EP2143809B1 - Mousses métalliques en alliage d'aluminium, leur utilisation et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Mousses métalliques en alliage d'aluminium, leur utilisation et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2143809B1
EP2143809B1 EP09007574A EP09007574A EP2143809B1 EP 2143809 B1 EP2143809 B1 EP 2143809B1 EP 09007574 A EP09007574 A EP 09007574A EP 09007574 A EP09007574 A EP 09007574A EP 2143809 B1 EP2143809 B1 EP 2143809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
metal
powder mixture
metal powder
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09007574A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2143809A1 (fr
Inventor
John Banhart
Hans-Martin Helwig
Seeliger Wolfgang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie GmbH
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Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie GmbH
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Priority to PL09007574T priority Critical patent/PL2143809T3/pl
Publication of EP2143809A1 publication Critical patent/EP2143809A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1134—Inorganic fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal foam, a product thereof and a method for its production.
  • the prior art generally discloses the production of metal foams in a powder-metallurgical manner by first compacting a mixture of metal powder and blowing agent and then partially or completely melting it and cooling it again after pore formation has taken place. In the molten state, the gas released by the blowing agent forms the pores in the melt.
  • Such a method is for example in DE 101 15 230 A1 described.
  • the production of a metal foam of the alloy AA6060 (AlMgSi) is given.
  • metal foam sandwiches in which a metal foam core is arranged between two outer cover layers closing off to the outside.
  • Sandwich structures of this type can be produced by bonding the cover layer to the foam core layer, but also by metallically bonding the unfoamed core material to the cover layers by applying pressure in one method step (see, for example, US Pat EP 0 997 215 A2 ) and only then foamed by means of thermally activated blowing agent.
  • the choice of materials for the metal foam core and for the cover layers is particularly important because the foaming process requires special temperature conditions.
  • DE 101 36 370 A1 The composite blank is formed into a semi-finished product and foamed by heating to a temperature which is simultaneously above the Ausgastemperatur of the blowing agent powder and within the solidus-liquidus region of the metal powder, to form a component. It is stated that in the case where both the core layer and the cover layers have the same material, e.g. As aluminum, is used, different melting temperatures can be adjusted by different alloying additives in powder and topcoat materials.
  • the object of the invention is now to provide a metal foam based on an aluminum alloy of the type AlMgSi and a use of this alloy, wherein the metal foam should have a fine pore structure with high expansion capacity, good mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance.
  • the object is further to provide a method for producing a metal foam having product.
  • this alloy is AlMg4 ( ⁇ 1) Si8 ( ⁇ 1) - stated in wt.% - And the metal foam Al, Mg, Si and manufacturing-related impurities or Al, Mg, Si and the metallic component of a blowing agent and manufacturing-related impurities.
  • the improved properties can also be attributed to the particular melting behavior of the alloy according to the invention, which is characterized by the function of the liquid volume fraction as a function of the temperature of the melt.
  • the alloy isothermally produces a proportion of about 50% ternary-eutectic melt at 560 ° C. and has a liquidus temperature of about 600 ° C., which enables precise setting of an optimum toughness of the melt for foam expansion.
  • the claimed alloy is used as a foamed core material in aluminum foam sandwiches.
  • a metal powder mixture for the alloy AlMg4 ( ⁇ 1) Si8 ( ⁇ 1) is first prepared and made into a foamable semifinished product compacted and then foamed this semifinished product by known means.
  • a metal powder mixture for the alloy AlMg4 ( ⁇ 1) Si8 ( ⁇ 1) is first produced and compacted into a foamable core layer, after which this core layer is placed between two cover plates of a 6000 alloy and these Assembly is transferred to a solid metallic composite, then this composite is heated to a temperature slightly lower than the solidus temperature of the 6000 alloy and, upon reaching the desired thickness of the foamed core material, the foaming process is stopped by cooling below the solidus temperature of the core material.
  • the metal powder mixtures in the context of the invention mean mixtures of alloy powders, i. Powders of such materials that make up the proposed alloy, and in such proportions by weight of the individual components that lead to this alloy. It is irrelevant whether powder of the three alloying components individually or z. For example, powders already containing two alloy components to which the missing constituents are added can also be used.
  • a mixture of the individual alloy constituents is used as metal powder mixture for the alloy AlMg4 ( ⁇ 1) Si8 (t1), in particular in the composition 50 wt.% AlMg8, 8 wt.% Si and 41 wt % Al or in elemental composition 88 wt% Al, 4 wt% Mg and 8 wt% Si.
  • Another embodiment provides a metal powder mixture of 8% by weight of the two-component alloy powder AlMg50, 8% by weight of Si and 84% by weight of Al.
  • the use of an alloy powder mixture has the advantage that the unwanted burnup of the Mg content in the production and in the foaming process of the alloy according to the invention is prevented.
  • the optionally provided exclusion or removal of foreign gases (for example oxygen) and their compounds with the metal powders during the production of the foamable semifinished product or of the foamable core layer also prevents the unwanted burning off of the Mg fraction.
  • a propellant it is provided that the decomposition temperature of the propellant and the melting temperature of the metal powder mixture are as close as possible to each other, i. a few degrees below the decomposition temperature, so that a high-viscosity large amount of melt is available at the decomposition temperature.
  • the use of a blowing agent has the advantage that the foaming process is easy to control, in particular via the temperature, and thus runs very cleanly.
  • a powder mixture of 1 wt.% TiH 2 , 8 wt.% Si, 4 wt.% Mg and 87 wt.% Al is produced. This is then uniaxially compressed at a temperature of 400 ° C, a pressing pressure of 195 MPa and 300 s pressing time to a tablet-shaped semi-finished product, which is then heated in a cylindrical steel sheet mold until the metal powder mixture is completely melted. During this process, the alloy AlMg4Si8 forms from the individual metal powders.
  • the foaming process takes place in a known manner by the decomposition of the blowing agent TiH 2 , whereby gas bubbles are formed in the semifinished product. Once the foam has filled the cylindrical sheet steel mold, it is removed from the oven. The foaming process stops by cooling the mold below the solidus temperature of the melt.
  • the cylindrical AlMg4Si8 alloy component has a low density and a homogeneous pore structure as well as a good corrosion resistance and high ductility.
  • a metal powder mixture of 50% by weight of the aluminum alloy AIMgB, 8% by weight of Si and 41% by weight of aluminum is produced and then compacted to form a core layer.
  • This core situation will be discussed in a next step Cover plates of a 6000 series hardenable alloy converted into a solid, metallic composite. This can be done by way of example by means of roll-plating or another known method.
  • This composite is then heated until a slightly lower temperature, here 590 ° C, than the solidus temperature of the cover plates, which is at about 600 ° C, is reached, and thereby the foaming process starts.
  • the aluminum alloy AlMg4Si8 forms in the foam core layer.
  • these aluminum foam sandwiches have a high degree of expansion of the foam core layer as well as good mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance.
  • FIG. 5 is schematically the foam quality, which results from the expansion and the pore size distribution, shown as a function of the concentration of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon.
  • the foam quality shows a maximum. Even slight deviations from the composition of the alloy according to the invention lead to a noticeable loss of foam quality due to a decrease in the expansion and / or coarsening of the pore structure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Mousse métallique, à base d'un alliage d'aluminium, caractérisée en ce que ledit alliage d'aluminium est du AlMg4(±1)Si8(±1), indiqué en % en poids, et ladite mousse métallique comporte du Al, Mg, Si et des impuretés issues de sa préparation, ou bien du Al, Mg, Si ainsi le composant métallique d'un agent gonflant et des impuretés issues de sa préparation.
  2. Utilisation de l'alliage selon la revendication 1 en tant que matériau de noyau destiné à la fabrication de structures sandwich à la mousse d'aluminium.
  3. Procédé de préparation d'une mousse métallique à partir d'un alliage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
    - on prépare d'abord un mélange de poudres métalliques destiné à l'alliage AlMg4(±1)Si8(±1) puis on le comprime pour obtenir un produit semi-fini apte au gonflage, et
    - ensuite, on le gonfle avec des agents connus.
  4. Procédé de préparation du matériau de noyau selon la revendication 1 et 2, dans lequel
    - on prépare d'abord un mélange de poudres métalliques destiné à l'alliage AlMg4(±1)Si8(±1) puis on le comprime pour obtenir une couche de noyau apte au gonflage,
    - on dispose ladite couche de noyau entre deux tôles de couverture en un alliage 6000 puis on transforme cette structure en un élément métallique composite stable,
    - ensuite, on réchauffe ledit élément composite jusqu'à une température légèrement inférieure à la température de solidus de l'alliage 6000 pour réaliser le processus de gonflage et
    - lorsque le matériau de noyau atteint l'épaisseur de gonflage souhaitée, on arrête le processus de gonflage en baissant la température à un niveau inférieur à la température de solidus du matériau de noyau.
  5. Procédé selon les revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise, en tant que mélange de poudres métalliques, un mélange des composants de l'alliage.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de poudres métalliques présente les composants d'alliage suivants : 50 % en poids d'AlMg8, 8 % en poids de Si et 41 % en poids d'Al.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de poudres métalliques présente les composants d'alliage selon une composition élémentaire de 88 % en poids d'Al, 4 % en poids de Mg et 8 % en poids de Si.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de poudres métalliques est formé à partir de 8 % en poids de la poudre d'alliage à deux composants dite AlMg50, 8 % en poids de Si et 84 % en poids de d'Al.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lors de la fabrication dudit produit semi-fini apte au gonflage ou de ladite couche de noyau apte au gonflage, les gaz étrangers et les composés qu'ils forment avec les poudres métalliques sont exclus ou éliminés.
  10. Procédé selon les revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un agent gonflant pour le processus de gonflage.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajuste la température de fusion du mélange de poudres métalliques de façon à ce qu'elle se situe quelques degrés en-dessous de la température de décomposition de l'agent gonflant.
EP09007574A 2008-06-11 2009-06-09 Mousses métalliques en alliage d'aluminium, leur utilisation et procédé de fabrication Active EP2143809B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09007574T PL2143809T3 (pl) 2008-06-11 2009-06-09 Pianki metalowe ze stopu aluminium, ich zastosowanie i sposób wytwarzania

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008027798A DE102008027798A1 (de) 2008-06-11 2008-06-11 Aluminiumlegierung für Metallschäume, ihre Verwendung und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2143809A1 EP2143809A1 (fr) 2010-01-13
EP2143809B1 true EP2143809B1 (fr) 2011-09-14

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EP09007574A Active EP2143809B1 (fr) 2008-06-11 2009-06-09 Mousses métalliques en alliage d'aluminium, leur utilisation et procédé de fabrication

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EP (1) EP2143809B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE524569T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008027798A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2378840T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2143809T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015118787A1 (de) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 HAVEL metal foam GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallschaumverbundkörpern und Metallschaumverbundkörper

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2721912B2 (ja) * 1989-06-09 1998-03-04 東洋アルミニウム株式会社 アルミニウム用粉末ろう材
ATE235336T1 (de) * 1997-06-10 2003-04-15 Goldschmidt Ag Th Schäumbarer metallkörper
DE19849600C1 (de) 1998-10-28 2001-02-22 Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmb Verfahren zur Herstellung von einem metallischen Verbundwerkstoff
DE19852277C2 (de) * 1998-11-13 2000-12-14 Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmb Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Verbundwerkstoffes sowie Halbzeug für einen solchen
DE10115230C2 (de) 2000-03-28 2002-11-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung poröser Metallkörper und Verwendung derselben
DE10136370B4 (de) 2001-07-26 2005-03-31 Schwingel, Dirk, Dr. Verbundwerkstoff und daraus hergestelltes Bauteil bestehend aus einem aufgeschäumten Metallkern und massiven Deckblechen, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008027798A1 (de) 2009-12-24
EP2143809A1 (fr) 2010-01-13
PL2143809T3 (pl) 2012-07-31
ES2378840T3 (es) 2012-04-18
ATE524569T1 (de) 2011-09-15

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