EP2172649B1 - Reciprocation pressure intensifier - Google Patents

Reciprocation pressure intensifier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2172649B1
EP2172649B1 EP08791048.5A EP08791048A EP2172649B1 EP 2172649 B1 EP2172649 B1 EP 2172649B1 EP 08791048 A EP08791048 A EP 08791048A EP 2172649 B1 EP2172649 B1 EP 2172649B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
lubricating oil
cylinder
piston plunger
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08791048.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2172649A1 (en
EP2172649A4 (en
Inventor
Yuuji Kajikawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Polyethylene Corp
Original Assignee
Japan Polyethylene Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Polyethylene Corp filed Critical Japan Polyethylene Corp
Publication of EP2172649A1 publication Critical patent/EP2172649A1/en
Publication of EP2172649A4 publication Critical patent/EP2172649A4/en
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Publication of EP2172649B1 publication Critical patent/EP2172649B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/12—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/18—Lubricating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reciprocating pressure intensifier as defined in the preamble of claim 1 suitably for compressing fluid used as a raw material etc. in a petrochemical industry.
  • Such an intensifier is known e.g. from JP-58183877 .
  • the present invention relates to a reciprocating pressure intensifier suitably used as a pressure intensifier in a high pressure polyethylene manufacturing process that is a process for reacting a liquid, such as monomer or an organic solvent, in the form of ultra-high-pressure fluid of 20MPa (mega-Pascal) to 400MPa.
  • means for sealing the reciprocating compressor employs a technique for injecting the lubricating oil into the axial seal part of the piston plunger for sealing.
  • Patent Publication-1 describes use of an upright reciprocating compressor, wherein lubricating oil is dripped along the inner wall of the cylinder and received in an oil groove that is formed at the forward end of the piston plunger, to thereby supply the lubricating oil between the piston plunger and the cylinder for performing axial seal of the fluid.
  • Patent Publication-2 describes a high-pressure plunger pump wherein the lubricating oil is injected into the gap between the cylinder and the piston plunger, and is sealed within the gap by gaskets disposed at the forward side and backward side of the shaft.
  • the gaskets and lubricating oil are used for axial seal of the fluid, and it is recited therein that compression of the fluid is achieved at an ultra-high pressure of about 25MPa or above.
  • the present inventor conducted investigation as will be described hereinafter, upon design of the ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier of 20 to 400 MPa for use in the high pressure polyethylene manufacturing process.
  • the compressor described in Patent Publication-1 is capable of sealing the fluid by dripping the lubricating oil under a relatively lower pressure such as in a vacuum pump, for example.
  • this reciprocating pressure intensifier is operated at the ultra-high pressure of 20 to 400 MPa that is needed for compressing the fluid such as monomer or organic liquid, there occurs the problem that the lubricating oil mixes into the compression-targeted fluid, and the fluid leaks from the gap that is sealed by the lubricating oil. Thus, it is difficult to use the same under the above ultra-high pressure.
  • the ultra-high pressure compressor described in Patent Publication-2 is capable of performing the seal that endures the ultra-high pressure; however, the gasket quipped adjacent to the compression room is subject to a high pressure from the compression room, and the gasket is largely damaged by the mechanical stress occurring due to the reciprocal movement of the piston plunger, thereby raising the problem of insufficient practical endurance.
  • the high pressure polyethylene manufacturing process includes the process for copolymerizing together ethylene and comonomer, and some of the comonomer is liable to a polymerization reaction. If a mechanical sealing member, such as the gasket, is used for compressing the comonomer, which is liable to the polymerization reaction, the comonomer may polymerize due to generation of heat at the axial seal part, to thereby cause a trouble. Thus, it is also an important factor to prevent generation of heat at the axial-seal part in the reciprocating pressure intensifier used for the polymerization of monomer.
  • JP58 183877 describes an improvement of a reciprocating type pressure pump.
  • the back side of the pressure piston is pressurized by a liquid different from the pressure liquid.
  • the sealing liquid is stored in a seal liquid tank and the upper space of the tank is pressurized by air or other gas pressure higher than the operating pressure of the pump.
  • the seal liquid tank is communicated with the cylinder enclosing the back side of the piston. Accordingly, the piston and the cylinder within the reciprocating range of the piston are prevented from abrasion by the pressure liquid.
  • the present invention is directed to an ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier which is a reciprocating pressure intensifier suitable for obtaining an ultra-high-pressure fluid of 20MPa to 400MPa, wherein lubricating oil is injected into the gap between the outer circumferential surface of a piston plunger that moves forward and backward and a cylinder into which the piston plunger is inserted, and wherein no mechanical sealing device that seals the lubricating oil is provided at the forward side of the piston plunger that is ahead of the injection port of the lubricating oil.
  • the mechanism employed in the present invention for axially-sealing the lubricating oil has a structure that has never been known in the conventional technique, and does not include an axial-direction sealing device between the gap to which the lubricating oil is injected and the compression room.
  • the principle that omission of the sealing device in this way does not cause leakage of the lubricating oil toward the inside of the compression room during the suction stroke and that the lubricating oil is not blown backward toward the lubricating-oil injection device, which has a lower pressure than the compression room, by the high-pressure compression force during the compression stroke will be described hereinafter.
  • Ps, P and Po represent the suction pressure of the fluid in the reciprocating pressure intensifier, discharge pressure of the fluid, and injection pressure of the lubricating oil, respectively.
  • sealing of the lubricating oil is obtained by a pressure dependency of the lubricating oil, which abruptly increases the viscosity thereof along with the increase of pressure and thus hardly flows, and by application of the force in the direction same as the moving direction of the piston plunger due to the friction between the lubricating oil sealed within the narrow gap and the wall surface of the piston plunger.
  • Such a principle of sealing is not known at all heretofore to the persons skilled in the reciprocating pressure intensifier, and in particular, it is beyond imagination of the skilled persons that this principle applies to the reciprocating pressure intensifier having a discharge pressure of 20 to 400 MPa.
  • a cylinder and a cylinder liner are separately manufactured in the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention, these elements are described as separate pieces. However, these elements may be formed in a unitary body.
  • the internal pressure of the compression room reduces contrary to the compression stroke so that Ps ⁇ Po results in some case, whereby the sealed lubricating oil is on the verge of flowing into the compression room.
  • a force is applied in the direction opposite to the direction of the inflow of the lubricating oil by the viscosity resistance of the lubricating oil itself and the frictional resistance between the piston plunger that moves toward the direction opposite to the direction in which the lubricating oil is to flow and the lubricating oil, whereby the inflow of the lubricating oil is suppressed.
  • the gap ( ⁇ ) between the cylinder liner and the piston plunger is larger, or if the ⁇ is larger than 30 ⁇ m, for example, the frictional resistance applied by the movement of the piston plunger is insufficiently transferred to a part of the lubricating oil near the wall surface of the cylinder liner, thereby causing a risk that the fluid within the cylinder may flow backward between the wall surface of the cylinder liner and the lubricating oil.
  • the length (L) of the cylinder liner that is axially-sealed by the lubricating oil is shorter, the pressure loss caused by the viscosity resistance of the lubricating oil will be insufficient, which may incur the backward flow of the fluid within the cylinder.
  • a suitable design of the structure of the gap portion between the cylinder liner and the piston plunger will enable the axial seal by the lubricating oil.
  • the present inventor upon investigating the structure that enables the axial seal of the fluid and lubricating oil, reviewed how the lubricating oil behaves if the lubricating oil exists within the gap ( ⁇ ) between the cylindrical piston plunger having a diameter of "d" and the cylinder liner disposed on the outer circumferential surface thereof, repeating the analysis and experiments thereof.
  • FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the seal length L and the leakage of the lubricating oil in the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the actual measurement data that was obtained by actually measuring the leakage (litter/day) of the lubricating oil "S" exiting from the forward end of the plunger while changing the pressure (oil injection pressure) at the portion of the lubricating-oil injection port and the seal length L, with the diameter d of the plunger and the ⁇ being unchanged, under the condition that the pressure of the reciprocating compressor is an atmospheric pressure.
  • the mixing amount of the lubricating oil into the product is expressed by the following formula:
  • Q ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Ps ⁇ Po ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ d ⁇ 3600 6 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ L 2
  • Q', Ps, Po, ⁇ , d, ⁇ and L are the leakage index (cm 2 /h) of the fluid passing through the gap, suction pressure (Pa) of the fluid in the ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier, injection pressure of the lubricating oil for the axial seal, gap (cm) between the piston plunger and the cylinder liner, diameter (cm) of the piston plunger, viscosity (Pa .
  • the suction pressure Ps is around 0 to 0.4 MPa, for example, the injection pressure Po of the lubricating oil depends on the performance of the device and is set at around 0.5 ⁇ P/Po ⁇ 4, for example.
  • the value for Q' is to be maintained, for example, in the range of: ⁇ 100 ⁇ Q ⁇ ⁇ 0.
  • the upper limit, 0, of Q' is a value corresponding to zero of the mixing amount of the lubricating oil into the product
  • the lower limit, -100 is a value corresponding to the allowable range of the mixing amount of the lubricating oil into the product.
  • the lower limit depends on the product and the required quality thereof.
  • the fact expressed by the above formula (3) is such that suppression of the value of the left side thereof down to equal to or lower than the limit value so that the above formula (3) holds achieves the advantage that the seal provided by the lubricating oil is not substantially affected by the discharge pressure even during the pressure amplification of the fluid. For example, it was found in some case that when the Q" exceeded the above limit value, a larger pressure increase and a larger pressure fluctuation were observed in the sealing member that sealed the lubricating oil and the lubricating-oil injection device. Such a pressure increase and a pressure fluctuation cause a significant reduction in the lifetime of a pump that is pressuring the fluid by using the lubricating oil.
  • the reciprocating pressure intensifier that employs the above configuration is capable of axially-sealing for the piston plunger by using the lubricating oil, and does not employ a technique that axially-seals the gap between the lubricating oil and the fluid by using a mechanical member such as a gasket.
  • a mechanical member such as a gasket.
  • the movement of the piston plunger is smooth, to thereby reduce the abrasion and solve the problem of the reduction in the lifetime accompanied by application of the high pressure onto the mechanical sealing member.
  • it can be operated for a long period with stability while facilitating the maintenance thereof during compression of the fluid and transfer of a ultra-high-pressure fluid.
  • FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a reciprocating pressure intensifier according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier 1 includes a pressure-proof cylinder 2, in which a receiving hole for installing therein a cylinder liner 4 is formed in the axial direction, wherein the cylinder liner 4 is inserted into the receiving hole to be combined with the pressure-proof cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder liner 4 is provided with a liner room that extends in the axial direction and is capable of receiving therein a piston plunger 3 for allowing reciprocation movement thereof, and the piston plunger 3 is inserted in the liner room.
  • the cylinder liner 4 has a configuration for preventing leakage of the compressed fluid M, wherein a minimum gap is formed in association with the piston plunger 3 in the range "L" in which the forward end of the piston plunger 3 is capable of reciprocally moving, and the internal surface thereof is mirror-finished to a higher degree.
  • the piston plunger 3 upon intensifying the pressure of the fluid M, is reciprocated by a drive unit (not shown) that is installed separately.
  • the forward end of the cylinder liner 4 (shown as a right side in FIG. 1 ) is provided with a compression room 5 for compressing the fluid M, and the compression room 5 is provided with a suction port 5a and a discharge port 5b in association, that include therein a check valve.
  • a lubricating-oil injection port 6 for injecting sealing-use lubricating oil S is formed at the backward part (shown at the left side in FIG. 1 ) of the cylinder liner, and the lubricating-oil injection port 6 is coupled to a lubricating-oil reservoir 8 via a lubricating-oil injection pump 7.
  • a part of the cylinder liner at which the lubricating-oil injection port 6 is formed has a larger diameter than the remaining part to provide a larger gap between the piston plunger 3 and the cylinder liner 4 so as to distribute the sealing-use lubricating oil S in the whole circumferential surface of the piston plunger 3.
  • a sealing member 10 is installed on a part of the cylinder liner 4 that is located behind the lubricating-oil injection port 6 for preventing backward leakage of the lubricating oil S in the state of the piston plunger 3 being inserted.
  • the sealing member 10 provided on the backward side of the piston plunger 3 may be a mechanical sealing device, such as an ordinary gasket, gland or piston ring. This is because the axial-sealing of the lubricating oil is by far easier to achieve than the axial-sealing of the fluid M that is a reaction raw material used in the ordinary chemical industry etc, and because there is a lower risk of occurring of accident in the event of occurrence of the leakage.
  • the fluid M such as a chemical raw material
  • the fluid M is sealed using the lubricating oil S at the forward side of the lubricating-oil injection port 6. Therefore, the gap between the piston plunger 3 and the cylinder liner 4 is reduced in accordance with the above formula (3) and the lubricating oil S is injected into the gap for the sealing, without using a mechanical sealing member, although an auxiliary use thereof is not excluded. This maintains the state of separation between the fluid M and the lubricating oil S without mixing therebetween, whereby the compressed fluid M is sealed by the lubricating oil S.
  • auxiliary use of the sealing member means existence of a large gap between the sealing member and the piston plunger or between the sealing member and the cylinder liner, in a degree of the gap such that the sealing member is not substantially damaged by the reciprocal movement of the piston plunger.
  • the piston plunger 3 When the fluid M, such as a chemical raw material, is to be compressed using the reciprocating pressure intensifier 1 of the present invention, the piston plunger 3 is inserted into the cylinder liner 4, and the lubricating oil S is injected from the lubricating-oil injection port 6.
  • the lubricating oil S injected into the gap between the piston plunger 3 and the cylinder liner 4 is preferably maintained so that the discharge pressure of the reciprocating pressure intensifier 1 and the pressure of the lubricating oil S for the axial sealing have therebetween the following relationship: 0.5 ⁇ P / Po ⁇ 4 where P and Po are the discharge pressure (Pa) of the fluid in the ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier, and injection pressure (Pa) of the lubricating oil for the axial sealing.
  • the reciprocating pressure intensifier of the present invention can prevent leakage of the fluid M under the condition of P>Po, which departs from the common sense, and is capable of axially sealing in the axial direction even in the case of P/Po being as large as P/Po ⁇ 4. Except for the case where the obstacle caused by mixing of the lubricating oil S to the process is extremely serious, the condition that P/Po is about 0.5 does not exclude the practical use thereof.
  • the present invention achieved the design of a new reciprocating pressure intensifier by experiments and analysis, and in order to obtain an ultra-high-pressure reciprocating pressure intensifier having a higher performance, it is desirable to employ the conditions as recited below.
  • the pressure characteristic of the viscosity of the lubricating oil S can be measured using a falling-ball high-pressure viscometric technique etc. described in Non-Patent Literature 1.
  • the size of gap, ⁇ , shown in FIG. 1 between the piston plunger 3 and the cylinder liner 4 expands although slightly along with the cylinder liner 4 and pressure-proof cylinder 2 as a whole, due to the pressure of the compressed fluid M. For this reason, it is desirable to correct the value by calculation, wherein the calculation of expansion is performed using the average pressure applied to the cylinder liner 4, which is defined by (discharge pressure of reciprocating pressure intensifier + injection pressure of lubricating oil S for the axial sealing) / 2.
  • the length L of the part of the cylinder liner for which the lubricating oil performs the axial sealing a length thereof at the moment (bottom dead point) at which the reciprocating pressure intensifier shifts from the suction stroke to the compression stroke is used, for example.
  • Design of the compressor and pump by using the above technique, if employed, allows the compressed fluid M to form a sealing mechanism for the side of fluid M only by the lubricating oil without using a mechanical sealing device, such as a gasket and piston ring. This was ascertained by theoretical analysis and experiments.
  • Lubricating oil S viscosity of lubricating oil under the sealing condition
  • the sealing by the lubricating oil in the present invention is targeted to a high-pressure fluid M at 20MPa or above.
  • the viscosity (Pa . s) of lubricating oil S at the high pressure expressed by the formula (3) can be measured using a falling-ball high-pressure viscometric technique, which is used in the examination of general tribology and described in Non-Patent Literature-1.
  • lubricating oil used in the present invention mineral oil, polybutene oil, polyalkylglycol oil etc. are enumerated, without limitation thereto for execution of the present invention.
  • Use of the mineral oil is preferred however, and the kinetic viscosity thereof at the normal pressure and 40°C is preferably in the range of 75mm 2 /s to 655mm 2 /s.
  • any material may be used so long as the material has a pressure resistance and an abrasion resistance.
  • Materials that provide a longitudinal elastic modulus of 1.9x10 11 to 6.5x10 11 N/m 2 to the outer circumferential surface of the piston plunger 3 and the cylinder liner 4 are preferred, and it is especially preferred to use tungsten carbide (for example, tungsten carbide grain that is sinter-treated using cobalt).
  • the reciprocating pressure intensifier of the present invention is capable of preventing reduction in the endurance of the pressure intensifier caused by damage on the sealing device, and preventing accidents, such as a fire, occurring due to the side reaction caused by generation of heat in the sealing device.
  • the configuration wherein the sealing device for the lubricating oil is omitted under presence of a high pressure of 20 to 400 MPa is not known heretofore. Employment of such a structure does not cause any leakage of the lubricating oil toward the outside of the compressor device, and the achievement of the practical advantage that the compressed fluid can be sealed by the lubricating oil departs from the common sense of the skilled persons.
  • the reciprocating pressure intensifier of the present invention is not limited only to the configuration of the embodiment, and a variety of modifications and alterations from the above embodiment will fall within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
EP08791048.5A 2007-07-18 2008-07-10 Reciprocation pressure intensifier Active EP2172649B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007187110A JP5069964B2 (ja) 2007-07-18 2007-07-18 往復動昇圧装置
PCT/JP2008/062500 WO2009011284A1 (ja) 2007-07-18 2008-07-10 往復動昇圧装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2172649A1 EP2172649A1 (en) 2010-04-07
EP2172649A4 EP2172649A4 (en) 2014-09-03
EP2172649B1 true EP2172649B1 (en) 2016-04-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08791048.5A Active EP2172649B1 (en) 2007-07-18 2008-07-10 Reciprocation pressure intensifier

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EP (1) EP2172649B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5069964B2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2009011284A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204572378U (zh) * 2012-11-02 2015-08-19 卡特彼勒公司 可变容量柱塞泵
CN105041598B (zh) * 2015-08-27 2017-08-01 武汉市海泰伟创科技有限公司 一种油浸式洗发水柱塞泵
KR102547638B1 (ko) * 2023-02-01 2023-06-26 류광현 이온성 액체를 이용한 습식윤활 기능을 갖는 유체 압축기

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2318468A1 (de) * 1973-04-12 1974-10-31 Bauer Kompressoren Verfahren und vorrichtung zum schmieren eines kompressors mit sternfoermig angeordneten zylindern
JPS6022195B2 (ja) * 1982-01-22 1985-05-31 義一 山谷 高圧流体発生装置
JPS58183877A (ja) * 1982-04-20 1983-10-27 Nitsukuu Kogyo Kk 往復動式加圧ポンプの改良
JPS59194570U (ja) * 1983-06-13 1984-12-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料噴射ポンプ
JP2538490B2 (ja) * 1992-11-27 1996-09-25 祐昭 金子 プランジャポンプ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2172649A1 (en) 2010-04-07
EP2172649A4 (en) 2014-09-03
JP5069964B2 (ja) 2012-11-07
WO2009011284A1 (ja) 2009-01-22
JP2009024554A (ja) 2009-02-05

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