EP2167775A1 - Slat blind - Google Patents

Slat blind

Info

Publication number
EP2167775A1
EP2167775A1 EP08753863A EP08753863A EP2167775A1 EP 2167775 A1 EP2167775 A1 EP 2167775A1 EP 08753863 A EP08753863 A EP 08753863A EP 08753863 A EP08753863 A EP 08753863A EP 2167775 A1 EP2167775 A1 EP 2167775A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
blind
driving system
magnetic coupling
slats
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08753863A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Henryk Musial
Boguslaw Kasinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fakro PP Sp zoo
Original Assignee
Fakro PP Sp zoo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fakro PP Sp zoo filed Critical Fakro PP Sp zoo
Publication of EP2167775A1 publication Critical patent/EP2167775A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
    • E06B9/28—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable
    • E06B9/30—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable liftable
    • E06B9/303—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable liftable with ladder-tape
    • E06B9/307—Details of tilting bars and their operation

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a slat blind equipped with a driving system for tilting a plurality of slats from the position enabling maximum daylight to the position of maximum darkening of the interior.
  • a blind is known from patent application PL-P-374715 consisting of slats mounted in ladder cords secured with their ends to arms mounted on a rotary shaft.
  • the shaft is fitted with brackets mating abutting surfaces allowing the shaft to turn to a limited extent. Turn of the shaft makes the slats tilt from the position enabling maximum daylight to a position limiting daylight access.
  • the blind is equipped with a driving system for a slat tilting system consisting of two rotary pulleys connected to each other by a strand loop.
  • a grip is mounted on the strand to facilitate moving the strand between the pulleys rotated by the strand.
  • One rotary pulley is mounted in the upper part of the blind and through friction members it mates the rotary shaft, upon which the ladder cords with slats hang while the other pulley is mounted below at a distance suitable for the length of the strand.
  • the shift of the strand makes the upper pulley rotate.
  • fhctional members it forces the shaft to rotate thus causing a change in slat setting from the position of maximum darkening through the position of maximum illumination to maximum darkening again.
  • brackets mating abutting surfaces the rotary shaft can turn by nearly 180° at most, even if the user keeps applying a force in the same direction upon the driving system members.
  • Patent application PL-P-374715 also presents a spring coupling-decoupling mechanism, which constitutes a spring tightened on a shaft mounted rotatably in a mounting member while the spring has ends formed in the shape of brackets.
  • the spring tightening on the rotary shaft is so adjusted that the spring rotates together with the shaft.
  • the slats are mounted in ladder cords mating an arm, which is rotatably mounted on the shaft.
  • the rotary arm is placed between the spring's brackets in such a way that turning of the shaft together with the spring tightened on it moves also the arm causing a tilt of the slats.
  • the body the shaft is rotatably mounted in has a bumper with two abutting surfaces mating the brackets of the spring tightened on the shaft.
  • the rotary shaft is coupled with the driving system.
  • the object of the present invention is providing a slat blind with a driving system for tilting slats, equipped with a means for drive transmission, which has improved durability and ensures constant functional parameters of the driving system and failure-free operation of the blind during its life.
  • the slat blind according to the present invention has slats tilted by the driving system consisting of ladder cords, a rotary shaft with a coiling roll, a magnetic coupling and a driving gear.
  • the ends of the ladder cords are secured to the roller mounted on the rotary shaft and the rotary shaft is coupled by the magnetic coupling with the driving gear.
  • the rotary shaft, coupling and driving gear are placed inside the upper cassette.
  • the magnetic coupling constitutes two mating members; at least one magnet generating a magnetic field is mounted in these members.
  • One coupling member is secured to the rotary shaft while the other one is secured to the driving gear put into turning motion by the user.
  • This motion is transmitted by the magnetic coupling to the rotary shaft and turning of the shaft makes the ends of the ladder cords coil on the roller and tilt the slats from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface, which corresponds to the maximum illumination of the interior, to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, which corresponds to the darkening of the interior.
  • the ladder cords with slats mounted in them are pulled up so that the top slat leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette surface.
  • fig. 1 shows a roof window with a blind operated by a rod with a crank
  • fig. 2 shows a fragment of a window sash with partially uncovered upper cassette - in the first embodiment
  • fig. 3 shows driving system members of this blind
  • fig. 4 shows a fragment of a window sash with partially uncovered upper cassette - in the second embodiment
  • fig. 5 shows driving system members of this blind.
  • the blind has a set of horizontal slats 1 mounted in ladder cords 2.
  • the ends of the ladder cords 2 are secured to the roller 3 mounted on the rotary shaft 4.
  • the rotary shaft 4 is mounted in the body 5.
  • the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling is mounted on the shaft 4 and the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling is secured to the worm wheel 8 of the worm gear mounted in the housing 9.
  • the worm 10 of the gear is equipped with a knob 11 containing a hexagonal socket 12.
  • the discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling have four recesses 13 of circular cross- section while the axis of the recesses is parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 4.
  • Cylindrical magnets 14 are mounted inside the recesses 13.
  • the shaft 4 with a roller 3, the magnetic coupling and the worm gear are located in the cassette 15 while the knob 11 protrudes beyond the cassette.
  • the knob 11 is turned by the user manually, directly or remotely with the rod 16.
  • blind slats 1 When blind slats 1 are set perpendicular to the glass pane surface, the blind enables maximum illumination of the interior. To reduce illumination of the interior one should turn the knob 11 mating the worm gear transmitting turns of the knob 11 by means of magnetic coupling to the rotary shaft 4. During turning of the shaft 4 the ladder cords 2 coil on the roller 3 and turn the slats 1 from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, gradually reducing the light access to the interior.
  • the ladder cords 2 lift slats 1 up so that the top slat 1 leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette 15 ensuring maximum darkening of the room and immobilize the shaft 4 with the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling. Further turning of the knob 11 in the same direction makes the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling, put in rotary motion by the worm gear, rotate in relation to the immobilized disc 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
  • knob 11 Turning of the knob 11 in the opposite direction causes gradual uncoiling of the ladder cords 2 from the rollers 3 and increase in illumination of the room until maximum illumination is obtained.
  • the ladder cords 2 start coiling on the rollers 3 in the opposite direction, limiting the light access to the interior until the room is darkened to the maximum when the top slat 1 leans with its other longitudinal edge against the upper cassette 15.
  • the shaft 4 together with the disc 6 of the coupling is immobilized.
  • Further turning of the knob 11 in the same direction causes that the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling, connected by the worm gear to the knob 11 turns in relation to the immobilized disc 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
  • the interaction force of the discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling may be adjusted by applying of less magnets 14.
  • the blind has a set of horizontal slats 1 mounted in the ladder cords 2.
  • the ends of the ladder cords 2 are secured to the roller 3 mounted on the rotary shaft 4.
  • the rotary shaft 4 is mounted in the body 5.
  • the member 6 of the magnetic coupling is also mounted on the shaft 4, whereas the member 7 of the magnetic coupling is secured to the flexible shaft 17 mounted in the housing 9.
  • the flexible shaft 17 mates the rod 16.
  • One member of the magnetic coupling constitutes the disc 6 coaxial with the rotary shaft 4, while four recesses 13 of square cross-section are made on its circumference. Cubicoidal magnets 14 with properly adjusted magnetic properties are mounted in the recesses 13.
  • the other member of the magnetic coupling constitutes the cylinder 7 the internal diameter of which is a bit larger than the diameter of the disc 6.
  • Four through recesses 13 of square cross-section are made in the side surface of the cylindrical member 7.
  • Cubicoidal magnets 14 are mounted in the recesses.
  • the pulley 6 is put into the cylindrical member 7 of the magnetic coupling.
  • the rotary shaft 4 with the roller 3, the magnetic coupling and the flexible shaft 17 are located in the cassette 15. The ending of the flexible shaft 17 protrudes from the cassette and the rod 16 mates the flexible shaft.
  • the blind When the blind slats 1 are set perpendicular to the glass pane surface, the blind enables maximum illumination of the interior. To reduce the illumination of the interior, the driving gear of the blind should be put in motion by turning of the rod 16. Turn of the shaft 16 is transmitted by the flexible shaft 17 to the magnetic coupling, which puts the rotary shaft in motion. During turning of the shaft 4 the ladder cords 2 coil on the roller 3 turning the slats 1 from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, gradually reducing illumination of the interior.
  • the ladder cords 2 When the slats 1 turn by nearly 90°, the ladder cords 2 lift slats 1 up so that the top slat 1 leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette 15, causing maximum darkening of the room and immobilize the shaft 4 along with the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling. Further turning of the knob 16 in the same direction makes the cylindrical member 7 of the magnetic coupling put in rotary motion by the flexible shaft 17 and the rod 16 rotate in relation to the immobilized pulley 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
  • the interaction force of the discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling may be adjusted by applying of less magnets 14.

Abstract

The slat blind has many slats /1/ tilted by the driving system equipped with a magnetic coupling protecting against damage of the slat /1/ and moreover the functional parameters of members of the drive do not change as a result of operation of the blind.

Description

Slat blind
The present invention concerns a slat blind equipped with a driving system for tilting a plurality of slats from the position enabling maximum daylight to the position of maximum darkening of the interior.
A blind is known from patent application PL-P-374715 consisting of slats mounted in ladder cords secured with their ends to arms mounted on a rotary shaft. The shaft is fitted with brackets mating abutting surfaces allowing the shaft to turn to a limited extent. Turn of the shaft makes the slats tilt from the position enabling maximum daylight to a position limiting daylight access.
The blind is equipped with a driving system for a slat tilting system consisting of two rotary pulleys connected to each other by a strand loop. A grip is mounted on the strand to facilitate moving the strand between the pulleys rotated by the strand. One rotary pulley is mounted in the upper part of the blind and through friction members it mates the rotary shaft, upon which the ladder cords with slats hang while the other pulley is mounted below at a distance suitable for the length of the strand.
The shift of the strand makes the upper pulley rotate. By means of fhctional members it forces the shaft to rotate thus causing a change in slat setting from the position of maximum darkening through the position of maximum illumination to maximum darkening again. Thanks to brackets mating abutting surfaces, the rotary shaft can turn by nearly 180° at most, even if the user keeps applying a force in the same direction upon the driving system members. In the solution described in patent application PL-P-374715 in order to avoid a damage to the slat tilting system one couple of mating members of the driving system has the friction coefficient so adjusted that as soon as the shaft brackets are in contact with the abutting surfaces, the driving member of this couple of driving system members slides over the surface of the driven member without transmitting the movement. Therefore when the shaft rotation is stopped, either the upper pulley rotated by the strand shifted by the user slides over the surface of the frictional member secured to the immobilized shaft or the strand shifted by the user slides over the circumference of the upper pulley immobilized in a frictional coupling with the blocked rotary shaft or the grip slides over the strand loop. Patent application PL-P-374715 also presents a spring coupling-decoupling mechanism, which constitutes a spring tightened on a shaft mounted rotatably in a mounting member while the spring has ends formed in the shape of brackets. The spring tightening on the rotary shaft is so adjusted that the spring rotates together with the shaft. The slats are mounted in ladder cords mating an arm, which is rotatably mounted on the shaft. The rotary arm is placed between the spring's brackets in such a way that turning of the shaft together with the spring tightened on it moves also the arm causing a tilt of the slats. The body the shaft is rotatably mounted in has a bumper with two abutting surfaces mating the brackets of the spring tightened on the shaft. The rotary shaft is coupled with the driving system.
When the driving system turns the shaft with the spring and the arm and the spring's bracket leans against the abutting surface of the bumper located on the body, the spring tightening around the shaft should be released causing decoupling of the driving system and the slat tilting system. The slats remain in the set position although the shaft is still being turned by the driving system.
It is necessary for correct operation of the blinds according to patent application PL-P-374715 that abutting surfaces are properly located in relation to the brackets so that the slats can be turned from the darkening position through the position corresponding to the maximum illumination of the interior to the darkening position, i.e. by nearly 180°. To obtain the maximum darkening of the interior it is essential that the top slat is mounted at a right distance from the upper cassette containing slat tilting system members. Fhctional couplings between system members wear out during operation of the blind, so its functional parameters get worse over the time whereas coupling of the slat tilting system and the driving system with the spring requires adjusting the spring force to the blind. In addition the design of the blind presented in the application requires that the driving system consisting of two pulleys connected by a strand loop should be located on the side of the slats, which requires an adequately large room for mounting blinds and during blind assembly at a customer it is necessary to maintain an adequate span between the pulleys connected with the strand loop so that the driving system operate properly. The object of the present invention is providing a slat blind with a driving system for tilting slats, equipped with a means for drive transmission, which has improved durability and ensures constant functional parameters of the driving system and failure-free operation of the blind during its life.
The slat blind according to the present invention has slats tilted by the driving system consisting of ladder cords, a rotary shaft with a coiling roll, a magnetic coupling and a driving gear. The ends of the ladder cords are secured to the roller mounted on the rotary shaft and the rotary shaft is coupled by the magnetic coupling with the driving gear. The rotary shaft, coupling and driving gear are placed inside the upper cassette.
The magnetic coupling constitutes two mating members; at least one magnet generating a magnetic field is mounted in these members. One coupling member is secured to the rotary shaft while the other one is secured to the driving gear put into turning motion by the user. This motion is transmitted by the magnetic coupling to the rotary shaft and turning of the shaft makes the ends of the ladder cords coil on the roller and tilt the slats from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface, which corresponds to the maximum illumination of the interior, to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, which corresponds to the darkening of the interior. When the slats turn by nearly 90°, the ladder cords with slats mounted in them are pulled up so that the top slat leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette surface. Than the rotary shaft and the coupling member secured to the shaft is immobilized while the driving gear, still put in motion by the user, turns the other member of the magnetic coupling, secured to the driving gear. The force of interaction of the coupling members is so adjusted that the driving gear put in rotary motion should not cause damage to the blind after the rotary shaft has been immobilised.
The blind according to the invention is shown in exemplary embodiments in the drawings where fig. 1 shows a roof window with a blind operated by a rod with a crank, fig. 2 shows a fragment of a window sash with partially uncovered upper cassette - in the first embodiment, and fig. 3 shows driving system members of this blind, whereas fig. 4 shows a fragment of a window sash with partially uncovered upper cassette - in the second embodiment, and fig. 5 shows driving system members of this blind. Example 1
The blind has a set of horizontal slats 1 mounted in ladder cords 2. The ends of the ladder cords 2 are secured to the roller 3 mounted on the rotary shaft 4. The rotary shaft 4 is mounted in the body 5. Also the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling is mounted on the shaft 4 and the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling is secured to the worm wheel 8 of the worm gear mounted in the housing 9. The worm 10 of the gear is equipped with a knob 11 containing a hexagonal socket 12. The discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling have four recesses 13 of circular cross- section while the axis of the recesses is parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 4. Cylindrical magnets 14 are mounted inside the recesses 13. The shaft 4 with a roller 3, the magnetic coupling and the worm gear are located in the cassette 15 while the knob 11 protrudes beyond the cassette. The knob 11 is turned by the user manually, directly or remotely with the rod 16.
When blind slats 1 are set perpendicular to the glass pane surface, the blind enables maximum illumination of the interior. To reduce illumination of the interior one should turn the knob 11 mating the worm gear transmitting turns of the knob 11 by means of magnetic coupling to the rotary shaft 4. During turning of the shaft 4 the ladder cords 2 coil on the roller 3 and turn the slats 1 from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, gradually reducing the light access to the interior. When the slats 1 turn by nearly 90°, the ladder cords 2 lift slats 1 up so that the top slat 1 leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette 15 ensuring maximum darkening of the room and immobilize the shaft 4 with the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling. Further turning of the knob 11 in the same direction makes the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling, put in rotary motion by the worm gear, rotate in relation to the immobilized disc 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
Turning of the knob 11 in the opposite direction causes gradual uncoiling of the ladder cords 2 from the rollers 3 and increase in illumination of the room until maximum illumination is obtained. Next the ladder cords 2 start coiling on the rollers 3 in the opposite direction, limiting the light access to the interior until the room is darkened to the maximum when the top slat 1 leans with its other longitudinal edge against the upper cassette 15. Then the shaft 4 together with the disc 6 of the coupling is immobilized. Further turning of the knob 11 in the same direction causes that the disc 7 of the magnetic coupling, connected by the worm gear to the knob 11 turns in relation to the immobilized disc 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
The interaction force of the discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling may be adjusted by applying of less magnets 14.
Example Il
The blind has a set of horizontal slats 1 mounted in the ladder cords 2. The ends of the ladder cords 2 are secured to the roller 3 mounted on the rotary shaft 4. The rotary shaft 4 is mounted in the body 5. The member 6 of the magnetic coupling is also mounted on the shaft 4, whereas the member 7 of the magnetic coupling is secured to the flexible shaft 17 mounted in the housing 9. The flexible shaft 17 mates the rod 16.
One member of the magnetic coupling constitutes the disc 6 coaxial with the rotary shaft 4, while four recesses 13 of square cross-section are made on its circumference. Cubicoidal magnets 14 with properly adjusted magnetic properties are mounted in the recesses 13. The other member of the magnetic coupling constitutes the cylinder 7 the internal diameter of which is a bit larger than the diameter of the disc 6. Four through recesses 13 of square cross-section are made in the side surface of the cylindrical member 7. Cubicoidal magnets 14 are mounted in the recesses. The pulley 6 is put into the cylindrical member 7 of the magnetic coupling. The rotary shaft 4 with the roller 3, the magnetic coupling and the flexible shaft 17 are located in the cassette 15. The ending of the flexible shaft 17 protrudes from the cassette and the rod 16 mates the flexible shaft.
When the blind slats 1 are set perpendicular to the glass pane surface, the blind enables maximum illumination of the interior. To reduce the illumination of the interior, the driving gear of the blind should be put in motion by turning of the rod 16. Turn of the shaft 16 is transmitted by the flexible shaft 17 to the magnetic coupling, which puts the rotary shaft in motion. During turning of the shaft 4 the ladder cords 2 coil on the roller 3 turning the slats 1 from the position perpendicular to the glass pane surface to the position parallel to the glass pane surface, gradually reducing illumination of the interior. When the slats 1 turn by nearly 90°, the ladder cords 2 lift slats 1 up so that the top slat 1 leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette 15, causing maximum darkening of the room and immobilize the shaft 4 along with the disc 6 of the magnetic coupling. Further turning of the knob 16 in the same direction makes the cylindrical member 7 of the magnetic coupling put in rotary motion by the flexible shaft 17 and the rod 16 rotate in relation to the immobilized pulley 6 overcoming the magnetic field force between the magnets 14.
Turning of the rod 16 in the opposite direction causes gradual uncoiling of the ladder cords 2 from the rollers 3 and increase in illumination of the room until maximum illumination is obtained. Next the ladder cords 2 start coiling on the rollers 3 in the opposite direction, limiting the light access to the interior until the room is darkened to the maximum when the top slat 1 leans with its other longitudinal edge against the upper cassette 15 and the shaft 4 with the pulley 6 of the coupling is immobilized. Further turn of the rod 16 in the same direction makes the cylindrical member 7 of the magnetic couple rotate in relation to the immobilized pulley 6.
The interaction force of the discs 6 and 7 of the magnetic coupling may be adjusted by applying of less magnets 14.

Claims

Patent claims
1. Slat blind equipped with a driving system for tilting a plurality of slats from the position enabling maximum daylight to the position of maximum darkening of the interior characterized in that the driving system is equipped with a magnetic coupling having at least one magnet /14/.
2. Slat blind as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the driving system contains a rotary shaft IAI with a roller /3/ the ends of ladder cords 121 are secured to and when the shaft Al turns the cords 121 coiling on the shaft /4/ tilt the slats /1/ and then lift them up.
3. Slat blind as claimed in claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the members of the driving system are located inside the cassette /15/ and the turn of the shaft IAI is restricted by the top slat /1/ when it leans with its longitudinal edge against the cassette /15/.
4. Slat blind as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the driving system has a worm gear secured to one member of the magnetic coupling.
5. Slat blind as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the driving system has a flexible shaft /17/ secured to one member of the magnetic coupling.
EP08753863A 2007-05-09 2008-05-09 Slat blind Withdrawn EP2167775A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL382383A PL223660B1 (en) 2007-05-09 2007-05-09 Strip shutter
PCT/PL2008/050008 WO2008140340A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-05-09 Slat blind

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2167775A1 true EP2167775A1 (en) 2010-03-31

Family

ID=39734883

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08753863A Withdrawn EP2167775A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-05-09 Slat blind

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2167775A1 (en)
PL (1) PL223660B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008140340A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RO126219B1 (en) * 2009-10-12 2013-04-30 Nil Veli Thermally insulated glass with incorporated micro blinds

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0633672A (en) * 1992-07-15 1994-02-08 Sharp Corp Clutch mechanism of elevating unit for motor blind
ES2203841T3 (en) * 1997-03-03 2004-04-16 Finvetro S.P.A. DRIVE UNIT SPECIALLY FOR VENETIAN OR SIMILAR PERSONS.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008140340A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008140340A1 (en) 2008-11-20
PL223660B1 (en) 2016-10-31
PL382383A1 (en) 2008-11-10

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