EP2142299B1 - Multi-hole test device - Google Patents

Multi-hole test device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2142299B1
EP2142299B1 EP08749693A EP08749693A EP2142299B1 EP 2142299 B1 EP2142299 B1 EP 2142299B1 EP 08749693 A EP08749693 A EP 08749693A EP 08749693 A EP08749693 A EP 08749693A EP 2142299 B1 EP2142299 B1 EP 2142299B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure plate
sockets
retentate
filter material
filtering device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08749693A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2142299A1 (en
Inventor
Timothy Sharbel
Uwe Blumenthal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leibniz-Institut fur Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung
Original Assignee
Leibniz-Institut fur Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung
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Publication of EP2142299A1 publication Critical patent/EP2142299A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2142299B1 publication Critical patent/EP2142299B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5025Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures for parallel transport of multiple samples
    • B01L3/50255Multi-well filtration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/06Fluid handling related problems
    • B01L2200/0689Sealing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/12Specific details about manufacturing devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0829Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filter device with which a plurality of samples can be filtered without the need for a vacuum or overpressure, with which the filtrate is drawn through the filter material. Rather, the filter device according to the invention operates only with gravity, optionally enhanced by an acceleration in the direction of Filtrathnes through the filter material, i. perpendicular to the filter material, for example generated by centrifugal force upon rotation of the device about an axis.
  • the filter device according to the invention provides a plurality of wells which are sealed on one side with filter material to filter a plurality of liquid samples offset in time or in parallel, for example in microtiter plate format with 96 or 384 parallel arranged wells. According to the invention, it is provided that the cups are arranged in one or more rows and their housing walls are connected to each other.
  • the US 2004/0149659 A1 describes a filter device in microtiter plate format in which the bottom of a cup is covered by a grid and has an outlet opening. Above the grid is a filter, which is held by a sealing ring against the grid. The sealing ring is clamped to fix its position in the cup in its inner surface.
  • the US 5861094 describes a two-part filter for filtering a single sample in which an annular shoulder is inclined within a tube at an angle to the axis of the tube and on this shoulder a filter material is arranged, of a arranged in the first tube second coaxial tube of smaller diameter pressed against the shoulder. The filter material is clamped at an angle to the common axis of the two tubes.
  • the US 2002/0041834 A1 describes a filter device comprising a filter unit and a plate with liquid containers.
  • the liquid containers are arranged in a common plane and each protrude with its one-sided open end out of the plane.
  • the liquid containers may form a positive connection with matching recesses of the filter unit, which are arranged on collecting containers for liquid, wherein between the recesses and the collecting containers filter material is arranged.
  • the positively contacted plate and filter unit are rotated for filtration, by applying negative pressure, the liquid is passed through the filter material.
  • the EP 1366819 A1 describes a microtiter plate whose cup bases are formed by a filtration membrane for filtration under centrifugal force and / or under pressure.
  • the filtration membrane is supported by webs located below, which stand on a funnel located below the membrane, which covers the cross section of a bowl and has a central outlet opening.
  • the alternative filter device should have a simpler structure than known filter devices.
  • the filter device and the method should preferably be functional without connected source for positive or negative pressure, or be suitable for use without applied positive or negative pressure, but only below Gravity influence can be used, optionally reinforced by the action of acceleration forces.
  • the invention achieves this object by providing a filter device according to the claims and in particular by providing a filter device in which a plurality of wells into which the liquid sample to be filtered can be entered, hereinafter referred to as retentate cups, are covered on one side by a filter or sieve material ,
  • the filter material for example a woven or non-woven fabric, or a membrane material with pores, which is preferably elastic, is preferably integral with the plurality of retentate cups interconnected by their walls, portions of the filter material covering the retentate cups on one side.
  • the filter material has at least one side integrally formed first sockets, which are integrally formed or glued on a first side of the carrier material and sealing against the Retentatnäpfe can be arranged to seal the covered by the nozzle portion of the filter material against the end surfaces of the retentate.
  • filter pieces are arranged on the filter material, e.g. molded or glued, which form the Retentatnäpfe.
  • the filter material does not have a first nozzle which can be arranged as a seal against the retentate cups, but nozzles arranged on the filter material are arranged around the open cross-sections of the retentate cups and form the retentate cups.
  • the second nozzle arranged opposite the second nozzle can be arranged against a pressure plate, which optionally has seals adjacent to the second nozzle.
  • the filter device therefore provides the subdivision of the filter material into sections through the at least one or both sides arranged on the filter material nozzle, which are respectively to be arranged suitably to the end faces of the side walls of Retentatnäpfe, or at least on one side on the filter material integrally formed or glued as a first nozzle Retentate cups before. Therefore, the first sockets, which are arranged on the first side of the filter material, produce a seal between liquid retentate cups and filter material, as well as a sealing delimitation of the portions of the filter material Filter material against each other, cover the individual Retentatnäpfe.
  • the fluid-tight subdivision of the filter material between the retentate cups is established by the molded-on or glued-on retentate cups.
  • the on the retentate cups opposite the second side of the filter material arranged second nozzle also serve to prevent mixing of liquid, namely on the filtrate side.
  • the second sockets are arranged opposite the first sockets on the filter material and can be fixed in the same manner at this.
  • the sealing arrangement of the first nozzle which are arranged on the first side of the filter material against Retentatnäpfe, or against the faces of their walls, which comprise the clear cross section of the Retentatnäpfe, by sealing arrangement or by pressing the filter material according to the invention against the plurality of suitably aligned Retentatnäpfe be achieved, or by fixing the filter material to the Retentatnäpfen or by integral formation of the filter material with the Retentatnäpfen.
  • the walls of the retentate cups form the first nozzle, which are arranged on one side on the filter material; the second nozzles arranged on the opposite side of the filter material are arranged on the filter material and may e.g. Be openings of the pressure plate.
  • the nozzle and the Retentatnäpfe can be connected, for example, by gluing or melting or molding with the filter material.
  • a support grid which spans the cross section of the retentate cups and bears against the filter material on one side, is not required according to the invention; likewise, support webs which unilaterally support the filter material against pressure from the retentate cup are not necessarily present. Accordingly, the filter device according to the invention can be designed without parallel to the filter material arranged support grid or support webs, as is preferred.
  • the filtration method according to the invention which can be carried out only under gravity or without applied additional pressure gradient, is based on the fact that a contact pin, preferably at least one, particularly preferably exactly one, covers the first socket or retentate cups contacted opposite the second surface of the filter material.
  • the contact pin is approximately perpendicular to the second surface of the filter material and disposed approximately centrally within the portion of the filter material bounded by first and / or second sockets.
  • the contact pin is fixed by at least one connecting piece, preferably exactly one, two or three symmetrically arranged around the contact pin connecting pieces on the second piece.
  • the connecting piece (s) preferably extend radially or disc-shaped from the contact pin and more preferably have a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the contact pin which has a maximum diameter of the contact pin as the width across the contact pin and second pin distance Cross-sectional area in the clear cross-section of the second nozzle to form.
  • a connecting piece may preferably extend radially from the contact pin to the second neck with a thickness which is measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the contact pin and at most the diameter of the contact pin.
  • the length of the connector parallel to the axis of the contact pin may be smaller, preferably 10 to 50% larger, than the length of the connector adjacent to the second nozzle, adjacent to the contact pin, for contact of liquid moving along the contact pin avoid the second neck.
  • the device of the filter material according to the invention with one or both sides matching the end faces of the Retentatnäpfe arranged nozzle adjacent to the Retentatnäpfe or with nozzles that form Retentatnäpfe consist, the filter material on the surface opposite the Retentatnäpfen surface from a first end of a Contact pin is contacted, which communicates with a located at the opposite end of the second end of the contact pin guide pin is in communication and the guide pin is introduced into the volume of a Filtratnapfs.
  • a pressure plate is arranged against the second nozzles.
  • the carrier for holding the contact pin on the inner wall of a congruent with the first and / or second nozzle can be arranged arranged recess of the pressure plate. More preferably, aligned to the filter material or the Retentatnäpfen aligned Filtratnäpfen below the Retentatnäpfe, wherein the guide pins protrude into the spanned by the walls of the Filtratnäpfe inner volume of Filtratnäpfe.
  • the pressure plate abuts with areas on the filter material, which are arranged opposite the first nozzle, or to the second nozzle to put the first nozzle against the end faces of the retentate cups under tension. Between these areas, the pressure plate has openings which are arranged to match the portions of the filter material bounded by the first neck in order to allow filtrate to pass from the filter material into filtrate cups. Between each Filttatnapf and a suitably oriented preferably disposed above second nozzle, which is e.g. is formed by an opening of the pressure plate, at least one vent opening is arranged to allow air to escape from the filtrate cup, which is displaced by entering filtrate.
  • the ventilation opening may e.g. be prepared by a spacing of filtrate cup and second tube, the spacing being e.g. is created by spacers between pressure plate and arrangement of Filtratnäpfen.
  • the filter material has no second sockets, and the open cross sections of the retentate cups are surrounded by elastic sealing material so that when the filter material is placed against the sealing material on the retentate cups, a liquid seal is formed around the portions of the filter material adjacent to the retentate cups adjoin.
  • the pressure plate preferably has seals which protrude beyond a first surface of the pressure plate which faces the filter material and comprise the openings of the pressure plate, particularly preferably when the filter material has only first nozzles and no second nozzles, so that the filter material directly contacted the printing plate.
  • These seals of the pressure plate can be arranged against the filter material and pressed and serve to prevent the passage of filtrate between adjacent portions of the filter material.
  • the seals of the pressure plate may be formed integrally with the pressure plate or placed on the pressure plate, e.g. glued or in-grooves, which comprise the openings of the pressure plate, be arranged elastic seals, e.g. O-rings.
  • the pressure plate has at least one contact pin each within its openings.
  • the contact pin of each opening of the pressure plate is arranged with the pressure plate can be arranged against the filter material or against the second nozzle of the filter material. Therefore, the first end of a contact pin contacts the portion of the filter material enclosed by the first sockets.
  • filtrate after passing through the filter material, may flow along the contact pin, reducing or preventing distribution of the filtrate across the surface of the opening in the pressure plate.
  • the contact pins cause a passage of filtrate through a filter material when the filter material is a membrane with pores of nominal diameter of about 10 to 0.45 microns, without requiring a pressure difference across the filter material.
  • the present invention allows the passage of filtrate through so-called ultrafiltration membranes, which are previously impermeable to the filtrate substantially without applied pressure gradient substantially.
  • the filter device according to the invention can also be used when used with filter material with nominal pores of 10 to 0.2 .mu.m, preferably from 2 to 0.43 .mu.m without an applied over the filter material pressure gradient or without connection for applied negative pressure and / or pressure be executed, as provided in the prior art for ultrafiltration.
  • each contact pin opposite the first end of a contact pin can protrude into the plane in which the second surface of the pressure plate lies, opposite its seals or opposite the retentate cups.
  • the second ends of contact pins preferably protrude beyond the second surface of the pressure plate and in each case form at least one guide pin along which filtrate can flow.
  • Such guide pins preferably protrude so far beyond the second surface of the printing plate that they span a distance, for example, made by spacers on the second surface of the printing plate to each opening of Filtratnäpfen, and more preferably protrude into spaced apart from the pressure plate Filtratnäpfe.
  • the guide pins span the spacing of Filtratnäpfen to second nozzle or to the pressure plate, wherein the spacing forms the ventilation opening for the escape of displaced air from the Filtratnäpfen.
  • Guide pins may each be locatable in the inner volume of the filtrate cups without contacting the inner surface of the filtrate cups, or the guide pins may, preferably when elastically deformable, contact the inner surface of the filtrate cups when spaced or immediately adjacent to the pressure plate or the Retentatnäpfen are arranged.
  • guide and contact pins can each be separated from one another in the opening of the pressure plate be defined space, each connected to one or more individual or common connectors within the opening with the pressure plate.
  • Contact pins and guide pins can be formed integrally with the pressure plate.
  • contact pins and / or guide pins are connected within an opening of the pressure plate by means of at least one connecting piece with the pressure plate.
  • contact pins and guide pins are provided with a hydrophobic surface, consist for example of hydrophobic material and / or are coated with hydrophobic material, e.g. with a hydrophobic polymer, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene, or with lipid, saturated olefin or wax.
  • Hydrophobic contact and guide pins enhance the passage of filtrate through the filter material into the filtrate wells, particularly retentate and filtrate wells or small diameter, small diameter, e.g. in the range of 1 to 3 mm, in particular 1.5 to 2mm.
  • a large number of appropriately aligned collecting or filtrate cups are arranged to collect the filtrate, for example in the form of a microtiter plate.
  • the filtrate cups are open on one side, with their openings being arranged parallel to the filter material, in each case suitably aligned with the sections defined by the nozzles.
  • the filter material may have mesh sizes in the range of 0.22 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 45 to 150 ⁇ m, and e.g. of polymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, mixtures and copolymers thereof or of metal.
  • the nozzle according to the invention which are arranged on one or both sides of the filter material, may be formed on one or both sides by an elastic material is formed on the filter material or is glued, which has a substantially constant thickness and openings whose edges form the nozzle.
  • a particular advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the multiplicity of wells, in which a large number of samples can be filtered in parallel and isolated from each other without any overpressure or underpressure, and in their simple structure, which is limited to a few constituents. Furthermore, the structure of the filter device enables easy disassembly, cleaning of the retentate cups and the filter material and reassembly so that multiple use is possible. In particular, by the contact pins, particularly preferably with additional guide pins, the device reduces or prevents the mixing of samples which are located in adjacent retentate and Filtratnäpfen.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a plurality of Retentatnäpfen 1, which are arranged parallel to each other, whose walls 2 adjacent to each other, or are formed by a common portion.
  • the Retentatnäpfe 1 have an open end 3, in which the liquid to be filtered can be entered, and an opposite cross-section 4, which is disposed adjacent to the filter material 10.
  • the filter material 10 has on its first side first port 1 and on its second, opposite side second port 12, which are respectively arranged and aligned to match the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1.
  • the first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 define between them suitably arranged portions 13 of the filter material 10, each covering at least a portion of the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1.
  • the first sockets 11 of the filter material 10 sealingly adjoin the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1, so that liquid, which is discharged through the open end 3, under gravity or with additional acceleration through the portions 13 of the filter material 10 between the first nozzle 11th or the second nozzle 12 can pass through, but not between the first nozzle 11 and the end face 5 of the wall of the retentate cups 1 to an adjacent retentate cup. 1
  • the filtrate cups 20 are arranged with their open ends 21 to match the portions 13 of the filter material 10 bounded by the second sockets 12.
  • the retentate cups 1 and the filtrate cups 20 have the same dimensions, for example corresponding to a conventional microtiter plate with 96 or more cups arranged parallel to one another.
  • the filtrate cups 20 are arranged at a distance from the second nozzle 12, so that a distance is set between the second nozzle 12 and the walls of the collecting cups 20, which can serve as a ventilation opening 30.
  • the seals 43 are arranged peripherally closed around the openings 41 on the side of the pressure plate 40 which faces the filter material 10 and are arranged in the region which can be arranged opposite the end faces of the walls 2 of the retentate cups 1 or in the region , the opposite to the first port 11 and / or to the second port 12 can be arranged.
  • the seals to the first and / or second ports 11, 12 are arranged suitably aligned to be disposed against the filter material 10 and the second nozzle 12, respectively.
  • FIG. 2A 12 schematically shows a cross-sectional view through the filter material 10 and shows the first sockets 11 and the second sockets 12 in the form of sections of elastic material, for example a plastic polymer, applied on both sides to the filter material 10 and having recesses, the edges of which are the first sockets 11 and the second nozzle 12 form.
  • elastic material for example a plastic polymer
  • FIG. 2B embodiment shown has no second nozzle 12 on the second side of the filter material 10.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a plan view of the in FIG. 2 illustrated filter material 10, the portions 13 are formed by the fact that the elastic material has recesses in these areas.
  • the elastic material disposed adjacent to the portions 13 of the filter material 10 forms the first sockets 11 on the first side of the filter material 10 and the second sockets 12 on the second side of the filter material 10, respectively.
  • the sealing arrangement of the first nozzle 11 against the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1 can be effected in that a pressure plate 40 is arranged under tension against the second nozzle 12.
  • a pressure plate 40 has openings 41 in the areas corresponding to at least a portion of the portions 13 of the filter material 10 and are aligned with the portions 13 of the filter material 10.
  • the ventilation openings 30 can be provided as at least partial spacing between the pressure plate 40 and the filtrate or collecting cups 20.
  • first port 11 and second port 12 of the filter material 10 can be done by arranging the Retentatnäpfe 11 and the pressure plate 40 between parallel spaced plates which are interconnected.
  • FIG. 4 Such an arrangement of the filter device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 4 as an exploded view.
  • the retentate cups 1 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows with their open ends 3 and their cross-sections 4 in each case in a parallel spaced-apart plane.
  • the filter material 10 is arranged between elastic material applied on both sides, which respectively forms the first connection 11 and second connection 12, which delimit sections 13 of the filter material 10 between them.
  • the sections 13 of the filter material 10 are to be arranged congruently with the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1 and extend over at least part of the cross sections 4, preferably completely over the cross sections 4.
  • openings 41 of the pressure plate 40 are also arranged to match the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1 and align so that filtrate from the Retentatnäpfen 1, bounded by the cross sections, between the first nozzle 11 to the portions 13 of the Flitermaterials 10 can flow, and the first nozzle 11, the cross sections of the Retentatnäpfe 1 against each other.
  • the pressure plate 40, filter material 10, and retentate cups 1 are between parallel spaced rails 51, 52 arranged, for example may be provided as an integral part of a clamping device 50.
  • the arrangement of Retentatnäpfen 1, pressure plate 40 with arranged between them filter material 10, the first and second ports 11, 12 are respectively disposed against the pressure plate 40 and against the end faces 5 of the retentate cups, inserted between the rails 51, 52.
  • the pressure plate 40 against the second port 12 of the filter material 10 under tension, that the pressure plate 40 is clamped against the retentate cups 1, for example by fasteners (not shown), eg screws, pulling the Retentatnäpfe 1 against the pressure plate 40. Holes 6 for such screws are connected to the Retentatnäpfen 1, holes 42 with the pressure plate 40.
  • One of the pairs in pairs aligned bores 42 of the pressure plate 40 and the bores 6 of the Retentatnäpfe 1 are preferably provided with a thread.
  • the filter material 10 preferably also has holes 14 for the passage of fasteners, which serve to align the filter material 10 between the Retentatnäpfen 1 and the pressure plate 40.
  • FIG. 6A shows a cross section through a pressure plate 40 with arranged around the openings 41 seals 43 which protrude beyond the surface of the pressure plate 40 according to the preferred embodiment, which can be arranged facing the filter material 10, in FIG. 6A the top.
  • the seals 43 are optional and may consist of the material of the pressure plate, for example, be formed, or consist of a different material.
  • Seals 43 may consist of non-elastically deformable material, for example of PE, PP, PC, polyacrylate, in particular in embodiments in which the filter material 10 second stub 12 of elastic material has, which are engageable with the seals 43 in contact.
  • Seals 43 of adjacent openings 41 may be formed by a common structural element.
  • a respective contact pin 44 is arranged on one or two connecting pieces 45.
  • the connecting pieces 45 are each fixed to the inner wall of the opening 41 of the pressure plate 40, preferably integrally formed from the material of the pressure plate 40.
  • the contact pins 44 are shown in various embodiments, in which they protrude, for example, to the level in which the seals 43 protrude, or beyond the plane in which the seals 43 protrude.
  • the length of the contact pins 44 depends on the design of the filter material, and in the case of a filter material without a second connecting piece 12, preferably up to the plane into which the seals 43 project.
  • the contact pins 44 preferably extend around the extension of the second connecting pieces 12 above the plane into which the seals 43 extend. In this way, depending on the presence of the second nozzle 12, a contact of the contact pins 44 with the filter material 10 in the region of its portions 13, each extending over a cross section of the retentate 1, with arrangement of the pressure plate 40 parallel to the filter material 10 possible.
  • the guide pins 45 serve to guide the filtrate into the filtrate cups 20 to minimize passage into an adjacent filtrate cup 20 FIG. 6A
  • Guide pins 45 can protrude into the plane of the surface of the pressure plate 40 opposite the filter material.
  • the guide pins 45 protrude beyond the surface of the printing plate so that they project into adjacently disposed filtrate cups. In this way, the passage of filtrate through aerosols, which can form when falling of a drop from the contact pin 44 and Leitchan 45, reduced in adjacent Filtratnäpfe.
  • FIG. 6B a preferred embodiment is shown, namely the one-piece design of contact pin 44 with guide pin 45, which are fixed by a common connecting piece 46 on the inner wall of the opening 41 of the pressure plate 40.
  • FIG. 7 shows Retentatnäpfe 1, which are formed by walls 2 and span the cross section 4 of the Retentatnäpfe 1.
  • the cross sections 4 are covered by filter material 10.
  • the pressure plate 40 has in each case a contact pin 44 within an opening 41, wherein the opening 41 covers the cross section 4, is aligned with this and is interrupted by the contact pin 44, possibly also by guide pin 45.
  • the contact pin 44 and integrally formed therewith according to the preferred embodiment of this guide pin 45 are supported by 2 plate-shaped connecting pieces 46, which are respectively fixed to the inner wall of an opening 41 of the pressure plate 40, preferably connected thereto.
  • the connecting pieces 46 in this illustration preferably have a thickness in the sectional plane, ie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the contact pin 44, equal to or less than the diameter of the contact pin 44.
  • the contact pin 44 and guide pins 45 are preferably of round cross-section.
  • Seals 43 may be formed as a projection and / or recess, which engage with the end face of the wall 2 of the retentate 1, optionally as shown with at least a portion of the filter material 10, which lies on the end face of the wall 2 of the retentate 1.
  • the contact pin 44 contacts the filter material 10.
  • the guide pin is so long that it projects through the open end 21 of the filtrate cup into the volume spanned by the filtrate cup 20.
  • the filtrate cups are at least partially spaced from the pressure plate, for example by spacers between the second nozzle or pressure plate and Filtratnäpfen or recesses of the wall of the filtrate and / or the second nozzle or the Pressure plate in order to escape from the Filtratnäpfen displaced medium, eg air, by entering filtrate.
  • the retentate cups 1 can be made by positive or non-positive connection, e.g. be connected by molding or gluing their walls 1 with the openings 41 surrounding portions of the pressure plate 40, so that the filter device according to the invention, the retentate 1, a one-sided final filter material 10, a filter material 10 contacting the contact pin 44 in an opening 41 a Pressure plate is arranged, and the pressure plate 40 is made.

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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Filtervorrichtung, mit der eine Vielzahl von Proben filtriert werden kann, ohne dass ein Vakuum oder Überdruck anliegen muss, mit dem das Filtrat durch das Filtermaterial gezogen wird. Vielmehr arbeitet die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung nur mit Schwerkraft, optional verstärkt durch eine Beschleunigung in Richtung des Filtratflusses durch das Filtermaterial, d.h. senkrecht zum Filtermaterial, beispielsweise erzeugt durch Fliehkraft bei Rotation der Vorrichtung um eine Achse. Die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung stellt eine Mehrzahl von Näpfen bereit, die einseitig mit Filtermaterial dichtend versehen sind, um eine Vielzahl von Flüssigkeitsproben zeitlich versetzt oder parallel zu filtrieren, beispielsweise im Mikrotiterplattenformat mit 96 oder 384 parallel angeordneten Näpfen. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, das die Näpfe in einer oder mehreren Reihen angeordnet und ihre Gehäusewandungen miteinander verbunden sind.The present invention relates to a filter device with which a plurality of samples can be filtered without the need for a vacuum or overpressure, with which the filtrate is drawn through the filter material. Rather, the filter device according to the invention operates only with gravity, optionally enhanced by an acceleration in the direction of Filtratflusses through the filter material, i. perpendicular to the filter material, for example generated by centrifugal force upon rotation of the device about an axis. The filter device according to the invention provides a plurality of wells which are sealed on one side with filter material to filter a plurality of liquid samples offset in time or in parallel, for example in microtiter plate format with 96 or 384 parallel arranged wells. According to the invention, it is provided that the cups are arranged in one or more rows and their housing walls are connected to each other.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Vorrichtungen zur Filtration von Flüssigkeitsproben bekannt.Devices for the filtration of liquid samples are known from the prior art.

Die US 2004/0149659 A1 beschreibt eine Filtervorrichtung im Mikrotiterplattenformat, bei der der Boden eines Napfs von einem Gitter bedeckt ist und eine Auslassöffnung aufweist. Oberhalb des Gitters liegt ein Filter auf, der von einem Dichtungsring gegen das Gitter gehalten ist. Der Dichtungsring ist zur Fixierung seiner Position im Napf in dessen Innenfläche geklemmt.The US 2004/0149659 A1 describes a filter device in microtiter plate format in which the bottom of a cup is covered by a grid and has an outlet opening. Above the grid is a filter, which is held by a sealing ring against the grid. The sealing ring is clamped to fix its position in the cup in its inner surface.

Die US 5861094 beschreibt einen zweiteiligen Filter zur Filtrierung einer einzelnen Probe, bei dem eine ringförmige Schulter innerhalb eines Röhrchens in einem Winkel gegen die Achse des Röhrchens geneigt ist und auf dieser Schulter ein Filtermaterial angeordnet ist, das von einem in dem ersten Röhrchen angeordneten zweiten koaxialen Röhrchen kleineren Durchmessers gegen die Schulter gepresst wird. Das Filtermaterial ist in einem Winkel zur gemeinsamen Achse der beiden Röhrchen eingespannt.The US 5861094 describes a two-part filter for filtering a single sample in which an annular shoulder is inclined within a tube at an angle to the axis of the tube and on this shoulder a filter material is arranged, of a arranged in the first tube second coaxial tube of smaller diameter pressed against the shoulder. The filter material is clamped at an angle to the common axis of the two tubes.

Die US 2002/0041834 A1 beschreibt eine Filtervorrichtung, die eine Filtereinheit und eine Platte mit Flüssigkeitsbehältern umfasst. Die Flüssigkeitsbehälter sind in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet und ragen jeweils mit ihrem einseitig offenen Ende aus der Ebene heraus. Die Flüssigkeitsbehälter können eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit passenden Ausnehmungen der Filtereinheit eingehen, die auf Auffangbehältern für Flüssigkeit angeordnet sind, wobei zwischen den Ausnehmungen und den Auffangbehältern Filtermaterial angeordnet ist. Die formschlüssig kontaktierten Platte und Filtereinheit werden zur Filtration gedreht, durch Anlegen von Unterdruck erfolgt der Flüssigkeitsdurchtritt durch das Filtermaterial.The US 2002/0041834 A1 describes a filter device comprising a filter unit and a plate with liquid containers. The liquid containers are arranged in a common plane and each protrude with its one-sided open end out of the plane. The liquid containers may form a positive connection with matching recesses of the filter unit, which are arranged on collecting containers for liquid, wherein between the recesses and the collecting containers filter material is arranged. The positively contacted plate and filter unit are rotated for filtration, by applying negative pressure, the liquid is passed through the filter material.

Die EP 1366819 A1 beschreibt eine Mikrotiterplatte, deren Napfböden von einer Filtrationsmembran gebildet sind, zur Filtration unter Zentrifugalkraft und/oder unter Druck. Die Filtrationsmembran ist von unterhalb angeordneten Stegen gestützt, die auf einem unterhalb der Membran angeordneten Trichter stehen, der den Querschnitt eines Napfs überdeckt und eine zentrale Auslassöffnung hat.The EP 1366819 A1 describes a microtiter plate whose cup bases are formed by a filtration membrane for filtration under centrifugal force and / or under pressure. The filtration membrane is supported by webs located below, which stand on a funnel located below the membrane, which covers the cross section of a bowl and has a central outlet opening.

In Versuchen zur Vorbereitung der vorliegenden Erfindung hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Konstruktion der EP 1366819 A1 nicht geeignet ist, nur unter Schwerkraft, d.h. ohne Zentrifugalbeschleunigung bzw. ohne Druckgefälle über die Membran Filtrat durch die Membran in einen darunter angeordneten Filtratnapf treten zu lassen.In attempts to prepare the present invention, it has been found that the construction of the EP 1366819 A1 is not suitable, only under gravity, ie without centrifugal acceleration or without pressure gradient across the membrane filtrate through the membrane in a filtrate cup located underneath occur.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine alternative Filtervorrichtung und ein damit durchfürbares Filterverfahren bereitzustellen. Vorzugsweise soll die alternative Filtervorrichtung einen einfacheren Aufbau als bekannte Filtervorrichtungen aufweisen. Die Filtervorrichtung und das Verfahren sollen vorzugsweise ohne angeschlossene Quelle für Über- oder Unterdruck funktionsfähig sein, bzw. zur Verwendung ohne angelegten Über- oder Unterdruck geeignet sein, sondern allein unter Schwerkrafteinfluss einsetzbar sein, optional verstärkt durch die Einwirkung von Beschleunigungskräften.Compared to this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide an alternative filtering device and a filtering method that can be carried out therewith. Preferably, the alternative filter device should have a simpler structure than known filter devices. The filter device and the method should preferably be functional without connected source for positive or negative pressure, or be suitable for use without applied positive or negative pressure, but only below Gravity influence can be used, optionally reinforced by the action of acceleration forces.

Allgemeine Beschreibung der ErfindungGeneral description of the invention

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch Bereitstellen einen Filtervorrichtung gemäβ den Ansprüchen und insbesondere durch Bereitstellen eines Filtervorrichtung, bei der eine Vielzahl von Näpfen, in die die zu filtrierende Flüssigkeitsprobe eingegeben werden kann, nachfolgend als Retentatnäpfe bezeichnet, einseitig von einem Filter- oder Siebmaterial abgedeckt sind. Das Filtermaterial, beispielsweise ein gewebtes oder ungewebtes Gewebe, oder ein Membranmaterial mit Poren, das vorzugsweise elastisch ist, ist vorzugsweise für die Vielzahl über mittels ihrer Wandungen miteinander verbundener Retentatnäpfe einstückig, wobei Abschnitte des Filtermaterials die Retentatnäpfe einseitig abdecken. Das Filtermaterial weist zumindest einseitig angeformte erste Stutzen auf, die auf einer ersten Seite des Trägermaterials angeformt oder angeklebt sind und dichtend gegen die Retentatnäpfe anordnbar sind, um den von den Stutzen umfaßten Abschnitt des Filtermaterials gegen die Stirnflächen der Retentatnäpfe abzudichten. Bevorzugt sind zumindest einseitig am Filtermaterial Stutzen angeordnet, z.B. angeformt oder geklebt, die die Retentatnäpfe bilden. In dieser Ausführungsform weist das Filtermaterial keine als Dichtung gegen die Retentatnäpfe anordnbare erste Stutzen auf, sondern an dem Filtermaterial angeordnete Stutzen sind um die offenen Querschnitte der Retentatnäpfe angeordnet und bilden die Retentatnäpfe.The invention achieves this object by providing a filter device according to the claims and in particular by providing a filter device in which a plurality of wells into which the liquid sample to be filtered can be entered, hereinafter referred to as retentate cups, are covered on one side by a filter or sieve material , The filter material, for example a woven or non-woven fabric, or a membrane material with pores, which is preferably elastic, is preferably integral with the plurality of retentate cups interconnected by their walls, portions of the filter material covering the retentate cups on one side. The filter material has at least one side integrally formed first sockets, which are integrally formed or glued on a first side of the carrier material and sealing against the Retentatnäpfe can be arranged to seal the covered by the nozzle portion of the filter material against the end surfaces of the retentate. Preferably, at least on one side, filter pieces are arranged on the filter material, e.g. molded or glued, which form the Retentatnäpfe. In this embodiment, the filter material does not have a first nozzle which can be arranged as a seal against the retentate cups, but nozzles arranged on the filter material are arranged around the open cross-sections of the retentate cups and form the retentate cups.

Alternativ können auf dem Filtermaterial beidseitig deckungsgleich Stutzen angeordnet sein, so dass die den ersten Stutzen gegenüberliegend angeordneten zweiten Stutzen gegen eine Druckplatte anordnbar sind, die angrenzend an die zweiten Stutzen optional Dichtungen aufweist.Alternatively, can be arranged on both sides congruent nozzle on the filter material, so that the second nozzle arranged opposite the second nozzle can be arranged against a pressure plate, which optionally has seals adjacent to the second nozzle.

Die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung sieht daher die Unterteilung des Filtermaterials in Abschnitte durch die zumindest einseitig oder beidseitig auf dem Filtermaterial angeordneten Stutzen vor, die jeweils passend zu den Stirnflächen der Seitenwände der Retentatnäpfe anzuordnen sind, bzw. zumindest einseitig auf dem Filtermaterial als erste Stutzen angeformte oder angeklebt Retentatnäpfe vor. Daher erzeugen die ersten Stutzen, die auf der ersten Seite des Filtermaterials angeordnet sind, eine Dichtung bzw. Flüssigkeitssperre zwischen Retentatnäpfen und Filtermaterial, sowie eine dichtende Abgrenzung der Abschnitte des Filtermaterials gegeneinander, die einzelne Retentatnäpfe abdecken. In der Ausführungsform, in der die ersten Stutzen die Retentatnäpfe bilden, wird die fluiddichte Unterteilung des Filtermaterials zwischen den Retentatnäpfen durch die angeformten oder angeklebten Retentatnäpfe hergestellt. Auf diese Weise wird eine Vermischung von Flüssigkeit, die durch die Kapillarwirkung innerhalb des Filtermaterials auftreten könnte, zuverlässig vermieden. Die auf der den Retentatnäpfen gegenüberliegenden zweiten Seite des Filtermaterials angeordneten zweiten Stutzen dienen ebenfalls der Verhinderung einer Vermischung von Flüssigkeit, nämlich auf der Filtratseite. Die zweiten Stutzen sind gegenüber den ersten Stutzen am Filtermaterial angeordnet und können auf dieselbe Art und Weise an diesem fixiert sein.The filter device according to the invention therefore provides the subdivision of the filter material into sections through the at least one or both sides arranged on the filter material nozzle, which are respectively to be arranged suitably to the end faces of the side walls of Retentatnäpfe, or at least on one side on the filter material integrally formed or glued as a first nozzle Retentate cups before. Therefore, the first sockets, which are arranged on the first side of the filter material, produce a seal between liquid retentate cups and filter material, as well as a sealing delimitation of the portions of the filter material Filter material against each other, cover the individual Retentatnäpfe. In the embodiment in which the first sockets form the retentate cups, the fluid-tight subdivision of the filter material between the retentate cups is established by the molded-on or glued-on retentate cups. In this way, a mixing of liquid, which could occur due to the capillary action within the filter material, reliably avoided. The on the retentate cups opposite the second side of the filter material arranged second nozzle also serve to prevent mixing of liquid, namely on the filtrate side. The second sockets are arranged opposite the first sockets on the filter material and can be fixed in the same manner at this.

Daher kann die dichtende Anordnung der ersten Stutzen, die auf der ersten Seite des Filtermaterials angeordnet sind, gegen Retentatnäpfe, bzw. gegen die Stirnflächen von deren Wandungen, die den lichten Querschnitt der Retentatnäpfe umfassen, durch dichtende Anordnung bzw. durch Pressen des erfindungsgemäßen Filtermaterials gegen die Vielzahl passend ausgerichteter Retentatnäpfe erreicht werden, oder durch Fixierung des Filtermaterials an den Retentatnäpfen bzw. durch einstückige Ausbildung des Filtermaterials mit den Retentatnäpfen. Bei einstückiger Ausbildung des Filtermaterials mit bzw. an den Retentatnäpfen bilden die Wandungen der Retentatnäpfe die ersten Stutzen, die einseitig auf dem Filtermaterial angeordnet sind; die auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Filtermaterials angeordneten zweiten Stutzen sind auf dem Filtermaterial angeordnet und können z.B. Öffnungen der Druckplatte sein. Die Stutzen und die Retentatnäpfe können beispielsweise durch Kleben oder Aufschmelzen bzw. Anformen mit dem Filtermaterial verbunden werden.Therefore, the sealing arrangement of the first nozzle, which are arranged on the first side of the filter material against Retentatnäpfe, or against the faces of their walls, which comprise the clear cross section of the Retentatnäpfe, by sealing arrangement or by pressing the filter material according to the invention against the plurality of suitably aligned Retentatnäpfe be achieved, or by fixing the filter material to the Retentatnäpfen or by integral formation of the filter material with the Retentatnäpfen. In one-piece design of the filter material with or on the Retentatnäpfen the walls of the retentate cups form the first nozzle, which are arranged on one side on the filter material; the second nozzles arranged on the opposite side of the filter material are arranged on the filter material and may e.g. Be openings of the pressure plate. The nozzle and the Retentatnäpfe can be connected, for example, by gluing or melting or molding with the filter material.

Ein Stützgitter, das den Querschnitt der Retentatnäpfe überspannt und einseitig am Filtermaterial anliegt, ist erfindungsgemäß nicht erforderlich, ebenso sind Stützstege, die einseitig das Filtermaterial gegen Druck aus dem Retentatnapf stützen, nicht notwendigerweise vorhanden. Entsprechend kann die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung ohne parallel zum Filtermaterial angeordnete Stützgitter oder Stützstege ausgeführt sein, wie es bevorzugt ist.A support grid, which spans the cross section of the retentate cups and bears against the filter material on one side, is not required according to the invention; likewise, support webs which unilaterally support the filter material against pressure from the retentate cup are not necessarily present. Accordingly, the filter device according to the invention can be designed without parallel to the filter material arranged support grid or support webs, as is preferred.

Das erfindungsgemäße Filtrationsverfahren, das nur unter Schwerkraft bzw. ohne anliegendes zusätzliches Druckgefälle durchführbar ist, beruht darauf, dass ein Kontaktstift, vorzugsweise zumindest einer, besonders bevorzugt genau einer, die den ersten Stutzen bzw. Retentatnäpfen gegenüberliegende zweite Oberfläche des Filtermaterials kontaktiert. Der Kontaktstift ist etwa senkrecht zur zweiten Oberfläche des Filtermaterials und etwa mittig innerhalb des Abschnitts des Filtermaterials, der von einem ersten und/oder zweiten Stutzen umgrenzt ist, angeordnet. Der Kontaktstift ist durch zumindest ein Verbindungsstück, vorzugsweise genau ein, zwei oder drei um den Kontaktstift symmetrisch angeordnete Verbindungsstücke am zweiten Stutzen fixiert. Der bzw. die Verbindungsstücke erstrecken sich vorzugsweise scheiben- oder stiftförmig radial vom Kontaktstift und haben besonders vorzugsweise eine senkrecht zur Achse des Kontaktstifts angeordnete Querschnittsfläche, die maximal den Durchmesser des Kontaktsrifts als Breite über den Abstand zwischen Kontaktstift und zweitem Stutzen aufweist, um nur eine geringe Querschnittsfläche im lichten Querschnitt des zweiten Stutzens zu bilden. Bei kreisförmigem zweitem Stutzen und axial darin angeordnetem Kontaktstift kann sich vorzugsweise ein Verbindungsstück radial vom Kontaktstift zum zweiten Stutzen mit einer Dicke erstrecken, die in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Längsachse des Kontaktstifts gemessen, maximal der Durchmesser des Kontaktstifts ist. Die Länge des Verbindungsstücks parallel zur Achse des Kontaktstifts kann angrenzend an den Kontaktstift kleiner, vorzugsweise um 10 bis 50 % größer sein, als die Länge des Verbindungsstücks angrenzend an den zweiten Stutzen, um einen Kontakt von Flüssigkeit, die sich entlang des Kontaktstifts bewegt, mit dem zweiten Stutzen zu vermeiden.The filtration method according to the invention, which can be carried out only under gravity or without applied additional pressure gradient, is based on the fact that a contact pin, preferably at least one, particularly preferably exactly one, covers the first socket or retentate cups contacted opposite the second surface of the filter material. The contact pin is approximately perpendicular to the second surface of the filter material and disposed approximately centrally within the portion of the filter material bounded by first and / or second sockets. The contact pin is fixed by at least one connecting piece, preferably exactly one, two or three symmetrically arranged around the contact pin connecting pieces on the second piece. The connecting piece (s) preferably extend radially or disc-shaped from the contact pin and more preferably have a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the contact pin which has a maximum diameter of the contact pin as the width across the contact pin and second pin distance Cross-sectional area in the clear cross-section of the second nozzle to form. In the case of a circular second neck and a contact pin arranged axially therein, a connecting piece may preferably extend radially from the contact pin to the second neck with a thickness which is measured in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the contact pin and at most the diameter of the contact pin. The length of the connector parallel to the axis of the contact pin may be smaller, preferably 10 to 50% larger, than the length of the connector adjacent to the second nozzle, adjacent to the contact pin, for contact of liquid moving along the contact pin avoid the second neck.

Beispielsweise kann die Vorrichtung aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Filtermaterial mit ein- oder beidseitig passend zu den Stirnflächen der Retentatnäpfe angeordneten Stutzen angrenzend an die Retentatnäpfe bzw. mit Stutzen, die Retentatnäpfe bilden, bestehen, wobei das Filtermaterial auf der den Retentatnäpfen gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche von einem ersten Ende eines Kontaktstifts kontaktiert wird, der mit einem an dem gegenüber des ersten Endes liegenden zweiten Ende des Kontaktstifts angeordneten Leitstift in Verbindung steht und der Leitstift in das Volumen eines Filtratnapfs einbringbar ist. In Ausführungsformen mit an dem Filtermaterial angeordneten Stutzen, die gegen die Stirnkanten der Retentatnäpfe gepresst werden können, ist eine Druckplatte gegen die zweiten Stutzen angeordnet. So können die Träger zur Halterung des Kontaktstifts an der Innenwandung einer deckungsgleich mit den ersten und/oder zweiten Stutzen anordnbaren Ausnehmung der Druckplatte fixiert sein. Weiter bevorzugt sind passend zu dem Filtermaterial bzw. den Retentatnäpfen ausgerichtete Filtratnäpfen unterhalb der Retentatnäpfe angeordnet, wobei die Leitstifte bis in das von den Wandungen der Filtratnäpfe aufgespannte Innenvolumen der Filtratnäpfe ragen.For example, the device of the filter material according to the invention with one or both sides matching the end faces of the Retentatnäpfe arranged nozzle adjacent to the Retentatnäpfe or with nozzles that form Retentatnäpfe consist, the filter material on the surface opposite the Retentatnäpfen surface from a first end of a Contact pin is contacted, which communicates with a located at the opposite end of the second end of the contact pin guide pin is in communication and the guide pin is introduced into the volume of a Filtratnapfs. In embodiments with nozzles arranged on the filter material and which can be pressed against the end edges of the retentate cups, a pressure plate is arranged against the second nozzles. Thus, the carrier for holding the contact pin on the inner wall of a congruent with the first and / or second nozzle can be arranged arranged recess of the pressure plate. More preferably, aligned to the filter material or the Retentatnäpfen aligned Filtratnäpfen below the Retentatnäpfe, wherein the guide pins protrude into the spanned by the walls of the Filtratnäpfe inner volume of Filtratnäpfe.

Die Druckplatte liegt mit Bereichen am Filtermaterial an, denen gegenüber die ersten Stutzen angeordnet sind, bzw. an den zweiten Stutzen an, um die ersten Stutzen gegen die Stirnflächen der Retentatnäpfe unter Spannung zu setzen. Zwischen diesen Bereichen weist die Druckplatte Öffnungen auf, die passend zu den von den ersten Stutzen umgrenzten Abschnitten des Filtermaterials angeordnet sind, um Filtrat aus dem Filtermaterial in Filtratnäpfe hindurchtreten zu lassen. Zwischen jedem Filttatnapf und einem passend ausgerichteten vorzugsweise oberhalb angeordneten zweiten Stutzen, der z.B. von einer Öffnung der Druckplatte gebildet ist, ist zumindest eine Belüftungsöffnung angeordnet, um Luft aus dem Filtratnapf austreten zu lassen, die durch eintretendes Filtrat verdrängt wird. Die Belüftungsöffnung kann z.B. durch eine Beabstandung von Filtratnapf und zweitem Stutzen hergestellt werden, wobei die Beabstandung z.B. durch Abstandshalter zwischen Druckplatte und Anordnung von Filtratnäpfen erzeugt ist.The pressure plate abuts with areas on the filter material, which are arranged opposite the first nozzle, or to the second nozzle to put the first nozzle against the end faces of the retentate cups under tension. Between these areas, the pressure plate has openings which are arranged to match the portions of the filter material bounded by the first neck in order to allow filtrate to pass from the filter material into filtrate cups. Between each Filttatnapf and a suitably oriented preferably disposed above second nozzle, which is e.g. is formed by an opening of the pressure plate, at least one vent opening is arranged to allow air to escape from the filtrate cup, which is displaced by entering filtrate. The ventilation opening may e.g. be prepared by a spacing of filtrate cup and second tube, the spacing being e.g. is created by spacers between pressure plate and arrangement of Filtratnäpfen.

In weniger bevorzugter Ausführungsform weist das Filtermaterials keine zweiten Stutzen auf, und die offenen Querschnitte der Retentatnäpfe sind von elastischem Dichtungsmaterial umgeben, so dass bei Anordnung des Filtermaterials gegen das Dichtungsmaterial an den Retentatnäpfen eine Flüssigkeitsdichtung um die Abschnitte des Filtermaterials gebildet wird, die an die Retentatnäpfe angrenzen.In less preferred embodiment, the filter material has no second sockets, and the open cross sections of the retentate cups are surrounded by elastic sealing material so that when the filter material is placed against the sealing material on the retentate cups, a liquid seal is formed around the portions of the filter material adjacent to the retentate cups adjoin.

Die Druckplatte weist vorzugsweise Dichtungen auf, die über eine erste Oberfläche der Druckplatte, die dem Filtermaterial zugewandt ist, herausragen und die Öffnungen der Druckplatte umfassen, besonders bevorzugt dann, wenn das Filtermaterial nur erste Stutzen und keine zweiten Stutzen aufweist, so dass das Filtermaterial unmittelbar die Druckplatte kontaktiert. Diese Dichtungen der Druckplatte sind gegen das Filtermaterial anordnbar und anpreßbar und dienen zur Verhinderung des Übertritts von Filtrat zwischen benachbarten Abschnitten des Filtermaterials. Die Dichtungen der Druckplatte können einstückig mit der Druckplatte geformt sein, oder auf der Druckplatte angeordnete, z.B. angeklebte oder in Nuten, die die Öffnungen der Druckplatte umfassen, angeordnete, elastische Dichtungen sein, z.B. O-Ringe.The pressure plate preferably has seals which protrude beyond a first surface of the pressure plate which faces the filter material and comprise the openings of the pressure plate, particularly preferably when the filter material has only first nozzles and no second nozzles, so that the filter material directly contacted the printing plate. These seals of the pressure plate can be arranged against the filter material and pressed and serve to prevent the passage of filtrate between adjacent portions of the filter material. The seals of the pressure plate may be formed integrally with the pressure plate or placed on the pressure plate, e.g. glued or in-grooves, which comprise the openings of the pressure plate, be arranged elastic seals, e.g. O-rings.

Die Druckplatte weist erfindungsgemäβ innerhalb ihrer Öffnungen zumindest jeweils einen Kontaktstift auf. Der Kontaktstift einer jeden Öffnung der Druckplatte ist mit Anordnung der Druckplatte gegen das Filtermaterial bzw. gegen die zweiten Stutzen des Filtermaterials anordnbar. Daher kontaktiert das erste Ende eines Kontaktstifts den von den ersten Stutzen umfaßten Abschnitt des Filtermaterials. In der Folge kann Filtrat nach Durchtritt durch das Filtermaterial entlang des Kontaktstifts strömen, was eine Verteilung des Filtrats über die Oberfläche der Öffnung in der Druckplatte reduziert oder verhindert. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass die Kontaktstifte einen Durchtritt von Filtrat durch ein Filtermaterial bewirken, wenn das Filtermaterial eine Membran mit Poren von nominellem Durchmesser von ca. 10 bis 0,45 µm ist, ohne eine über das Filtermaterial anliegende Druckdifferenz zu erfordern. So ermöglicht die vorliegende Erfindung den Durchtritt von Filtrat durch sogenannte Ultrafiltrationsmembranen, die bisher ohne anliegendes Druckgefälle im wesentlichen für das Filtrat undurchlässig sind. In der Folge kann die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung auch bei der Verwendung mit Filtermaterial mit nominellen Poren von 10 bis 0,2µm, vorzugsweise von 2 bis 0,43µm ohne ein über das Filtermaterial anliegendes Druckgefälle verwendet werden bzw. ohne Anschluß für anzulegenden Unterdruck und/oder Überdruck ausgeführt sein, wie dies im Stand der Technik für die Ultrafiltration vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, the pressure plate has at least one contact pin each within its openings. The contact pin of each opening of the pressure plate is arranged with the pressure plate can be arranged against the filter material or against the second nozzle of the filter material. Therefore, the first end of a contact pin contacts the portion of the filter material enclosed by the first sockets. As a result, filtrate, after passing through the filter material, may flow along the contact pin, reducing or preventing distribution of the filtrate across the surface of the opening in the pressure plate. Surprisingly, it has been found that the contact pins cause a passage of filtrate through a filter material when the filter material is a membrane with pores of nominal diameter of about 10 to 0.45 microns, without requiring a pressure difference across the filter material. Thus, the present invention allows the passage of filtrate through so-called ultrafiltration membranes, which are previously impermeable to the filtrate substantially without applied pressure gradient substantially. As a result, the filter device according to the invention can also be used when used with filter material with nominal pores of 10 to 0.2 .mu.m, preferably from 2 to 0.43 .mu.m without an applied over the filter material pressure gradient or without connection for applied negative pressure and / or pressure be executed, as provided in the prior art for ultrafiltration.

Das dem ersten Ende eines Kontaktstifts gegenüberliegende zweite Ende jedes Kontaktstifts kann bis in die Ebene ragen, in der die zweite Oberfläche der Druckplatte liegt, gegenüber deren Dichtungen bzw. gegenüber den Retentatnäpfen. Bevorzugt ragen die zweiten Enden von Kontaktstiften über die zweite Oberfläche der Druckplatte hinaus und bilden jeweils zumindest einen Leitstift, entlang welchem Filtrat strömen kann. Solche Leitstifte ragen vorzugsweise soweit über die zweite Oberfläche der Druckplatte, dass sie einen z.B. von Abstandshaltern auf der zweiten Oberfläche der Druckplatte hergestellten Abstand zu jeder Öffnung von Filtratnäpfen überspannen, und besonders bevorzugt bis in beabstandet zur Druckplatte angeordnete Filtratnäpfe hineinragen. Auf diese Weise überspannen die Leitstifte die Beabstandung von Filtratnäpfen zu zweiten Stutzen bzw. zur Druckplatte, wobei die Beabstandung die Belüftungsöffnung zum Austritt verdrängter Luft aus den Filtratnäpfen bildet. Leitstifte können jeweils im Innenvolumen der Filtratnäpfe anordnbar sein, ohne die innere Oberfläche der Filtratnäpfe zu kontaktieren, oder die Leitstifte können, vorzugsweise wenn sie elastisch verformbar sind, die innere Oberfläche der Filtratnäpfe kontaktieren, wenn diese mit Abstand oder unmittelbar angrenzend an der Druckplatte bzw. den Retentatnäpfen angeordnet sind. Alternativ zur Anformung eines Leitstifts am Kontaktstift können Leit- und Kontaktstifte jeweils getrennt voneinander in dem von der Öffnung der Druckplatte definierten Raum angeordnet sein, jeweils mit einem oder mehreren einzelnen oder gemeinsamen Verbindungsstücken innerhalb der Öffnung mit der Druckplatte verbunden.The second end of each contact pin opposite the first end of a contact pin can protrude into the plane in which the second surface of the pressure plate lies, opposite its seals or opposite the retentate cups. The second ends of contact pins preferably protrude beyond the second surface of the pressure plate and in each case form at least one guide pin along which filtrate can flow. Such guide pins preferably protrude so far beyond the second surface of the printing plate that they span a distance, for example, made by spacers on the second surface of the printing plate to each opening of Filtratnäpfen, and more preferably protrude into spaced apart from the pressure plate Filtratnäpfe. In this way, the guide pins span the spacing of Filtratnäpfen to second nozzle or to the pressure plate, wherein the spacing forms the ventilation opening for the escape of displaced air from the Filtratnäpfen. Guide pins may each be locatable in the inner volume of the filtrate cups without contacting the inner surface of the filtrate cups, or the guide pins may, preferably when elastically deformable, contact the inner surface of the filtrate cups when spaced or immediately adjacent to the pressure plate or the Retentatnäpfen are arranged. As an alternative to the formation of a guide pin on the contact pin, guide and contact pins can each be separated from one another in the opening of the pressure plate be defined space, each connected to one or more individual or common connectors within the opening with the pressure plate.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass Leitstifte, die bis in das von den Wandungen der Filtratnäpfe aufgespannte Volumen ragen, das Filtrat in die Filtratnäpfe leiten, und einen Übertritt über den Rand der Filtratnäpfe vermeiden helfen. Insbesondere bei kleinen Querschnitten der Filtratnäpfe, beispielsweise bei Näpfen einer Mikrotiterplatte mit 384 oder mehr Näpfen sind Leitstifte bevorzugt, um Filtrat jeweils in den Napf zu leiten, der passend ausgerichtet unterhalb des Abschnitts des Filtermaterials angeordnet ist, auf dessen gegenüberliegender Oberfläche ein Retentatnapf angeordnet ist.It has been found that guide pins that protrude into the volume defined by the walls of the filtrate cups guide the filtrate into the filtrate cups and help prevent passage over the edge of the filtrate cups. Especially with small cross-sections of the filtrate wells, such as wells of a microtiter plate with 384 or more wells guide pins are preferred to direct filtrate each in the cup, which is arranged suitably aligned below the portion of the filter material, on the opposite surface of a retentate cup is arranged.

Kontaktstifte und Leitstifte können einstückig mit der Druckplatte ausgebildet sein. Bevorzugt sind Kontaktstifte und/oder Leitstifte innerhalb einer Öffnung der Druckplatte mittels zumindest eines Verbindungsstücks mit der Druckplatte verbunden. Bevorzugt sind Kontaktstifte und Leitstifte mit einer hydrophoben Oberfläche versehen, bestehen beispielsweise aus hydrophobem Material und/oder sind mit hydrophobem Material beschichtet, z.B. mit einem hydrophoben Polymer, z.B. Polytetrafluorethylen, oder mit Lipid, gesättigtem Olefin oder Wachs. Hydrophobe Kontakt- und Leitstifte verbessern den Übertritt von Filtrat durch das Filtermaterial in die Filtratnäpfe, insbesondere bei Retentat- und Filtratnäpfen oder zweiten Stutzen mit kleinem Durchmesser, z.B. im Bereich von 1 bis 3 mm, insbesondere 1,5 bis 2mm.Contact pins and guide pins can be formed integrally with the pressure plate. Preferably, contact pins and / or guide pins are connected within an opening of the pressure plate by means of at least one connecting piece with the pressure plate. Preferably, contact pins and guide pins are provided with a hydrophobic surface, consist for example of hydrophobic material and / or are coated with hydrophobic material, e.g. with a hydrophobic polymer, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene, or with lipid, saturated olefin or wax. Hydrophobic contact and guide pins enhance the passage of filtrate through the filter material into the filtrate wells, particularly retentate and filtrate wells or small diameter, small diameter, e.g. in the range of 1 to 3 mm, in particular 1.5 to 2mm.

Auf der Seite des Filtermaterials, die den Retentatnäpfen gegenüber liegt, ist zum Auffangen des Filtrats eine Vielzahl passend ausgerichteter Auffang- oder Filtratnäpfe angeordnet, beispielsweise in Form einer Mikrotiterplatte. Die Filtratnäpfe sind einseitig offen, wobei ihre Öffnungen parallel gegenüberliegend zum Filtermaterial angeordnet sind, jeweils passend ausgerichtet zu den durch die Stutzen definierten Abschnitten.On the side of the filter material which lies opposite the retentate wells, a large number of appropriately aligned collecting or filtrate cups are arranged to collect the filtrate, for example in the form of a microtiter plate. The filtrate cups are open on one side, with their openings being arranged parallel to the filter material, in each case suitably aligned with the sections defined by the nozzles.

Das Filtermaterial kann Maschengrößen im Bereich von 0,22 bis 200 µm, vorzugsweise 45 bis 150 µm aufweisen und z.B. aus Polymeren, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polycarbonat, Mischungen und Copolymeren dieser oder aus Metall bestehen.The filter material may have mesh sizes in the range of 0.22 to 200 μm, preferably 45 to 150 μm, and e.g. of polymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, mixtures and copolymers thereof or of metal.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Stutzen, die ein- oder beidseitig auf dem Filtermaterial angeordnet sind, können auf einer oder beiden Seiten dadurch gebildet sein, dass ein elastisches Material auf dem Filtermaterial angeformt ist oder angeklebt ist, das eine im wesentlichen konstante Dicke aufweist und Durchbrechungen deren Kanten die Stutzen bilden.The nozzle according to the invention, which are arranged on one or both sides of the filter material, may be formed on one or both sides by an elastic material is formed on the filter material or is glued, which has a substantially constant thickness and openings whose edges form the nozzle.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung liegt in der Vielzahl von Näpfen, in denen eine Vielzahl von Proben parallel und isoliert voneinander ohne anliegenden Über- oder Unterdruck filtriert werden kann, sowie in ihrem einfachen Aufbau, der auf wenige Bestandteile beschränkt ist. Weiterhin ermöglicht der Aufbau der Filtervorrichtung eine einfache Demontage, Reinigung der Retentatnäpfe und des Filtermaterials und eine erneute Montage, so dass eine mehrfache Verwendung möglich ist. Insbesondere durch die Kontaktstifte, besonders bevorzugt mit zusätzlichen Leitstiften, vermindert bzw. verhütet die Vorrichtung die Vermischung von Proben, die sich in benachbarten Retentat- und Filtratnäpfen befinden.A particular advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the multiplicity of wells, in which a large number of samples can be filtered in parallel and isolated from each other without any overpressure or underpressure, and in their simple structure, which is limited to a few constituents. Furthermore, the structure of the filter device enables easy disassembly, cleaning of the retentate cups and the filter material and reassembly so that multiple use is possible. In particular, by the contact pins, particularly preferably with additional guide pins, the device reduces or prevents the mixing of samples which are located in adjacent retentate and Filtratnäpfen.

Die Erfindung wird nun genauer mit Bezug auf die Figuren beschrieben, in denen

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer Ausfühtungsform der Erfindung zeigt,
  • Figuren 2A und 2B schematisch Querschnittsansichten zweier Ausführungsformen des Filtermaterials zur Verwendung in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeigt,
  • Figur 3 eine Aufsicht der Schnittansicht von Figur 2 zeigt,
  • Figur 4 eine schematische Explosionsdarstellung einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeigt
  • Figur 5 schematisch eine einstückige Ausführungsform von Retentatnapf und Filtermaterial zur Verwendung in der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeigt,
  • Figur 6A eine schematische Querschnittsansicht eines Abschnitts einer Druckplatte zeigt.
  • Figur 6B eine schematische Aufsicht eines Abschnitts von Figur 6A zeigt und
  • Figur 7 schematisch eine Schnittdarstellung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Filtervorrichtung mit darunter angeordneten Filtratnäpfen zeigt.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the figures in which
  • FIG. 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention shows
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B 2 shows schematically cross-sectional views of two embodiments of the filter material for use in the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 a plan view of the sectional view of FIG. 2 shows,
  • FIG. 4 a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows an integral embodiment of retentate cup and filter material for use in the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 6A a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of a printing plate shows.
  • FIG. 6B a schematic plan view of a section of FIG. 6A shows and
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the filter device with Filtratnäpfen arranged underneath.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Mehrzahl von Retentatnäpfen 1, die parallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind, deren Wandungen 2 aneinander angrenzen, bzw. von einem gemeinsamen Abschnitt gebildet werden. Die Retentatnäpfe 1 haben ein offenes Ende 3, in das die zu filtrierende Flüssigkeit eingegeben werden kann, und einen gegenüberliegenden Querschnitt 4, die angrenzend an das Filtermaterial 10 angeordnet ist. Das Filtermaterial 10 weist auf seiner ersten Seite erste Stutzen 1 auf und auf seiner zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Seite zweite Stutzen 12, die jeweils passend zu den Stirnflächen 5 der Wandungen der Retentatnäpfe 1 angeordnet und ausgerichtet sind. Die ersten Stutzen 11 und die zweiten Stutzen 12 begrenzen zwischen sich passend angeordnete Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10, die jeweils zumindest einen Anteil der Querschnitte 4 der Retentatnäpfe 1 überdecken. Die ersten Stutzen 11 des Filtermaterials 10 grenzen dichtend an die Stirnflächen 5 der Wandungen der Retentatnäpfe 1 an, sodass Flüssigkeit, die durch das offene Ende 3 aufgegeben wird, unter Schwerkraft oder mit zusätzlicher Beschleunigung durch die Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10 zwischen den ersten Stutzen 11 bzw. den zweiten Stutzen 12 hindurch treten kann, jedoch nicht zwischen ersten Stutzen 11 und Stirnfläche 5 der Wandung der Retentatnäpfe 1 zu einem benachbarten Retentatnapf 1. FIG. 1 schematically shows a plurality of Retentatnäpfen 1, which are arranged parallel to each other, whose walls 2 adjacent to each other, or are formed by a common portion. The Retentatnäpfe 1 have an open end 3, in which the liquid to be filtered can be entered, and an opposite cross-section 4, which is disposed adjacent to the filter material 10. The filter material 10 has on its first side first port 1 and on its second, opposite side second port 12, which are respectively arranged and aligned to match the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1. The first pipe 11 and the second pipe 12 define between them suitably arranged portions 13 of the filter material 10, each covering at least a portion of the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1. The first sockets 11 of the filter material 10 sealingly adjoin the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1, so that liquid, which is discharged through the open end 3, under gravity or with additional acceleration through the portions 13 of the filter material 10 between the first nozzle 11th or the second nozzle 12 can pass through, but not between the first nozzle 11 and the end face 5 of the wall of the retentate cups 1 to an adjacent retentate cup. 1

Nach Durchtritt einer Flüssigkeit durch den Abschnitt 13 des Filtermaterials 10 zwischen den ersten Stutzen 11 und dem zweiten Stutzen 12 wird bei Wirkung der Schwerkraft bzw. einer Beschleunigung im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf das Filtermaterial 10 Filtrat zwischen den zweiten Stutzen 12 gehalten, sodass das Filtrat in die passend ausgerichteten Filtratnäpfe 20 treten kann. Die Filtratnäpfe 20 sind mit ihren offenen Enden 21 passend zu den Abschnitten 13 des Filtermaterials 10, die von den zweiten Stutzen 12 begrenzt werden, angeordnet. In bevorzugter Ausführungsform weisen die Retentatnäpfe 1 und die Filtratnäpfe 20 gleiche Abmessungen auf, beispielsweise entsprechend einer üblichen Mikrotiterplatte mit 96 oder mehr parallel zueinander angeordneten Näpfen. Die Filtratnäpfe 20 sind in einem Abstand zu den zweiten Stutzen 12 angeordnet, sodass zwischen den zweiten Stutzen 12 und den Wandungen der Auffangnäpfe 20 ein Abstand eingestellt ist, der als Belüftungsöffnung 30 dienen kann.After passage of a liquid through the portion 13 of the filter material 10 between the first port 11 and the second port 12 is held by the action of gravity or an acceleration substantially perpendicular to the filter material 10 filtrate between the second port 12, so that the filtrate in the suitably aligned Filtratnäpfe 20 can occur. The filtrate cups 20 are arranged with their open ends 21 to match the portions 13 of the filter material 10 bounded by the second sockets 12. In a preferred embodiment, the retentate cups 1 and the filtrate cups 20 have the same dimensions, for example corresponding to a conventional microtiter plate with 96 or more cups arranged parallel to one another. The filtrate cups 20 are arranged at a distance from the second nozzle 12, so that a distance is set between the second nozzle 12 and the walls of the collecting cups 20, which can serve as a ventilation opening 30.

Gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführung weist die Druckplatte 40 an Verbindungsstücken 46, die innerhalb der Öffnungen 41 angeformt sind, Kontaktstifte 44 auf. Diese Kontaktstifte 44 erstrechen sich bis an das Filtermaterial. Die Dichtungen 43 sind umfänglich geschlossen um die Öffnungen 41 auf der Seite der Druckplatte 40 angeordnet, die dem Filtermaterial 10 zugewandt ist und sind in dem Bereich angeordnet, der den Stirnflächen der Wandungen 2 der Retentatnäpfe 1 gegenüber passend anordnbar ist, bzw. in dem Bereich, der gegenüber den ersten Stutzen 11 und/oder gegenüber den zweiten Stutzen 12 anordnbar ist. Vorzugsweise sind die Dichtungen zu den ersten und/oder zweiten Stutzen 11, 12 passend ausgerichtet angeordnet, um gegen das Filtermaterial 10 bzw. die zweiten Stutzen 12 angeordnet zu werden. Auf diese Weise wird zu jedem Retentatnapf 1 ein Strömungsweg erzeugt, der nur zum Filtratnapf offen ist, dessen Querschnitt durch das Filtermaterial 10 überspannt wird. Durch die Kontakt- 44 und/oder Leitstifte 45 wird dem Filtrat ein Strömungsweg vorgegeben, der von den Wandungen der Öffnung 41 der Druckplatte 40 beabstandet ist, was zusätzlich zur Verminderung eines Übertritts von Filtrat in die nicht passend zu einem Retentatnapf ausgerichteten Filtratnapf beiträgt.According to the preferred embodiment, the pressure plate 40 on contact pieces 46 which are formed within the openings 41, contact pins 44 on. These contact pins 44 tear up to the filter material. The seals 43 are arranged peripherally closed around the openings 41 on the side of the pressure plate 40 which faces the filter material 10 and are arranged in the region which can be arranged opposite the end faces of the walls 2 of the retentate cups 1 or in the region , the opposite to the first port 11 and / or to the second port 12 can be arranged. Preferably, the seals to the first and / or second ports 11, 12 are arranged suitably aligned to be disposed against the filter material 10 and the second nozzle 12, respectively. In this way, a flow path is generated for each retentate cup 1, which is open only to the filtrate cup, whose cross section is spanned by the filter material 10. Through the contact 44 and / or guide pins 45, the filtrate, a flow path is set, which is spaced from the walls of the opening 41 of the pressure plate 40, which additionally contributes to reducing a passage of filtrate in the not properly aligned to a retentate cup filtrate.

Figur 2A zeigt schematisch eine Querschnittsansicht durch das Filtermaterial 10 und zeigt die ersten Stutzen 11 und die zweiten Stutzen 12 in Form von Abschnitten eines elastischen Materials, beispielsweise eines plastischen Polymers, das beidseitig auf das Filtermaterial 10 aufgebracht ist und Ausnehmungen aufweist, die deren Kanten die ersten Stutzen 11 und die zweiten Stutzen 12 bilden. FIG. 2A 12 schematically shows a cross-sectional view through the filter material 10 and shows the first sockets 11 and the second sockets 12 in the form of sections of elastic material, for example a plastic polymer, applied on both sides to the filter material 10 and having recesses, the edges of which are the first sockets 11 and the second nozzle 12 form.

Die in Figur 2B gezeigte Ausführungsform weist keine zweiten Stutzen 12 auf der zweiten Seite des Filtermaterials 10 auf.In the FIG. 2B embodiment shown has no second nozzle 12 on the second side of the filter material 10.

Figur 3 zeigt schematisch eine Aufsicht auf das in Figur 2 dargestellte Filtermaterial 10, dessen Abschnitte 13 dadurch gebildet werden, dass das elastische Material in diesen Bereichen Ausnehmungen aufweist. Das elastische Material, das angrenzend an die Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10 angeordnet ist, bildet die ersten Stutzen 11 auf der ersten Seite des Filtermaterials 10, bzw. die zweiten Stutzen 12 auf der zweiten Seite des Filtermaterials 10. FIG. 3 schematically shows a plan view of the in FIG. 2 illustrated filter material 10, the portions 13 are formed by the fact that the elastic material has recesses in these areas. The elastic material disposed adjacent to the portions 13 of the filter material 10 forms the first sockets 11 on the first side of the filter material 10 and the second sockets 12 on the second side of the filter material 10, respectively.

Die dichtende Anordnung der ersten Stutzen 11 gegen die Stirnflächen 5 der Wandungen der Retentatnäpfe 1 kann dadurch erfolgen, dass eine Druckplatte 40 unter Spannung gegen die zweiten Stutzen 12 angeordnet ist. Eine solche Druckplatte 40 weist Öffnungen 41 in den Bereichen auf, die zumindest einen Teil der Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10 entsprechen und passend zu den Abschnitten 13 des Filtermaterials 10 ausgerichtet sind. Die Belüftungsöffnungen 30 können in allen Ausführungen der Erfindung als zumindest abschnittsweise Beabstandung zwischen der Druckplatte 40 und Filtrat- bzw. Auffangnäpfen 20 bereitgestellt sein.The sealing arrangement of the first nozzle 11 against the end faces 5 of the walls of the retentate cups 1 can be effected in that a pressure plate 40 is arranged under tension against the second nozzle 12. Such a pressure plate 40 has openings 41 in the areas corresponding to at least a portion of the portions 13 of the filter material 10 and are aligned with the portions 13 of the filter material 10. In all embodiments of the invention, the ventilation openings 30 can be provided as at least partial spacing between the pressure plate 40 and the filtrate or collecting cups 20.

Zur Erzeugung der Spannung der Druckplatte 40 gegen die Stirnflächen 5 der Retentatnäpfe 1 mit zwischen diesen angeordneten ersten Stutzen 11 und zweiten Stutzen 12 des Filtermaterials 10 kann durch Anordnung der Retentatnäpfe 11 und der Druckplatte 40 zwischen parallelen beabstandeten Platten erfolgen, die miteinander verbunden sind.To generate the voltage of the pressure plate 40 against the end faces 5 of the retentate 1 with arranged between them first port 11 and second port 12 of the filter material 10 can be done by arranging the Retentatnäpfe 11 and the pressure plate 40 between parallel spaced plates which are interconnected.

Eine solche Anordnung der erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung ist schematisch in Figur 4 als Explosionszeichnung darstellt. Die Retentatnäpfe 1 sind in einer Vielzahl paralleler Reihen angeordnet, wobei sich ihre offenen Enden 3 und ihre Querschnitte 4 in jeweils einer parallelen beabstandeten Ebene befinden. Das Filtermaterial 10 ist zwischen beidseitig aufgebrachtem elastischen Material angeordnet, das jeweils die ersten Stutzen 11 und zweiten Stutzen 12 bildet, die zwischen sich Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10 umgrenzen. Die Abschnitte 13 des Filtermaterials 10 sind deckungsgleich mit den Querschnitten 4 der Retentatnäpfe 1 anzuordnen und erstrecken sich zumindest über einen Teil der Querschnitte 4, vorzugsweise vollständig über die Querschnitte 4.Such an arrangement of the filter device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 4 as an exploded view. The retentate cups 1 are arranged in a plurality of parallel rows with their open ends 3 and their cross-sections 4 in each case in a parallel spaced-apart plane. The filter material 10 is arranged between elastic material applied on both sides, which respectively forms the first connection 11 and second connection 12, which delimit sections 13 of the filter material 10 between them. The sections 13 of the filter material 10 are to be arranged congruently with the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1 and extend over at least part of the cross sections 4, preferably completely over the cross sections 4.

Ebenfalls passend zu den Querschnitten 4 der Retentatnäpfe 1 angeordnet und auszurichten sind Öffnungen 41 der Druckplatte 40, sodass Filtrat aus den Retentatnäpfen 1, begrenzt durch deren Querschnitte, zwischen den ersten Stutzen 11 auf die Abschnitte 13 des Flitermaterials 10 fließen kann, und die ersten Stutzen 11 die Querschnitte der Retentatnäpfe 1 gegeneinander abdichten.Also arranged to match the cross sections 4 of the retentate cups 1 and align are openings 41 of the pressure plate 40 so that filtrate from the Retentatnäpfen 1, bounded by the cross sections, between the first nozzle 11 to the portions 13 of the Flitermaterials 10 can flow, and the first nozzle 11, the cross sections of the Retentatnäpfe 1 against each other.

Zum Aufbringen einer Kraft, mit der die Druckplatte 40 gegen die zweiten Stutzen 12 unter Spannung gesetzt wird, und die Retentatnäpfe 1 gegen die ersten Stutzen 11 unter Spannung gesetzt wird, sind Druckplatte 40, Filtermaterial 10 und Retentatnäpfe 1 zwischen parallelen beabstandeten Schienen 51, 52 angeordnet, die z.B. als integraler Bestandteil einer Klemmvorrichtung 50 bereitgestellt sein können. In dieser Ausführungsform nach Art einer Kassette oder eines Rahmens ist die Anordnung aus Retentatnäpfen 1, Druckplatte 40 mit zwischen diesen angeordnetem Filtermaterial 10, dessen ersten und zweiten Stutzen 11, 12 jeweils gegen die Druckplatte 40 bzw. gegen die Stirnflächen 5 der Retentatnäpfe angeordnet sind, zwischen die Schienen 51, 52 eingeschoben.To apply a force to stress the pressure plate 40 against the second sockets 12 and tension the retentate cups 1 against the first sockets 11, the pressure plate 40, filter material 10, and retentate cups 1 are between parallel spaced rails 51, 52 arranged, for example may be provided as an integral part of a clamping device 50. In this embodiment, in the manner of a cassette or a frame, the arrangement of Retentatnäpfen 1, pressure plate 40 with arranged between them filter material 10, the first and second ports 11, 12 are respectively disposed against the pressure plate 40 and against the end faces 5 of the retentate cups, inserted between the rails 51, 52.

Alternativ ist es auch möglich, die Druckplatte 40 dadurch gegen die zweiten Stutzen 12 des Filtermaterials 10 unter Spannung zu setzen, dass die Druckplatte 40 gegen die Retentatnäpfe 1 gespannt ist, beispielsweise durch Befestigungselemente (nicht dargestellt), z.B. Schrauben, die die Retentatnäpfe 1 gegen den Druckplatte 40 ziehen. Bohrungen 6 für solche Schrauben sind mit den Retentatnäpfen 1 verbunden, Bohrungen 42 mit der Druckplatte 40. Eine der passend paarweise zu einander ausgerichteten Bohrungen 42 der Druckplatte 40 bzw. der Bohrungen 6 der Retentatnäpfe 1 sind vorzugsweise mit einem Gewinde versehen. Das Filtermaterial 10 weist vorzugsweise ebenfalls Bohrungen 14 zum Durchtritt von Befestigungselementen auf, die zur Ausrichtung des Filtermaterials 10 zwischen den Retentatnäpfen 1 und der Druckplatte 40 dienen.Alternatively, it is also possible to set the pressure plate 40 against the second port 12 of the filter material 10 under tension, that the pressure plate 40 is clamped against the retentate cups 1, for example by fasteners (not shown), eg screws, pulling the Retentatnäpfe 1 against the pressure plate 40. Holes 6 for such screws are connected to the Retentatnäpfen 1, holes 42 with the pressure plate 40. One of the pairs in pairs aligned bores 42 of the pressure plate 40 and the bores 6 of the Retentatnäpfe 1 are preferably provided with a thread. The filter material 10 preferably also has holes 14 for the passage of fasteners, which serve to align the filter material 10 between the Retentatnäpfen 1 and the pressure plate 40.

Figur 6A zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine Druckplatte 40 mit um die Öffnungen 41 angeordneten Dichtungen 43, die gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführung über die Oberfläche der Druckplatte 40 hinausragen, die dem Filtermaterial 10 zugewandt anordnbar ist, in Figur 6A die Oberseite. Die Dichtungen 43 sind optional und können aus dem Material der Druckplatte bestehen, z.B. angeformt sein, oder aus einem anderen Material bestehen. Dichtungen 43 können aus nicht-elastisch verformbaren Material bestehen, z.B. aus PE, PP, PC, Polyacrylat, insbesondere in Ausführungsformen, in denen das Filtermaterial 10 zweite Stutzen 12 aus elastischem Material aufweiset, die mit den Dichtungen 43 in Kontakt bringbar sind. Dichtungen 43 benachbarter Öffnungen 41 können von einem gemeinsamen Strukturelement gebildet sein. FIG. 6A shows a cross section through a pressure plate 40 with arranged around the openings 41 seals 43 which protrude beyond the surface of the pressure plate 40 according to the preferred embodiment, which can be arranged facing the filter material 10, in FIG. 6A the top. The seals 43 are optional and may consist of the material of the pressure plate, for example, be formed, or consist of a different material. Seals 43 may consist of non-elastically deformable material, for example of PE, PP, PC, polyacrylate, in particular in embodiments in which the filter material 10 second stub 12 of elastic material has, which are engageable with the seals 43 in contact. Seals 43 of adjacent openings 41 may be formed by a common structural element.

Innerhalb der Öffnungen 41 ist jeweils ein Kontaktstift 44 auf einem oder zwei Verbindungsstücken 45 angeordnet. Die Verbindungsstücke 45 sind jeweils an der Innenwandung der Öffnung 41 der Druckplatte 40 fixiert, vorzugsweise einstückig aus dem Material der Druckplatte 40 geformt. Die Kontaktstifte 44 sind in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen gezeigt, in denen sie z.B. bis in die Ebene ragen, in die die Dichtungen 43 ragen, oder über die Ebene hinaus, in die die Dichtungen 43 ragen. Die Länge der Kontaktstifte 44 hängt von der Ausführung des Filtermaterials ab, und ist bei einem Filtermaterial ohne zweite Stutzen 12 vorzugsweise bis in die Ebene, in die die Dichtungen 43 ragen. Bei Filtermaterial mit zweiten Stutzen 12 erstrecken sich die Kontaktstifte 44 vorzugsweise um die Erstreckung der zweiten Stutzen 12 oberhalb der Ebene, in die sich die Dichtungen 43 erstrecken. Auf diese Weise wird abhängig vom Vorhandensein der zweiten Stutzen 12 ein Kontakt der Kontaktstifte 44 mit dem Filtermaterial 10 im Bereich von dessen Abschnitten 13, die sich jeweils über einen Querschnitt der Retentatnäpfe 1 erstrecken, bei Anordnung der Druckplatte 40 parallel zum Filtermaterial 10 möglich.Within the openings 41, a respective contact pin 44 is arranged on one or two connecting pieces 45. The connecting pieces 45 are each fixed to the inner wall of the opening 41 of the pressure plate 40, preferably integrally formed from the material of the pressure plate 40. The contact pins 44 are shown in various embodiments, in which they protrude, for example, to the level in which the seals 43 protrude, or beyond the plane in which the seals 43 protrude. The length of the contact pins 44 depends on the design of the filter material, and in the case of a filter material without a second connecting piece 12, preferably up to the plane into which the seals 43 project. In the case of filter material with a second connecting piece 12, the contact pins 44 preferably extend around the extension of the second connecting pieces 12 above the plane into which the seals 43 extend. In this way, depending on the presence of the second nozzle 12, a contact of the contact pins 44 with the filter material 10 in the region of its portions 13, each extending over a cross section of the retentate 1, with arrangement of the pressure plate 40 parallel to the filter material 10 possible.

Die Leitstifte 45 dienen zur Führung des Filtrats in die Filtratnäpfe 20, um einen Übertritt in einen benachbarten Filtratnapf 20 zu minimieren Wie in Figur 6A gezeigt können Leitstifte 45 bis in die Ebene der Oberfläche der Druckplatte 40 gegenüber dem Filtermaterial ragen. Vorzugsweise ragen die Leitstifte 45 über die Oberfläche der Druckplatte hinaus, so dass sie bis in angrenzend angeordnete Filtratnäpfe ragen. Auf diese Weise wird der Übertritt von Filtrat durch Aerosole, die sich beim Abfallen eines Tropfens von dem Kontaktstift 44 bzw. Leitstift 45 bilden können, in benachbarte Filtratnäpfe vermindert.The guide pins 45 serve to guide the filtrate into the filtrate cups 20 to minimize passage into an adjacent filtrate cup 20 FIG. 6A Guide pins 45 can protrude into the plane of the surface of the pressure plate 40 opposite the filter material. Preferably, the guide pins 45 protrude beyond the surface of the printing plate so that they project into adjacently disposed filtrate cups. In this way, the passage of filtrate through aerosols, which can form when falling of a drop from the contact pin 44 and Leitstift 45, reduced in adjacent Filtratnäpfe.

In Figur 6B ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform gezeigt, nämlich die einstückige Ausbildung von Kontaktstift 44 mit Leitstift 45, die von einem gemeinsamen Verbindungsstück 46 an der Innenwandung der Öffnung 41 der Druckplatte 40 fixiert sind.In FIG. 6B a preferred embodiment is shown, namely the one-piece design of contact pin 44 with guide pin 45, which are fixed by a common connecting piece 46 on the inner wall of the opening 41 of the pressure plate 40.

Figur 7 zeigt Retentatnäpfe 1, die von Wandungen 2 gebildet werden und den Querschnitt 4 der Retentatnäpfe 1 aufspannen. Die Querschnitte 4 werden von Filtermaterial 10 abgedeckt. Die Druckplatte 40 weist jeweils einen Kontaktstift 44 innerhalb einer Öffnung 41 auf, wobei die Öffnung 41 den Querschnitt 4 überdeckt, mit diesem passend ausgerichtet ist und von dem Kontaktstift 44, ggf. auch von Leitstift 45 unterbrochen ist. Der Kontaktstift 44 und der gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform einstückig mit diesem ausgebildete Leitstift 45 werden von 2 plattenförmigen Verbindungsstücken 46 getragen, die jeweils an der Innenwandung einer Öffnung 41 der Druckplatte 40 fixiert, bevorzugt mit dieser verbunden sind. Die Verbindungsstücke 46 haben in dieser Darstellung vorzugsweise eine Dicke in der Schnittebene, d.h. in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Achse des Kontaktstifts 44, gleich oder geringer als der Durchmesser des Kontaktstifts 44. Generell sind Kontaktstift 44 und Leitstifte 45 vorzugsweise mit rundem Querschnitt. FIG. 7 shows Retentatnäpfe 1, which are formed by walls 2 and span the cross section 4 of the Retentatnäpfe 1. The cross sections 4 are covered by filter material 10. The pressure plate 40 has in each case a contact pin 44 within an opening 41, wherein the opening 41 covers the cross section 4, is aligned with this and is interrupted by the contact pin 44, possibly also by guide pin 45. The contact pin 44 and integrally formed therewith according to the preferred embodiment of this guide pin 45 are supported by 2 plate-shaped connecting pieces 46, which are respectively fixed to the inner wall of an opening 41 of the pressure plate 40, preferably connected thereto. The connecting pieces 46 in this illustration preferably have a thickness in the sectional plane, ie in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the contact pin 44, equal to or less than the diameter of the contact pin 44. Generally, the contact pin 44 and guide pins 45 are preferably of round cross-section.

Dichtungen 43 können als Vorsprung und/oder Ausnehmung gebildet sein, die mit der Stirnfläche der Wandung 2 der Retentatnäpfe 1 in Eingriff treten, optional wie dargestellt mit zumindest einem Abschnitt des Filtermaterials 10, der auf der Stirnfläche der Wandung 2 der Retentatnäpfe 1 liegt. Der Kontaktstift 44 kontaktiert das Filtermaterial 10. Vorzugsweise ist der Leitstift, wie hier gezeigt, so lang, dass er durch das offene Ende 21 den Filtratnapfs in das von dem Filtratnapf 20 aufgespannte Volumen ragt. Generell sind die Filtratnäpfe zumindest abschnittsweise von der Druckplatte beabstandet, z.B. durch Abstandshalter zwischen zweiten Stutzen bzw. Druckplatte und Filtratnäpfen oder Ausnehmungen der Wandung der Filtratnäpfe und/oder der zweiten Stutzen bzw. der Druckplatte, um durch eintretendes Filtrat verdrängtes Medium, z.B. Luft, aus den Filtratnäpfen entweichen zu lassen.Seals 43 may be formed as a projection and / or recess, which engage with the end face of the wall 2 of the retentate 1, optionally as shown with at least a portion of the filter material 10, which lies on the end face of the wall 2 of the retentate 1. The contact pin 44 contacts the filter material 10. Preferably, the guide pin, as shown here, is so long that it projects through the open end 21 of the filtrate cup into the volume spanned by the filtrate cup 20. In general, the filtrate cups are at least partially spaced from the pressure plate, for example by spacers between the second nozzle or pressure plate and Filtratnäpfen or recesses of the wall of the filtrate and / or the second nozzle or the Pressure plate in order to escape from the Filtratnäpfen displaced medium, eg air, by entering filtrate.

Die Retentatnäpfe 1 können durch form- oder kraftschlüssige Verbindung, z.B. durch Anformen oder Verkleben ihrer Wandungen 1 mit den die Öffnungen 41 umgebenden Abschnitten der Druckplatte 40 verbunden sein, so dass die erfindungsgemäße Filtervorrichtung die Retentatnäpfe 1, ein diese einseitig abschließendes Filtermaterial 10, einen das Filtermaterial 10 kontaktierenden Kontaktstift 44, der in einer Öffnung 41 einer Druckplatte angeordnet ist, und der Druckplatte 40 besteht.The retentate cups 1 can be made by positive or non-positive connection, e.g. be connected by molding or gluing their walls 1 with the openings 41 surrounding portions of the pressure plate 40, so that the filter device according to the invention, the retentate 1, a one-sided final filter material 10, a filter material 10 contacting the contact pin 44 in an opening 41 a Pressure plate is arranged, and the pressure plate 40 is made.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
RetentatnapfRetentatnapf
22
Wandungwall
33
Offenes EndeOpen end
44
Querschnittcross-section
55
Stirnfläche der WandungFace of the wall
66
Bohrungdrilling
1010
Filtermaterialfilter material
1111
erste Stutzenfirst nozzle
1212
zweite Stutzensecond neck
1313
Abschnitt des FiltermaterialsSection of the filter material
1414
Bohrungdrilling
2020
Filtratnapf oder AuffangnapfFiltrate bowl or collection bowl
2121
offenes Ende des Filtratnapfsopen end of the filtrate bowl
3030
Belüftungsöffnungventilation opening
4040
Druckplatteprinting plate
4141
Öffnungopening
4242
Bohrungdrilling
4343
Dichtungpoetry
4444
Kontaktstiftpin
4545
Leitstiftguide pin
4646
Verbindungsstückjoint
5050
Rahmenframe
5151
Schienerail
5252
Schienerail

Claims (20)

  1. Filtering device having a plurality of retentate wells (1) arranged in at least one row having open ends (3) and opposite ends with open cross-sections (4) in a common spaced plane covered by a filtering material (10) which on its first side has formed first sockets (11) delimiting sections (13) of the filtering material (10) aligned to match the open cross-sections (4) of the retentate wells (1), wherein the first sockets (11) are arrangeable sealingly against the abutting surfaces (5) of the walls of the retentate wells (1), characterized by seals (43) surrounding openings (41) of a pressure plate (40) arranged matching the open cross-sections (4) of the retentate wells (1), and which under tension are arrangeable at least circumferentially around the sections (13) of the filtering material (10) against the filtering material (10), wherein the pressure plate (40) within each of its openings (41) has a contact pin (44) which is arranged perpendicularly to the second surface of the filtering material (10) and centrally within the section of the filtering material (10) encircled by first sockets (11), wherein the contact pin (44) contacts the second surface of the filtering material (10) opposite the first sockets (11).
  2. Filtering device according to claim 1, characterized by second sockets (12) arranged on the second side of the filtering material (10) matching the first sockets (11), the second sockets (12) surrounding the sections (13) of the filtering material (10).
  3. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seals (43) of the pressure plate (40) and the pressure plate are formed in one piece.
  4. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seals (43) are circumferential regions of the openings (41) of the pressure plate (40).
  5. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that seals (43) which protrude over the surface of the pressure plate (40) surround the openings (41) of a pressure plate (40).
  6. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sockets (11) and/or the second sockets (12) are formed by limiting edges of openings of elastic material covering the filtering material (10) at least on one side.
  7. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filtering material (10) is fixed to the retentate wells (1).
  8. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first sockets (11) and/or the second sockets (12) are glued, melted on or formed on the filtering material (10).
  9. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second sockets (12) are formed by openings (41) of the pressure plate.
  10. Filtering device according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one contact pin (44) is arranged in a second socket (12).
  11. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retentate wells (1) formed by first sockets (11), second sockets (12) formed by openings of the pressure plate (40), the filtering material (10) covering the retentate wells on one side and the contact pin (44) are connected to one another.
  12. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that filtrate wells (20) are arranged with their open ends (21) aligned to match and spaced opposite the sections (13) of the filtering material (10).
  13. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retentate wells (1), the pressure plate (40) and filtering material (10) arranged between these are arranged under tension between parallel spaced rails (51, 52).
  14. Filtering device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure plate (40) within each of its openings (41) has at least one guide pin (45) protruding at least into the plane of the surface of the pressure plate (40) averted from the filtering material (10).
  15. Filtering device according to claim 14, characterized in that the contact pin (44) and/or the guide pin (45) each are arranged at a common connecting piece (46) or at separate connecting pieces (46) each fixed at the inner wall of the opening (41) of the pressure plate (40).
  16. Filtering device according to claim 15, characterized in that the contact pin (44) and the guide pin (45) are formed of one single piece.
  17. Filtering device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the connecting piece (46) and the contact pin (44) and/or the guide pin (45) are formed of one single piece.
  18. Process for the production of a filtrate, characterized by the use of a filtering device according to one of the preceding claims.
  19. Process according to claim 18, characterized in that it is only carried out under the influence of gravity or under acceleration of the retentate against the filtering material (10) under the influence of centrifugal force.
  20. Process according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that it is carried out at atmospheric pressure or using a pressure difference present over the filtering material (10).
EP08749693A 2007-04-24 2008-04-24 Multi-hole test device Not-in-force EP2142299B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202007005989U DE202007005989U1 (en) 2007-04-24 2007-04-24 Simply constructed filter device, for filtering several liquid samples, includes row(s) of retentate wells, filter medium with connectors and seals enclosing openings in pressure plate
PCT/EP2008/054979 WO2008129072A1 (en) 2007-04-24 2008-04-24 Multi-hole test device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2142299A1 EP2142299A1 (en) 2010-01-13
EP2142299B1 true EP2142299B1 (en) 2012-10-10

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EP08749693A Not-in-force EP2142299B1 (en) 2007-04-24 2008-04-24 Multi-hole test device

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DE (1) DE202007005989U1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008129072A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4427415A (en) * 1979-01-05 1984-01-24 Cleveland Patrick H Manifold vacuum biochemical test method and device
US5326533A (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-07-05 Millipore Corporation Multiwell test apparatus
IL118155A (en) 1996-05-06 2000-02-29 Combact Diagnostic Systems Ltd Method and device for handling specimens
US5861094A (en) 1997-04-17 1999-01-19 Goehde; Wolfgang Filter for biological particle separation
AU2002305712A1 (en) 2001-05-31 2002-12-09 Pall Corporation Well for processing and filtering a fluid
US7211224B2 (en) 2002-05-23 2007-05-01 Millipore Corporation One piece filtration plate

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WO2008129072A1 (en) 2008-10-30
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