EP2171161A1

EP2171161A1 - Construction element for structures for the protection and stabilization of regions at risk of erosion, sliding, and falling rocks, and a method and system for the production thereof

Info

Publication number: EP2171161A1
Application number: EP08785077A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andrea Roth
Original assignee: Geobrugg AG
Current assignee: Geobrugg AG
Priority date: 2007-08-02
Filing date: 2008-07-25
Publication date: 2010-04-07
Also published as: CH701476B1; WO2009015830A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction element for the stabilization and securing of regions of coastlines, riverbanks, dams, and embankments at risk of erosion and sliding, and for architectural and noise protection applications or the like, having a sack-like container (1) made of mesh wire (3) or of a mesh forming loops, or a net having a filling (2) of crushed stones. The container (1) is equipped with a carrying element (7) disposed therein in a longitudinal-axial manner, by means of which the container can be suspended from a lifting and transport device (14). In this manner it is possible to carry out the filling and transporting of the construction element in a vertical position. This is an advantage in the sense of a compact and uniform filling and a convenient and gentle handling of the construction elements. The same can also be moved easily and accurately on the construction site.

Description

Structural element for the protection and stabilization of areas subject to erosion, slipping and falling rocks, as well as a method and an installation for the production thereof

The invention relates to a structural element for buildings for the protection and stabilization erosions-, slip and rockfall prone areas of coasts, river banks, dams, embankments or the like, consisting of a bag-like container made of wire mesh with a filling of crushed stones.

Such components are known to stabilize, securing and securing vulnerable or already damaged land strips, especially in coasts, banks or slopes that are exposed to flow or climate-related Erosionseffekten. They are cheaper than big ones monolithic blocks of stone and have the advantage of this easier handling, both during transport and in the displacement of the components at the site.

The previously known components of this type are produced with conventional hexagonal wire mesh and / or with welded wire mesh, the mechanical strength rather weak and their plastic deformability is sometimes considerable. This has the consequence that the wire mesh or grid undergoes deformations both during the filling process and during transport, which cause the stone filling to become loose. If the components transported stacked, then there is a risk that they wedge each other, which further complicates their handling.

It is also in the known components of disadvantage that they are horizontally filled with the crushed stones, so that then you have to close the whole longitudinal seam, which then represents a weak point. It is also disadvantageous that a special transport bar with several hooks attached to it is used for the transport of the components, so that in each case several handles are required when loading and unloading of the components. Due to this fact, such known components are usually mounted on site and then no longer transported, since this very transport is very complex and therefore costly.

The invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages and to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is easy to manufacture and transport and also ensures accurate, immovable installation and stratification of the components at the site. This is inventively achieved in that the container of the component by an approximately cylindrical (but other prismatic body are possible), dimensionally stable wire mesh with closed bottom and closable head side is formed, which has a longitudinally axially arranged support element, one end of which the bottom Container engages underneath and the other end protrudes on the head side from the container and is provided there with a suspension member for suspending the container to a lifting and transporting device.

The inventive embodiment of the container makes it possible to move it with the help of the support element in the vertical position and to fill in this position by its open head side. This makes the backfill compact and very even. In conjunction with the special nature of the wire mesh is thus obtained a dimensionally stable structure, which can be conveniently transported hanging on the lifting and transporting device to the site and there can easily and accurately unload at the designated location.

In order to increase the dimensional stability of the component, the invention provides that the wire mesh is produced as a quadrangular diagonal braid with a three-dimensional, mattress-like structure of corrosion-resistant, high-strength steel wire with a nominal strength of 1000 to 2200 N / mm ² . Such a wire mesh is described in more detail in WO 99/43894. It is procedurally advantageous if the wire mesh is made as a seamless tube. The mesh can basically consist of rectangular, triangular, polygonal and / or diamond-shaped stitches. It could also have a honeycomb or hexagonal configuration, as in garden nests. It is also possible that from plastics and / or parts of plastics and / or parts of combined materials such braid structures are formed or otherwise produced, which then can give the already mentioned mesh forms.

In terms of convenient handling and a better stratification of the components, it is also advantageous if the length of the container is a multiple, preferably three to four times its diameter.

The container is expediently closable on the floor and / or head side with a steel cable guided through the meshes of the wire mesh. Alternatively, the container bottom and / or head side can be closed with wire mesh of similar material, which is fixed with distributed left and right of the mesh knots arranged shackles.

Depending on the manner of use, these foot and head parts can also be designed differently and with other materials. For example, plates with or without reinforcing ribs, welded meshes, stamped or perforated elements and the like can be used.

According to the invention the support element is formed by a pull rod as a longitudinal element, which is guided by two steel plates arranged on the bottom and on the top side and between them by means of clamping nuts. is tense. As a result, manufacturing and assembly of the support element are simplified. For components of smaller diameter, it is expedient to close the container on the bottom and top sides with the two steel plates.

Comparable advantages also arise when the support element is formed by a pull rope which is attached to the bottom-side steel plate. As longitudinal elements in addition to ropes and strands, wire bundles, profile elements or the like of preferably steel and / or plastic can be used.

Conveniently, the support member is equipped on the head side with a serving as a suspension lug or tab for suspending the container to the lifting and transporting device.

It is further provided according to the invention, a manufacturing method, according to the first container is closed on the bottom side, then the support element is inserted into the horizontal wire mesh, suspended from the lifting and transporting device and then driven vertically suspended to a filling station, in which the container vertical standing filled with crushed stones and then closed at the head end.

The vertical position of the container facilitates the filling process and the filling is uniform and compact. In addition, the wire mesh of the container is very gentle in the manufacturing and transport. In addition, the most dense storage of stones or filling elements can be achieved by gently shaking. This shaking can be done in various ways, but it is advantageous and efficiently, to transmit the vibration over the longitudinal member to the device.

The invention further provides a plant for carrying out the method proposed above, comprising a lifting and transporting device for lifting, lowering and transporting the container hanging therefrom and a receiving shaft for the container and a filling device arranged above the receiving shaft for introducing the filling of crushed stones includes in the receptacle vertical container. Such a system is very simple in terms of construction and operation. She works energy-saving and with little staff.

In order to facilitate the filling process, the filling device according to the invention is provided with a filling funnel, which adjoins the container on the head side and is centered by its carrying element.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments with reference to the schematic and perspective drawing. Show it:

1 shows a component according to the invention schematically in side view, shown suspended on a construction machine,

2 shows the component according to FIG. 1 in a view from below, shown slightly enlarged,

1 in a top view with a closed container, this enlarged shown,

4 shows a hopper and a receiving shaft with inserted wire mesh of a system for producing a component, 5 shows the hopper and the receiving shaft of FIG. 4 in a view from above,

6 shows the filled component after removal of the filling funnel and before closing the head side, and

Fig. 7 shows the finished component when pulling out of the receiving shaft.

Such components are suitable for buildings to protect, safeguard and stabilize erosion, slip, rockfall or murg hazardous areas of coasts, river banks, dams, embankments or the like. The invention can also be used for applications as an architectural element or noise barriers.

The component according to FIGS. 1 to 3 consists of a bag-like container 1 made of wire mesh with a filling of crushed indicated stones 2. The container 1 is formed by an approximately cylindrical wire mesh 3, which is a quadrangular diagonal braid with a three-dimensional mattress-like structure corrosion-resistant steel wire having a nominal strength of preferably 1000 to 2200 N / mm ^{2 is} made. Such a high-strength wire mesh is largely dimensionally stable after filling the component. Thus, such components of several meters in length and a thickness of several decimeters can be generated.

The support element 7 can be manufactured as a so-called sacrificial anode and form a corrosion protection of the wire mesh 3 in particular when used in seawater. The braid may also consist of rectangular, triangular, polygon, and / or diamond-shaped mesh and smaller nominal strengths have in principle, however, (eg 300 - I ¹ OOO N / mm ^2). It could also have a honeycomb or hexagonal configuration, as in garden nests. It is also possible that from plastics and / or parts of plastics and / or parts of combined materials such braid structures are formed or otherwise produced, which then can give the already mentioned mesh forms.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the container 1 is closed at the bottom with a wire mesh 4 of similar material, which is connected to the cylindrical wire mesh 3 with distributed left and right of the mesh knot arranged shackles 5.

As shown in Fig. 3, the container 1 is initially open at the head and is closed only after completion of the filling process. For this purpose, a steel cable 6, which is guided through the mesh of the wire mesh 3. Instead of the steel cord 6, a similar wire mesh can also be used here, which is connected to the cylindrical wire mesh 3 by means of shackle 5. In the container 1, a support member 7 is provided, which comprises a pull rod 8, which is guided by two floor and head side arranged steel plates 9, 10 and is clamped between them by means of clamping nuts 11, 12. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the bottom-side steel plate 9 is applied outside against the container bottom. By pulling up the pull rod 8 thus the whole container is raised. Instead of the pull rod and a fixed to the bottom-side steel plate 9 pull rope can be used. The wire mesh 3 is made as a seamless tube. The supplied to the filling station wire mesh 3 is first closed on the bottom side, then the support member 7 is installed. Whose pull rod 8 is passed through the bottom-side steel plate 9 and the underlying wire mesh 3 until its head-side end protrudes from the wire mesh 3. There, a suspension member 13 is provided in the form of a suspension loop or a hanging loop for suspending the wire frame 3 on a forklift truck or the like serving as a lifting and transporting device.

Subsequently, the wire mesh 3 can be clamped to an approximately cylindrical structure and raised with the forklift until the container 1 is vertical and rests securely on the bottom of the filling station. There, the container is filled from above with crushed stones. By filling from above, the filling is uniform and compact. Thereafter, the container 1 is closed on the head side and, as shown in Fig. 1, transported as a finished component on the suspension member 13 of the drawbar 8 suspended to the site.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 7, the component is closed on the bottom and top sides with circular steel plates 15, 16 whose diameter is adapted to the diameter of the wire mesh 3. The connection between this and the steel plates 15, 16 also takes place with shackles 5, which are distributed uniformly on the plate circumference. The pull rod 8 is also passed between two steel plates 15, 16 and locked with clamping nuts 17, 18.

In contrast to the above-mentioned production is here at the filling station 19, a cylindrical receiving shaft 20 with an inner Steel jacket 21 provided. Therein, the container 1 is taken upright. Its diameter is adapted to that of the component to be manufactured.

As is apparent from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the wire mesh 3 is introduced with the bottom-side steel plate 15 and the tie rod 8 vertically into the receiving shaft 20 until it is completely sunk therein. Thereafter, a hopper 22 is placed above the wire mesh 3 on the head side. To center the hopper serves a mounted on a tribrach 23 guide sleeve 24 which is guided by the tie rod 8 of the support member 7.

The crushed stones can then be flushed by a filling device not shown in detail through the hopper 22 in the receiving shaft 20 in the container, which is held upright by the receiving shaft 20 and the steel shell 21 contained therein. After completion of the filling process, the hopper 22 is removed again, then the upper steel plate 16 is placed and fastened to the wire mesh 3 with the shackles 5. Thereafter, the hanging tab 13 is screwed onto the pull rod 8 of the support element. Then, the finished component can be hung on the lifting and transporting and transported in this position to the designated site.

The inventive system is designed so that it is possible to install them easily at any location, especially with regard to a favorable placement relative to the site to be supplied. It also enables a low-personnel and gentle operation. In the context of the invention, several containers can be placed or placed next to one another in the area to be stabilized at the same time. Conveniently, a hanging on the means of transport support beam is provided on which the containers are suspended in series Together, they are raised and guided into the final position and stored there.

The inventive components are longer units that can be well layered as such. In particular, in structures such as underwater hills and the like. This achieves a better structure compared to buildings of individual monolithic stone blocks. The displacement of the components can be carried out usually from the country with a pneumatic crane or by helicopter. This achieves a well-defined installation position.

The components according to the invention are suitable both for wave protection in the riparian area and for erosion protection in hydraulic engineering, furthermore for protection against sand leaching on banks or banks subjected to current flow, as stabilizing elements for smaller and medium-sized embankments and for the design of gardens and similar installations.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Construction element for structures for stabilization, securing erosions- slip or rockfall vulnerable areas of coasts, river banks, dams, embankments and for architectural and noise protection applications or the like, consisting of a bag-like container (1) made of wire mesh or a mesh-forming braid or Net with a filling of stones (2), characterized in that the container (1) is formed by an approximately cylindrical or other prismatic shape formed wire mesh (3), made of a mesh formed by mesh or net, one or more therein has longitudinally axially arranged support elements (7) for lifting the container (1).

2. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that the support element (7) the container (1) on the bottom side engages under such that the entire container (1) on this support element (7) is raised and displaceable, while the container (1) dimensionally stable remains.

3. The component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container (1) is formed with closed and / or closable bottom and closed and / or closable head side, wherein the longitudinal axial arranged support member (7) with its one end on the bottom side Container under engages and the other end protrudes from the top of the container and there with preferably a suspension member (13) for suspending the container to a lifting and transport means (14) is provided.

4. The component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wire mesh (3) is made as a quadrangular diagonal braid with a three-dimensional mattress-like structure made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength steel wire with a nominal strength of 1000 to 2200 N / mm ² .

5. The component according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wire mesh (3) is made as a seamless tube.

6. The component according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the length of the container (1) is a multiple, preferably three to four times its diameter.

7. The component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the container (1) bottom and / or head side with a through the mesh of the wire mesh (3) guided through steel cable (6) is closable.

8. The component according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the container (1) bottom and / or head side with a wire mesh (4) made of similar material is closable, with the left and right of the mesh knots arranged distributed shakings ( 5) can be fastened.

9. The component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the support element (7) by a pull rod (8) is formed by two bottom and head side arranged steel plates (9, 10, 15, 16) out and between this is clamped by means of clamping nuts (11, 12 and 17, 18).

10. The component according to claim 9, characterized in that the container (1) on the bottom and head side with the two steel plates (15, 16) is closable.

1 1. A device according to claim 10, characterized in that the supporting element (7) is formed by a pull rope, which is fixed to the bottom-side steel plate (9 or 15).

12. The component according to claim 3, characterized in that the suspension member (13) of the support element (7) is formed by a tab or eyelet.

13. The component according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the support element (7) is made in the manner of an anode and in particular when used in seawater forms a corrosion protection of the wire mesh (3).

14. A method for producing the component according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that first the container (1) is closed on the bottom side, then the support element (7) inserted into the underlying wire mesh (3) and to the lifting and transporting device ( 14) is suspended, and then the container (1) is driven vertically hanging to a filling station (19), in which the container (1) vertically filled with crushed stones and then closed at the top.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the stones or filling elements by means of vibrating or shaking in the container (1) are compressed and this vibrating or shaking preferably takes place at the support element (7).

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that at the same time several containers are placed side by side in the area to be stabilized or placed.

17. Plant for the production of the device according to claim 1 according to the method of claim 13, characterized by the lifting and transporting means (14) for lifting, lowering and transporting the container and a filling station with a receiving shaft (20) for the container and an over arranged in the receiving shaft (20). Device for introducing the filling of stones in the container located in the receiving shaft.

18. Plant according to claim 15, characterized in that the filling device is provided with a hopper (22), the head side of the container (1) adjacent and by the support element (7) is centered.