EP2162601A1 - Internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head, and motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine of said type - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head, and motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine of said type

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Publication number
EP2162601A1
EP2162601A1 EP08759163A EP08759163A EP2162601A1 EP 2162601 A1 EP2162601 A1 EP 2162601A1 EP 08759163 A EP08759163 A EP 08759163A EP 08759163 A EP08759163 A EP 08759163A EP 2162601 A1 EP2162601 A1 EP 2162601A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
crankshaft
valves
cylinder head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08759163A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2162601B1 (en
Inventor
Georg Emmersberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP2162601A1 publication Critical patent/EP2162601A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2162601B1 publication Critical patent/EP2162601B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F01L2003/256—Valve configurations in relation to engine configured other than perpendicular to camshaft axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft and at least one at least approximately in Kurbelwellenachsinspired from an inlet to an exhaust port through-flow cylinder head with valves for opening and closing the channels.
  • Such an internal combustion engine is known for example from DE 38 41 710 A1, according to which a single camshaft with an inlet cam and an exhaust cam is provided for actuating the valves.
  • the valves are actuated by means of rocker arm shafts lying parallel to the valve levels, in each case one cam activating two (inlet or outlet) valves simultaneously via a rocker arm shaft.
  • the cam engages one end of the rocker arm shaft
  • the levers for actuating the valves are arranged along the rocker arm shaft in Kipphebelwellenachsraum spaced from the cam follower lever.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an aforementioned engine, in which a valve control for controlling a plurality of arranged in a cylinder head valves occupies only a small installation space and which at the same time offers a particularly direct and rigid transmission path, so high especially at high valve accelerations Speeds are achievable.
  • a motor vehicle is to be provided with such an internal combustion engine.
  • valves are actuated directly by means of drag lever, a direct actuation of the valves by means of bucket tappets is also preferred.
  • inlet and outlet valves (e) are inclined outwards with respect to a center plane dividing the cylinder in the direction of flow, with their ends on the cam side.
  • the cylinder head can then be designed as a radial head, so that in particular space advantages can be achieved, for example, so space can be obtained to accommodate an ignition coil.
  • the first and second camshaft and the bucket tappets are arranged in a structurally separate carrier, so that the valve train is structurally separate from the valves.
  • the first and the second camshaft and the drag levers are arranged with cam follower shaft (s) in a structurally separate carrier.
  • Figure 1 is a crankshaft axis of an inlet to a
  • FIG. 2 shows the same cylinder head in plan view
  • Figure 4 the same cylinder head with valve control carrier.
  • FIGS. 1-4 a cylinder head 100, 200, 300 through which an intake passage 102, 202, 302, 402 can flow in the crankshaft axis direction to an exhaust passage 112, 212, 312, 412 is equipped with two crankshaft-parallel camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427, in FIG. 4 with valve control carrier 400.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are isometric views.
  • the cylinder head 100, 200, 300 is part of a not shown here two-cylinder internal combustion engine in boxer design, which is preferably used to drive a motorcycle.
  • the internal combustion engine is arranged in the vehicle aligned with its crankshaft in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
  • Each cylinder head 100, 200, 300 is at least approximately in the crankshaft axis direction of a directed to the vehicle rear inlet 102, 202, 302, 402 to a vehicle front-facing outlet channel 112, 212, 312, 412 flowed through.
  • inlet 102, 202, 302, 402 and outlet channel 112, 212, 312, 412 are each represented by the volume enveloped by the channel wall.
  • Actuation thereof is effected by means of camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 driven by the crankshaft.
  • the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 each have one Drive wheel 128, 328, 329, which is driven by means of a traction means, starting from the crankshaft.
  • only one camshaft 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be driven from the crankshaft and the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be in driving connection with each other.
  • the drive of one of the two camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be switchable, so that the corresponding valves 104, 114, 204, 205,
  • the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 are each provided with two cams 110, 120, 210, 220, 310, 320 and 211, 221, 311, 321, so that in each case with a camshaft 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 an inlet 104, 204, 205, 304, 305, 404, 405 and an outlet valve 114, 214,
  • a force / motion transmission from the cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 to the valves 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 takes place over a short path directly via rocker arms 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 which pivotable on rocker arm shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322nd , 324, 422, 424 are stored.
  • cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 and valves 104, 114 , 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415, bucket tappets, optionally with a valve lash adjuster, may be provided.
  • the inlet and outlet valves 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 are outwardly inclined with respect to a central plane dividing the cylinder in the flow direction, with their camming ends pointing outwards the cylinder head 100, 200, 300 as Radial cylinder head can be shown.
  • the drag levers 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 with their cam follower shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424 are inclined (FIGS ) and the cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 have inclined cam surfaces.
  • valve timing drive comprising the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 and the cam followers 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318 with their cam follower shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225 , 322, 324, 422, 424 is arranged in a structurally separate valve control carrier 400.
  • the valve control carrier 400 is divided into two parts along a parting plane 441 and comprises a lower part 440 and an upper part 442.
  • the parting plane 441 runs in the camshaft plane at least approximately in the region of the camshaft axes, so that during assembly the camshafts can be inserted into the lower part 440 and subsequently the Upper part 442 can be mounted.
  • Upper and lower parts 442, 440 are repeatedly screwed together by means of screws 448, 449 with each other and / or with the cylinder head, wherein in the present case, the screws 448, 449 are arranged in pairs opposite one another along the camshaft.
  • the upper part 442 is executed hood-like closed in the area of the camshafts 426, 427, while the area between the camshafts 426, 427 is open at the top.
  • the lower part 440 includes laterally cylindrical receptacles 444, 446.
  • the cam follower shafts 422, 424 are inserted and secured there by means of axial securing rings 423, 425.
  • the valve control carrier 400 is manufactured in aluminum die-cast and post-machined. Cylinder head and timing gear can therefore be edited and assembled separately and then joined together, which offers considerable manufacturing and assembly or maintenance benefits. With the internal combustion engine according to the invention high speeds can be achieved at the same time high valve acceleration and it can be manufactured inexpensively, in particular due to the small number of components.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft and comprising at least one cylinder head (300) which can be traversed by flow at least approximately in the crankshaft axial direction from an inlet to an outlet duct and which has valves (304, 305, 314, 315) for opening and closing the ducts (302), wherein two camshafts (326, 327) are provided for actuating the valves (304, 305, 314, 315) and each of the camshafts (326, 327) is assigned in each case to one inlet valve (304, 305) and one outlet valve (314, 315) and is aligned at least approximately parallel to the crankshaft; the invention also relates to a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine of said type.

Description

Beschreibung description
Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Kurbelwelle und wenigstens einem Zylinderkopf sowie Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derartigen BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine with a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head and motor vehicle with such an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine umfassend eine Kurbelwelle sowie wenigstens einen zumindest annähernd in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem Einlass- zu einem Auslasskanal hin durchströmbaren Zylinderkopf mit Ventilen zum Öffnen und Schließen der Kanäle.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft and at least one at least approximately in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung from an inlet to an exhaust port through-flow cylinder head with valves for opening and closing the channels.
Eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine ist beispielsweise aus der DE 38 41 710 A1 bekannt, der zufolge zur Betätigung der Ventile eine einzige Nockenwelle mit einem Einlassnocken und einem Auslassnocken vorgesehen ist. Ausgehend von den Nocken erfolgt eine Betätigung der Ventile mittels parallel zu den Ventilebenen liegenden Kipphebelwellen, indem jeweils ein Nocken über eine Kipphebelwelle zwei (Einlass- bzw. Auslass-) Ventile zugleich betätigt. Dabei greift der Nocken an einem Ende der Kipphebelwelle an, die Hebel zur Betätigung der Ventile sind entlang der Kipphebelwelle in Kipphebelwellenachsrichtung vom Nockenangriffshebel beabstandet angeordnet. Mit dieser Konstruktion wird zwar ein relativ kleiner Einbauraum für eine Ventilsteuerung zur Steuerung mehrerer in einem Zylinderkopf angeordneter gleichartiger Ventile ermöglicht, jedoch ist insbesondere bei hohen Ventilbeschleunigungen nur eine begrenzte Drehzahl erreichbar.Such an internal combustion engine is known for example from DE 38 41 710 A1, according to which a single camshaft with an inlet cam and an exhaust cam is provided for actuating the valves. Starting from the cams, the valves are actuated by means of rocker arm shafts lying parallel to the valve levels, in each case one cam activating two (inlet or outlet) valves simultaneously via a rocker arm shaft. In this case, the cam engages one end of the rocker arm shaft, the levers for actuating the valves are arranged along the rocker arm shaft in Kipphebelwellenachsrichtung spaced from the cam follower lever. Although this construction is a relatively small installation space for a valve control for controlling several in a cylinder head arranged similar valves allows, however, only a limited speed can be achieved especially at high valve accelerations.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine eingangs genannte Brennkraftmaschine bereit zu stellen, bei welcher eine Ventilsteuerung zur Steuerung mehrerer in einem Zylinderkopf angeordneter Ventile einen nur geringen Einbauraum beansprucht und welche zugleich einen besonders direkten und steifen Übertragungsweg bietet, sodass insbesondere bei hohen Ventilbeschleunigungen hohe Drehzahlen erreichbar sind. Außerdem soll ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine bereitgestellt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an aforementioned engine, in which a valve control for controlling a plurality of arranged in a cylinder head valves occupies only a small installation space and which at the same time offers a particularly direct and rigid transmission path, so high especially at high valve accelerations Speeds are achievable. In addition, a motor vehicle is to be provided with such an internal combustion engine.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt mit einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 , wobei erfindungsgemäß eine erste und eine zweite Nockenwelle zur Betätigung der Ventile vorgesehen sind uns sowohl die erste als auch die zweite Nockenwelle jeweils einem Einlass- und einem Auslassventil zugeordnet und zumindest annähernd parallel zur Kurbelwelle angeordnet sind. Außerdem wird die Aufgabe mit einem Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7 gelöst, das eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine umfasst. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht eine besonders kompakte und raumsparende Ausführung, es sind nur wenige Bauteile erforderlich, sodass die Kosten bei Herstellung, Montage und Wartung verringert sind und es ist ein direkter und steifer Übertragungsweg bei der Ventilbetätigung ermöglicht.The solution of this object is achieved with an internal combustion engine having the features of claim 1, wherein according to the invention a first and a second camshaft for actuating the valves are provided to us both the first and the second camshaft each associated with an inlet and an outlet valve and at least approximately parallel are arranged to the crankshaft. In addition, the object is achieved with a motor vehicle having the features of claim 7, which comprises such an internal combustion engine. This arrangement allows a particularly compact and space-saving design, only a few components are required, so that the costs of manufacture, installation and maintenance are reduced and it is possible a direct and rigid transmission in the valve actuation.
Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungen und Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Particularly preferred embodiments and developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Vorzugsweise sind die Ventile mittels Schlepphebel direkt betätigt, eine direkte Betätigung der Ventile mittels Tassenstößel wird ebenfalls bevorzugt. Sehr vorteilhaft ist es, wenn Einlass- und Auslassventil(e) gegenüber einer den Zylinder in Durchströmrichtung teilenden Mittelebene mit ihren nockenseitigen Enden nach außen geneigt sind. Der Zylinderkopf kann dann als Radialkopf ausgeführt werden, sodass insbesondere Bauraumvorteile erreicht werden, beispielsweise kann so Bauraum zur Unterbringung einer Zündspule gewonnen werden.Preferably, the valves are actuated directly by means of drag lever, a direct actuation of the valves by means of bucket tappets is also preferred. It is very advantageous if inlet and outlet valves (e) are inclined outwards with respect to a center plane dividing the cylinder in the direction of flow, with their ends on the cam side. The cylinder head can then be designed as a radial head, so that in particular space advantages can be achieved, for example, so space can be obtained to accommodate an ignition coil.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind die erste und die zweite Nockenwelle sowie die Tassenstößel in einem baulich gesonderten Träger angeordnet, sodass der Ventiltrieb von den Ventilen baulich gesondert ist. Dadurch ist nicht nur eine vereinfachte weil getrennte Fertigung des Zylinderkopfes und des Steuerungsträgers mit Ventiltrieb möglich sondern es ist auch die Montage vereinfacht, indem der Ventiltrieb gesondert vormontierbar ist. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die erste und die zweite Nockenwelle sowie die Schlepphebel mit Schlepphebelwelle(n) in einem baulich gesonderten Träger angeordnet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second camshaft and the bucket tappets are arranged in a structurally separate carrier, so that the valve train is structurally separate from the valves. This not only a simplified because separate production of the cylinder head and the control carrier with valve train is possible but it is also simplifies the assembly by the valve gear is separately preassembled. Conveniently, the first and the second camshaft and the drag levers are arranged with cam follower shaft (s) in a structurally separate carrier.
Nachfolgend wird unter Bezugnahme auf Figuren ein besonders zu bevorzugendes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert, dabei zeigen schematisch und beispielhaftHereinafter, with reference to figures, a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail, show schematically and by way of example
Figur 1 einen in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem Einlass- zu einemFigure 1 is a crankshaft axis of an inlet to a
Auslasskanal hin durchströmbaren Zylinderkopf mit zwei kurbelwellenparallelen Nockenwellen in Seitenansicht,Exhaust passage through cylinder head with two crankshaft parallel camshafts in side view,
Figur 2 denselben Zylinderkopf in Draufsicht,FIG. 2 shows the same cylinder head in plan view;
Figur 3 einen in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem Einlass- zu einem3 shows a crankshaft axis direction from an inlet to a
Auslasskanal hin durchströmbaren Zylinderkopf mit zwei kurbelwellenparallelen Nockenwellen in isometrischer Ansicht undOutlet channel through-flow cylinder head with two crankshaft parallel camshafts in isometric view and
Figur 4 denselben Zylinderkopf mit Ventilsteuerungsträger.Figure 4 the same cylinder head with valve control carrier.
In den Figuren 1-4 ist auszugsweise ein in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem Einlass- 102, 202, 302, 402 zu einem Auslasskanal 112, 212, 312, 412 hin durchströmbarer Zylinderkopf 100, 200, 300 mit zwei kurbelwellenparallelen Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 dargestellt, in Figur 4 mit Ventilsteuerungsträger 400. Dabei zeigt Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht, Figur 2 eine Draufsicht und die Figuren 3 und isometrischer Ansichten.In FIGS. 1-4, a cylinder head 100, 200, 300 through which an intake passage 102, 202, 302, 402 can flow in the crankshaft axis direction to an exhaust passage 112, 212, 312, 412 is equipped with two crankshaft-parallel camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427, in FIG. 4 with valve control carrier 400. FIG. 1 shows a side view, FIG. 2 shows a plan view and FIGS. 3 and 4 are isometric views.
Der Zylinderkopf 100, 200, 300 ist Teil einer hier nicht näher dargestellten Zweizylinder-Brennkraftmaschine in Boxerbauweise, welche vorzugsweise zum Antrieb eines Kraftrads verwendet wird. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist im Fahrzeug mit seiner Kurbelwelle in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung ausgerichtet angeordnet. Jeder Zylinderkopf 100, 200, 300 ist zumindest annähernd in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem zum Fahrzeugheck gerichteten Einlass- 102, 202, 302, 402 zu einem zur Fahrzeugfront gerichteten Auslasskanal 112, 212, 312, 412 hin durchströmbar. In den Figuren sind Einlass- 102, 202, 302, 402 und Auslasskanal 112, 212, 312, 412 jeweils durch das von der Kanalwand umhüllte Volumen dargestellt.The cylinder head 100, 200, 300 is part of a not shown here two-cylinder internal combustion engine in boxer design, which is preferably used to drive a motorcycle. The internal combustion engine is arranged in the vehicle aligned with its crankshaft in the vehicle longitudinal direction. Each cylinder head 100, 200, 300 is at least approximately in the crankshaft axis direction of a directed to the vehicle rear inlet 102, 202, 302, 402 to a vehicle front-facing outlet channel 112, 212, 312, 412 flowed through. In the figures, inlet 102, 202, 302, 402 and outlet channel 112, 212, 312, 412 are each represented by the volume enveloped by the channel wall.
Zum Öffnen und Schließen der Kanäle 102, 202, 302, 402, 112, 212, 312, 412 sind einlass- und auslassseitig jeweils zwei in Schließrichtung mittels Ventilfedern 106, 116, 306, 307, 316, 317 federkraftbeaufschlagte Ventile 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 vorgesehen. Eine Betätigung derselben erfolgt mittels von der Kurbelwelle angetriebenen Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427. Hierzu weisen die Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 jeweils ein Antriebsrad 128, 328, 329 auf, das mittels eines Zugmittels ausgehend von der Kurbelwelle antreibbar ist. Alternativ kann auch nur eine Nockenwelle 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 ausgehend von der Kurbelwelle angetrieben sein und die die Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 können miteinander in Antriebsverbindung stehen. Gegebenenfalls kann der Antrieb einer der beiden Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 schaltbar sein, sodass die entsprechenden Ventile 104, 114, 204, 205,For opening and closing of the channels 102, 202, 302, 402, 112, 212, 312, 412 are on the inlet and outlet side two in the closing direction by means of valve springs 106, 116, 306, 307, 316, 317 spring-loaded valves 104, 114, 204th , 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415. Actuation thereof is effected by means of camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 driven by the crankshaft. For this purpose, the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 each have one Drive wheel 128, 328, 329, which is driven by means of a traction means, starting from the crankshaft. Alternatively, only one camshaft 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be driven from the crankshaft and the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be in driving connection with each other. Optionally, the drive of one of the two camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 may be switchable, so that the corresponding valves 104, 114, 204, 205,
214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 auch bei laufender Brennkraftmaschine unbetätigt bleiben.214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 remain unactuated even when the internal combustion engine is running.
Die Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 sind mit jeweils zwei Nocken 110, 120, 210, 220, 310, 320 und 211 , 221 , 311, 321 versehen, sodass jeweils mit einer Nockenwelle 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 ein Einlass- 104, 204, 205, 304, 305, 404, 405 und ein Auslassventil 114, 214,The camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 are each provided with two cams 110, 120, 210, 220, 310, 320 and 211, 221, 311, 321, so that in each case with a camshaft 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 an inlet 104, 204, 205, 304, 305, 404, 405 and an outlet valve 114, 214,
215, 314, 315, 414, 415 betätigbar ist.215, 314, 315, 414, 415 is operable.
Eine Kraft-/Bewegungsübertragung von den Nocken 110, 120, 210, 211 , 220, 221 , 310, 311 , 320, 321 zu den Ventilen 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 erfolgt auf kurzem Weg direkt über Schlepphebel 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 welche verschwenkbar auf Schlepphebelwellen 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424 gelagert sind. Alternativ können anstelle der Schlepphebel 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 zwischen Nocken 110, 120, 210, 211 , 220, 221 , 310, 311, 320, 321 und Ventilen 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 auch Tassenstößel, gegebenenfalls mit einer Ventilspielsausgleichseinrichtung, vorgesehen sein.A force / motion transmission from the cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 to the valves 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 takes place over a short path directly via rocker arms 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 which pivotable on rocker arm shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322nd , 324, 422, 424 are stored. Alternatively, instead of the drag levers 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 between cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 and valves 104, 114 , 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415, bucket tappets, optionally with a valve lash adjuster, may be provided.
Die Einlass- und Auslassventile 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 sind gegenüber einer den Zylinder in Durchströmrichtung teilenden Mittelebene mit ihren nockenseitigen Enden nach außen geneigt, sodass der Zylinderkopf 100, 200, 300 als Radialzylinderkopf dargestellt werden kann. Entsprechend sind die Schlepphebel 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 mit ihren Schlepphebelwellen 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424 schräg gestellt (Figur 1) und die Nocken 110, 120, 210, 211 , 220, 221 , 310, 311 , 320, 321 weisen schräge Nockenlaufflächen auf.The inlet and outlet valves 104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 are outwardly inclined with respect to a central plane dividing the cylinder in the flow direction, with their camming ends pointing outwards the cylinder head 100, 200, 300 as Radial cylinder head can be shown. Accordingly, the drag levers 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418 with their cam follower shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424 are inclined (FIGS ) and the cams 110, 120, 210, 211, 220, 221, 310, 311, 320, 321 have inclined cam surfaces.
Der Ventilsteuertrieb umfassend die Nockenwellen 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 sowie die Schlepphebel 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318 mit ihren Schlepphebelwellen 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424 ist in einem baulich gesonderten Ventilsteuerungsträger 400 angeordnet. Der Ventilsteuerungsträger 400 ist entlang einer Trennebene 441 zweiteilig getrennt und umfasst ein Unterteil 440 sowie ein Oberteil 442. Die Trennebene 441 verläuft in der Nockenwellenebene zumindest annähernd im Bereich der Nockenwellenachsen, sodass bei der Montage die Nockenwellen in das Unterteil 440 eingelegt werden können und nachfolgend das Oberteil 442 montiert werden kann. Ober- und Unterteil 442, 440 sind mehrfach mittels Schrauben 448, 449 miteinander und/oder mit dem Zylinderkopf verschraubt, wobei vorliegend die Schrauben 448, 449 jeweils paarweise gegenüberliegend entlang der Nockenwellen angeordnet sind. Das Oberteil 442 ist im Bereich der Nockenwellen 426, 427 haubenartig geschlossen ausgeführt, während der Bereich zwischen den Nockenwellen 426, 427 nach oben offen ist. Im Bereich der einlassseitigen Nocken sind bügelartige Verbindungen zum nockenwellenantriebsseitigen Bereich des Oberteils 442 vorgesehen. Das Unterteil 440 umfasst seitlich zylinderförmige Aufnahmen 444, 446. In diese sind die Schlepphebelwellen 422, 424 eingeschoben und dort mittels Axialsicherungsringen 423, 425 gesichert. Der Ventilsteuerungsträger 400 ist im Aluminiumdruckguss gefertigt und spanend nachbearbeitet. Zylinderkopf und Steuertrieb können daher zunächst gesondert bearbeitet und montiert und dann zusammengefügt werden, was erhebliche Fertigungs- und Montage bzw. Wartungsvorteile bietet. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine können hohe Drehzahlen bei gleichzeitig hoher Ventilbeschleunigung erreicht werden und sie kann insbesondere aufgrund der geringen Bauteilanzahl kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Durchströmung des Zylinderkopfes 100, 200, 300 in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung vom Fahrzeugheck zur Fahrzeugfront hin wird die Auslassseite fahrtwindbedingt angeströmt, sodass eine Luftkühlung der Brennkraftmaschine möglich ist. Diese Anordnung bietet zudem Vorteile hinsichtlich des Designs, da die Auslasskrümmer nach vorne gerichtet und Einspritzung oder Vergaser zum Fahrzeugheck hin gerichtet angeordnet werden können. Die kleine Projektionsfläche in Fahrtrichtung bedingt einen sehr guten Strömungswiderstandswert. Ein Fahrzeug mit einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine in Boxerbauweise erlaubt eine besonders ergonomische Fahrerhaltung. The valve timing drive comprising the camshafts 126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427 and the cam followers 108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318 with their cam follower shafts 122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225 , 322, 324, 422, 424 is arranged in a structurally separate valve control carrier 400. The valve control carrier 400 is divided into two parts along a parting plane 441 and comprises a lower part 440 and an upper part 442. The parting plane 441 runs in the camshaft plane at least approximately in the region of the camshaft axes, so that during assembly the camshafts can be inserted into the lower part 440 and subsequently the Upper part 442 can be mounted. Upper and lower parts 442, 440 are repeatedly screwed together by means of screws 448, 449 with each other and / or with the cylinder head, wherein in the present case, the screws 448, 449 are arranged in pairs opposite one another along the camshaft. The upper part 442 is executed hood-like closed in the area of the camshafts 426, 427, while the area between the camshafts 426, 427 is open at the top. In the region of the inlet-side cams, bow-shaped connections to the camshaft drive-side region of the upper part 442 are provided. The lower part 440 includes laterally cylindrical receptacles 444, 446. In this, the cam follower shafts 422, 424 are inserted and secured there by means of axial securing rings 423, 425. The valve control carrier 400 is manufactured in aluminum die-cast and post-machined. Cylinder head and timing gear can therefore be edited and assembled separately and then joined together, which offers considerable manufacturing and assembly or maintenance benefits. With the internal combustion engine according to the invention high speeds can be achieved at the same time high valve acceleration and it can be manufactured inexpensively, in particular due to the small number of components. Due to the present flow through the cylinder head 100, 200, 300 in the vehicle longitudinal direction from the rear of the vehicle to the front of the vehicle, the exhaust side is streamed due to wind, so that an air cooling of the internal combustion engine is possible. This arrangement also offers design benefits because the exhaust manifolds can be directed forward and injection or carburetor directed toward the rear of the vehicle. The small projection surface in the direction of travel requires a very good flow resistance value. A vehicle with such an internal combustion engine in boxer design allows a particularly ergonomic driver's position.

Claims

PatentansprücheBrennkraftmaschine mit einer Kurbelwelle und wenigstens einem Zylinderkopf sowie Kraftfahrzeug mit einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine Internal combustion engine with a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head and motor vehicle with such an internal combustion engine
1. Brennkraftmaschine umfassend eine Kurbelwelle sowie wenigstens einen zumindest annähernd in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung von einem Einlass- (102, 202, 302, 402) zu einem Auslasskanal (112, 212, 312, 412) hin durchströmbaren Zylinderkopf (100, 200, 300) mit Ventilen (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315) zum Öffnen und Schließen der Kanäle (102, 202, 302, 402, 112, 212, 312, 412), gekennzeichnet durch eine erste und eine zweite Nockenwelle (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) zur Betätigung der Ventile (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415), wobei sowohl die erste als auch die zweite Nockenwelle (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) jeweils einem Einlass- (104, 204, 205, 304, 305, 404, 405) und einem Auslassventil (114, 214, 215, 314, 315, 414, 415) zugeordnet und zumindest annähernd parallel zur Kurbelwelle angeordnet sind.1. Internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft and at least one at least approximately in Kurbelwellenachsrichtung from an inlet (102, 202, 302, 402) to an exhaust passage (112, 212, 312, 412) through-flow cylinder head (100, 200, 300) with valves (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315) for opening and closing the channels (102, 202, 302, 402, 112, 212, 312, 412), characterized by a first and a second camshaft (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) for actuating the valves (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415 ), wherein each of the first and second camshafts (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) are each provided with intake (104, 204, 205, 304, 305, 404, 405) and exhaust valves (114, 204) , 214, 215, 314, 315, 414, 415) and arranged at least approximately parallel to the crankshaft.
2. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch eine direkte Betätigung der Ventile (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) mittels Schiepphebel (108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318).2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized by a direct actuation of the valves (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) by means of a sliding lever (108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318).
3. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch eine direkte Betätigung der Ventile (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) mittels Tassenstößel.3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized by a direct actuation of the valves (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) by means of bucket tappets.
4. Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Einlass- und Auslassventil(e) (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) gegenüber einer den Zylinder in Durchströmrichtung teilenden Mittelebene mit ihren nockenseitigen Enden nach außen geneigt sind.4. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that inlet and outlet valve (s) (104, 114, 204, 205, 214, 215, 304, 305, 314, 315, 404, 405, 414, 415) opposite a center plane dividing the cylinder in the direction of flow is inclined with its cam-side ends to the outside.
5. Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Nockenwelle (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) sowie die Tassenstößel in einem baulich gesonderten Träger (400) angeordnet sind.5. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second camshaft (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) and the bucket tappets are arranged in a structurally separate carrier (400).
6. Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Nockenwelle (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) sowie die Schlepphebel (108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418) mit Schlepphebelwelle(n) (122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424) in einem baulich gesonderten Träger (400) angeordnet sind.6. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second camshaft (126, 226, 227, 326, 327, 426, 427) and the drag levers (108, 118, 208, 209, 218, 219, 308, 318, 408, 418) with cam follower shaft (s) (122, 124, 222, 223, 224, 225, 322, 324, 422, 424) are arranged in a structurally separate carrier (400).
7. Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Kraftrad, umfassend eine Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 7. Motor vehicle, in particular motorcycle, comprising an internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims.
EP08759163.2A 2007-07-11 2008-06-11 Internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head, and motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine of said type Active EP2162601B1 (en)

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DE102007032638A DE102007032638A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2007-07-11 Internal combustion engine with a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head and motor vehicle with such an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2008/004646 WO2009006973A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2008-06-11 Internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and at least one cylinder head, and motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine of said type

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US20100050968A1 (en) 2010-03-04
DE102007032638A1 (en) 2009-01-15
EP2162601B1 (en) 2015-12-02
WO2009006973A1 (en) 2009-01-15
ES2556730T3 (en) 2016-01-19
JP5484322B2 (en) 2014-05-07
JP2010532839A (en) 2010-10-14
US8307798B2 (en) 2012-11-13

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