EP2138374B1 - Procédé de détermination d'une grandeur d'état d'un wagon de marchandises, appareil de télématique et wagon de marchandises - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination d'une grandeur d'état d'un wagon de marchandises, appareil de télématique et wagon de marchandises Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2138374B1
EP2138374B1 EP09163486A EP09163486A EP2138374B1 EP 2138374 B1 EP2138374 B1 EP 2138374B1 EP 09163486 A EP09163486 A EP 09163486A EP 09163486 A EP09163486 A EP 09163486A EP 2138374 B1 EP2138374 B1 EP 2138374B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
goods vehicle
state variable
radio signal
state
telematics device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09163486A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2138374A2 (fr
EP2138374A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Windolf
Peter Dr. Faubel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2138374A2 publication Critical patent/EP2138374A2/fr
Publication of EP2138374A3 publication Critical patent/EP2138374A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2138374B1 publication Critical patent/EP2138374B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
    • B61L27/57—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for vehicles or trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions

Definitions

  • a telematic device which is mounted on the respective freight cars.
  • a telematic device comprises a transmission device which serves for data transmission from the freight car via a mobile radio network to the center.
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • a telematics device may also have other components, such as a satellite tracking device, which allows the telematics device to determine its own position and thus also the position of the freight car precisely.
  • a transmission of this information to the headquarters allows, for example, a monitoring of the whereabouts and the path of the freight car.
  • An arrangement with a freight car and a satellite locating device is known, for example, from the published international application WO 2005/082696 A1 known.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight car of the track-guided traffic.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic, in which a radio signal is emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight wagon, the radio signal is received by a receiver that is part of a telematics device of the freight wagon, and at least one characteristic of the received radio signal is determined, and from the determined at least one parameter, the state variable is determined, wherein at least the signal strength is determined as a parameter of the received radio signal.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageous because it makes it possible to dispense with special sensors for determining the state variable.
  • a radio signal emitted by a transmitter mounted in or on the freight car is advantageously received by a receiver which is part of a telematics device of the freight car.
  • the receiving side ie by the telematic device, it is now possible to determine from the received radio signal at least one characteristic of this signal as well as to determine from this determined at least one parameter the state variable.
  • the method according to the invention offers considerable advantages.
  • the inventive method has the fundamental advantage that only one Transmitter is required, ie a separate sensor is advantageously dispensed with.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly robust and reliable, since the risk of damaging components used for determining the state variable is considerably reduced due to the simplification of the arrangement.
  • the frequency of the radio signal used in the context of the method according to the invention is advantageously chosen as a function of the respective requirements and boundary conditions.
  • the frequency may be in the UHF (ultra-high frequency) range, i. approximately in the range between 300 MHz and 3 GHz.
  • the determination of the signal strength as a characteristic of the received radio signal is advantageous, since the signal strength is an attribute which is easy to determine and particularly sensitive to changes in the state of the freight wagon.
  • the method according to the invention is configured such that the state variable is determined using at least one known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or of known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable.
  • the method according to the invention is embodied such that a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted by the transmitter.
  • a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal is emitted by the transmitter.
  • the radio signal is preferably coded in such a way that a clear identification of the transmitter is made possible for the receiver or the telematics device. This avoids, on the one hand, that the telematics device receives and evaluates radio signals from transmitters of neighboring goods wagons and relates the ascertained state variable to the wagon in or on which it is mounted.
  • a coding of the radio signal also allows in such cases, in which several transmitters are mounted in or on the freight car, each emitting a radio signal, on the part of the telematics device, a reliable distinction of the received radio signals. This makes it possible, for example, to determine a plurality of different state variables of the freight wagon using a plurality of transmitters but a single receiver and a single telematics device.
  • the inventive method can also be configured such that a failure of the transmitter is detected at the receiving end based on a lack of presence signal.
  • a failure of the transmitter is detected at the receiving end based on a lack of presence signal.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to determine any state variables.
  • the only prerequisite here is that different values of the state variable too lead to a difference sufficient difference of the used characteristic of the received radio signal. This can be done, for example, by a greater attenuation of the radio signal occurring in one state than in the other state.
  • a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon is determined. This is advantageous because there is often a need in the context of telematics solutions to automatically determine the loading state of rail freight cars.
  • Said preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is based on the fact that even in the loaded state of the freight wagon a, albeit generally weaker, radio signal of the transmitter can be received by the receiver. This makes it possible to distinguish the loaded state of the freight car from a failure of the transmitter, since in the latter case, the radio signal is completely eliminated.
  • the distance between the transmitter and the telematics device or the receiver remains unchanged regardless of the loading state of the freight car and the transmitted field strength of the transmitter used is also assumed to be substantially constant, for example, the signal strength or received field strength received by the receiver in the Essentially of possibly located in the transmission objects. Since the load of a freight car typically causes a transmission damping or absorbs the radio signal, the preferred development of the method according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to automatically detect the loading state of the freight car.
  • a state variable indicating the position of an object in particular the position of a lever or the position of a rod, is determined. Also for the purpose of determining the position of an object, the method is particularly simple and inexpensive to use. For example, the costs of laying cables are saved, with corresponding cables would also be subject to a considerable risk of damage.
  • the object In order to be able to determine the position of the object, it is advantageous for the object to be monitored, i.
  • a damping element or damping material by which a weakening or damping of the radio signal is effected.
  • a suitable transmitting antenna can be used on the transmitting side, the emission direction of which points, for example, essentially in the direction of a damping plate.
  • an unwanted lateral radiation if necessary, can be additionally reduced by a shield further, for example, to make as large as possible the effect resulting from different lever positions in the characteristic.
  • damping material used be designed so that in the frequency range of the transmitter used a pronounced attenuation of the radio signal arises.
  • the transmitter is mounted on the object to be monitored itself.
  • the position of the object is detected by the fact that the radio signal impinges on differently reflecting or attenuating materials as a result of the orientation of the emission direction being different depending on the position of the object and a different signal strength is thereby determined, for example, at the receiver of the telematics device.
  • the installation of the transmitter and / or a damping element takes place in such a way that a condition regarded as unimportant or as comparatively unsafe causes a lower received signal.
  • This offers the advantage that a manipulation attempt by switching off or shading the transmitter or receiver does not lead to a safety-critical state.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously also be so pronounced that a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is determined.
  • a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon is determined since, for example, the reception field strength of the radio signal depends on obstacles located in the transmission path. For example, if the door is a metal door acts, it causes a strong attenuation of the received signal.
  • the frequency of the radio signal used in the UHF range and is chosen so that even a small opening of the door or the doors allows a significant leakage of the radio signal from the freight car.
  • the transmitter is advantageously disposed within the freight car.
  • the present invention further relates to a telematic device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a telematics device which supports a particularly simple and at the same time powerful method for determining a state variable of a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic.
  • a telematics device for a freight car of track-guided traffic with a receiver for receiving a radio signal and means for determining at least one parameter for the radio signal received by the receiver and for determining a state variable of the freight car from the determined at least one parameter, wherein the means for determining at least the signal strength is formed as a characteristic of the radio signal.
  • the telematics device according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to determine a state size of the freight car without a separate sensor, ie sensor-free.
  • the telematics device is embodied such that the device for determining the state variable is formed using a known threshold of the at least one characteristic and / or known reference values of the at least one characteristic dependent on the value of the respective state variable.
  • the telematics device according to the invention may also be so pronounced that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon.
  • the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod.
  • the telematics device according to the invention may advantageously also be developed in such a way that the device is designed to determine a state variable indicating the opening state of a door of the freight wagon.
  • the telematics device according to the invention is designed for processing radio signals which are received by different transmitters.
  • the determination of the state variable or the determination of several state variables takes place by means of several transmitters.
  • the present invention further includes a freight wagon of the track-guided traffic with a telematics device according to the invention or with a telematic device according to one of the preferred developments of the telematics device according to the invention described above.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that it has at least one transmitter for emitting the radio signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is so pronounced that the transmitter is designed to emit a radio signal in the form of a cyclic presence signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention can advantageously also be designed such that the device for detecting a failure of the transmitter is formed on the basis of a lack of the presence signal.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is designed such that the freight wagon a damping element which is arranged such that different positions of an object, in particular different positions of a lever or different positions of a push rod, lead to distinguishable values of the at least one characteristic.
  • the damping element can advantageously be attached to any component of the freight wagon, including the object itself.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is developed such that the transmitter is mounted on or in the freight wagon such that a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight wagon can be determined.
  • the transmitter is mounted on or in the goods wagon such that a state variable indicating the position of an object, in particular the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, can be determined.
  • the freight wagon according to the invention is also designed such that the telematics device determines or accepts a safety-critical value of the state variable in the event of an error.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sketch of a first embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a goods wagon G in the form of a container wagon or car transport wagon is shown.
  • the freight car G sunk at a suitable position in the loading area transmitters S1 and S2.
  • the position of the transmitter S1, S2 is selected such that they are each under an optionally existing container or vehicle.
  • the goods wagon G has a telematics device T with a receiver E and a device EINR.
  • the transmitters S1 and S2 respectively transmit radio signals F1, F2 in the form of a cyclic presence signal.
  • the radio signals F1, F2 are coded such that they can be assigned to the respective transmitters S1 and S2, respectively, so that the position from which the respective radio signal F1, F2 is emitted is known.
  • the transmitted radio signals F1 and F2 are received by a receiver E, which is part of the telematics device T of the freight car G.
  • the receiver E is connected to a device EINR which is designed to determine at least one parameter for the radio signal F1 or F2 received by the receiver E and to determine a state variable of the freight car G from the respectively determined at least one characteristic variable.
  • the device for determining the signal strength is designed as a respective parameter of the radio signals F1, F2.
  • the device EINR of the telematics device T is thus able to indicate the loading state of the freight wagon G or a state of load of the freight wagon G indicating state variable determine. This can be done, for example, by comparing the respectively received signal strength or received field strength with previously determined reference values for a loaded and an unloaded freight wagon. Based on a corresponding comparison is now recognized that the freight car G in the in FIG. 1 darg Homelanden situation is in the unloaded state.
  • This information can now be transmitted, for example, from the telematics device T via a mobile radio network, for example by SMS, to a control center or monitoring or control device.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 1 in the loaded condition.
  • the freight car G here is loaded with two containers C1 and C2.
  • the metal container C1, C2 is according to the representation of the FIG. 2 prevents a direct transmission of the radio signal F1 or F2 from the transmitters S1, S2 to the receiver E of the telematics device T substantially.
  • This has the consequence that the transmission of the radio signals F1 and F2 essentially by reflections to the environment, in particular to components of the freight car G and the containers C1, C2, takes place.
  • This is associated with a significantly changed signal strength or reception field strength, which is registered by the receiver E.
  • this may even be higher than in the unloaded state of the freight car G, as by a suitable reflection of the radio signals F1 and F2 to the containers C1, C2 or to the freight car G in principle, a gain of the receiver E received radio signal is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sketch of a second embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a freight car G in the form of a bulk freight car.
  • the mounting of a transmitter S on a side wall of the freight car G is particularly suitable.
  • a corresponding transmitter S for example, sunk in a groove can be mounted.
  • the radio signal F of the transmitter in FIG. 3 merely indicated as a signal, a plurality of transmitters may alternatively be provided instead of the transmitter S. This makes it possible to obtain a statement about the approximate degree of filling of the freight car G due to a different mounting height of the corresponding transmitter.
  • the device EINR from the signal strength of the received radio signal F that the freight car G is empty, ie unloaded.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a schematic sketch the freight car of FIG. 3 in the loaded condition.
  • the loading of the freight wagon G in the form of the bulk goods wagon can be detected by the telematics device T by the device EINR on the basis of a correspondingly stronger damping of the received radio signal F. If several transmitters S in different Height are mounted, then the degree of filling of the freight car G can be determined by the telematics device T by an evaluation of the coded, that is, in particular the respective transmitter identifying, radio signals. A corresponding provision would be in the embodiment of FIG. 4 come to the conclusion that the freight car G is completely filled.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic sketch of a third embodiment of the freight car according to the invention in the unloaded state.
  • a freight car G in the form of a closed freight car.
  • a closed freight wagon is particularly suitable as the mounting location of the transmitter S the ceiling of the freight car G in the interior, since the risk of damage from the load or during the loading process by loading equipment is comparatively low.
  • FIG. 6 shows the freight car of FIG. 5 in the loaded condition.
  • a state variable indicating the loading state of the freight car G can be determined.
  • a state variable indicating the position of an object for example the position of a lever or the position of a push rod, is to be determined.
  • the position of the transmitter is to be selected depending on the specific circumstances.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic sketch of a fourth embodiment of a freight car according to the invention in a state with the door open. Due to the opening of the door, a radio signal F emitted by the transmitter S in the form of a cyclic presence signal can pass unhindered to the outside. As a result, the signal strength received by the receiver E of the telematics device or the telematics box T is comparatively high. This makes it possible to recognize the part of the telematics device T, the door of the freight car G as open.
  • FIG. 8 shows the freight car of FIG. 7 in a condition with the door closed.
  • the radio signal F largely shielded in the form of the presence signal through the metal doors of the freight car G.
  • the radio signal F can penetrate only through small cracks or holes or possibly through the wooden floor assembly of the freight car G to the outside and are received there by the receiver E of the telematics device T.
  • the received by the telematics device T and the receiver E signal strength is comparatively low, from which it can be concluded that the freight car G is in a state in which the door is closed.
  • different state variables of the freight car can be determined using a single telematics device with a single receiver.
  • the radio signals that are emitted by the respective transmitters advantageously encoded so that the telematic device T an identification of the transmitting transmitter and thus also based on the respective received signal to be determined state variable is made possible.
  • the radio signal of a transmitter can be used to determine several state variables. However, a prerequisite in this case is that all possible combinations of values of the state variables can be determined from the at least one characteristic of the received radio signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Procédé de détermination d'une grandeur d'état d'un wagon (G) de marchandises du trafic guidé, dans lequel
    - on émet un signal (F, F1, F2) radio par un émetteur (S, S1, S2) mis dans ou sur le wagon (G) de marchandises,
    - on reçoit le signal (F, F1, F2) radio par un récepteur (E) qui fait partie d'un appareil (T) de télématique du wagon (G) de marchandises, et
    - on détermine au moins une grandeur caractéristique du signal (F, F1, F2) radio reçu et on détermine la grandeur d'état à partir de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique déterminée, au moins l'intensité du signal étant déterminée comme grandeur caractéristique du signal (F, F1, F2) radio reçu.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on détermine la grandeur d'état en utilisant au moins une valeur de seuil connue de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique et/ou de valeurs de référence, de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique connue, dépendant de la valeur de la grandeur d'état respective.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on émet par l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) un signal radio sous la forme d'un signal de présence cyclique.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on détecte une panne de l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) du côté de la réception au moyen d'une absence du signal de présence.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on détermine une grandeur d'état indiquant l'état de chargement du wagon (G) de marchandises.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on détermine une grandeur d'état indiquant la position d'un objet, notamment la position d'un levier ou la position d'une bielle.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on détermine une grandeur d'état indiquant l'état d'ouverture d'une porte du wagon (G) de marchandises.
  8. Appareil (T) de télématique pour un wagon (G) de marchandises du trafic guidé, comprenant
    - un récepteur (E) de réception d'un signal (F, F1, F2) radio et
    - un dispositif (EINR)
    - de détermination d'au moins une grandeur caractéristique du signal (F1, F2, F3) radio reçu par le récepteur (E) et
    - de détermination d'une grandeur d'état du wagon (G) de marchandises à partir de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique déterminée, caractérisé en ce que
    - le dispositif (EINR) de détermination est constitué pour déterminer au moins l'intensité du signal comme grandeur caractéristique du signal (F, F1, F2) radio.
  9. Appareil de télématique suivant la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif (EINR) est constitué pour la détermination de la grandeur d'état en utilisant au moins une valeur de seuil connue de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique et/ou de valeurs de référence, de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique connue, dépendant de la valeur de la grandeur d'état respective.
  10. Appareil de télématique suivant l'une des revendications 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif (EINR) est constitué pour la détermination d'une grandeur d'état indiquant l'état de chargement du wagon (G) de marchandises.
  11. Appareil de télématique suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif (EINR) est constitué pour la détermination d'une grandeur d'état indiquant la position d'un objet, notamment la position d'un levier ou de la position d'une bielle.
  12. Appareil de télématique suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif (EINR) est constitué pour la détermination d'une grandeur d'état indiquant l'état d'ouverture d'une porte du wagon (G) de marchandises.
  13. Appareil de télématique suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    l'appareil (T) de télématique est constitué pour le traitement de signaux (F1, F2) radio qui sont reçus d'émetteurs (S1, S2) différents.
  14. Wagon (G) de marchandises du trafic guidé ayant un appareil (T) de télématique suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 13.
  15. Wagon de marchandises suivant la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le wagon (G) de marchandises a au moins un émetteur (S, S1, S2) pour l'émission du signal (F, F1, F2) radio.
  16. Wagon de marchandises suivant la revendication 14 ou 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) est constitué pour l'émission d'un signal (F, F1, F2) radio sous la forme d'un signal de présence cyclique.
  17. Wagon de marchandises suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif est constitué pour la détection d'une panne de l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) au moyen d'une absence du signal de présence.
  18. Wagon de marchandises suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le wagon (G) de marchandises comporte un élément d'amortissement monté de manière à ce que des positions différentes d'un objet, notamment des positions différentes d'un levier ou des positions différentes d'une bielle, donnent des valeurs pouvant être distinguées de la au moins une grandeur caractéristique.
  19. Wagon de marchandises suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 18,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) est mis sur ou dans le wagon (G) de marchandises de manière à pouvoir déterminer une grandeur d'état indiquant l'état de chargement du wagon (G) de marchandises.
  20. Wagon de marchandises suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 19
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'émetteur (S, S1, S2) est mis sur ou dans le wagon (G) de marchandises de manière à pouvoir déterminer une grandeur d'état indiquant la position d'un objet, notamment la position d'un levier ou la position d'une bielle.
  21. Wagon de marchandises suivant l'une des revendications 14 à 20,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le wagon (G) de marchandises est réalisé de manière à ce que l'appareil (T) de télématique détermine ou prenne, en cas de défaillance, une valeur critique, du point de vue de la sécurité, d'une grandeur d'état.
EP09163486A 2008-06-27 2009-06-23 Procédé de détermination d'une grandeur d'état d'un wagon de marchandises, appareil de télématique et wagon de marchandises Not-in-force EP2138374B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008030989A DE102008030989A1 (de) 2008-06-27 2008-06-27 Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer Zustandsgröße eines Güterwagens, Telematikgerät sowie Güterwagen

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2138374A2 EP2138374A2 (fr) 2009-12-30
EP2138374A3 EP2138374A3 (fr) 2010-09-01
EP2138374B1 true EP2138374B1 (fr) 2012-08-15

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DE102005034488A1 (de) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Railion Deutschland Ag Autonome Laufverfolgung und Disposition von Güterwagen mittels Satellitenortung und Sensorik
US7458260B2 (en) * 2005-11-07 2008-12-02 Claridy Solutions, Inc. Fluid level detection using RF

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EP2138374A2 (fr) 2009-12-30
EP2138374A3 (fr) 2010-09-01
DE102008030989A1 (de) 2010-01-14

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