une progression de la longueur électrique et du déphasage des éléments rayonnants consécutifs.XP031393344 discloses a radiating element for a reflector array comprising two concentric metal rings which surround a central patch, wherein said central patch is selectively connected to the inner ring among four pairs of microswitches. The activation configuration of the switches provides a progression of the electrical length and the phase shift of the consecutive radiating elements.
La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un réseau réflecteur n'introduisant pas de fortes ruptures de périodicité des éléments rayonnants sur la surface réfléchissante et permettant ainsi de réduire les perturbations dans le diagramme de rayonnement et d'améliorer la directivité de l'antenne réseau comportant un tel réseau réflecteur.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a reflector grating which does not introduce strong breaks in the periodicity of the radiating elements on the reflecting surface and thus making it possible to reduce the disturbances in the radiation pattern and to improve the directivity the network antenna comprising such a reflector network.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un réseau réflecteur qui permet de réduire le nombre de transitions tout en augmentant les possibilités de variation de la phase des ondes réfléchies par les éléments rayonnants.Another object of the invention is to provide a reflective grating which makes it possible to reduce the number of transitions while increasing the possibilities of variation of the phase of the waves reflected by the radiating elements.
Un dernier but de l'invention est de proposer un réseau réflecteur comportant des éléments rayonnants élémentaires ayant une structure rayonnante simple et compacte.A last object of the invention is to propose a reflective network having elementary radiating elements having a simple and compact radiating structure.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un réseau réflecteur selon la revendication 1.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a reflector network according to
Par exemple, l'ouverture peut être une fente annulaire ayant une longueur électrique progressivement croissante d'un élément rayonnant à un autre élément rayonnant adjacent et le patch métallique peut être un anneau métallique ayant une largeur évolutive d'un élément rayonnant à un autre élément rayonnant adjacent.For example, the aperture may be an annular gap having a progressively increasing electrical length from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element, and the metal patch may be a metal ring having an evolutive width from one radiating element to another element. radiating adjacent.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le motif comporte :
- plusieurs premiers éléments rayonnants consécutifs comportant un anneau métallique délimitant une ouverture interne dans lesquels la largeur de l'anneau métallique croît progressivement d'un élément rayonnant à un autre élément rayonnant adjacent jusqu'à l'obtention d'un patch métallique complet, et
- plusieurs deuxièmes éléments consécutifs comportant un patch métallique interne et au moins une fente annulaire dans lesquels la largeur de la fente annulaire croît progressivement d'un élément rayonnant à un autre élément rayonnant adjacent jusqu'à la disparition du patch métallique interne et l'obtention d'un anneau métallique.
- a plurality of first consecutive radiating elements having a metal ring delimiting an internal opening in which the width of the metal ring progressively increases from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element until a complete metal patch is obtained, and
- a plurality of second consecutive elements having an internal metal patch and at least one annular slot in which the width of the annular gap increases progressively from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element until the disappearance of the internal metal patch and obtaining a metal ring.
Préférentiellement, les éléments rayonnants ont une forme géométrique choisie parmi une forme d'hexagone ou une forme de croix à deux branches perpendiculaires.Preferably, the radiating elements have a geometric shape chosen from a hexagon shape or a cross shape with two perpendicular branches.
L'invention concerne également une antenne réseau réflecteur, comportant au moins un réseau réflecteur.The invention also relates to a reflector array antenna comprising at least one reflector array.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement dans la suite de la description donnée à titre d'exemple purement illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés qui représentent :
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figure 1 : un schéma d'un exemple d'antenne réseau réflecteur; -
figure 2 : un schéma d'un exemple d'élément rayonnant élémentaire réalisé en technologie planaire; -
figure 3a : un schéma d'un exemple d'arrangement des éléments rayonnants d'un réseau réflecteur, selon l'art antérieur; -
figure 3b : un agrandissement d'un exemple de rupture brutale de la périodicité d'un réseau réflecteur, selon l'art antérieur ; -
figure 4 : un exemple d'atténuations du champ électromagnétique rayonné au-dessus de la surface rayonnante de l'antenne réseau de lafigure 3a ; -
figure 5 : un schéma d'un exemple de motif périodique comportant un arrangement à une dimension de plusieurs éléments rayonnants élémentaires et permettant d'obtenir une rotation de phase de 360°, selon l'invention ; -
figure 6 : un schéma d'un exemple d'éléments rayonnants élémentaires comportant plusieurs fentes de largeurs évolutives, selon l'invention ; -
figure 7 : un schéma d'un exemple d'éléments rayonnants élémentaires comportant au moins une fente et au moins un court-circuit, selon l'invention ; -
figure 8a : un exemple d'élément rayonnant comportant des MEMS, selon un exemple ne formant pas part de l'invention ; -
figure 8b : un exemple de motif périodique constitué de plusieurs éléments rayonnants en forme de croix munis de trois fentes annulaires concentriques et de MEMS dans chaque fente, selon un exemple ne formant pas part de l'invention ; -
figure 9 : un schéma d'un exemple d'une base de données à deux dimensions comportant des arrangements de plusieurs éléments rayonnants élémentaires de structure différente et deux exemples de chemins de variation possibles permettant d'obtenir une rotation de phase de 360°, selon l'invention ; -
figure 10 : un exemple d'implantation des éléments rayonnants pour un réseau réflecteur d'une antenne, selon l'invention ; -
figure 11 : un exemple de variation de phase correspondant aux deux chemins de variation de lafigure 9 , selon l'invention ;
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figure 1 : a diagram of an example of a reflector array antenna; -
figure 2 : a diagram of an example of elementary radiating element realized in planar technology; -
figure 3a : a diagram of an example of arrangement of the radiating elements of a reflector array, according to the prior art; -
figure 3b : an enlargement of an example of sudden rupture of the periodicity of a reflector array, according to the prior art; -
figure 4 : an example of attenuation of the electromagnetic field radiated above the radiating surface of the antenna array of thefigure 3a ; -
figure 5 : a diagram of an example of a periodic pattern comprising a one-dimensional arrangement of a plurality of elementary radiating elements and making it possible to obtain a 360 ° phase rotation, according to the invention; -
figure 6 : a diagram of an example of elementary radiating elements comprising several slots of scalable widths, according to the invention; -
figure 7 : a diagram of an example of elementary radiating elements comprising at least one slot and at least one short circuit, according to the invention; -
figure 8a an example of a radiating element comprising MEMS, according to an example not forming part of the invention; -
figure 8b an example of a periodic pattern consisting of a plurality of cross-shaped radiating elements provided with three concentric annular slots and MEMS in each slot, according to an example not forming part of the invention; -
figure 9 : a diagram of an example of a two-dimensional database containing arrangements of several elementary radiating elements of different structure and two examples of possible variation paths for obtaining a phase rotation of 360 °, according to the invention; -
figure 10 an example of implantation of the radiating elements for a reflector network of an antenna, according to the invention; -
figure 11 : an example of a phase variation corresponding to the two paths of variation of thefigure 9 according to the invention;
La
Sur la
La
La
Dans cet exemple, le premier élément 1 comporte un anneau métallique circonférentiel périphérique 26 délimitant une cavité interne 27. Les trois éléments consécutifs suivants 2, 3, 4 comportent également un anneau métallique circonférentiel périphérique 26 délimitant une cavité interne 27, la largeur de l'anneau croissant progressivement d'un élément rayonnant à un deuxième élément rayonnant immédiatement adjacent jusqu'à l'obtention du cinquième élément 5, placé au centre du motif, qui est un patch métallique complet 25. A partir du sixième élément 6, une fente annulaire 24, par exemple hexagonale lorsque les éléments rayonnants ont une forme hexagonale, est introduite au voisinage de la périphérie du patch métallique interne 25 et un anneau métallique circonférentiel 26 est laissé à la périphérie. Les éléments rayonnants consécutifs suivants 7, 8 ont une fente hexagonale 24 dont la largeur croît progressivement jusqu'à la disparition du patch métallique interne 25 comme l'élément rayonnant 9. Au lieu d'agir sur la largeur de la fente, il est également possible d'agir sur la longueur de la fente ou de charger la fente par des charges capacitives. Une modification de la largeur ou de la longueur de la fente, ou l'ajout d'une charge capacitive, a pour effet de modifier les caractéristiques de propagation des ondes dans la fente et d'affecter la longueur électrique de la fente. Pour rappel, la longueur électrique d'une fente correspond à sa longueur physique rapportée à la longueur d'onde qui s'y propage.
Lorsque l'élément rayonnant est un patch métallique complet 5, une onde incidente provenant d'une source primaire 13 qui illumine cet élément rayonnant est complètement réfléchie par le patch. Lorsque le patch métallique présente une ouverture, telle qu'une fente par exemple, une cavité résonante se forme entre le patch métallique et le plan de masse métallique. Une partie de l'onde incidente illuminant cet élément rayonnant est alors transmise vers le plan de masse métallique de l'élément rayonnant qui réfléchit l'onde incidente avec un déphasage. L'ouverture introduit donc un déphasage dans l'onde réfléchie par l'élément rayonnant qui est d'autant plus important que l'ouverture est grande. Par rapport à un élément rayonnant comportant un patch complet, le déphasage maximal, est obtenu lorsque l'élément rayonnant 1, 9 ne comporte plus de patch métallique mais seulement un fin anneau métallique délimitant une cavité résonante.In this example, the
When the radiating element is a
Avec un cycle de variation de phase complet tel que celui représenté à la
Plusieurs fentes peuvent être réalisées dans le patch métallique des éléments rayonnants de façon à obtenir plusieurs résonateurs couplés par élément rayonnants élémentaires comme représenté sur la
L'avantage des éléments rayonnants comportant plusieurs fentes dans un patch métallique est qu'ils permettent de réaliser une progression de la variation de phase plus élaborée qu'avec des éléments ne comportant qu'une seule fente. Ils permettent d'obtenir une gamme de variation de phase jusqu'à 1000° et de réduire le nombre de transitions. Dans les cas précisément décrits ci-dessus, les éléments rayonnants ont une forme hexagonale, mais le même principe peut être utilisé pour tous types de formes géométriques, tel que par exemple, une forme carrée, rectangulaire, circulaire, triangulaire, une croix, ou une autre forme.The advantage of the radiating elements having several slots in a metal patch is that they make it possible to achieve a progression of the phase variation more elaborate than with elements having only one slot. They make it possible to obtain a range of phase variation up to 1000 ° and to reduce the number of transitions. In the cases precisely described above, the radiating elements have a hexagonal shape, but the same principle can be used for all types of geometric shapes, such as, for example, a square, rectangular, circular, triangular shape, a cross, or another form.
Alternativement, il est possible de combiner dans un même motif, des éléments rayonnants ne comportant pas de fente et des éléments rayonnants comportant une ou plusieurs fentes. En introduisant progressivement les fentes dans des éléments rayonnants consécutifs, il est possible de réduire encore le nombre de transitions et d'élargir encore la gamme de variation de la phase des ondes réfléchies par les éléments rayonnants d'un motif.Alternatively, it is possible to combine in the same pattern, radiating elements having no slot and radiating elements having one or more slots. By progressively introducing the slots in consecutive radiating elements, it is possible to further reduce the number of transitions and to further broaden the range of variation of the phase of the waves reflected by the radiating elements of a pattern.
Il est également possible, à titre de variante de réalisation de l'invention pour les éléments rayonnants comportant au moins une fente, d'introduire progressivement un ou plusieurs court-circuits comme décrit ci-dessus en liaison avec la
Sur la
Il est possible dans un même élément rayonnant et/ou dans deux ou plusieurs éléments rayonnants différents d'un même motif de combiner des fentes ayant un ou plusieurs court-circuits actifs et des fentes ayant un ou plusieurs court-circuits passifs. Toutes les combinaisons possibles étant envisageables dans le cadre de la présente invention.It is possible in the same radiating element and / or in two or more different radiating elements of the same pattern to combine slots having one or more active short circuits and slots having one or more passive short circuits. All possible combinations being conceivable in the context of the present invention.
L'utilisation de ces éléments rayonnants à résonateurs multiples couplés entre eux dans un réseau réflecteur permet donc de réduire considérablement le nombre de transitions brusques dans le réseau réflecteur et de diminuer d'autant les perturbations induites sur le diagramme de rayonnement. Un autre avantage est qu'avec un nombre de degrés de liberté accru, il est permis de garantir le déphasage requis non seulement à fréquence centrale, mais aussi en plusieurs autres fréquences de la bande passante du réseau réflecteur.The use of these radiators with multiple resonators coupled together in a reflector network thus makes it possible to considerably reduce the number of abrupt transitions in the reflector network and to reduce all the perturbations induced on the radiation pattern. Another advantage is that with a number of degrees of increased freedom, it is possible to guarantee the required phase shift not only at central frequency, but also at several other frequencies of the bandwidth of the reflector network.
Selon un exemple ne formant pas part de l'invention, la
Sur la
Comme représenté sur la
Dans l'exemple ne formant pas part de l'invention représenté sur la
La géométrie de l'élément rayonnant des
Un élément rayonnant en forme de croix ou en forme d'hexagone présente l'avantage d'être très compact et donc à large bande. Plus le nombre de fentes annulaires, donc de résonateurs, est grand, plus l'élément rayonnant est compact et plus il est à large bande. En particulier, un élément rayonnant en forme de croix permet d'obtenir une antenne fonctionnant entre 11 et 14 GHz. En outre, une forme de croix présente l'avantage d'être compatible avec une maille carrée ou rectangulaire, ce qui simplifie la réalisation d'un panneau comportant un réseau réflecteur composé d'éléments rayonnants ayant cette forme de croix.A radiating element in the shape of a cross or in the form of a hexagon has the advantage of being very compact and therefore broadband. The larger the number of annular slots, and hence resonators, the smaller the radiating element and the wider the band. In particular, a radiating element in the form of a cross makes it possible to obtain an antenna operating between 11 and 14 GHz. In addition, a cross shape has the advantage of being compatible with a square or rectangular mesh, which simplifies the production of a panel comprising a reflector network composed of radiating elements having this cross shape.
Alternativement, il est également possible de combiner dans un même motif, des éléments rayonnants ayant une ou plusieurs fentes de largeur évolutive et des éléments rayonnants ayant une ou plusieurs fentes ayant une longueur électrique évolutive, les éléments rayonnants ayant au moins une fente de longueur électrique évolutive pouvant comporter des éléments rayonnants comportant au moins une fente court-circuitée de manière passive et/ou des éléments rayonnants ayant au moins une fente court-circuitée de manière active et/ou des éléments rayonnants comportant au moins une fente incorporant des MEMS capacitifs.Alternatively, it is also possible to combine in the same pattern, radiating elements having one or more slots of scalable width and radiating elements having one or more slots having a scalable electrical length, the radiating elements having at least one slot of electrical length scalable may include radiating elements having at least one slot passively short-circuited and / or radiating elements having at least one slot actively short-circuited and / or radiating elements having at least one slot incorporating capacitive MEMS.
Pour réaliser un arrangement à deux dimensions permettant d'obtenir une loi de variation de phase choisie sans créer de rupture brutale de périodicité, il peut être judicieux de créer une base de données comportant des éléments rayonnants différents ayant une structure évolutive permettant d'obtenir une variation de phase de 360°,comme décrit ci-dessus, et agencés selon un motif à deux dimensions. La
La base de données peut être étendue aux éléments rayonnants comportant plusieurs fentes hexagonales. Dans ce cas, il devient possible de réaliser exactement le déphasage souhaité pour la fréquence centrale du diagramme de rayonnement de l'antenne ainsi que la dispersion de phases souhaitée.The database may be extended to radiating elements having a plurality of hexagonal slots. In this case, it becomes possible to achieve exactly the desired phase shift for the center frequency of the radiation pattern of the antenna and the desired phase dispersion.
Les éléments rayonnants choisis pour réaliser une variation de phase prédéterminée peuvent alors être arrangés selon un réseau réfléchissant à deux dimensions tel que représenté par exemple sur la
Claims (6)
- Reflective array comprising a plurality of radiating elements which are arranged beside each other and which form a reflective surface which is capable of reflecting incident waves with a phase variation law selected to produce a specific coverage, of which:- the radiating elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) are produced with planar technology; and- each radiating element of the reflective surface is selected from one or more predetermined consecutive assembly/assemblies of radiating elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), referred to as patterns, each pattern being capable of creating a progressive phase variation of at least 360° between a first element (1) and a final element (9) of the pattern, and each radiating element of the reflective surface is positioned on the reflective surface in such a manner that* the radiating element of the reflective surface is adjacent to at least one radiating element which corresponds to a preceding or following element in the predetermined order of at least one pattern, and* the reflective array comprises paths between adjacent radiating elements which each follow a pattern in its entirety and predetermined order; and* all the radiating elements of a pattern have an identical circumferential dimension; and* the first (1) and the last (9) elements of each pattern correspond to the same phase modulo 360° and are identical, and the remainder of the radiating elements of the pattern are all different from each other and from the first and last elements;- each pattern comprises radiating elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9) having at least one metal patch (25, 26) and at least one radiating opening (24, 27) provided in the metal patch (25, 26);- the metal patch (25, 26) and the radiating opening (24, 27) of each radiating element of a pattern each have at least one dimensional parameter selected from a geometric dimension or an electrical length, which develops progressively, in a same increasing or decreasing direction, from one radiating element of the pattern to another consecutive radiating element, each pattern comprising, in the predetermined order, a succession of progressive increases, or progressive decreases, of a first dimensional parameter of the metal patch (26) of several first consecutive radiating elements (1 to 4) to a radiating element (5) in the centre of the pattern, characterised in that the radiating element (5) in the centre of the pattern is followed by a succession of progressive increases or progressive decreases, respectively, of a second dimensional parameter of the radiating opening (24) of several second consecutive radiating elements (6 to 8).
- Reflective array according to claim 1, characterised in that the opening (27) is an annular aperture (24) having an electrical length which increases progressively from one radiating element (7) to another adjacent radiating element (8).
- Reflective array according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the metal patch (25) is a metal ring (26) which has a width which develops from one radiating element (3) to another adjacent radiating element (4).
- Reflective array according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pattern comprises:- several consecutive first radiating elements (1, 2, 3, 4) comprising a metal ring (26) which delimits an internal opening (27) in which the width of the metal ring (26) increases progressively from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element until a complete metal patch (25) which constitutes a radiating element (5) is obtained, and- several second consecutive elements (6, 7, 8, 9) comprising an internal metal patch (25) and at least one annular aperture (24) in which the width of the annular aperture (24) increases progressively from one radiating element to another adjacent radiating element until the internal metal patch (25) disappears and a metal ring (26) is obtained.
- Reflective array according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the radiating elements have a geometric shape selected from a hexagonal shape or a cross-like shape with two perpendicular branches.
- Reflective array antenna, characterised in that it comprises at least one reflective array according to any one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0805530A FR2936906B1 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2008-10-07 | OPTIMIZED ARRANGEMENT REFLECTOR NETWORK AND ANTENNA HAVING SUCH A REFLECTIVE NETWORK |
Publications (2)
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EP2175523A1 EP2175523A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
EP2175523B1 true EP2175523B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
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EP09171108.5A Active EP2175523B1 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2009-09-23 | Reflecting surface array and antenna comprising such a reflecting surface |
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EP (1) | EP2175523B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5589225B2 (en) |
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CN (1) | CN101714695B (en) |
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ES (1) | ES2738531T3 (en) |
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Also Published As
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JP2010093811A (en) | 2010-04-22 |
KR20100039264A (en) | 2010-04-15 |
FR2936906B1 (en) | 2011-11-25 |
KR101528938B1 (en) | 2015-06-15 |
CN101714695A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
CA2681548A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
CN101714695B (en) | 2015-06-10 |
ES2738531T3 (en) | 2020-01-23 |
RU2520370C2 (en) | 2014-06-27 |
EP2175523A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
US8319698B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
RU2009137020A (en) | 2011-04-20 |
US20100085272A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
CA2681548C (en) | 2017-03-21 |
FR2936906A1 (en) | 2010-04-09 |
JP5589225B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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