EP2152843A2 - Mixture comprising an alkyl polyglucoside, a cosurfactant and a polymer additive - Google Patents
Mixture comprising an alkyl polyglucoside, a cosurfactant and a polymer additiveInfo
- Publication number
- EP2152843A2 EP2152843A2 EP08759391A EP08759391A EP2152843A2 EP 2152843 A2 EP2152843 A2 EP 2152843A2 EP 08759391 A EP08759391 A EP 08759391A EP 08759391 A EP08759391 A EP 08759391A EP 2152843 A2 EP2152843 A2 EP 2152843A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- water
- emulsion according
- soluble
- printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 101000623895 Bos taurus Mucin-15 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920000359 diblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004395 glucoside group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 36
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 sorbitan ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YSRSBDQINUMTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)CO YSRSBDQINUMTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZITKDVFRMRXIJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CO ZITKDVFRMRXIJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- JKXYOQDLERSFPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-octadecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JKXYOQDLERSFPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VATRWWPJWVCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxo-n-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]butanamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F VATRWWPJWVCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octadecoxyoctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HBXWUCXDUUJDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001340526 Chrysoclista linneella Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013056 hazardous product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007644 letterpress printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000141 poly(maleic anhydride) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037307 sensitive skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011182 sodium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079842 sodium cumenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
- C11D17/0021—Aqueous microemulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/10—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/06—Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/60—Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K8/604—Alkylpolyglycosides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
- B41N3/06—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces by use of detergents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/005—Preparations for sensitive skin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
- B41N3/006—Cleaning, washing, rinsing or reclaiming of printing formes other than intaglio formes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
- C11D2111/16—Metals
Definitions
- Additive includes.
- the invention relates to a mixture comprising two components I and II, an emulsion which are prepared from the mixture and may also be present as a microemulsion, in particular a bicontinuous microemulsion, and a cleaner, a cosmetic article and a foodstuff which comprise the emulsion and a use of the cleaner.
- Surfactants are detergent substances (detergents) that are contained in detergents, dishwashing detergents, and shampoos. They have a characteristic structure and have at least one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic structural unit. They have an amphiphilic character. If the stabilizing character of water-oil mixtures is in the foreground, these amphiphilic substances are used as emulsifiers. Surfactants lower the interfacial tension between immiscible phases, a hydrophilic (water-soluble, lipophobic), mostly aqueous phase, and a hydrophobic (oil-soluble, lipophilic) phase. Such liquid two-phase mixtures are referred to as emulsions. Conventional emulsions may contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases in different volumes.
- microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, emulsions disintegrate due to their instability. At the microscopic level, this difference is reflected in the fact that the emulsified liquids in microemulsions are enclosed in smaller volumes of liquid (eg 10 "15 ⁇ l_) as described in emulsions (eg 10 "12 ⁇ l_) as described in DE 10 2005 049 765 A. Thermodynamically unstable emulsions thus have larger structures.
- Lamellar mesophases can occur in microemulsions. Lamellar mesophases lead to optical anisotropy and increased viscosity. These properties are for. B. undesirable for cleaners. In addition, phase separation often occurs when lamellar phases coexist with microemulsions.
- Microemulsions consist of at least three components, namely oil, water and a surfactant [1-7]. Oil and water are immiscible and therefore form domains on the nanoscale. The surfactant mediates between these two components and allows a macroscopic-homogeneous mixture. On a microscopic scale, the surfactant forms a film between the oil and water domains. Microemulsions are macroscopically homogeneous, behave optically isotropically and are thermodynamically stable in contrast to emulsions. There are W / O and O / W droplet microemulsions in which water droplets from the oil or oil droplets are enclosed by the water. Approximately equal proportions of oil to water promote the formation of a bicontinuous microemulsion.
- Characteristic of the efficiency of a surfactant is the minimum amount of surfactant required to stabilize emulsions over the desired period or to obtain a microemulsion.
- Microemulsions have been extensively studied in the field of basic science [8, 9]. The knowledge gained is largely based on the use of pure, defined components: deionized water, chemically pure oils and pure surfactants. In technical microemulsions, the components usually consist of mixtures. As a result, the phase ratio changes considerably and the findings from basic research gained in simplified models can not be without further be transferred to technical applications. Another difficulty lies in the low temperature stability of microemulsions, since in practical formulations stability must be present over a wide temperature range. Particularly systems based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates frequently used are stable only in a very narrow temperature window of a few 0 C and extremely high levels of surfactant must be used.
- microemulsions made with the aid of sugar surfactants can be stable over larger temperature ranges.
- mixtures of nonionic and ionic surfactants can be used.
- sugar surfactants and nonionic surfactant mixtures also have disadvantages.
- Microemulsions of sugar surfactants can only be produced with the help of cosurfactants.
- monohydric alcohols such as hexanol or octanol are used.
- Microemulsions containing ionic surfactants are sensitive to changes in salt concentration.
- Hazardous material potential They are particularly irritating to the skin and eyes.
- alkyl polyglucosides which are produced from renewable raw materials and have only a moderate hazardous substance potential and are also relatively skin-friendly.
- Sorbitan esters which have a very low hazard potential and are also largely produced from renewable raw materials, have been little explored in terms of their use in microemulsions so far.
- DE-A-198 39 054 discloses a process for increasing the efficiency of surfactants with simultaneous suppression of lamellar mesophases, a process for stabilizing the temperature position of the single phase region for oil, water surfactant mixtures, a process for increasing the structure size of emulsified liquid particles in microemulsions and a A method for reducing the interfacial tension of oil-water mixtures to which AB block copolymers having a water-soluble block A and a water-insoluble block B are added.
- the polymers consist of a water-soluble block A and a hydrophobic block.
- the lower limits of the number average molecular weights for A and B are 500 g / mol. This method is suitable for the production of microemulsions.
- DE-A-103 23 180 describes mixtures containing a surfactant and a cosurfactant which are characterized in that the cosurfactant used is an amphiphilic comb polymer comprising a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone, the side chains being mutually interlinked and / or distinguish the side chains from the backbone in their amphiphilic character.
- the cosurfactant is suitable for increasing the efficiency in microemulsions.
- DE-A-4417476 discloses a microemulsion containing alkyl glycosides and fatty acid polyol partial esters.
- the microemulsion should be present in a wide range of existence; however, a temperature range in which the microemulsion is stable is not disclosed.
- DE-A-198 24 236 proposes a method for cleaning printing presses or printing plates, in which the contaminants are removed from the surfaces to be cleaned by washing with a microemulsion which Water, a surfactant and a water-immiscible organic solvent.
- US-A-5719113 discloses detergents comprising an antibacterial substance, a nonionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant. In contrast to the mixture according to the invention, no second alcohol group-containing surfactant is disclosed.
- a technical problem underlying the invention is to provide a mixture which has improved properties and can be processed to form an emulsion, in particular a microemulsion.
- the emulsion according to the invention in particular microemulsion, has the advantage that it is free or virtually free of volatile organic compounds (so-called volatile organic compounds, VOC).
- VOC volatile organic compounds
- ⁇ 2, no. 11 is a volatile organic compound which has a vapor pressure of 0.01 kPa or more at 293.15 Kelvin.
- VOCs include e.g. Compounds of the substance groups alkanes / alkenes, aromatics, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, aldehydes and ketones.
- the mixture according to the invention comprises a component I comprising 80-20% by weight of a first surface-active component Ii which is an alkyl polyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16 C atoms, 20-80 %
- a component I 2 containing a second surfactant containing alcohol groups excluding an alkyl polyglucoside wherein the parts by weight relate only to the component I, and polymeric additive as component II
- the polymeric additive comprises as component Hi at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, wherein the ratio of the number average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and the number average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units is 2: 1 to 1000: 1 or 3: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular 5: 1 to 200: 1 and in particular 10: 1 to 50: 1 and wherein each at least one hydrophobic unit is a number average Molecular weight of at most 1000 g / mol, or the polymeric
- the polymeric additive of the components Hi, H 2 or H 3 may also be present in combination in the mixture.
- This component II which is included as a polymeric additive in the mixture according to claim 1, seems to lead to an increase in the efficiency of the surfactants in component I.
- surfactant saving is also advantageous for environmental or health reasons.
- Surfactants are ecologically particularly relevant substances whose environmental compatibility must be ensured.
- Another advantage of surfactant savings occurs when surfactants interfere with the application of the microemulsion.
- cosmetics may be mentioned whose surfactant content should be as low as possible due to the skin-influencing effect possibly occurring in the case of sensitive skin or a potentially occurring eye-irritating effect of the surfactants. The same applies in particular to food. Consumer exposure to surfactants should be as low as possible. The present invention contributes to this.
- the emulsion according to the invention compared to the prior art resulted in less time spent cleaning.
- component I comprises 80 to 20% by weight of component II, which is an alkylpolyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16 C atoms. and further 20-80% by weight of component I 2 which is an alcohol-containing cosurfactant but not an alkylpolyglucoside.
- component II is an alkylpolyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16 C atoms.
- component I 2 which is an alcohol-containing cosurfactant but not an alkylpolyglucoside.
- the parts by weight relate only to the component I.
- the component I 2 is therefore not propylene glycol.
- component I 2 has an HLB value of 1-11 or of 3-11 or of 5-11 or of 1-5 or of 3-5.
- the HLB value describes the hydrophilic and lipophilic portion of a surfactant.
- the HLB value is calculated according to Griffin as follows [10]:
- surfactants of component I 2 which are skin-friendly are used in particular.
- examples are sorbitan esters.
- other surfactants emulsifiers which are permissible under food law can also be used.
- component II is more hydrophilic than component I 2 . This means that the HLB value of the component Ii is greater than that of the component I 2 .
- the mixture according to the invention can be produced such that component Ii has an HLB value of 11-19, in particular of 11-15 and component I 2 has an HLB value of 1-11, in particular 3-11 or 5- 11 or from 1-5 or 3-5.
- the component II according to the invention is according to claim 1, a polymeric additive comprising either a component Hi or H 2 or H 3 .
- Component Hi furthermore comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, the ratio of the number-average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and the number average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units being 2: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular 5: 1 to 200: 1 and especially 10: 1 to 50: 1 and wherein each at least one hydrophobic unit has a number average molecular weight of at most 1000 g / mol.
- the component H 2 likewise comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit. It is an amphiphilic comb polymer comprising a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone, the side chains differing from each other and / or the side chains from the backbone in their amphiphilic character.
- the component H 3 comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, being an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA or BAB triblock copolymer having water-soluble blocks A and hydrophobic blocks B.
- the mixture according to the invention comprises 80-99% by weight of component I, in particular 85-95% by weight, and 1-20% by weight of component II, in particular 5-15% by weight.
- An emulsion obtainable by diluting the aqueous solution-oily phase mixture of the present invention is also an object of this invention. This results in the formation of an emulsion between hydrophilic and hydrophobic phase, which is stabilized by the mixture according to the invention.
- this emulsion is characterized in that it is a microemulsion, which is in particular a bicontinuous microemulsion.
- Bicontinuous microemulsions comprise two phases, a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic phase, in the form of extended juxtaposed and intertwined domains, at the interface of which stabilizing surface-active surfactants are enriched in a monomolecular layer (see [H]).
- Microemulsions form very easily and spontaneously because of the very low interfacial tension when the individual components water, oil and a suitable surfactant system are mixed.
- microemulsions Since the domains in at least one dimension have only very small dimensions on the order of nanometers, microemulsions often appear visually transparent and are thermodynamically, ie indefinitely, stable depending on the surfactant system used in a specific temperature range. If microemulsions have low surfactant contents, they can also be cloudy.
- the microemulsion of the present invention may be a W / O or O / W droplet microemulsion wherein water droplets from the oil or oil droplets are surrounded by the water.
- the suitable mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase depends strongly on the field of application and can be optimized by the person skilled in the art in routine experiments. For example, in the field of crop protection, a ratio of 0.01 and in the area of household cleaners a ratio of 0.7 can provide satisfactory results.
- the mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase is 0.5 to 1.6. Such conditions are useful for industrial cleaners.
- the mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase of the microemulsion is 1.0 to 1.4.
- the emulsion comprises as the oily phase mineral oils, in particular aliphatic naphthenic hydrocarbons such as
- Petroleum gasoline These also include dearomatized petroleum blends with 11-14 carbon atoms, dearomatized benzene with 9-12 carbon atoms, special de-aromatized fractions with 9-10 carbon atoms and polar
- Solvents such.
- B derivatives of carbonic acid (eg., 4-Methyl-l, 3-dioxolan-2-one), derivatives of lactic acid, such as. Ethyl lactate, n-propyl lactate and 2-
- Ethylhexyllactat and of dicarboxylic acids, such as. B. Dimetylester or
- the oily phase of the emulsion may further comprise triglycerides and products
- the microemulsion according to the invention has no lamellar phase.
- the emulsion of the invention comprises 80-99 wt .-% of component I, in particular 85-95 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion.
- component I in turn comprises two components: component Ii and component I 2 of the mixture according to the invention.
- the emulsion comprises 1-20 wt .-% of component II, in particular 5-15 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion, which is a polymeric additive as in the inventive mixture.
- the amount of the mixture according to the invention based on the total amount of emulsion according to the invention, is 1-20%, in particular 3-15% and especially 3-10%.
- the emulsion comprises further surfactants.
- amphiphilic comb polymer (component H 2 ) is characterized in that the backbone of the comb polymer is hydrophobic and that all side chains of the comb polymer are hydrophilic.
- amphiphilic comb polymer is characterized by having repeating structural units [A] n , [A '] m and [X] 1 , wherein the structural units [A] n and [A'] m form the backbone and the structural unit [A '] m has an anchor function for linking the side units forming structural units [X], and wherein the variables n, m and i are mole fractions, with
- n + m + i 1, n ⁇ m and l> m.
- Component I 2 in one embodiment of the invention comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, preferably 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 carbon atoms, and a hydrophilic radical having more than one but not more than 5 OH radicals. Bears groups.
- Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals, of the component I 2 , via ether or ester groups is connected to the hydrophilic radical.
- the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals, of the component I 2 are bonded to the hydrophilic radical via carbon bonds.
- the OH groups of component I 2 are ethoxylated. However, there are not more than 5, preferably not more than 2, ethylene oxide units per OH group.
- the component I 2 comprises a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 10 to 18 C atoms, preferably 10 to 14 C atoms.
- the hydrophilic moiety of the component comprises 1.5-3 I 2 OH groups.
- hydrophilic moiety of component I 2 is not ethoxylated in an additional embodiment.
- the component I 2 is a sorbitan ester, such as. B. sorbitan monolaurate or sorbitan monopalmitate, polysorbate, such as. Polysorbate 61 (POE (4) sorbitan monostearate), glycerol monoester, mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester, a monoester or diester of pentaerythritol, a monoether or diether of pentaerythritol, 1,2-decanediol or 1,2-dodecanediol.
- sorbitan ester such as. B. sorbitan monolaurate or sorbitan monopalmitate
- polysorbate such as. Polysorbate 61 (POE (4) sorbitan monostearate)
- glycerol monoester mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester
- pentaerythritol a monoether or diether of
- the at least one hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is arranged on at least one chain end of a water-soluble unit.
- the at least one hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a non-terminal substituent of a water-soluble moiety.
- the at least one hydrophobic moiety of the Hi component is disposed between at least two water-soluble moieties if more than at least one water-soluble moiety is present.
- the number-average molecular weight of the water-soluble blocks A and the hydrophobic blocks B of the diblock copolymer or a triblock copolymer of the component H 3 according to claim 1 in one embodiment is between 500 and 100,000 g / mol, in particular between 2000 and 20,000 g / mol and especially between 3000 and 10,000 g / mol.
- the number average molecular weight of each hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is between 80 and 1000 g / mol, in particular between 110 and 500 g / mol and especially between 110 and 280 g / mol.
- the number average molecular weight of each water-soluble moiety of the Hi component is at least 500 g / mol; the upper limit of the number average molecular weight depends on the field of application. Typically, the number average molecular weight is between 500 and 50,000 g / mol, in particular between 900 and 20,000 g / mol and especially between 2,000 and 20,000 g / mol or 3,000 and 10,000 g / mol.
- the number-average molecular weight of all water-soluble units of component II is at least 5 times greater than the number-average molecular weight of the hydrophilic portions of component I.
- the number average molecular weight of all water soluble units of component II is at least 10 times greater than the number average molecular weight of the hydrophilic portions of component I.
- the water-soluble moiety of component II comprises at least one of these molecules: polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, polyacrolein, polyvinyl alcohol and its water-soluble derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, polymethacrylic acid, polymaleic anhydride, polyformic acid, polyacrylic acid, polystyrenesulfonic acid and their water-soluble salts ,
- the water-soluble moiety of the Hi component is a linear polymer.
- An embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the water-soluble moiety of component II is non-ionic.
- the water-soluble moiety of component II may be ionic.
- the water-soluble moiety of component II has at least two electrical charges.
- the water-soluble moiety of component II is composed of an ionic and a nonionic constituent.
- the hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical.
- the hydrocarbon radical in particular the alkyl radical, comprises 6 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
- hydrophobic moiety of component II is unsaturated in one embodiment of the invention.
- the component Hi is an alcohol ethoxylate consisting of a monohydric alcohol having 8-20 C atoms and 25-500 ethylene oxide units.
- the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and one Hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C-atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms on;
- the component I 2 comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, preferably 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups.
- the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on;
- component I 2 is a sorbitan ester, a polysorbate, a glycerol monoester, a mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester, a monoester or diester of pentaerythritol, a monoether or diether of pentaerythritol, 1,2-decanediol or 1,2-dodecanediol.
- the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on;
- the component I 2 comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, or 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 C atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups;
- the at least one hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is arranged on at least one chain end of a water-soluble unit.
- the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on; comprising component I 2 Hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, or 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 C atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups;
- the number average molecular weight of each hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is between 80 and 1000 g / mol, in particular between 110 and 500 g / mol and especially between 110 and 280 g / mol
- the hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical which in particular comprises 6 to 50 carbon atoms, especially 8 to 20 carbon atoms, or the component
- component Ii comprises alkyl glucosides having 6-8 C atoms (eg hexyl and octyl glucosides) and sulfonates (di-, poly-, alkylaryl sulfonates such as, for example, sodium cumene sulfonate, which have a hydrotopic action
- sulfonates di-, poly-, alkylaryl sulfonates such as, for example, sodium cumene sulfonate, which have a hydrotopic action
- An additional embodiment of the mixture according to the invention may comprise so-called “builders” (for example sodium phosphates, sodium carbonates, sodium silicates, polyphosphates, phosphonic acids, sodium gluconates, borates, polycarboxylates, EDTA etc.).
- Builders are complexing agents that bind alkaline earth metals in the emulsion and thus stabilize them.
- a further embodiment of the mixture according to the invention can be so-called “boosters” as foaming agents which increase the cleaning action, and / or
- Wetting agents contain (for example, alkyl polyglucosides, phosphonic acids, glycol ethers
- Base of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol units such as. B.
- Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and AOT (sodium salt of 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate)).
- AOT sodium salt of 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate
- Cleaning effect and stabilization of the microemulsion can contribute and are not foaming agents.
- Both the mixture according to the invention and the emulsion according to the invention can be used for use in a cleaner.
- this comprises a microemulsion or bicontinuous microemulsion.
- the total surfactant concentration is less than 15%, in particular less than 12, or 9%, or 7%. This very low total surfactant content (content of surfactants) allows, depending on the field of application, the production of products that are not subject to labeling with regard to their surfactant content.
- the cleaner according to the invention is particularly suitable as a replacement of organic solvents. This results in a reduction of the amount of organic solvent used up to the abandonment of aromatic solvents result, which is advantageous in terms of occupational safety and environmental protection.
- both cleaners according to the invention and the microemulsions according to the invention contained therein have increased flash points compared to the organic phases contained therein.
- the use of the cleaner according to the invention for cleaning colors, especially dried or dry paints, varnishes and tarry compounds and adhesives, as a general purpose cleaner and neutral detergent in the household, in the industry and the commercial sector is possible.
- a use of the cleaner according to the invention is also recommended when cleaning paints and varnishes on an aqueous and organic basis, in particular for cleaning brushes.
- the cleaner according to the invention can also be used for cleaning paints, varnishes, oil and / or salt-like residues of metal and / or plastic surfaces.
- the cleaner according to the invention could thus replace, for example, organic cleaning agents in many areas of application.
- the cleaner according to the invention can be advantageously used in the printing industry, in particular for removing printing inks and paper dust build-up of printing presses and printing plates. It is suitable, for example, for removing water-based or oil-based printing inks and radiation-curing printing ink. Furthermore, the cleaner finds application in the cleaning of printing cylinders, pressure rollers and surfaces of printing machines, preferably for cleaning of printing machines for conventional printing, as well as printing plates, for example, when interrupting the printing process and non-impact printing method.
- Conventional printing methods in which the cleaner can be used include planographic printing, gravure printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, and screen printing; Of particular note is offset and waterless offset printing.
- Non-impact printing methods without printing form include electrophotography, ionography, magnetography, ink jet and thermography.
- cleaning operations are carried out in regular production operation. These are carried out either by manual cleaning or by using automatic cleaning systems.
- the cleaners used include organic solvents. Before prolonged production interruptions (eg weekends), the ink-bearing parts of the machine with the help of solvents cleaned.
- printing forms especially planographic printing forms, must be carefully freed from ink residues when the printing process is interrupted.
- some of the newer printing systems are also equipped with inking unit washing facilities. Otherwise it is cleaned manually with the help of cleaning cloths.
- the wiper water systems of the pressure equipment are periodically emptied and cleaned.
- the detergent is applied to rubber blankets with a cloth.
- the order is carried out with a spray bottle.
- the mixture according to the invention contained in the cleaner dissolves the paint and can then be removed from the blanket or the inking rollers.
- the cleaner is applied to the surface of the blanket by means of a rag. Under light pressure of the cleaner-containing film, the z. B. loosened paint residues and paper components, washed off with a cleaning cloth. Problems often cause residues of color pigments,
- the inking unit, printing plate, rubber blanket on the blanket cylinder and the impression cylinder are to be cleaned depending on the operating status and requirements when changing jobs.
- automatic washing systems which differ in the nature of their technical design.
- a brush washer the cleaning is done by means of a brush roller. About this supplied cleaning fluid is transferred to the surface to be cleaned (rubber, impression cylinder and inking unit).
- the cloth of the cloth washing device is finely dosed over z.
- B. nozzle strips with Supplied cleaning fluid The cleaning cloth is pressed against the surface to be cleaned (rubber, impression cylinder and inking unit).
- the cleaner according to the invention has the advantage that the paper dust is also removed during the cleaning without, however, leading to the problem of a paper web tear listed in the preceding paragraph.
- the emulsion according to the invention can also be used in the food, pharmaceutical or chemical industries.
- a further subject of this invention is a cosmetic article comprising the emulsion according to the invention.
- the emulsion according to the invention is suitable for the preparation of a food, pesticide, in particular herbicide, or medicament.
- the components of the microemulsion mixtures can be used in each
- Pre-dissolved constituents in water and pre-dissolved the oil-soluble components in oil Pre-dissolved the oil-soluble components in oil. Strong stirring and optionally heating accelerates the mixing process.
- Ketrul D85 (Total) is an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with a flash point of 82 0 C.
- Hydroseal G232H is an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with a flash point of 103 0 C.
- Span 20 (Uniqema): sorbitan monolaurate, drug content 100%.
- Imwitor 928 (Sasol): glyceryl mono-, di- and tricocoat, active ingredient content 100%.
- Hydropalat 225 Alkylpolyglucoside with alkyl chain length C 8 / io, active ingredient content 70%.
- Hydropalat 600 Alkylpolyglucoside with alkyl chain length Ci 2 / i 4 , active ingredient content 51.5%.
- C12E190 and C12E480 are alcohol ethoxylates consisting of n-dodecanol on which 190 or 480 ethylene oxide units have been grafted on.
- Sodium gluconate (Dr. Paul Lohmann): Sodium gluconate, active ingredient content 100%.
- Zusolat 1004 (Zschimmer & Schwarz): fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 5EO, active ingredient content 85%.
- the temperature stability of the microemulsions was determined in a thermostated water bath by visual inspection in transmitted light.
- the mixtures were investigated in closed, cylindrical glass vessels of about 5-15 mm in diameter, at high turbidity of the microemulsions cuvettes were used of 1 mm layer thickness.
- the temperature phase boundaries of the single-phase microemulsion region could due to the drastically increasing turbidity when exceeding or falling below the stability window.
- Lamellar phases were determined by crossed polarizers. In the stability ranges given for the examples, there are basically single-phase microemulsions which do not contain any lamellar phases.
- the total surfactant contents relate to the active substance proportions of the surfactant components and of the polymeric additive. All percentages are based on the weight of the ingredients.
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 11 and 28 0 C
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 43 and 71 0 C, total surfactant content 10.0%.
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 44 and 72 0 C, total surfactant content 8.0%.
- the range of stability of the microemulsion is 6.2% between 15 and 75 0 C, total surfactant.
- the range of stability of the microemulsion is 6.2% 11-70 0 C, total surfactant.
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 13 and 42 0 C, total surfactant content 5.9%.
- Example 8 Drinking water: 36.06% Sodium tripolyphosphate: 1.21% Ketrul D85: 46.59% Butyl diglycol: 1.86% Span 20: 4.25% Hydropalate 600: 9.04% Brij 700: 0.99%
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 0 and 26 0 C, total surfactant content 9.9%.
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 13 and 33 0 C
- the flash points were measured with the microemulsion from Examples 1 and 7.
- the determined flash points are 9O 0 C and 92 0 C.
- the flash point of Ketrul D 85 is 82 0 C.
- Example 11 Drinking water: 31.60%, sodium gluconate: 2.30%, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 8.60%, Ketrul D85: 41.70%, Span 20: 7.00%, AG6210: 6.70%, Zusolat 1004: 1, 40%, Brij 700: 0.70%
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 5 and 40 0 C; the total surfactant content is 12.9%.
- the blankets of a rotary offset printing machine with commercial offset printing ink were cleaned once with an organic solvent-based cleaner (mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, white spirit) and once with the microemulsion of the invention.
- the cleaning performance, d. H. the cleaning of the ink, as well as the paper dust build-up, d. H. the solid residues of paper fibers were essentially the same.
- the rollers were cleaner and drier than using organic solvents as cleaning agents, resulting in reduced start-up waste.
- the labor required to manually clean the blankets was lower.
- Drinking water 31.60%, sodium gluconate: 2.30%, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 8.60%, Ketrul D85: 41.70%, Span 20: 7.00%, AG6210: 6.70%, Zusolat: 1004: 1 , 40%, Brij 700: 0.70%
- the stability range of the microemulsion is between 5 and 40 0 C; the total surfactant content is 12.9%.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mixture comprising a component I, having 80-20% by weight of a component I1, which is an alkyl polyglucoside, having 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, 20-80% by weight of a component I2, which is a cosurfactant containing alcohol groups, excluding an alkyl polyglucoside, and a polymer additive as component II, wherein the polymer additive as component II1 comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, the ratio of the numerical average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and of the numerical average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units being 2:1 to 1000:1, or the polymer additive as component II2 comprising at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, being an amphiphilic comb polymer, or the polymer additive as component II3 comprising at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, the component II3 being an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA or BAB triblock copolymer having water-soluble blocks A and hydrophobic blocks B.
Description
Mischung, welche ein Alkylpolyqlucosid, ein Cotensid und ein polymeres Mixture comprising an alkyl polyglucoside, a cosurfactant and a polymeric
Additiv umfasst.Additive includes.
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mischung, umfassend zwei Komponenten I und II, eine Emulsion, welche aus der Mischung hergestellt werden und auch als Mikroemulsion, insbesondere also eine bikontinuierliche Mikroemulsion, vorliegen kann, sowie einen Reiniger, ein Kosmetikartikel und ein Lebensmittel, welche die Emulsion umfassen und eine Verwendung des Reinigers.The invention relates to a mixture comprising two components I and II, an emulsion which are prepared from the mixture and may also be present as a microemulsion, in particular a bicontinuous microemulsion, and a cleaner, a cosmetic article and a foodstuff which comprise the emulsion and a use of the cleaner.
Tenside sind waschaktive Substanzen (Detergentien), die in Waschmitteln, Spülmitteln, und Shampoos enthalten sind. Sie verfügen über einen charakteristischen Aufbau und weisen mindestens eine hydrophile und eine hydrophobe Struktureinheit auf. Sie weisen einen amphiphilen Charakter auf. Steht der stabilisierende Charakter von Wasser-Öl-Gemischen im Vordergrund, werden diese amphiphilen Substanzen als Emulgatoren eingesetzt. Tenside setzen die Grenzflächenspannung zwischen miteinander nicht mischbaren Phasen, einer hydrophilen (wasserlöslichen, lipophoben), meist wässrigen Phase und einer hydrophoben (öllöslichen, lipophilen) Phase herab. Solche flüssigen Zwei-Phasen-Gemische werden als Emulsionen bezeichnet. Konventionelle Emulsionen können hydrophile und hydrophobe Phasen in unterschiedlichen Volumenanteilen enthalten. Sie haben eine kontinuierliche und eine disperse Phase, die als sehr kleine, durch Belegung mit Tensiden stabilisierte Kügelchen, in der kontinuierlichen Phase vorliegt. Je nach Natur der kontinuierlichen Phase spricht man von Öl-in-Wasser- oder Wasser-in-ÖI- Emulsionen.Surfactants are detergent substances (detergents) that are contained in detergents, dishwashing detergents, and shampoos. They have a characteristic structure and have at least one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic structural unit. They have an amphiphilic character. If the stabilizing character of water-oil mixtures is in the foreground, these amphiphilic substances are used as emulsifiers. Surfactants lower the interfacial tension between immiscible phases, a hydrophilic (water-soluble, lipophobic), mostly aqueous phase, and a hydrophobic (oil-soluble, lipophilic) phase. Such liquid two-phase mixtures are referred to as emulsions. Conventional emulsions may contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases in different volumes. They have a continuous and a disperse phase, which is a very small globule stabilized by surfactant occupancy, in the continuous phase. Depending on the nature of the continuous phase, it is referred to as oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions.
Grundsätzlich unterscheidet man zwischen Emulsionen und Mikroemulsionen. Während Mikroemulsionen thermodynamisch stabil sind, zerfallen Emulsionen aufgrund ihrer Instabilität. Im mikroskopischen Bereich spiegelt sich dieser Unterschied darin wieder, dass die emulgierten Flüssigkeiten in Mikroemulsionen in kleinere Flüssigkeitsvolumina (z. B. 10"15 μl_) gefasst sind
als in Emulsionen (z. B. 10"12 μl_) wie in DE 10 2005 049 765 Al beschrieben. Thermodynamisch instabile Emulsionen weisen somit größere Strukturen auf.Basically, a distinction is made between emulsions and microemulsions. While microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, emulsions disintegrate due to their instability. At the microscopic level, this difference is reflected in the fact that the emulsified liquids in microemulsions are enclosed in smaller volumes of liquid (eg 10 "15 μl_) as described in emulsions (eg 10 "12 μl_) as described in DE 10 2005 049 765 A. Thermodynamically unstable emulsions thus have larger structures.
In Mikroemulsionen können lamellare Mesophasen auftreten. Lamellare Mesophasen führen zu optischer Anisotropie und erhöhter Viskosität. Diese Eigenschaften sind z. B. für Reiniger unerwünscht. Außerdem tritt oft Phasentrennung auf, wenn lamellare Phasen mit Mikroemulsionen koexistieren.In microemulsions lamellar mesophases can occur. Lamellar mesophases lead to optical anisotropy and increased viscosity. These properties are for. B. undesirable for cleaners. In addition, phase separation often occurs when lamellar phases coexist with microemulsions.
Mikroemulsionen bestehen aus mindestens drei Komponenten, nämlich aus Öl, Wasser und einem Tensid [1-7]. Öl und Wasser sind nicht mischbar und bilden daher Domänen auf der Nanoskala. Das Tensid vermittelt zwischen diesen beiden Komponenten und erlaubt eine makroskopisch-homogene Mischung. Auf mikroskopischer Skala bildet das Tensid einen Film zwischen den Öl- und Wasserdomänen. Mikroemulsionen sind makroskopisch homogen, verhalten sich optisch isotrop und sind im Gegensatz zu Emulsionen thermodynamisch stabil. Es gibt W/O- und O/W-Tröpfchen-Mikroemulsionen, wobei Wassertröpfchen vom Öl oder Öltröpfchen vom Wasser umschlossen sind. Etwa gleiche Anteile von Öl zu Wasser fördern die Bildung einer bikontinuierlichen Mikroemulsion.Microemulsions consist of at least three components, namely oil, water and a surfactant [1-7]. Oil and water are immiscible and therefore form domains on the nanoscale. The surfactant mediates between these two components and allows a macroscopic-homogeneous mixture. On a microscopic scale, the surfactant forms a film between the oil and water domains. Microemulsions are macroscopically homogeneous, behave optically isotropically and are thermodynamically stable in contrast to emulsions. There are W / O and O / W droplet microemulsions in which water droplets from the oil or oil droplets are enclosed by the water. Approximately equal proportions of oil to water promote the formation of a bicontinuous microemulsion.
Charakteristisch für die Effizienz eines Tensids ist die minimal benötigte Tensidmenge, um Emulsionen über den gewünschten Zeitraum zu stabilisieren oder um eine Mikroemulsion zu erhalten.Characteristic of the efficiency of a surfactant is the minimum amount of surfactant required to stabilize emulsions over the desired period or to obtain a microemulsion.
Mikroemulsionen wurden intensiv im Bereich der Grundlagenwissenschaft untersucht [8, 9]. Die dabei erhaltenen Erkenntnisse beruhen weitgehend auf der Verwendung von reinen, definierten Komponenten : deionisiertes Wasser, chemisch reine Öle und Reintenside. Bei technischen Mikroemulsionen bestehen die Komponenten in der Regel aus Stoffgemischen. Dadurch ändert sich das Phasenverhältnis beträchtlich und die in vereinfachten Modellen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aus der Grundlagenforschung können nicht ohne
weiteres auf technische Anwendungen übertragen werden. Eine weitere Schwierigkeit liegt in der geringen Temperaturstabilität von Mikroemulsionen, da in praxistauglichen Formulierungen die Stabilität über einen breiten Temperaturbereich hinweg gegeben sein muss. Besonders Systeme auf Basis der vielfach verwendeten Fettalkoholethoxylate sind nur in einem sehr engen Temperaturfenster von wenigen 0C stabil bzw. müssen extrem hohe Tensidkonzentrationen verwendet werden. Hingegen können Mikroemulsionen, die mit Hilfe von Zuckertensiden hergestellt werden, über größere Temperaturbereiche stabil sein. Ganz ähnlich können auch Gemische aus nichtionischen und ionische Tensiden herangezogen werden. Hier macht man sich das unterschiedliche Temperaturverhalten der nichtionischen und der ionischen Tenside zunutze. Allerdings weisen auch Zuckertenside und nichtionische Tensidmischungen Nachteile auf. Mikroemulsionen aus Zuckertensiden können nur mit Hilfe von Cotensiden hergestellt werden. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden dabei einwertige Alkohole wie Hexanol oder Octanol verwendet. Mikroemulsionen, die ionische Tenside beinhalten, sind empfindlich gegenüber Veränderungen der Salzkonzentration.Microemulsions have been extensively studied in the field of basic science [8, 9]. The knowledge gained is largely based on the use of pure, defined components: deionized water, chemically pure oils and pure surfactants. In technical microemulsions, the components usually consist of mixtures. As a result, the phase ratio changes considerably and the findings from basic research gained in simplified models can not be without further be transferred to technical applications. Another difficulty lies in the low temperature stability of microemulsions, since in practical formulations stability must be present over a wide temperature range. Particularly systems based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates frequently used are stable only in a very narrow temperature window of a few 0 C and extremely high levels of surfactant must be used. On the other hand, microemulsions made with the aid of sugar surfactants can be stable over larger temperature ranges. Similarly, mixtures of nonionic and ionic surfactants can be used. Here one makes use of the different temperature behavior of the nonionic and ionic surfactants advantage. However, sugar surfactants and nonionic surfactant mixtures also have disadvantages. Microemulsions of sugar surfactants can only be produced with the help of cosurfactants. In the prior art, monohydric alcohols such as hexanol or octanol are used. Microemulsions containing ionic surfactants are sensitive to changes in salt concentration.
Da die Forschung über Mikroemulsionen weitgehend im Bereich der Grundlagenforschung stattfindet, wurde in diesem Feld bislang wenig Wert darauf gelegt, Tenside zu verwenden, die ein geringes Gefahrstoffpotential beinhalten bzw. auf der Basis von nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt werden. Für technische Anwendungen kann dies von großer Bedeutung sein, da in konventionellen Mikroemulsionen Tensidgehalte von 20-30 % die Regel sind, um eine hinreichend ausgedehnte Temperaturstabilität zu erreichen. In solchen Konzentrationen besitzen Tenside ein nicht zu vernachlässigendesSince research on microemulsions takes place largely in the area of basic research, little emphasis has been placed in this area on the use of surfactants which contain a low risk potential or are produced on the basis of renewable raw materials. For technical applications, this can be of great importance, since in conventional microemulsions surfactant contents of 20-30% are the rule in order to achieve a sufficiently extended temperature stability. In such concentrations surfactants have a non-negligible
Gefahrstoffpotential. Sie wirken insbesondere reizend auf die Haut und Augen.Hazardous material potential. They are particularly irritating to the skin and eyes.
Eine Ausnahme in dieser Beziehung bilden Alkylpolyglucoside, die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt werden und nur ein mäßiges Gefahrstoffpotential besitzen und zudem relativ hautfreundlich sind.An exception in this regard are alkyl polyglucosides which are produced from renewable raw materials and have only a moderate hazardous substance potential and are also relatively skin-friendly.
Sorbitanester hingegen, die ein sehr geringes Gefahrstoffpotential besitzen und auch weitgehend aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen hergestellt werden,
sind hinsichtlich ihres Einsatzes in Mikroemulsionen bisher kaum erforscht worden.Sorbitan esters, on the other hand, which have a very low hazard potential and are also largely produced from renewable raw materials, have been little explored in terms of their use in microemulsions so far.
Die DE-A-198 39 054 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Effizienzsteigerung von Tensiden bei simultaner Unterdrückung lamellarer Mesophasen, ein Verfahren zur Stabilisierung der Temperaturlage des Einphasengebietes für Öl-, Wasser- Tensidmischungen, ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Strukturgröße von emulgierten Flüssigkeitsteilchen in Mikroemulsionen sowie ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der Grenzflächenspannung von Öl-Wassergemischen, bei denen AB-Blockcopolymere mit einem wasserlöslichen Block A und einem wasserunlöslichen Block B zugegeben werden. Die Polymere bestehen aus einem wasserlöslichen Block A und einem hydrophoben Block. Die unteren Grenzen der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte für A und B liegen bei 500 g/mol. Dieses Verfahren eignet sich für die Herstellung von Mikroemulsionen.DE-A-198 39 054 discloses a process for increasing the efficiency of surfactants with simultaneous suppression of lamellar mesophases, a process for stabilizing the temperature position of the single phase region for oil, water surfactant mixtures, a process for increasing the structure size of emulsified liquid particles in microemulsions and a A method for reducing the interfacial tension of oil-water mixtures to which AB block copolymers having a water-soluble block A and a water-insoluble block B are added. The polymers consist of a water-soluble block A and a hydrophobic block. The lower limits of the number average molecular weights for A and B are 500 g / mol. This method is suitable for the production of microemulsions.
Die DE-A-103 23 180 beschreibt Mischungen, enthaltend ein Tensid und ein Cotensid, die dadurch gekennzeichnet sind, dass man als Cotensid ein amphiphiles Kammpolymer einsetzt, aufweisend ein Rückgrat mit am Rückgrat angebrachten zwei oder mehreren Seitenketten, wobei sich die Seitenketten untereinander und/oder die Seitenketten vom Rückgrat in ihrem amphiphilen Charakter unterscheiden. Das Cotensid eignet sich zur Effizienzsteigerung in Mikroemulsionen.DE-A-103 23 180 describes mixtures containing a surfactant and a cosurfactant which are characterized in that the cosurfactant used is an amphiphilic comb polymer comprising a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone, the side chains being mutually interlinked and / or distinguish the side chains from the backbone in their amphiphilic character. The cosurfactant is suitable for increasing the efficiency in microemulsions.
Ferner offenbart DE-A-44 17 476 eine Mikroemulsion, die Alkylglykoside und Fettsäure-Polyol-Partialester enthält. Die Mikroemulsion soll dabei in einem breitem Existenzbereich vorliegen; ein Temperaturbereich, in dem die Mikroemulsion stabil ist, wird jedoch nicht offenbart.Further, DE-A-4417476 discloses a microemulsion containing alkyl glycosides and fatty acid polyol partial esters. The microemulsion should be present in a wide range of existence; however, a temperature range in which the microemulsion is stable is not disclosed.
DE-A-198 24 236 schlägt ein Verfahren zum Reinigen von Druckmaschinen oder Druckformen vor, bei dem man die Verunreinigungen von den zu reinigenden Oberflächen durch Waschen mit einer Mikroemulsion entfernt, die
Wasser, ein grenzflächenaktives Mittel und ein mit Wasser nicht mischbares organisches Lösemittel enthält.DE-A-198 24 236 proposes a method for cleaning printing presses or printing plates, in which the contaminants are removed from the surfaces to be cleaned by washing with a microemulsion which Water, a surfactant and a water-immiscible organic solvent.
US-A-5719113 offenbart Reinigungsmittel umfassend eine antibakterielle Substanz, ein nichtionisches Tensid und ein amphoteres Tensid. Im Gegensatz zu der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung wird kein zweites alkoholgruppen- enthaltendes Tensid offenbart.US-A-5719113 discloses detergents comprising an antibacterial substance, a nonionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant. In contrast to the mixture according to the invention, no second alcohol group-containing surfactant is disclosed.
Ein der Erfindung zugrunde liegendes technisches Problem besteht darin, eine Mischung zu schaffen, welche verbesserte Eigenschaften aufweist und zu einer Emulsion, insbesondere einer Mikroemulsion, verarbeitet werden kann.A technical problem underlying the invention is to provide a mixture which has improved properties and can be processed to form an emulsion, in particular a microemulsion.
Diese Emulsion, insbesondere Mikroemulsion, soll eine geringere Menge an Tensiden benötigen und in einem größeren Temperaturbereich stabil sein. In einer Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion, insbesondere Mikroemulsion, den Vorteil auf, dass sie frei oder nahezu frei von flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (sog. volatile organic Compounds, VOC) ist. Als VOC ist nach der 31. Verordnung zur Durchführung des Bundes- Immissionsschutzgesetzes (31. BimschV) § 2, Nr. 11, eine flüchtige organische Verbindung anzusehen, die bei 293,15 Kelvin einen Dampfdruck von 0,01 kPa oder mehr hat. Zu den VOC zählen z.B. Verbindungen der Stoffgruppen Alkane/Alkene, Aromaten, Terpene, Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe, Ester, Aldehyde und Ketone.This emulsion, especially microemulsion, should require a smaller amount of surfactants and be stable over a wider temperature range. In one embodiment, the emulsion according to the invention, in particular microemulsion, has the advantage that it is free or virtually free of volatile organic compounds (so-called volatile organic compounds, VOC). According to the 31st Ordinance for the Implementation of the Federal Pollution Control Act (31st BimschV), § 2, no. 11, is a volatile organic compound which has a vapor pressure of 0.01 kPa or more at 293.15 Kelvin. VOCs include e.g. Compounds of the substance groups alkanes / alkenes, aromatics, terpenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, aldehydes and ketones.
Das Problem wird durch eine erfindungsgemäße Mischung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The problem is solved by a mixture according to claim 1 according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Mischung umfasst eine Komponente I, umfassend 80- 20 Gew.-% einer ersten tensidischen Komponente Ii, die ein Alkylpolyglucosid ist, umfassend 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest von 6-16 C-Atomen, 20-80 Gew.-% einer Komponente I2, die ein Alkoholgruppen enthaltendes zweites Tensid
ausgenommen ein Alkylpolyglucosid ist, wobei sich die Gewichtsanteile nur auf die Komponente I beziehen, und polymeres Additiv als Komponente II, wobei das polymere Additiv als Komponente Hi mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei das Verhältnis der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller wasserlöslichen Einheiten und der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller hydrophoben Einheiten 2: 1 bis 1000 : 1 oder 3: 1 bis 1000: 1, insbesondere 5 : 1 bis 200: 1 und insbesondere 10: 1 bis 50: 1 beträgt und wobei jede mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit ein zahlenmittleres Molekulargewicht von maximal 1000 g/mol besitzt, oder das polymere Additiv als Komponente H2 mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei es ein amphiphiles Kammpolymer ist, welches ein Rückgrat mit am Rückgrat angebrachten zwei oder mehreren Seitenketten umfasst, wobei sich die Seitenketten untereinander und/oder die Seitenketten vom Rückgrat in ihrem amphiphilen Charakter unterscheiden, oder das polymere Additiv als Komponente H3 mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei das polymere Additiv als Komponente H3 ein AB-Diblockcopolymer oder ein ABA- bzw. BAB- Triblockcoplymer mit wasserlöslichen Blöcken A und hydrophoben Blöcken B ist.The mixture according to the invention comprises a component I comprising 80-20% by weight of a first surface-active component Ii which is an alkyl polyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16 C atoms, 20-80 % By weight of a component I 2 containing a second surfactant containing alcohol groups excluding an alkyl polyglucoside, wherein the parts by weight relate only to the component I, and polymeric additive as component II, wherein the polymeric additive comprises as component Hi at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, wherein the ratio of the number average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and the number average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units is 2: 1 to 1000: 1 or 3: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular 5: 1 to 200: 1 and in particular 10: 1 to 50: 1 and wherein each at least one hydrophobic unit is a number average Molecular weight of at most 1000 g / mol, or the polymeric additive comprises, as component H 2 at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic moiety, wherein it is an amphiphilic comb polymer comprising a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone the side chains with each other and / or the Sei differ from the backbone in their amphiphilic character, or the polymeric additive comprises as component H 3 at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic moiety, wherein the polymeric additive as component H 3 is an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA or BAB triblock copolymer with water-soluble blocks A and hydrophobic blocks B is.
Das polymere Additiv der Komponenten Hi, H2 oder H3 kann auch in Kombination in der Mischung vorliegen.The polymeric additive of the components Hi, H 2 or H 3 may also be present in combination in the mixture.
Diese Komponente II, die als polymeres Additiv in der Mischung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 enthalten ist, scheint zu einer Effizienzsteigerung der Tenside in Komponente I zu führen.This component II, which is included as a polymeric additive in the mixture according to claim 1, seems to lead to an increase in the efficiency of the surfactants in component I.
Neben Kostengründen ist die Tensideinsparung auch aus ökologischen oder gesundheitlichen Gründen vorteilhaft. Tenside sind ökologisch besonders relevante Stoffe, deren Umweltverträglichkeit sichergestellt werden muss.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Einsparung von Tensiden tritt in Erscheinung, wenn sich Tenside bei der Anwendung der Mikroemulsion störend auswirken. Beispielhaft können Kosmetika genannt werden, deren Tensidgehalt aufgrund der möglicherweise bei empfindlicher Haut auftretenden hautbeeinflussenden Wirkung oder einer möglicherweise auftretenden augenreizenden Wirkung der Tenside möglichst gering sein sollte. Gleiches gilt in besonderem Maße für Lebensmittel. Eine Belastung des Konsumenten durch Tenside sollte so niedrig wie möglich sein. Die vorliegende Erfindung leistet dazu einen Beitrag.In addition to cost reasons, the surfactant saving is also advantageous for environmental or health reasons. Surfactants are ecologically particularly relevant substances whose environmental compatibility must be ensured. Another advantage of surfactant savings occurs when surfactants interfere with the application of the microemulsion. By way of example, cosmetics may be mentioned whose surfactant content should be as low as possible due to the skin-influencing effect possibly occurring in the case of sensitive skin or a potentially occurring eye-irritating effect of the surfactants. The same applies in particular to food. Consumer exposure to surfactants should be as low as possible. The present invention contributes to this.
In einer Ausführungsform führte die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion gegenüber dem Stand der Technik zu einem geringeren Zeitaufwand beim Abreinigen.In one embodiment, the emulsion according to the invention compared to the prior art resulted in less time spent cleaning.
Die erfindungsgemäße Mischung umfasst die Komponenten I und II. Komponente I umfasst ihrerseits 80 - 20 Gew.-% Komponente Ii, welche ein Alkylpolyglucosid ist, das 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen_Alkylrest von 6-16 C-Atomen, umfasst, und des weiteren 20 - 80 Gew.-% der Komponente I2, welche ein Alkoholgruppen enthaltendes Cotensid, aber kein Alkylpolyglucosid ist. Die Gewichtsanteile beziehen sich dabei nur auf die Komponente I.The mixture according to the invention comprises components I and II. In turn, component I comprises 80 to 20% by weight of component II, which is an alkylpolyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16 C atoms. and further 20-80% by weight of component I 2 which is an alcohol-containing cosurfactant but not an alkylpolyglucoside. The parts by weight relate only to the component I.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Komponente I2 folglich nicht Propylenglykol.According to the invention, the component I 2 is therefore not propylene glycol.
Komponente I2 weist in einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung in wässriger Lösung einen HLB-Wert von 1-11 oder von 3-11 oder von 5-11 oder von 1-5 oder von 3-5 auf. Der HLB-Wert beschreibt den hydrophilen und lipophilen Anteil eines Tensids.In an embodiment of the mixture according to the invention in aqueous solution, component I 2 has an HLB value of 1-11 or of 3-11 or of 5-11 or of 1-5 or of 3-5. The HLB value describes the hydrophilic and lipophilic portion of a surfactant.
Der HLB-Wert wird nach Griffin wie folgt berechnet [10] :The HLB value is calculated according to Griffin as follows [10]:
HLB= 20 * Mh/M
Mh = Molmasse des hydrophilen Anteils eines Moleküls M = Molmasse des gesamten MolekülsHLB = 20 * M H / M M h = molecular weight of the hydrophilic portion of a molecule M = molecular weight of the entire molecule
Erfindungsgemäß werden insbesondere Tenside der Komponente I2 eingesetzt, die hautfreundlich sind. Als Beispiele sind Sorbitanester zu nennen. Daneben können aber auch andere, gemäß Lebensmittelrecht zulässige Tenside (Emulgatoren) eingesetzt werden.According to the invention, surfactants of component I 2 which are skin-friendly are used in particular. Examples are sorbitan esters. In addition, however, other surfactants (emulsifiers) which are permissible under food law can also be used.
In einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung ist Komponente Ii hydrophiler als Komponente I2. Dies bedeutet, dass der HLB-Wert der Komponente Ii größer ist als der der Komponente I2.In one embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, component II is more hydrophilic than component I 2 . This means that the HLB value of the component Ii is greater than that of the component I 2 .
Beispielsweise kann die erfindungsgemäße Mischung so hergestellt sein, dass die Komponente Ii einen HLB-Wert von 11-19, insbesondere von 11-15 aufweist und die Komponente I2 einen HLB-Wert von 1-11, insbesondere von 3-11 oder 5-11 oder von 1-5 oder 3-5 aufweist.For example, the mixture according to the invention can be produced such that component Ii has an HLB value of 11-19, in particular of 11-15 and component I 2 has an HLB value of 1-11, in particular 3-11 or 5- 11 or from 1-5 or 3-5.
Die erfindungsgemäße Komponente II ist gemäß Anspruch 1 ein polymeres Additiv, das entweder eine Komponente Hi oder H2 oder H3 umfasst. Komponente Hi umfasst weiterhin mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit, wobei das Verhältnis der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller wasserlöslichen Einheiten und der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller hydrophoben Einheiten 2: 1 bis 1000: 1, insbesondere 5: 1 bis 200: 1 und besonders 10: 1 bis 50: 1 beträgt und wobei jede mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit ein zahlenmittleres Molekulargewicht von maximal 1000 g/mol besitzt.The component II according to the invention is according to claim 1, a polymeric additive comprising either a component Hi or H 2 or H 3 . Component Hi furthermore comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, the ratio of the number-average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and the number average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units being 2: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular 5: 1 to 200: 1 and especially 10: 1 to 50: 1 and wherein each at least one hydrophobic unit has a number average molecular weight of at most 1000 g / mol.
Die Komponente H2 umfasst ebenfalls mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit. Es handelt sich um ein amphiphiles Kammpolymer, welches ein Rückgrat mit am Rückgrat angebrachten zwei oder mehreren Seitenketten umfasst, wobei sich die Seitenketten untereinander und/oder die Seitenketten vom Rückgrat in ihrem amphiphilen Charakter unterscheiden.
Die Komponente H3 umfasst mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit, wobei sie ein AB-Diblockcopolymer oder ein ABA- bzw. BAB-Triblockcoplymer mit wasserlöslichen Blöcken A und hydrophoben Blöcken B ist.The component H 2 likewise comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit. It is an amphiphilic comb polymer comprising a backbone with two or more side chains attached to the backbone, the side chains differing from each other and / or the side chains from the backbone in their amphiphilic character. The component H 3 comprises at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, being an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA or BAB triblock copolymer having water-soluble blocks A and hydrophobic blocks B.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Mischung 80-99 Gew.-% Komponente I, insbesondere 85-95 Gew.-%, und 1-20 Gew.-% Komponente II, insbesondere 5-15 Gew.-%.In a further embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises 80-99% by weight of component I, in particular 85-95% by weight, and 1-20% by weight of component II, in particular 5-15% by weight.
Eine Emulsion erhältlich durch Verdünnen der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung mit wässriger Lösung und öliger Phase ist ebenfalls Gegenstand dieser Erfindung. Es kommt dabei zur Bildung einer Emulsion zwischen hydrophiler und hydrophober Phase, welche durch die erfindungsgemäße Mischung stabilisiert wird.An emulsion obtainable by diluting the aqueous solution-oily phase mixture of the present invention is also an object of this invention. This results in the formation of an emulsion between hydrophilic and hydrophobic phase, which is stabilized by the mixture according to the invention.
In einer Ausführungsform ist diese Emulsion dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um eine Mikroemulsion handelt, welche insbesondere eine bikontinuierliche Mikroemulsion ist. Bikontinuierliche Mikroemulsionen umfassen zwei Phasen, eine hydrophobe und eine hydrophile Phase, in Form von ausgedehnten nebeneinanderliegenden und ineinander verschlungenen Domänen, an deren Grenzfläche stabilisierende grenzflächenaktive Tenside in einer monomolekularen Schicht angereichert sind (vgl. [H]). Mikroemulsionen bilden sich sehr leicht und wegen der sehr niedrigen Grenzflächenspannung spontan, wenn die Einzelkomponenten Wasser, Öl und ein geeignetes grenzflächenaktives System vermischt werden. Da die Domänen in mindestens einer Dimension nur sehr geringe Ausdehnungen in der Größenordnung von Nanometern haben, erscheinen Mikroemulsionen oft visuell transparent und sind je nach dem eingesetzten grenzflächenaktiven System in einem bestimmten Temperaturbereich thermodynamisch, d. h. zeitlich unbegrenzt, stabil. Wenn Mikroemulsionen geringe Tensidgehalte aufweisen, können sie auch trüb sein.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform kann die erfindungsgemäße Mikroemulsion eine W/O- oder O/W- Tröpfchen-Mikroemulsion sein, wobei Wassertröpfchen vom Öl oder Öltröpfchen vom Wasser umschlossen sind.In one embodiment, this emulsion is characterized in that it is a microemulsion, which is in particular a bicontinuous microemulsion. Bicontinuous microemulsions comprise two phases, a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic phase, in the form of extended juxtaposed and intertwined domains, at the interface of which stabilizing surface-active surfactants are enriched in a monomolecular layer (see [H]). Microemulsions form very easily and spontaneously because of the very low interfacial tension when the individual components water, oil and a suitable surfactant system are mixed. Since the domains in at least one dimension have only very small dimensions on the order of nanometers, microemulsions often appear visually transparent and are thermodynamically, ie indefinitely, stable depending on the surfactant system used in a specific temperature range. If microemulsions have low surfactant contents, they can also be cloudy. Alternatively, the microemulsion of the present invention may be a W / O or O / W droplet microemulsion wherein water droplets from the oil or oil droplets are surrounded by the water.
Das geeignete Massenverhältnis von öliger Phase zu wässriger Phase hängt stark vom Anwendungsgebiet ab und kann vom Fachmann in Routineversuchen optimiert werden. So kann beispielsweise im Bereich Pflanzenschutz ein Verhältnis von 0,01 und im Bereich Haushaltsreiniger ein Verhältnis von 0,7 zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse liefern.The suitable mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase depends strongly on the field of application and can be optimized by the person skilled in the art in routine experiments. For example, in the field of crop protection, a ratio of 0.01 and in the area of household cleaners a ratio of 0.7 can provide satisfactory results.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mikroemulsion beträgt das Massenverhältnis von öliger Phase zu wässriger Phase 0,5 bis 1,6. Solche Verhältnisse sind bei Industriereinigern sinnvoll.In a further embodiment of the microemulsion according to the invention, the mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase is 0.5 to 1.6. Such conditions are useful for industrial cleaners.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigers beträgt das Massenverhältnis von öliger Phase zu wässriger Phase der Mikroemulsion 1,0 bis 1,4.In another embodiment of the cleaner according to the invention, the mass ratio of oily phase to aqueous phase of the microemulsion is 1.0 to 1.4.
In einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Emulsion als ölige Phase Mineralöle, insbesondere aliphatische naphthenische Kohlenwasserstoffe wieIn one embodiment, the emulsion comprises as the oily phase mineral oils, in particular aliphatic naphthenic hydrocarbons such as
Petroleumbenzin. Hierzu zählen auch entaromatisierte Petroleumverschnitte mit 11-14 C-Atomen, entaromatisierte Testbenzine mit 9-12 C-Atomen, spezielle entaromatisierte Fraktionen mit 9-10 C-Atomen sowie polarePetroleum gasoline. These also include dearomatized petroleum blends with 11-14 carbon atoms, dearomatized benzene with 9-12 carbon atoms, special de-aromatized fractions with 9-10 carbon atoms and polar
Lösungsmittel wie z. B. Derivate der Kohlensäure (z. B.4-Methyl-l,3-dioxolan- 2-on), Derivate der Milchsäure, wie z. B. Ethyllactat, n-Propyllactat und 2-Solvents such. B. derivatives of carbonic acid (eg., 4-Methyl-l, 3-dioxolan-2-one), derivatives of lactic acid, such as. Ethyl lactate, n-propyl lactate and 2-
Ethylhexyllactat, und von Dicarbonsäuren, wie z. B. Dimetylester oderEthylhexyllactat, and of dicarboxylic acids, such as. B. Dimetylester or
Dimethyldiisobutylester der Glutarsäure, Adipinsäure oder Bernsteinsäure, als auch Glykolether auf Basis von Ethylenglykol- und Propylenglykoleinheiten, wie z. B. Diethylenglykolmonobutylether oder Dipropylenglykoldimethylether. Die ölige Phase der Emulsion kann ferner Triglyceride und Produkte ausDimethyldiisobutylester of glutaric acid, adipic acid or succinic acid, as well as glycol ethers based on ethylene glycol and propylene glycol units, such as. B. diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether. The oily phase of the emulsion may further comprise triglycerides and products
Veresterung oder Umesterung von Pflanzenölen mit Alkoholen wie z. B.
Fettsäuremethylester (z. B. Rapsölmethylester oder Kokosester) umfassen. Diese Stoffe können auch tensidische Wirkung entfalten.Esterification or transesterification of vegetable oils with alcohols such. B. Fatty acid methyl esters (eg, rapeseed oil methyl ester or coconut ester). These substances can also develop surfactant effect.
Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Triglyceriden z. B. aus Pflanzen oder schwerflüchtigen Kohlenwasserstoffölen, insbesondere aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen, kann eine fast geruchsneutrale Emulsion hergestellt werden.In particular, in the use of triglycerides z. B. from plants or semi-volatile hydrocarbon oils, especially aliphatic hydrocarbons, an almost odor-neutral emulsion can be prepared.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße Mikroemulsion keine lamellare Phase auf.In a further embodiment, the microemulsion according to the invention has no lamellar phase.
In einer Ausführungsform umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion 80-99 Gew.-% Komponente I, insbesondere 85-95 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den gesamten tensidischen Aktivgehalt der Emulsion. Dabei umfasst Komponente I wiederum zwei Komponenten : Komponente Ii und Komponente I2 der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung. Außerdem umfasst die Emulsion 1-20 Gew.-% Komponente II, insbesondere 5-15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den gesamten tensidischen Aktivgehalt der Emulsion, welche wie in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung ein polymeres Additiv ist.In one embodiment, the emulsion of the invention comprises 80-99 wt .-% of component I, in particular 85-95 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion. In this case, component I in turn comprises two components: component Ii and component I 2 of the mixture according to the invention. In addition, the emulsion comprises 1-20 wt .-% of component II, in particular 5-15 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion, which is a polymeric additive as in the inventive mixture.
In einer Ausführungsform beträgt die Menge der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge an erfindungsgemäßer Emulsion 1-20 %, insbesondere 3-15 % und besonders 3-10 %.In one embodiment, the amount of the mixture according to the invention, based on the total amount of emulsion according to the invention, is 1-20%, in particular 3-15% and especially 3-10%.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform umfasst die Emulsion weitere Tenside.In an additional embodiment, the emulsion comprises further surfactants.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das amphiphile Kammpolymer (Komponente H2) dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rückgrat des Kammpolymers hydrophob ist und dass alle Seitenketten des Kammpolymers hydrophil sind.In one embodiment, the amphiphilic comb polymer (component H 2 ) is characterized in that the backbone of the comb polymer is hydrophobic and that all side chains of the comb polymer are hydrophilic.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das amphiphile Kammpolymer dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich wiederholende Struktureinheiten [A]n, [A']m und [X]1 aufweist, wobei die Struktureinheiten [A]n und [A']m das Rückgrat bilden
und die Struktureinheit [A']m eine Ankerfunktion zum Anbinden der die Seitenketten bildenden Struktureinheiten [X], aufweist, und wobei die Variablen n, m und i Molfraktionen sind, mitIn a further embodiment, the amphiphilic comb polymer is characterized by having repeating structural units [A] n , [A '] m and [X] 1 , wherein the structural units [A] n and [A'] m form the backbone and the structural unit [A '] m has an anchor function for linking the side units forming structural units [X], and wherein the variables n, m and i are mole fractions, with
n + m+i = l, n≥m und l>m.n + m + i = 1, n≥m and l> m.
Die Komponente I2 umfasst in einer Ausführung der Erfindung Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere 1-2 Alkylreste, bevorzugt 1 bis 1,5 Alkylreste, mit jeweils 8-20 C-Atomen, und einen hydrophilen Rest, der mehr als eine, jedoch maximal 5 OH-Gruppen trägt.Component I 2 in one embodiment of the invention comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, preferably 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 carbon atoms, and a hydrophilic radical having more than one but not more than 5 OH radicals. Bears groups.
In einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform weist das Alkylpolyglucosid der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen, auf.In one embodiment of the invention, the alkylpolyglucoside of the component Ii 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C-atoms, on.
Eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Kohlwasserstoffreste, insbesondere die Alkylreste, der Komponente I2, über Ether- oder Estergruppen mit dem hydrophilen Rest verbunden ist.Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals, of the component I 2 , via ether or ester groups is connected to the hydrophilic radical.
In einer weitern Ausführungsform sind die Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere die Alkylreste, der Komponente I2 über Kohlenstoffbindungen mit dem hydrophilen Rest verbunden.In a further embodiment, the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals, of the component I 2 are bonded to the hydrophilic radical via carbon bonds.
In einer Ausführungsform sind die OH-Gruppen der Komponente I2 ethoxyliert. Es sind jedoch nicht mehr als 5, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 2, Ethylenoxideinheiten pro OH-Gruppe vorhanden.In one embodiment, the OH groups of component I 2 are ethoxylated. However, there are not more than 5, preferably not more than 2, ethylene oxide units per OH group.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst die Komponente I2 einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 10 - 18 C-Atomen, bevorzugt 10 - 14 C-Atomen.
In noch einer weiteren Ausführung umfasst der hydrophile Rest der Komponente I2 1,5-3 OH-Gruppen.In a further embodiment, the component I 2 comprises a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 10 to 18 C atoms, preferably 10 to 14 C atoms. In yet another embodiment the hydrophilic moiety of the component comprises 1.5-3 I 2 OH groups.
Der hydrophile Rest der Komponente I2 ist in einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform nicht ethoxyliert.The hydrophilic moiety of component I 2 is not ethoxylated in an additional embodiment.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die Komponente I2 ein Sorbitanester, wie z. B. Sorbitanmonolaurat oder Sorbitanmonopalmitat, Polysorbat, wie z. B. Polysorbate 61 (POE(4)sorbitanmonostearat), Glycerinmonoester, Gemisch aus Glycerinmonoester und Glycerindiester, ein Monoester oder Diester von Pentaerythrit, ein Monoether oder Diether von Pentaerythrit, 1,2-Decandiol oder 1,2-Dodecandiol.In one embodiment, the component I 2 is a sorbitan ester, such as. B. sorbitan monolaurate or sorbitan monopalmitate, polysorbate, such as. Polysorbate 61 (POE (4) sorbitan monostearate), glycerol monoester, mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester, a monoester or diester of pentaerythritol, a monoether or diether of pentaerythritol, 1,2-decanediol or 1,2-dodecanediol.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi an mindestens einem Kettenende einer wasserlöslichen Einheit angeordnet.In a further embodiment, the at least one hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is arranged on at least one chain end of a water-soluble unit.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform ist die mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi ein nichtterminaler Substituent einer wasserlöslichen Einheit.In an additional embodiment, the at least one hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a non-terminal substituent of a water-soluble moiety.
In einer bestimmten Ausführungsform ist die mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi zwischen mindestens zwei wasserlöslichen Einheiten angeordnet, falls mehr als mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit vorhanden ist.In a particular embodiment, the at least one hydrophobic moiety of the Hi component is disposed between at least two water-soluble moieties if more than at least one water-soluble moiety is present.
Das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht der wasserlöslichen Blöcke A und der hydrophoben Blöcke B des Diblockcopolymers oder eines Triblockcopolymers der Komponente H3 gemäß Patentanspruch 1 liegt bei einer Ausführungsform zwischen 500 und 100000 g/mol, insbesondere zwischen 2000 und 20000 g/mol und besonders zwischen 3000 und 10000 g/mol.
In einer Ausführungsform liegt das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht jeder hydrophoben Einheit der Komponente Hi zwischen 80 und 1000 g/mol, insbesondere zwischen 110 und 500 g/mol und besonders zwischen 110 und 280 g/mol.The number-average molecular weight of the water-soluble blocks A and the hydrophobic blocks B of the diblock copolymer or a triblock copolymer of the component H 3 according to claim 1 in one embodiment is between 500 and 100,000 g / mol, in particular between 2000 and 20,000 g / mol and especially between 3000 and 10,000 g / mol. In one embodiment, the number average molecular weight of each hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is between 80 and 1000 g / mol, in particular between 110 and 500 g / mol and especially between 110 and 280 g / mol.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform beträgt das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht jeder wasserlöslichen Einheit der Komponente Hi mindestens 500 g/mol; die Obergrenze des zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichts ist vom Anwendungsgebiet abhängig. Typischerweise beträgt das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht zwischen 500 und 50000 g/mol, insbesondere zwischen 900 und 20000 g/mol und besonders zwischen 2000 und 20000 g/mol oder 3000 und 10000 g/mol.In an additional embodiment, the number average molecular weight of each water-soluble moiety of the Hi component is at least 500 g / mol; the upper limit of the number average molecular weight depends on the field of application. Typically, the number average molecular weight is between 500 and 50,000 g / mol, in particular between 900 and 20,000 g / mol and especially between 2,000 and 20,000 g / mol or 3,000 and 10,000 g / mol.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht aller wasserlöslichen Einheiten der Komponente II mindestens 5 mal größer als das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht der hydrophilen Anteile der Komponente I.In a further embodiment, the number-average molecular weight of all water-soluble units of component II is at least 5 times greater than the number-average molecular weight of the hydrophilic portions of component I.
In noch einer Ausführungsform ist das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht aller wasserlöslichen Einheiten der Komponente II mindestens 10 mal größer als das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht der hydrophilen Anteile der Komponente I.In yet another embodiment, the number average molecular weight of all water soluble units of component II is at least 10 times greater than the number average molecular weight of the hydrophilic portions of component I.
In einer Ausführungsform umfasst die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II mindestens eines dieser Moleküle: Polyethylenoxid, Polyethylenglykol, Copolymerisate aus Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid, Polyacrolein, Polyvinylalkohol und dessen wasserlösliche Derivate, Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Polyvinylpyridin, Polymethacrylsäure, Polymaleinsäureanhydrid, Polyameisensäure, Polyacrylsäure, Polystyrolsulfonsäure und deren wasserlösliche Salze.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform ist die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente Hi ein lineares Polymer.In one embodiment, the water-soluble moiety of component II comprises at least one of these molecules: polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, polyacrolein, polyvinyl alcohol and its water-soluble derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, polymethacrylic acid, polymaleic anhydride, polyformic acid, polyacrylic acid, polystyrenesulfonic acid and their water-soluble salts , In an additional embodiment, the water-soluble moiety of the Hi component is a linear polymer.
Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch charakterisiert, dass die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II nicht ionisch ist.An embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the water-soluble moiety of component II is non-ionic.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II ionisch sein.In another embodiment of the invention, the water-soluble moiety of component II may be ionic.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführungsform weist die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II mindestens zwei elektrische Ladungen auf.In an additional embodiment, the water-soluble moiety of component II has at least two electrical charges.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform setzt sich die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II aus einem ionischen und einem nichtionischen Bestandteil zusammen.In a further embodiment, the water-soluble moiety of component II is composed of an ionic and a nonionic constituent.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest.In one embodiment, the hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform umfasst der Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere der Alkylrest 6 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatome, vorzugsweise 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome.In a further embodiment, the hydrocarbon radical, in particular the alkyl radical, comprises 6 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
Die hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente II ist in einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung ungesättigt.The hydrophobic moiety of component II is unsaturated in one embodiment of the invention.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausführung ist die Komponente Hi ein Alkoholethoxylat bestehend aus einem einwertigem Alkohol mit 8-20 C-Atomen und 25-500 Ethylenoxideinheiten.In an additional embodiment, the component Hi is an alcohol ethoxylate consisting of a monohydric alcohol having 8-20 C atoms and 25-500 ethylene oxide units.
In einer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung weisen die Alkylpolyglucoside der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen
Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen oder 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen auf; die Komponente I2 umfasst Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere 1-2 Alkylreste, bevorzugt 1 bis 1,5 Alkylreste, mit jeweils 8-20 C-Atomen und einen hydrophilen Rest, der mehr als eine, jedoch maximal 5 OH-Gruppen trägt.In one embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and one Hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C-atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms on; the component I 2 comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, preferably 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups.
In einer zusätzlichen Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung weisen die Alkylpolyglucoside der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen oder 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen auf; die Komponente I2 ist ein Sorbitanester, ein Polysorbat, ein Glycerinmonoester, ein Gemisch aus Glycerinmonoester und Glycerindiester, ein Monoester oder Diester von Pentaerythrit, ein Monoether oder Diether von Pentaerythrit, 1,2-Decandiol oder 1,2-Dodecandiol.In an additional embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on; component I 2 is a sorbitan ester, a polysorbate, a glycerol monoester, a mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester, a monoester or diester of pentaerythritol, a monoether or diether of pentaerythritol, 1,2-decanediol or 1,2-dodecanediol.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung weisen die Alkylpolyglucoside der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen oder 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen auf; die Komponente I2 umfasst Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere 1-2 Alkylreste, oder 1 bis 1,5 Alkylreste, mit jeweils 8-20 C-Atomen und einen hydrophilen Rest, der mehr als eine, jedoch maximal 5 OH-Gruppen trägt; die mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi ist an mindestens einem Kettenende einer wasserlöslichen Einheit angeordnet.In a further embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on; the component I 2 comprises hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, or 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 C atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups; the at least one hydrophobic unit of the component Hi is arranged on at least one chain end of a water-soluble unit.
In noch einer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung weisen die Alkylpolyglucoside der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen oder 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen auf; die Komponente I2 umfasst
Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere 1-2 Alkylreste, oder 1 bis 1,5 Alkylreste, mit jeweils 8-20 C-Atomen und einen hydrophilen Rest, der mehr als eine, jedoch maximal 5 OH-Gruppen trägt; ferner liegt entweder das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht jeder hydrophoben Einheit der Komponente Hi zwischen 80 und 1000 g/mol, insbesondere zwischen 110 und 500 g/mol und besonders zwischen 110 und 280 g/mol, oder die hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi ist ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest, welcher insbesondere 6 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatome, besonders 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome umfasst, oder die Komponente II ist ein Alkoholethoxylat, welches aus einem einwertigem Alkohol mit 8-20 C-Atomen und 25-500 Ethylenoxideinheiten besteht.In yet another embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, the alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii have 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C Atoms on; comprising component I 2 Hydrocarbon radicals, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, or 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 C atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups; Furthermore, either the number average molecular weight of each hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is between 80 and 1000 g / mol, in particular between 110 and 500 g / mol and especially between 110 and 280 g / mol, or the hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical which in particular comprises 6 to 50 carbon atoms, especially 8 to 20 carbon atoms, or the component II is an alcohol ethoxylate which consists of a monohydric alcohol having 8-20 C atoms and 25-500 ethylene oxide units.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung umfasst Komponente Ii Alkylglucoside mit 6-8 C-Atomen (z. B. Hexyl- und Octylglucoside) und Sulfonate (Di-, PoIy-, Alkylarylsulfonate wie z. B. Natriumcumolsulfonat, welche eine hydrotope Wirkung zeigen. Eine zusätzliche Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung kann sog. „Builder" (z. B. Natriumphosphate, Natriumcarbonate, Natriumsilikate, Polyphosphate, Phosphonsäuren, Natriumgluconate, Borate, Polycarboxylate, EDTA etc.) umfassen.In another embodiment of the mixture according to the invention, component Ii comprises alkyl glucosides having 6-8 C atoms (eg hexyl and octyl glucosides) and sulfonates (di-, poly-, alkylaryl sulfonates such as, for example, sodium cumene sulfonate, which have a hydrotopic action An additional embodiment of the mixture according to the invention may comprise so-called "builders" (for example sodium phosphates, sodium carbonates, sodium silicates, polyphosphates, phosphonic acids, sodium gluconates, borates, polycarboxylates, EDTA etc.).
Builder (Gerüststoffe, Aufbaustoffe) sind Komplexbildner, die Erdalkalimetalle in der Emulsion binden und diese somit stabilisieren.Builders (builders, builders) are complexing agents that bind alkaline earth metals in the emulsion and thus stabilize them.
Eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung kann sog. „Booster" als Schaumbildner, die die Reinigungswirkung steigern, und/oderA further embodiment of the mixture according to the invention can be so-called "boosters" as foaming agents which increase the cleaning action, and / or
Benetzer enthalten (z. B. Alkylpolyglucoside, Phosphonsäuren, Glykolether aufWetting agents contain (for example, alkyl polyglucosides, phosphonic acids, glycol ethers
Basis von Ethylenglykol- und Propylenglykoleinheiten, wie z. B.Base of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol units, such as. B.
Diethylenglykolmonobutylether, und AOT (Natriumsalz von 1,4-Bis(2- ethylhexyl)-sulfosuccinat)). Bei Benetzern handelt es sich dabei um Tenside, die zu einer Verstärkung derDiethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and AOT (sodium salt of 1,4-bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate)). In the case of wetting agents, these are surfactants which enhance the
Reinigungswirkung und Stabilisierung der Mikroemulsion beitragen können und keine Schaumbildner sind .
Sowohl die erfindungsgemäße Mischung, als auch die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion sind zur Verwendung in einem Reiniger einsetzbar. Dieser umfasst in einer Ausführungsform eine Mikroemulsion oder bikontinuierliche Mikroemulsion.Cleaning effect and stabilization of the microemulsion can contribute and are not foaming agents. Both the mixture according to the invention and the emulsion according to the invention can be used for use in a cleaner. In one embodiment, this comprises a microemulsion or bicontinuous microemulsion.
In noch einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigers beträgt die Gesamttensidkonzentration weniger als 15%, insbesondere weniger als 12, oder 9%, oder 7%. Dieser sehr geringe Gesamttensidgehalt (Gehalt an grenzflächenaktiven Stoffen) ermöglicht je nach Anwendungsgebiet die Herstellung von Produkten, die keiner Kennzeichnungspflicht hinsichtlich ihres Tensidgehalts unterliegen.In yet another embodiment of the cleaner according to the invention, the total surfactant concentration is less than 15%, in particular less than 12, or 9%, or 7%. This very low total surfactant content (content of surfactants) allows, depending on the field of application, the production of products that are not subject to labeling with regard to their surfactant content.
Der erfindungsgemäße Reiniger ist als Ersatz von organischen Lösungsmitteln besonders geeignet. Dies hat eine Reduktion der eingesetzten Menge organischer Lösungsmittel bis hin zum Verzicht auf aromatische Lösungsmittel zur Folge, welches vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf Arbeitsschutz und Umweltschutz ist. Außerdem weisen sowohl erfindungsgemäße Reiniger wie die darin befindlichen erfindungsgemäßen Mikroemulsionen erhöhte Flammpunkte gegenüber den darin enthaltenen organischen Phasen auf.The cleaner according to the invention is particularly suitable as a replacement of organic solvents. This results in a reduction of the amount of organic solvent used up to the abandonment of aromatic solvents result, which is advantageous in terms of occupational safety and environmental protection. In addition, both cleaners according to the invention and the microemulsions according to the invention contained therein have increased flash points compared to the organic phases contained therein.
Ferner ist die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigers zum Abreinigen von Farben, insbesondere von angetrockneten oder trockenen Farben, Lacken und teerartigen Verbindungen und Klebstoffen, als Allzweckreiniger und Neutralreiniger im Haushalt, in der Industrie und gewerblichen Bereich möglich.Furthermore, the use of the cleaner according to the invention for cleaning colors, especially dried or dry paints, varnishes and tarry compounds and adhesives, as a general purpose cleaner and neutral detergent in the household, in the industry and the commercial sector is possible.
Eine Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigers ist auch beim Abreinigen von Farben und Lacken auf wässriger und organischer Basis empfehlenswert, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Pinseln.
Der erfindungsgemäße Reiniger kann ferner zum Abreinigen von Farben, Lacken, Öl und/oder salzartigen Rückständen von Metall- und/oder Kunststoffoberflächen verwendet werden.A use of the cleaner according to the invention is also recommended when cleaning paints and varnishes on an aqueous and organic basis, in particular for cleaning brushes. The cleaner according to the invention can also be used for cleaning paints, varnishes, oil and / or salt-like residues of metal and / or plastic surfaces.
Eine Verwendung empfiehlt sich für empfindliche Oberflächen, insbesondere solche die von organischen Lösungsmitteln oder sauren oder alkalischen Reinigern angegriffen werden, wie z. B. Aluminiumoberflächen. Der erfindungsgemäße Reiniger könnte somit beispielsweise organische Reinigungsmittel in vielen Anwendungsbereichen ersetzen.A use is recommended for sensitive surfaces, especially those that are attacked by organic solvents or acidic or alkaline cleaners, such. B. aluminum surfaces. The cleaner according to the invention could thus replace, for example, organic cleaning agents in many areas of application.
Der erfindungsgemäße Reiniger kann vorteilhaft in der Druckindustrie, insbesondere zum Entfernen von Druckfarben und Papierstaubaufbau von Druckmaschinen und Druckformen verwendet werden. Er eignet sich zum Beispiel zur Entfernung von Druckfarben auf Wasser- oder Ölbasis und von durch Strahlung aushärtende Druckfarbe. Ferner findet der Reiniger Anwendung beim Reinigen von Druckzylindern, Druckwalzen und Oberflächen von Druckmaschinen, bevorzugt zum Reinigen von Druckmaschinen zum konventionellen Drucken, sowie von Druckformen zum Beispiel bei Unterbrechung des Druckvorgangs und bei Non-Impact-Druckverfahren. Zu den konventionellen Druckverfahren mit Druckformen, bei denen der Reiniger eingesetzt werden kann, zählt das Flachdruckverfahren, der Tiefdruck, der Hochdruck, der Flexodruck und der Siebdruck; besonders hervorzuheben ist der Offset- und der wasserlose Offsetdruck. Zu den Non-Impact Druckverfahren ohne Druckform zählen die Elektrophotographie, Ionographie, Magnetographie, Ink Jet- und Thermographie.The cleaner according to the invention can be advantageously used in the printing industry, in particular for removing printing inks and paper dust build-up of printing presses and printing plates. It is suitable, for example, for removing water-based or oil-based printing inks and radiation-curing printing ink. Furthermore, the cleaner finds application in the cleaning of printing cylinders, pressure rollers and surfaces of printing machines, preferably for cleaning of printing machines for conventional printing, as well as printing plates, for example, when interrupting the printing process and non-impact printing method. Conventional printing methods in which the cleaner can be used include planographic printing, gravure printing, letterpress printing, flexographic printing, and screen printing; Of particular note is offset and waterless offset printing. Non-impact printing methods without printing form include electrophotography, ionography, magnetography, ink jet and thermography.
Für die aufgeführten Reinigungszwecke, insbesondere im Offsetdruck, fallen im regulären Produktionsbetrieb kontinuierlich Reinigungsarbeiten an. Diese werden entweder durch manuelle Reinigung oder unter Einsatz automatischer Reinigungsanlagen ausgeführt. Die eingesetzten Reiniger umfassen organische Lösungsmittel. Vor längeren Produktionsunterbrechungen (z. B. Wochenende) werden die farbführenden Teile der Maschine mit Hilfe von Lösungsmitteln
gereinigt. Zudem müssen Druckformen, besonders Flachdruckformen, bei einer Unterbrechung des Druckprozesses sorgfältig von Farbrückständen befreit werden. Neben den Gummituchwaschanlagen sind neuere Druckanlagen teilweise auch mit Farbwerk-Wascheinrichtungen ausgestattet. Ansonsten wird manuell mit Hilfe von Putztüchern gereinigt. Im Rahmen von Instandhaltungs- und Wartungsarbeiten werden periodisch auch die Wischwassersysteme der Druckanlagen entleert und gereinigt.For the listed cleaning purposes, especially in offset printing, cleaning operations are carried out in regular production operation. These are carried out either by manual cleaning or by using automatic cleaning systems. The cleaners used include organic solvents. Before prolonged production interruptions (eg weekends), the ink-bearing parts of the machine with the help of solvents cleaned. In addition, printing forms, especially planographic printing forms, must be carefully freed from ink residues when the printing process is interrupted. In addition to the blanket washing systems, some of the newer printing systems are also equipped with inking unit washing facilities. Otherwise it is cleaned manually with the help of cleaning cloths. As part of maintenance and service work, the wiper water systems of the pressure equipment are periodically emptied and cleaned.
Bei der manuellen Reinigung wird das Waschmittel bei Gummitüchern mit einem Putzlappen aufgetragen. Für die Farbwalzen erfolgt der Auftrag mit einer Spritzflasche. Die im Reiniger enthaltene erfindungsgemäße Mischung löst die Farbe an und kann dann vom Gummituch bzw. den Farbwalzen entfernt werden. Bei der manuellen Reinigung des Gummituchzylinders erfolgt die Auftragung des Reinigers mittels eines Putzlappens auf die Oberfläche des Gummituches. Unter leichtem Druck wird der reinigungsmittelhaltige Film, der z. B. angelöste Farbreste und Papierbestandteile enthält, mit einem Putztuch abgewaschen. Probleme verursachen oft Rückstände von Farbpigmenten,For manual cleaning, the detergent is applied to rubber blankets with a cloth. For the ink rollers, the order is carried out with a spray bottle. The mixture according to the invention contained in the cleaner dissolves the paint and can then be removed from the blanket or the inking rollers. During manual cleaning of the blanket cylinder, the cleaner is applied to the surface of the blanket by means of a rag. Under light pressure of the cleaner-containing film, the z. B. loosened paint residues and paper components, washed off with a cleaning cloth. Problems often cause residues of color pigments,
Papierstrich, Kalziumcarbonat und andere Mineralien in den Poren derPaper coating, calcium carbonate and other minerals in the pores of the
Farbwalze. Sie führen zum „Blanklaufen" der Farbwalzen und zum „Blindlaufen" der Druckplatten. Mit konventionellen Tensidmischungen lassen sich solche Rückstände nicht entfernen.Ink roller. They lead to "run-flat" of the ink rollers and "blind run" of the printing plates. With conventional surfactant mixtures such residues can not be removed.
Im Offsetdruck sind je nach Betriebszustand und Anforderungen bei Auftragswechsel Farbwerk, Druckplatte, Gummituch auf dem Gummizylinder und der Gegendruckzylinder zu reinigen. Zur Reinigung des Farbwerks und der Zylinderoberflächen stehen automatische Waschanlagen zur Verfügung, die sich in der Art ihrer technischen Ausführung unterscheiden. Bei einer Bürstenwascheinrichtung erfolgt die Reinigung mit Hilfe einer Bürstenwalze. Über diese wird zugeführte Reinigungsflüssigkeit an die zu reinigende Oberfläche (Gummi-, Gegendruckzylinder und Farbwerk) übertragen. Das Tuch der Tuchwascheinrichtung wird fein dosiert über z. B. Düsenleisten mit
Reinigungsflüssigkeit versorgt. Das Reinigungstuch liegt angepresst auf der zu reinigende Oberfläche (Gummi-, Gegendruckzylinder und Farbwerk).In offset printing, the inking unit, printing plate, rubber blanket on the blanket cylinder and the impression cylinder are to be cleaned depending on the operating status and requirements when changing jobs. For cleaning the inking unit and the cylinder surfaces are available automatic washing systems, which differ in the nature of their technical design. In a brush washer, the cleaning is done by means of a brush roller. About this supplied cleaning fluid is transferred to the surface to be cleaned (rubber, impression cylinder and inking unit). The cloth of the cloth washing device is finely dosed over z. B. nozzle strips with Supplied cleaning fluid. The cleaning cloth is pressed against the surface to be cleaned (rubber, impression cylinder and inking unit).
Im Bezug auf die Situation bei Andruck bzw. Fortdruck in einem Rollenoffsetbetrieb kann der Einsatz wässriger Reiniger bei Kontakt mit der eingezogenen Papierbahn aufgrund der Durchfeuchtung des Bedruckstoffes Papier zu Papierbahnrissen führen. Dies gilt es insbesondere für den Einsatz in automatischen Reinigungsanlagen zu beachten.With regard to the situation with proof pressure or continuous printing in a web offset operation, the use of aqueous cleaner in contact with the drawn-in paper web can lead to paper web breaks due to the moisture penetration of the printing stock. This is especially important for use in automatic cleaning systems.
Der erfindungsgemäße Reiniger weist mit seinem wässrigen Anteil den Vorteil auf, dass bei der Reinigung der Papierstaub mitentfernt wird, ohne jedoch zu den im vorherigen Absatz aufgeführten Problem eines Papierbahnrisses zu führen.With its aqueous content, the cleaner according to the invention has the advantage that the paper dust is also removed during the cleaning without, however, leading to the problem of a paper web tear listed in the preceding paragraph.
Bei auftretenden Druckproblemen und zur Sicherstellung einer gleichmäßigen Produktqualität werden Zwischenreinigungen der farbübertragenden Gummitücher durchgeführt. Dazu werden automatische Reinigungsanlagen eingesetzt. Etwa 80% der Heatset-Maschinen in Deutschland sind mit automatischen (Gummituch)-Waschanlagen ausgestattet. Je nach Auftragungsart arbeiten 55% mit Tuchbahnen, 30-35% mit Bürstensystemen und 10-15% mit Sprühsystemen. Ansonsten erfolgt die Reinigung manuell. Etwa 90% der im Heatsetdruck eingesetzten Reiniger sind derzeit flüchtige organische Verbindungen (Dampfdruck > 0,01 kPa/20 0C), die übrigen 10% sind höher siedende Reinigungsmittel auf Mineralöl- oder Pflanzenölbasis bzw. Mischungen daraus.If printing problems occur and to ensure uniform product quality, intermediate cleaning of the color-transferring blankets is carried out. For this purpose, automatic cleaning systems are used. About 80% of the heatset machines in Germany are equipped with automatic (blanket) washers. Depending on the type of application, 55% work with fabric webs, 30-35% with brush systems and 10-15% with spray systems. Otherwise, the cleaning is done manually. About 90% of the cleaners used in heatset pressure are currently volatile organic compounds (vapor pressure> 0.01 kPa / 20 0 C), the remaining 10% are higher-boiling detergents based on mineral oil or vegetable oil or mixtures thereof.
Die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion kann ferner in der Lebensmittel-, der Pharma- oder chemischen Industrie eingesetzt werden.The emulsion according to the invention can also be used in the food, pharmaceutical or chemical industries.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist ein Kosmetikartikel, welcher die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion umfasst.
Außerdem eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Emulsion zur Herstellung eines Lebensmittels, Pestizids, insbesondere Herbizids, oder Arzneimittels.A further subject of this invention is a cosmetic article comprising the emulsion according to the invention. In addition, the emulsion according to the invention is suitable for the preparation of a food, pesticide, in particular herbicide, or medicament.
Schließlich ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Emulsion, wobei die Komponenten Ii, I2 und II gemischt werden, Gegenstand dieserFinally, a process for the preparation of the emulsion according to the invention, wherein the components Ii, I 2 and II are mixed, the subject of this
Erfindung . Die Bestandteile der Mikroemulsionsgemische können dabei in jederInvention. The components of the microemulsion mixtures can be used in each
Reihenfolge gemischt werden. Bevorzugt werden die gut wasserlöslichenOrder to be mixed. Preference is given to the readily water-soluble
Bestandteile in Wasser vorgelöst und die gut öllöslichen Bestandteile in Öl vorgelöst. Starkes Rühren und gegebenenfalls Erwärmen beschleunigt den Mischungsvorgang.Pre-dissolved constituents in water and pre-dissolved the oil-soluble components in oil. Strong stirring and optionally heating accelerates the mixing process.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Beispiele näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples.
BeispieleExamples
Das verwendete Trinkwasser zeichnet sich durch folgende Charakteristika aus: pH = 8,0; Natrium 14 mg/mL; Kalium 2,7 mg/mL; Calcium 60mg/ml_; Magnesium 14 mg/mL; Nitrat 34,9 mg/mL; Chlorid 46,1 mg/mL.The drinking water used has the following characteristics: pH = 8.0; Sodium 14 mg / mL; Potassium 2.7 mg / mL; Calcium 60mg / ml_; Magnesium 14 mg / mL; Nitrate 34.9 mg / mL; Chloride 46.1 mg / mL.
Ketrul D85 (Total) ist ein aliphatisches Kohlenwasserstoffgemisch mit einem Flammpunkt von 820C.Ketrul D85 (Total) is an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with a flash point of 82 0 C.
Hydroseal G232H ist ein aliphatisches Kohlenwasserstoffgemisch mit einem Flammpunkt von 1030C.Hydroseal G232H is an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with a flash point of 103 0 C.
Span 20 (Uniqema) : Sorbitanmonolaurat, Wirkstoffgehalt 100%.
Imwitor 928 (Sasol): Glycerylmono-, di- und tricocoat, Wirkstoffgehalt 100%.Span 20 (Uniqema): sorbitan monolaurate, drug content 100%. Imwitor 928 (Sasol): glyceryl mono-, di- and tricocoat, active ingredient content 100%.
Hydropalat 225 (Cognis) : Alkylpolyglucosid mit Alkylkettenlänge C8/io, Wirkstoffgehalt 70%.Hydropalat 225 (Cognis): Alkylpolyglucoside with alkyl chain length C 8 / io, active ingredient content 70%.
Hydropalat 600 (Cognis) : Alkylpolyglucosid mit Alkylkettenlänge Ci2/i4, Wirkstoffgehalt 51,5%.Hydropalat 600 (Cognis): Alkylpolyglucoside with alkyl chain length Ci 2 / i 4 , active ingredient content 51.5%.
AG 6210 (Akzo Nobel): Alkylpolyglucosid mit Alkylkettenlänge C8/io, Wirkstoffgehalt 60%.AG 6210 (Akzo Nobel): alkyl polyglucoside having alkyl chain length of C 8 / io, active ingredient content 60%.
1,2-Decandiol (Aldrich) : Wirkstoffgehalt 98%.1,2-Decanediol (Aldrich): active substance content 98%.
Brij 700 (Uniqema) : PEG-100 Stearylether, Wirkstoffgehalt 100%.Brij 700 (Uniqema): PEG-100 stearyl ether, drug content 100%.
C12E190 und C12E480 sind Alkoholethoxylate, bestehend aus n-Dodekanol auf das 190 bzw. 480 Ethylenoxideinheiten aufpolymerisiert sind.C12E190 and C12E480 are alcohol ethoxylates consisting of n-dodecanol on which 190 or 480 ethylene oxide units have been grafted on.
Natriumgluconat (Dr. Paul Lohmann): Natriumgluconat, Wirkstoffgehalt 100%.Sodium gluconate (Dr. Paul Lohmann): Sodium gluconate, active ingredient content 100%.
DME (Clariant), Dipropylenglykoldimethylether, Wirkstoffgehalt 100%.DME (Clariant), dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, content of active substance 100%.
Zusolat 1004 (Zschimmer & Schwarz) : Fettalkoholethoxylat mit 5EO, Wirkstoffgehalt 85%.Zusolat 1004 (Zschimmer & Schwarz): fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 5EO, active ingredient content 85%.
Die Temperaturstabilität der Mikroemulsionen wurde in einem thermostatisierten Wasserbad durch visuelle Begutachtung im Durchlicht bestimmt. Dazu wurden die Gemische in geschlossenen, zylinderförmigen Glasgefäßen von ca. 5-15 mm Durchmesser untersucht, bei hoher Trübheit der Mikroemulsionen wurden Küvetten von 1 mm Schichtdicke verwendet. Die Temperatur-Phasengrenzen des einphasigen Mikroemulsionsbereichs konnten
aufgrund der drastisch ansteigenden Trübheit bei Über- oder Unterschreiten des Stabilitätsfensters erkannt werden. Lamellare Phasen wurden mit Hilfe von gekreuzten Polarisatoren bestimmt. In den für die Beispiele angegebenen Stabilitätsbereichen liegen grundsätzlich einphasige Mikroemulsionen vor, die keine lamellare Phasen beinhalten.The temperature stability of the microemulsions was determined in a thermostated water bath by visual inspection in transmitted light. For this purpose, the mixtures were investigated in closed, cylindrical glass vessels of about 5-15 mm in diameter, at high turbidity of the microemulsions cuvettes were used of 1 mm layer thickness. The temperature phase boundaries of the single-phase microemulsion region could due to the drastically increasing turbidity when exceeding or falling below the stability window. Lamellar phases were determined by crossed polarizers. In the stability ranges given for the examples, there are basically single-phase microemulsions which do not contain any lamellar phases.
Die Gesamttensidgehalte beziehen sich auf die Wirkstoffanteile der tensidischen Komponenten sowie des polymeren Additivs. Alle Prozentangaben beziehen sich auf das Gewicht der Inhaltsstoffe.The total surfactant contents relate to the active substance proportions of the surfactant components and of the polymeric additive. All percentages are based on the weight of the ingredients.
Beispiel 1example 1
Trinkwasser: 39,81 %Drinking water: 39.81%
Natriumtripolyphosphat: 1,23 % Ketrul D85: 47,52 %Sodium tripolyphosphate: 1.23% Ketrul D85: 47.52%
Butyldiglycol : 1,90 %Butyl diglycol: 1.90%
Span 20: 5,63 %Span 20: 5.63%
Hydropalat 225: 3,05 %Hydropalate 225: 3.05%
Brij 700: 0,86 %Brij 700: 0.86%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 11 und 28 0C,The stability range of the microemulsion is between 11 and 28 0 C,
Gesamttensidgehalt 8,6 %.Total surfactant content 8.6%.
Beispiel 2Example 2
Trinkwasser: 46,45 %Drinking water: 46.45%
Hydroseal G232H : 42,38 %Hydroseal G232H: 42.38%
Span 20: 4,88 %Span 20: 4,88%
AG 6210: 5,39 % Brij 700: 0,90 %
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 0 und 52 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 9,0 %.AG 6210: 5.39% Brij 700: 0.90% The stability range of the microemulsion is between 0 and 52 0 C, total surfactant content 9.0%.
Beispiel 3Example 3
Trinkwasser: 37,60 % Ketrul D85: 49,98 % Imwitor 928: 5,41% AG 6210: 6,01% Brij 700: 1,00 %Drinking water: 37,60% Ketrul D85: 49,98% Imwitor 928: 5,41% AG 6210: 6,01% Brij 700: 1,00%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 43 und 71 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 10,0 %.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 43 and 71 0 C, total surfactant content 10.0%.
Beispiel 4Example 4
Trinkwasser: 38,99 % Ketrul D85: 51,07 % Imwitor 928: 4,33% AG 6210: 4,81% Brij 700: 0,80 %Drinking water: 38.99% Ketrul D85: 51.07% Imwitor 928: 4.33% AG 6210: 4.81% Brij 700: 0.80%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 44 und 72 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 8,0 %.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 44 and 72 0 C, total surfactant content 8.0%.
Beispiel 5Example 5
Trinkwasser: 43,84 % Ketrul D85: 48,41% Imwitor 928: 3,22%
AG 6210 : 3,94 % C12E190 : 0,59 %Drinking water: 43.84% Ketrul D85: 48.41% Imwitor 928: 3.22% AG 6210: 3.94% C12E190: 0.59%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 15 und 75 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 6,2 %.The range of stability of the microemulsion is 6.2% between 15 and 75 0 C, total surfactant.
Beispiel 6Example 6
Trinkwasser: 43,73 % Ketrul D85: 48,47% Imwitor 928: 3,24% AG 6210: 3,97 % C12E480: 0,59 %Drinking water: 43.73% Ketrul D85: 48.47% Imwitor 928: 3.24% AG 6210: 3.97% C12E480: 0.59%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 11 und 70 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 6,2 %.The range of stability of the microemulsion is 6.2% 11-70 0 C, total surfactant.
Beispiel 7Example 7
Trinkwasser: 39,71 %Drinking water: 39.71%
Natriumtripolyphosphat: 1,26 %Sodium tripolyphosphate: 1.26%
Ketrul D85: 48,85 %Ketrul D85: 48.85%
Butyldiglycol : 1,94 %Butyl diglycol: 1.94%
Span 20: 2,93 % Hydropalat 600: 4,73 %Span 20: 2.93% Hydropalate 600: 4.73%
Brij 700: 0,58 %Brij 700: 0.58%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 13 und 42 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 5,9 %.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 13 and 42 0 C, total surfactant content 5.9%.
Beispiel 8
Trinkwasser: 36,06 % Natriumtripolyphosphat: 1,21 % Ketrul D85: 46,59 % Butyldiglycol : 1,86 % Span 20: 4,25 % Hydropalat 600: 9,04 % Brij 700: 0,99 %Example 8 Drinking water: 36.06% Sodium tripolyphosphate: 1.21% Ketrul D85: 46.59% Butyl diglycol: 1.86% Span 20: 4.25% Hydropalate 600: 9.04% Brij 700: 0.99%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 0 und 26 0C, Gesamttensidgehalt 9,9 %.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 0 and 26 0 C, total surfactant content 9.9%.
Beispiel 9Example 9
Trinkwasser: 49,89 %Drinking water: 49.89%
Ketrul D85: 37,98 %Ketrul D85: 37.98%
1,2-Decandiol : 3,43 %1,2-decanediol: 3.43%
AG 6210: 7,80 %AG 6210: 7.80%
Brij 700: 0,90 %Brij 700: 0,90%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 13 und 33 0C,The stability range of the microemulsion is between 13 and 33 0 C,
Gesamttensidgehalt 9,0 %.Total surfactant content 9.0%.
Beispiel 10Example 10
Die Flammpunkte wurden gemessen mit den Mikroemulsion aus den Beispielen 1 und 7. Die ermittelten Flammpunkte betragen 9O0C und 920C. Der Flammpunkt von Ketrul D 85 beträgt 820C.The flash points were measured with the microemulsion from Examples 1 and 7. The determined flash points are 9O 0 C and 92 0 C. The flash point of Ketrul D 85 is 82 0 C.
Beispiel 11
Trinkwasser: 31,60%, Natriumgluconat: 2,30%, Dipropylenglykol- dimethylether 8,60%, Ketrul D85: 41,70%, Span 20: 7,00%, AG6210: 6,70%, Zusolat 1004: 1,40%, Brij 700: 0,70%Example 11 Drinking water: 31.60%, sodium gluconate: 2.30%, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 8.60%, Ketrul D85: 41.70%, Span 20: 7.00%, AG6210: 6.70%, Zusolat 1004: 1, 40%, Brij 700: 0.70%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 5 und 400C; der Gesamttensidgehalt beträgt 12,9%.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 5 and 40 0 C; the total surfactant content is 12.9%.
Im Rahmen eines vergleichenden Versuchs wurden die Gummitücher einer Rotations-Offsetdruckmaschine mit handelsüblicher Offsetdruckfarbe (Fa. Huber) auf Ölbasis einmal mit einem auf organischem Lösungsmittel basierendem Reiniger (in der Hauptsache aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, Testbenzine) und einmal mit der erfindungsgemäßen Mikroemulsion gereinigt. Die Reinigungsleistung, d. h. die Abreinigung der Druckfarbe, sowie des Papierstaubaufbaus, d. h. die festen Rückstände aus Papierfasern, war im Wesentlichen gleich. Nach der Reinigung waren die Walzen sauberer und trockener als bei Verwendung von organischen Lösungsmitteln als Reinigungsmittel, was eine reduzierte Anfahrmakulatur zur Folge hatte. Bei Verwendung der Mikroemulsion war der Arbeitsaufwand beim manuellen Abreinigen der Gummitüchern geringer.As part of a comparative experiment, the blankets of a rotary offset printing machine with commercial offset printing ink (Huber) were cleaned once with an organic solvent-based cleaner (mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons, white spirit) and once with the microemulsion of the invention. The cleaning performance, d. H. the cleaning of the ink, as well as the paper dust build-up, d. H. the solid residues of paper fibers were essentially the same. After cleaning, the rollers were cleaner and drier than using organic solvents as cleaning agents, resulting in reduced start-up waste. When using the microemulsion, the labor required to manually clean the blankets was lower.
Beispiel 12Example 12
Trinkwasser: 31,60%, Natriumgluconat: 2,30%, Dipropylenglykol- dimethylether 8,60%, Ketrul D85 : 41,70%, Span 20: 7,00%, AG6210 : 6,70%, Zusolat: 1004: 1,40%, Brij 700: 0,70%Drinking water: 31.60%, sodium gluconate: 2.30%, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether 8.60%, Ketrul D85: 41.70%, Span 20: 7.00%, AG6210: 6.70%, Zusolat: 1004: 1 , 40%, Brij 700: 0.70%
Der Stabilitätsbereich der Mikroemulsion liegt zwischen 5 und 400C; der Gesamttensidgehalt beträgt 12,9%.The stability range of the microemulsion is between 5 and 40 0 C; the total surfactant content is 12.9%.
Im Rahmen eines Vergleichsversuchs wurden handelsübliche Pinsel, die mit Lack auf Acrylbasis (Weisslack, Fa. Classic) sowie Lack auf Alkydharzbasis (Buntlack, Fa. Classic) verunreinigt waren, einerseits mit einem
Reinigungsbenzin (Pinselreiniger, Fa. Classic) und andererseits mit der Mikroemulsion gereinigt. In beiden Fällen war die Reinigungsleistung, d. h. die Entfernung der Lackrückstände von den Pinselhaaren, im Wesentlichen gleich. Insbesondere konnten die Reste der Mikroemulsion leicht durch einfaches Abspülen mit Wasser entfernt werden. In der Haptik und der erneuten anschließenden Benetzung zeigte sich kein Unterschied.
In a comparative experiment, commercial brushes that were contaminated with acrylic-based paint (white paint, Fa. Classic) and paint based on alkyd resin (Buntlack, Fa. Classic), on the one hand with a Cleaning spirit (brush cleaner, Fa. Classic) and on the other hand cleaned with the microemulsion. In both cases, the cleaning performance, ie the removal of paint residues from the brush hairs, was substantially the same. In particular, the remnants of the microemulsion could easily be removed by simply rinsing with water. In the feel and the subsequent subsequent wetting showed no difference.
Referenzen :References :
[1] Kahlweit, Strey, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 24, 654 (1985).[1] Kahlweit, Strey, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 24, 654 (1985).
[2] Sottmann, Strey, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8606 (1997). [3] Stubenrauch, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interfacial Science 6, 160[2] Sottmann, Strey, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8606 (1997). [3] Stubenrauch, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interfacial Science 6, 160
(2001).(2001).
[4] Sottmann et al., Langmuir 18, 3058 (2002).[4] Sottmann et al., Langmuir 18, 3058 (2002).
[5] Aramaki et al., J. Colloid Interface Sei. 196, 74 (1997).[5] Aramaki et al., J. Colloid Interface Sei. 196, 74 (1997).
[6] Binks et al., Langmuir 13, 7030 (1997). [7] Silas, Kaier, J. Colloid Interface Sei. 243, 248 (2001).[6] Binks et al., Langmuir 13, 7030 (1997). [7] Silas, Kaier, J. Colloid Interface Sei. 243, 248 (2001).
[8] Kahlweit, Strey, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 24, 654 (1985).[8] Kahlweit, Strey, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 24, 654 (1985).
[9] Sottmann, Strey, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8606 (1997).[9] Sottmann, Strey, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8606 (1997).
[10] Griffin, W. C, Classification of surface active agents by HLB, J. Soc.[10] Griffin, W.C., Classification of surface active agents by HLB, J. Soc.
Cosmet. Chem. 1, 1949. [11] Advanced Materials, 2000, 12, Nr. 23, 1751 ff.
Cosmet. Chem. 1, 1949. [11] Advanced Materials, 2000, 12, No. 23, 1751 et seq.
Claims
1. Mischung umfassend1. Mixture comprising
1.1 Komponente I, umfassend1.1 Component I, comprising
1.1.1 80 - 20 Gew.-% einer ersten tensidischen Komponente Ii, die ein Alkylpolyglucosid ist, umfassend 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest von 6-161.1.1 80-20% by weight of a first surface-active component Ii which is an alkyl polyglucoside comprising 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical of 6-16
C-Atomen,C-atoms,
1.1.2 20 - 80 Gew.-% einer Komponente I2, die ein Alkoholgruppen enthaltendes zweites Tensid ausgenommen ein Alkylpolyglucosid ist, wobei sich die Gewichtsanteile nur auf die Komponente I beziehen, und1.1.2 20-80% by weight of a component I 2 which is an alcohol-containing second surfactant other than an alkylpolyglucoside, the parts by weight relating to component I only, and
1.2 polymeres Additiv als Komponente II, wobei1.2 polymeric additive as component II, wherein
1.2.1 das polymere Additiv als Komponente Hi mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei das Verhältnis der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller wasserlöslichen Einheiten und der zahlenmittleren Molekulargewichte aller hydrophoben Einheiten 2 : 1 bis 1000 : 1, insbesondere 5 : 1 bis 200: 1 und besonders 10: 1 bis 50: 1 beträgt und wobei jede mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit ein zahlenmittleres1.2.1 the polymeric additive comprises Hi at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, wherein the ratio of the number average molecular weights of all water-soluble units and the number average molecular weights of all hydrophobic units 2: 1 to 1000: 1, in particular 5: 1 to 200 : 1 and especially 10: 1 to 50: 1 and wherein each at least one hydrophobic moiety is a number average
Molekulargewicht von maximal 1000 g/mol besitzt, oderHas a molecular weight of at most 1000 g / mol, or
1.2.2 das polymere Additiv als Komponente H2 mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei es ein amphiphiles Kammpolymer ist, welches ein1.2.2 as component H 2 includes the polymeric additive is at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic moiety, and it is an amphiphilic comb polymer which is a
Rückgrat mit am Rückgrat angebrachten zwei oder mehreren Seitenketten umfasst, wobei sich die Seitenketten untereinander
und/oder die Seitenketten vom Rückgrat in ihrem amphiphilen Charakter unterscheiden, oderBackbone with attached on the backbone two or more side chains, wherein the side chains with each other and / or distinguish the side chains from the backbone in their amphiphilic character, or
1.2.3 das polymere Additiv als Komponente H3 mindestens eine wasserlösliche Einheit und mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit umfasst, wobei Komponente H3 ein AB-Diblockcopolymer oder ein ABA- bzw. BAB-Triblockcoplymer mit wasserlöslichen Blöcken A und hydrophoben Blöcken B ist.1.2.3 the polymeric additive comprises, as component H 3, at least one water-soluble unit and at least one hydrophobic unit, wherein component H 3 is an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA or BAB triblock copolymer with water-soluble blocks A and hydrophobic blocks B.
2. Emulsion erhältlich durch Verdünnen der Mischung gemäß Anspruch 1 mit wässriger Lösung und öliger Phase.2. Emulsion obtainable by diluting the mixture according to claim 1 with aqueous solution and oily phase.
3. Emulsion gemäß Anspruch 2 mit:3. Emulsion according to claim 2, comprising:
3.1 80-99 Gew.-% Komponente I, insbesondere 85-95 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den gesamten tensidischen Aktivgehalt der Emulsion, umfassend3.1 80-99 wt .-% of component I, in particular 85-95 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion comprising
3.1.1 Komponente Ii gemäß Anspruch 1,3.1.1 Component Ii according to claim 1,
3.1.2 Komponente I2 gemäß Anspruch 1 und 3.2 1-20 Gew.-% polymeres Additiv als Komponente II, insbesondere 5-15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf den gesamten tensidischen Aktivgehalt der Emulsion und 3.3 gegebenenfalls weitere Tenside.3.1.2 Component I 2 according to claim 1 and 3.2 1-20 wt .-% polymeric additive as component II, in particular 5-15 wt .-%, based on the total surfactant active content of the emulsion and 3.3 optionally further surfactants.
4. Emulsion gemäß der Ansprüche 2 und 3, wobei die Komponente I2 4. Emulsion according to claims 2 and 3, wherein the component I 2
Kohlenwasserstoffe, insbesondere 1-2 Alkylreste, vorzugsweise 1 bis 1,5 Alkylreste, mit jeweils 8-20 C-Atomen und einen hydrophilen Rest umfasst, der mehr als eine, jedoch maximal 5 OH-Gruppen trägt.Hydrocarbons, in particular 1-2 alkyl radicals, preferably 1 to 1.5 alkyl radicals, each having 8-20 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic radical which carries more than one, but not more than 5 OH groups.
5. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 - 4, wobei die5. Emulsion according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the
Alkylpolyglucoside der Komponente Ii 1-1,5 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen
oder 1-2 Glucosideinheiten und einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 8-14 C-Atomen aufweisen.Alkylpolyglucosides of the component Ii 1-1.5 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C-atoms or 1-2 glucoside units and a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 8-14 C atoms.
6. Emulsion gemäß Anspruch 4, wobei die Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere die Alkylreste, der Komponente I2 über Ether- oder6. An emulsion according to claim 4, wherein the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals, the component I 2 via ether or
Estergruppen mit dem hydrophilen Rest verbunden sind.Ester groups are connected to the hydrophilic radical.
7. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 und 6, wobei die Kohlenwasserstoffreste, insbesondere die Alkylreste, der Komponente I2 über Kohlenstoffbindungen mit dem hydrophilen Rest verbunden sind.7. An emulsion according to any one of claims 4 and 6, wherein the hydrocarbon radicals, in particular the alkyl radicals of the component I 2 are connected via carbon bonds with the hydrophilic radical.
8. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 - 7, wobei die Komponente I2 mindestens einen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere einen Alkylrest mit 10 - 18 C-Atomen, vorzugsweise mit 10 - 14 C- Atomen umfasst.8. An emulsion according to any one of claims 4-7, wherein the component I 2 comprises at least one hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical having 10 - 18 C-atoms, preferably with 10 - 14 C-atoms.
9. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 - 8, wobei der hydrophile Rest der Komponente I2 1,5-3 OH-Gruppen umfasst.9. An emulsion according to any one of claims 4-8, wherein the hydrophilic moiety of the component I 2 comprises 1.5-3 OH groups.
10. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 4 - 9, wobei der hydrophile Rest der Komponente I2 nicht ethoxyliert ist.10. An emulsion according to any one of claims 4-9, wherein the hydrophilic moiety of the component I 2 is not ethoxylated.
11. Emulsion gemäß Anspruch 3, wobei Komponente I2 ein Sorbitanester,11. An emulsion according to claim 3, wherein component I 2 is a sorbitan ester,
Polysorbat, Glycerinmonoester, Gemisch aus Glycerinmonoester und Glycerindiester, ein Monoester oder Diester von Pentaerythrit, einPolysorbate, glycerol monoester, mixture of glycerol monoester and glycerol diester, a monoester or diester of pentaerythritol
Monoether oder Diether von Pentaerythrit, 1,2-Decandiol oder 1,2-Monoether or diether of pentaerythritol, 1,2-decanediol or 1,2-
Dodecandiol ist.Dodecanediol is.
12. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 11, wobei die mindestens eine hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi an mindestens einem Kettenende einer wasserlöslichen Einheit angeordnet ist.
12. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3 - 11, wherein the at least one hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is arranged on at least one chain end of a water-soluble unit.
13. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 12, wobei das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht der wasserlöslichen Blöcke A und der hydrophoben Blöcke B des Diblockcopolymers oder eines Triblockcopolymers der Komponente H3 gemäß Anspruch 1 zwischen13. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-12, wherein the number average molecular weight of the water-soluble blocks A and the hydrophobic blocks B of the diblock copolymer or a triblock copolymer of the component H 3 according to claim 1 between
500 und 100000 g/mol liegt, insbesondere zwischen 2000 und 20000 g/mol und besonders zwischen 3000 und 10000 g/mol.500 and 100,000 g / mol, in particular between 2000 and 20,000 g / mol and especially between 3000 and 10,000 g / mol.
14. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 13, wobei das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht jeder hydrophoben Einheit der14. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-13, wherein the number average molecular weight of each hydrophobic moiety of the
Komponente Hi zwischen 80 und 1000 g/mol liegt, insbesondere zwischen 110 und 500 g/mol und besonders zwischen 110 und 280 g/mol.Component Hi is between 80 and 1000 g / mol, in particular between 110 and 500 g / mol and especially between 110 and 280 g / mol.
15. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 14, wobei das zahlenmittlere Molekulargewicht jeder wasserlöslichen Einheit der Komponente Hi mindestens 500 g/mol beträgt.15. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-14, wherein the number average molecular weight of each water-soluble unit of the component Hi is at least 500 g / mol.
16. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 15, wobei die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II ein lineares Polymer ist.16. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-15, wherein the water-soluble moiety of component II is a linear polymer.
17. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 16, wobei die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II nicht ionisch ist.17. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-16, wherein the water-soluble moiety of component II is non-ionic.
18. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 17, wobei die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II ionisch ist.18. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-17, wherein the water-soluble moiety of the component II is ionic.
19. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 18, wobei sich die wasserlösliche Einheit der Komponente II aus einem ionischen und einem nichtionischen Bestandteil zusammensetzt.
19. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-18, wherein the water-soluble moiety of component II is composed of an ionic and a nonionic constituent.
20. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 19, wobei die hydrophobe Einheit der Komponente Hi ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere ein Alkylrest, ist.20. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3-19, wherein the hydrophobic moiety of the component Hi is a hydrocarbon radical, in particular an alkyl radical.
21. Emulsion gemäß Anspruch 20, wobei der Kohlenwasserstoffrest, insbesondere der Alkylrest 6 bis 50 Kohlenstoffatome, vorzugsweise 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatome umfasst.21. An emulsion according to claim 20, wherein the hydrocarbon radical, in particular the alkyl radical comprises 6 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
22. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 - 21, wobei die Komponente Hi ein Alkoholethoxylat bestehend aus einem einwertigem22. An emulsion according to any one of claims 3 - 21, wherein the component Hi an alcohol ethoxylate consisting of a monovalent
Alkohol mit 8-20 C-Atomen und 25 - 500 Ethylenoxideinheiten ist.Alcohol having 8-20 C atoms and 25-500 ethylene oxide units.
23. Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 - 22 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Mikroemulsion, insbesonders eine bikontinuierliche Mikroemulsion ist.23. Emulsion according to any one of claims 2 - 22, characterized in that it is a microemulsion, in particular a bicontinuous microemulsion.
24. Reiniger, welcher die Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 - 23 umfasst.24. A cleaner comprising the emulsion according to any one of claims 2 - 23.
25. Reiniger gemäß Anspruch 24 mit einem Gesamttensidgehalt von weniger als 15%, insbesondere weniger als 12% oder 9% oder 7%.25. A cleaner according to claim 24 having a total surfactant content of less than 15%, in particular less than 12% or 9% or 7%.
26. Verwendung des Reinigers gemäß Anspruch 24 oder 25 in der Druckindustrie, vor allem im Offsetdruck, insbesondere zum Entfernen von Druckfarben und von Papierstaubaufbau von Druckmaschinen und26. Use of the cleaner according to claim 24 or 25 in the printing industry, especially in offset printing, in particular for removing printing inks and paper dust build-up of printing presses and
Druckformen, zum Reinigen von Druckzylindern, Druckwalzen und Oberflächen von Druckmaschinen, bevorzugt zum Reinigen von Druckmaschinen zum konventionellen Drucken, sowie von Druckformen bei Unterbrechung des Druckvorgangs.Printing forms, for cleaning printing cylinders, printing rollers and surfaces of printing machines, preferably for cleaning printing presses for conventional printing, as well as printing forms when the printing process is interrupted.
27. Verwendung des Reinigers gemäß Anspruch 24 oder 25 zum Abreinigen von Farben, Lacken, Papierstauaufbau, salzartigen, ölartigen und
teerartigen Verbindungen und Klebstoffen, als Allzweckreiniger und Neutralreiniger im Haushalt, in der Industrie und gewerblichen Bereich.27. Use of the cleaner according to claim 24 or 25 for cleaning paints, varnishes, paper jams, salt-like, oily and tarry compounds and adhesives, as all-purpose cleaners and neutral cleaners in the household, industrial and commercial sectors.
28. Kosmetikartikel, welcher die Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 - 23 umfasst.28. A cosmetic article comprising the emulsion according to any one of claims 2 - 23.
29. Lebensmittel, welches die Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 - 23 umfasst.29. A food comprising the emulsion according to any one of claims 2 - 23.
30. Verfahren zur Herstellung der Emulsion gemäß mindestens einem der30. A process for the preparation of the emulsion according to at least one of
Ansprüche 2 - 23, wobei die Komponenten Ii, I2 und II gemischt werden.Claims 2-23, wherein the components Ii, I2 and II are mixed.
31. Verwendung des Reinigers gemäß Anspruch 24 oder 25 zum Abreinigen von Farben und Lacken auf wässriger und organischer Basis, insbesondere zum Reinigen von Pinseln.31. Use of the cleaner according to claim 24 or 25 for cleaning paints and varnishes on an aqueous and organic basis, in particular for cleaning brushes.
32. Verwendung des Reinigers gemäß Anspruch 24 oder 25 zum Abreinigen von Farben, Lacken, Öl und/oder salzartigen Rückständen von Metall- oder/und Kunststoffoberflächen.
32. Use of the cleaner according to claim 24 or 25 for cleaning paints, varnishes, oil and / or salt-like residues of metal and / or plastic surfaces.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007020426A DE102007020426A1 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Mixture, useful in emulsion for purifier, comprises alkylpolyglucoside having glucoside units and alkyl group, alcohol group containing-cosurfactant and polymer additive comprising water-soluble unit and hydrophobic unit |
| DE102007035388 | 2007-07-26 | ||
| PCT/EP2008/055176 WO2008132202A2 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-04-28 | Mixture comprising an alkyl polyglucoside, a cosurfactant and a polymer additive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2152843A2 true EP2152843A2 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
Family
ID=39790330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08759391A Withdrawn EP2152843A2 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-04-28 | Mixture comprising an alkyl polyglucoside, a cosurfactant and a polymer additive |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20100144898A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2152843A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5647515B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008132202A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005049765A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-19 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Method for increasing the efficiency of surfactants, for widening the temperature window, for suppressing lamellar mesophases in microemulsions by means of additives, and microemulsions |
| US7655082B2 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-02-02 | Sanford, L.P. | Ink compositions containing an emulsion |
| US9109191B2 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2015-08-18 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Emulsion compositions and a method for selecting surfactants |
| DE102012204378A1 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2013-09-26 | Bernd Schwegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Microemulsion-based cleaning agent |
| GB2535131B (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2022-05-04 | Nch Corp | pH neutral deruster composition |
| DE102015011694A1 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2017-03-16 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Microemulsion-based cleaning agent |
| CN109092203A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-28 | 徐州东宁胶业有限公司 | A kind of agitating device of liquid glue |
| CN110627161A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-31 | 佛山市南海区里水镇经济促进局 | Preparation method of multifunctional separation screen |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4120084A1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Henkel Kgaa | USE OF SPECIAL ALKYL GLYCOSIDES AS AUXILIARIES IN TEXTILE PRE-TREATMENT |
| DE4320119A1 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-12-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Liquid crystalline aqueous surfactant preparation |
| FR2712595B1 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-12-22 | Seppic Sa | A concentrate comprising alkyl glycosides and its uses. |
| DE19615271A1 (en) * | 1996-04-18 | 1997-10-23 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Detergent containing detergents in the form of a microemulsion |
| DE19747892A1 (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 1999-05-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Use of alkyl polyglycosides in ink cleaners |
| DE19839054A1 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-02 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Process for increasing the efficiency of surfactants with simultaneous suppression of lamellar mesophases and surfactants to which an additive is added |
| US6407051B1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2002-06-18 | Ecolab Inc. | Microemulsion detergent composition and method for removing hydrophobic soil from an article |
| SE523226C2 (en) * | 2000-05-25 | 2004-04-06 | Akzo Nobel Nv | A microemulsion containing a branched alkyl glycoside |
| DE60327691D1 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2009-07-02 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | DETERGENT WITH BLOCK COPOLYMER |
| JP4603289B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2010-12-22 | 花王株式会社 | Cleaning composition for hard surface |
| FR2867395B1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2006-06-16 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | DRY EMULSION, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME, AND USES THEREOF |
| JP4832036B2 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2011-12-07 | 花王株式会社 | Skin cleanser |
| TWI365075B (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2012-06-01 | Kao Corp | Microemulsion |
| JP2006256963A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Cognis Japan Ltd | Skin detergent composition |
| DE102005049765A1 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-19 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Method for increasing the efficiency of surfactants, for widening the temperature window, for suppressing lamellar mesophases in microemulsions by means of additives, and microemulsions |
-
2008
- 2008-04-28 JP JP2010504723A patent/JP5647515B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-04-28 US US12/451,082 patent/US20100144898A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-04-28 EP EP08759391A patent/EP2152843A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-04-28 WO PCT/EP2008/055176 patent/WO2008132202A2/en active Application Filing
-
2013
- 2013-08-06 US US13/959,970 patent/US20140018277A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008132202A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008132202A2 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
| JP5647515B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
| US20100144898A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| WO2008132202A3 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| JP2010525132A (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| US20140018277A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
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