EP2133651A2 - Vision device for fighting vehicles - Google Patents

Vision device for fighting vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2133651A2
EP2133651A2 EP09162544A EP09162544A EP2133651A2 EP 2133651 A2 EP2133651 A2 EP 2133651A2 EP 09162544 A EP09162544 A EP 09162544A EP 09162544 A EP09162544 A EP 09162544A EP 2133651 A2 EP2133651 A2 EP 2133651A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
vehicle
viewing device
parallelogram
ventilation duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09162544A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2133651A3 (en
EP2133651B1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Sprafke
Walter Frost
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2133651A2 publication Critical patent/EP2133651A2/en
Publication of EP2133651A3 publication Critical patent/EP2133651A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G1/00—Sighting devices
    • F41G1/40—Periscopic sights specially adapted for smallarms or ordnance; Supports or mountings therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • F41H5/266—Periscopes for fighting or armoured vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outlook device for combat vehicles with a fixable in a vehicle outer opening, optically transparent core and two optically reflective surfaces which are arranged opposite the core so that a visual path on the core from the inside of the combat vehicle to the vehicle outside feasible.
  • lookout devices serve to provide the vehicle crew with an outward view of the interior of an armored vehicle so as to better observe the vehicle environment.
  • Known look-ahead devices usually consist of a core of optically transparent material, which is set in aggyau technologyöffung. With such vehicle outer-ports, the problem is associated that they penetrate the armor of the vehicle skin and thus represent weak points in the event of an attack.
  • the optically transparent cores are made of solid bulletproof glass, which is supported pressure-resistant against the vehicle interior or crew compartment.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an outlook device which in addition to the lookout function also aeration of Vehicle interior allows and is particularly suitable as a replacement unit for replacement against conventional viewing devices.
  • an outlook device of the type mentioned above it has a ventilation channel extending through the core, via which fresh air can be supplied to the vehicle interior.
  • the viewing device no longer serves only to guide a visual path from the vehicle interior to the outside, but at the same time also constitutes an element for ventilating the vehicle interior, wherein it is not necessary to provide additional openings in the vehicle outer shell.
  • An advantage is an embodiment in which the ventilation duct has two mutually angled portions, resulting in a deflection in the ventilation duct, due to which the air outlet can be targeted in a desired direction, approximately in the direction of the crew, directed.
  • the core has a parallelogram-shaped cross-section, wherein the mirror surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the parallelogram.
  • the core has a non-parallelogram-shaped cross-section, but the reflection surfaces must continue to be approximately parallelogram-like to one another in order to appropriately guide a viewing path out of the vehicle interior.
  • the one end of the ventilation duct terminates in a side of the parallelogram having a mirror surface.
  • the other end of the ventilation duct terminates in one side of the parallelogram without mirror surface, whereby an impairment of the visual path through the ventilation duct can be avoided.
  • An advantage for a reliable, pressure-resistant mounting of the core in the vehicle opening is an embodiment according to which the core is at least partially surrounded by a housing.
  • the housing at least partially forms a wall of the ventilation duct.
  • This embodiment allows an advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology embodiment of the core, in which the ventilation ducts need not be surrounded on all sides by the material of the core, but can be introduced in the manner of a groove on the outer surface of the optically transparent material, wherein a portion of the housing after the channel Type of lid closes.
  • Another advantage is an embodiment in which the housing surrounds the core on all sides and wherein flow breakthroughs in the region of the ends of the ventilation duct and visual breakthroughs in the inlet and outlet region of the visual path are provided.
  • one end of the ventilation duct can be connected to an air supply device which supplies fresh air to the ventilation duct and thus to the vehicle interior.
  • the fresh air supply can be arranged inside or outside the vehicle interior.
  • a plurality of mutually parallel ventilation ducts one end of which are connected via a ring manifold with the air supply, can be provided for a sufficient supply of fresh air.
  • the air supply means is provided with means for conditioning the fresh air, whereby the parameters of the air, such. Temperature and moisture content, to a desired level.
  • Fig. 1 2 shows a perspective view of the core 2 of a viewing device 1 according to the invention.
  • the core 2 consists of optically transparent material which is largely resistant to external influences, in particular by warfare agents, for example bulletproof glass or transparent plastics with similar properties.
  • the optically transparent core 2 is arranged in a vehicle outer opening of a combat vehicle in such a way that the vehicle crew is able to look into the core 2 along a vision path extending in a substantially horizontal direction, whereby this visual path is offset in parallel to the vehicle exterior via the core 2, the visual path continues in a substantially horizontal direction outside the vehicle.
  • the area of view within the core is in Fig. 2 illustrated in a schematic representation by dashed lines of sight.
  • the core 2 is divided in two parts from an upper part 2a and a lower part 2b, which are mutually movable.
  • a two-part design of the core 2 is required, for example, whenever the vehicle outer opening is arranged in a movable vehicle element, for example a sliding hatch.
  • the upper part 2a is moved together with a hatch cover, wherein it in the closed position of the hatch in Fig. 1 shown position above the lower part 2b occupies, so that the vehicle crew can look beyond the core 2 with the hatch closed from the vehicle.
  • Fig. 2 shows the optical core 2 in a position in which it is arranged in a vehicle outer opening.
  • the determination of the core 2 is not directly on the optically transparent material of the core 2, but with the aid of a core 2 on all sides enclosing housing 6.
  • the housing 6 is located itself between a provided in the armored vehicle outer shell 20 vehicle outer opening 21 and the core 2. Since such openings 21 weaken the armor of the vehicle body 20, the number of vehicle outer openings 21 is kept as low as possible in modern combat vehicles.
  • the housing 6 is adapted to hold the core 2 pressure-resistant in the opening 21, so that even with above the core 2 detonating warfare agents is not prone to be pressed into the vehicle interior, which would go hand in hand with a risk of injury to the vehicle crew.
  • the crew of the vehicle body 20 located crew members of the combat vehicle in the lower end of the viewing device 1 via a provided in the housing 6 visual breakthrough 8 in the core 2 and at the upper end of the core 2 via a further reform mitbruch 8 of the housing 6 out of parallel looking out of this.
  • two reflective surfaces 3 and 4 are provided in the region of the outer edges of the optically transparent core 2. These can be produced, for example, by vapor deposition of a reflective coating on the material of the core 2.
  • the reflecting surfaces 3, 4 are arranged at a certain distance from the material of the core 2 or the cross section of the core deviates from the parallelogram arrangement of the mirror surfaces 2, 3, for example has a square cross-section.
  • the Visual path is deflected over the lower surface 4 upwards into the material of the core 2 and from there via the mirror surface 3 in a substantially horizontal direction continues. In this way it is the vehicle crew possible to overlook the vehicle environment, for example in the direction of travel.
  • the core 2 is provided with a ventilation duct 5 which extends from the vehicle outside to the vehicle interior. Indicated by the arrows is the flow direction of the fresh air from outside the vehicle to the interior.
  • the ventilation duct extends from the region of the vehicle-outer mirror surface 3 with a first section 5a of substantially vertical orientation, wherein a second section 5b of the ventilation duct is angled at approximately 90 ° relative to the first section 5a, so that the inlet and outlet directions of supplied fresh air are perpendicular to each other.
  • the fresh air outlet takes place in a substantially horizontal direction.
  • corresponding flow openings 7 are recessed from the material of the housing 6 and the reflective surface 3.
  • the flow openings 7 are advantageously provided with screens to filter out entrained particles from the air flow.
  • the cross-section of the ventilation duct 5 is substantially rectangular, wherein one side of the ventilation duct portion 5a closed over an inner surface of the housing 6 becomes.
  • This is advantageous for a simple production of the ventilation duct, since this only has to be introduced as a kind of groove into the surface of the optically transparent material of the core 2.
  • the second portion 5b of the channel 5 may be designed as a groove which is closed over a surface of the lower part 2b.
  • section 5b must be designed as a cross hole.
  • the invention is not limited to designs with a flow channel 5, are also conceivable solutions with multiple, parallel flow channels. 5
  • FIG. 3 an alternative embodiment of the flow channel 5, in which the channel section 5b is opened in two directions via a second flow opening 7, so that air exits both in the direction of the vehicle crew and away from this, and in this way a head cooling of the in the direction of view attending crew member.
  • Fig. 4 1 shows a development of the invention in which fresh air is supplied to the flow channel 5 via an air supply device 10 mounted outside the vehicle.
  • the fresh air can be regulated by a cooling or air conditioning unit to certain temperature and humidity values.
  • the cooling unit is connected via a line 9 to a ring manifold 11, via which the fresh air to the ventilation duct 5 or more parallel to each other arranged fresh air ducts 5 is supplied.
  • the annular channel 11 may also be arranged at least partially on the inside of the vehicle outer shell, cf. Fig. 5 and extending in the flow channel 5 from the side of the lookout device 1 facing away from the sighting member 1 looking into the lookout device 1 toward the head of the crew member through the transparent core material.
  • the annular channel is arranged behind the viewing device 1, whereas the air exits the front of the viewing device 1 in the head area. This arrangement has the advantage that the headroom of the crew member looking into the lookout device is not impaired.
  • the outlook device 1 according to the invention not only serves the viewpoint removal from the vehicle interior, but also represents an element of vehicle ventilation or air conditioning. It is not necessary to provide additional vehicle outlets for vehicle ventilation.
  • the outlook device according to the invention is also suitable as a retrofit or replacement solution for already in use vehicles in which an improved ventilation of the vehicle interior is desired, such as for the preparation of an insert in areas of high heat.
  • the outlook device according to the invention can be replaced with a few simple steps against an outlook device of conventional design.

Abstract

The device (1) has an optically transparent core (2) with a parallelogram-shaped cross section and fixed in an outer opening (21) of a fighting vehicle. Two optically reflecting surfaces (3, 4) are arranged opposite to the core such that a vision path is guided outwardly from an interior of the vehicle over the core. An air duct (5) extends by the core, where fresh air is fed to the interior via the duct. The duct has two sections (5a, 5b) bent against each other. The surfaces are arranged at opposite sides of the cross section. The core is partially surrounded by a housing (6).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ausblickvorrichtung für Kampffahrzeuge mit einem in einer Fahrzeugaußenöffnung festlegbaren, optisch transparenten Kern und zwei optisch reflektierenden Flächen, die gegenüber dem Kern so angeordnet sind, dass ein Sichtweg über den Kern aus dem Inneren des Kampffahrzeugs nach fahrzeugaußen führbar ist.The invention relates to an outlook device for combat vehicles with a fixable in a vehicle outer opening, optically transparent core and two optically reflective surfaces which are arranged opposite the core so that a visual path on the core from the inside of the combat vehicle to the vehicle outside feasible.

Solche Ausblickvorrichtungen dienen dazu, der Fahrzeugbesatzung einen Ausblick aus dem Innenraum eines gepanzerten Fahrzeugs nach außen zu ermöglichen, um auf diese Weise die Fahrzeugumgebung besser beobachten zu können. Bekannte Ausblickvorrichtungen bestehen üblicherweise aus einem Kern aus optisch transparentem Material, der in einer Fahrzeugaußenöffung festgelegt ist. Mit solchen Fahrzeugaußen-öffungen ist das Problem verbunden, dass diese die Panzerung der Fahrzeughülle durchdringen und insoweit im Falle eines Angriffs Schwachstellen darstellen. Um die Schutzwirkung der Fahrzeugpanzerung auch im Bereich der Fahrzeugaußenöffnung soweit wie möglich aufrecht zu erhalten, werden die optisch transparenten Kerne aus massivem Panzerglas hergestellt, welches gegenüber dem Fahrzeuginnen- bzw. Mannschaftsraum druckfest abgestützt ist.Such lookout devices serve to provide the vehicle crew with an outward view of the interior of an armored vehicle so as to better observe the vehicle environment. Known look-ahead devices usually consist of a core of optically transparent material, which is set in a Fahrzeugaußenöffung. With such vehicle outer-ports, the problem is associated that they penetrate the armor of the vehicle skin and thus represent weak points in the event of an attack. In order to maintain the protective effect of the vehicle armor as far as possible in the area of the vehicle outer opening, the optically transparent cores are made of solid bulletproof glass, which is supported pressure-resistant against the vehicle interior or crew compartment.

Weitere Schwächungen der gepanzerten Fahrzeugaußenkontur ergeben sich im Bereich von Belüftungsöffnungen, über welche Frischluft von fahrzeugaußen in den Fahrzeuginnenraum hineingeführt wird. Auch in diesen Bereichen wird die Panzerung des Fahrzeugs durchbrochen, wodurch dessen strukturelle Integrität geschwächt wird.Further weakenings of the armored vehicle outer contour arise in the region of ventilation openings, via which fresh air is led in from the outside of the vehicle into the vehicle interior. Even in these areas, the armor of the vehicle is broken, weakening its structural integrity.

Um die Frisch- bzw. Kühlluftzufuhr in den Fahrzeuginnenraum zu verbessern, werden bei gepanzerten Kampffahrzeugen oftmals die massiven Kerne der Ausblickvorrichtungen aus der Fahrzeugaußenöffnung entfernt und die verbleibenden Öffnungen in der Fahrzeughülle insbesondere bei Einsätzen in Gebieten mit großer Hitze als Frischluftzufuhr benutzt. Hierbei wird zwar eine verbesserte Belüftung des Fahrzeuginnenraums erreicht, dies jedoch auf Kosten der Sichtverhältnisse für die Fahrzeugbesatzung, der es nicht mehr möglich ist, über die Ausblickvorrichtung nach außen zu sehen. Auch wird die Schutzwirkung durch Entfernen der Ausblickvorrichtung verschlechtert.In order to improve the supply of fresh air or cooling air to the vehicle interior, armored combat vehicles often remove the massive cores of the lookout devices from the vehicle exterior opening and use the remaining openings in the vehicle shell, particularly in high heat areas, as a fresh air supply. Although an improved ventilation of the vehicle interior is achieved, but this at the expense of visibility for the vehicle crew, it is no longer possible to see through the outlook device to the outside. Also, the protective effect is degraded by removing the lookout device.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Ausblickvorrichtung anzugeben, die zusätzlich zur Ausblickfunktion auch eine Belüftung des Fahrzeuginnenraums ermöglicht und insbesondere als Austauscheinheit zum Austausch gegen herkömmliche Ausblickvorrichtungen geeignet ist. The object of the invention is to provide an outlook device which in addition to the lookout function also aeration of Vehicle interior allows and is particularly suitable as a replacement unit for replacement against conventional viewing devices.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei einer Ausblickvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art vorgeschlagen, dass diese einen sich durch den Kern hindurch erstreckenden Lüftungskanal aufweist, über den dem Fahrzeuginnenraum Frischluft zuführbar ist.To solve this problem, it is proposed in an outlook device of the type mentioned above that it has a ventilation channel extending through the core, via which fresh air can be supplied to the vehicle interior.

Durch das Vorsehen eines Lüftungskanals im optisch transparenten Kern der Ausblickvorrichtung wird deren Funktionalität erhöht. Die Ausblickvorrichtung dient nicht mehr nur dazu, einen Sichtweg vom Fahrzeuginnenraum nach außen zu führen, sondern stellt gleichzeitig auch ein Element zur Belüftung des Fahrzeuginnenraums dar, wobei es nicht erforderlich ist, zusätzliche Öffnungen in der Fahrzeugaußenhülle vorzusehen.By providing a ventilation duct in the optically transparent core of the lookout device, its functionality is increased. The viewing device no longer serves only to guide a visual path from the vehicle interior to the outside, but at the same time also constitutes an element for ventilating the vehicle interior, wherein it is not necessary to provide additional openings in the vehicle outer shell.

Von Vorteil ist eine Ausgestaltung, bei der der Lüftungskanal zwei gegeneinander abgewinkelt verlaufende Abschnitte aufweist, wodurch sich eine Umlenkung im Lüftungskanal ergibt, aufgrund welcher der Luftaustritt gezielt in eine gewünschte Richtung, etwa in Richtung der Besatzung, gerichtet werden kann.An advantage is an embodiment in which the ventilation duct has two mutually angled portions, resulting in a deflection in the ventilation duct, due to which the air outlet can be targeted in a desired direction, approximately in the direction of the crew, directed.

Von Vorteil weist der Kern einen parallelogrammförmigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die Spiegelflächen an sich gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Parallelogramms angeordnet sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein vergleichsweise einfacher Aufbau des Kerns bzw. der Reflektionsflächen, die direkt an den gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Parallelogramms, z. B. durch Beschichten, angebracht sein können. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass der Kern einen nicht parallelogrammförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei jedoch die Reflektionsflächen weiterhin in etwa parallelogrammartig zueinander stehen müssen, um einen Sichtweg in geeigneter Weise aus dem Fahrzeuginnenraum hinauszuführen.Advantageously, the core has a parallelogram-shaped cross-section, wherein the mirror surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the parallelogram. This results in a comparatively simple construction of the core or the reflection surfaces, directly on the opposite sides of the parallelogram, z. B. by coating, may be appropriate. Alternatively, it is also possible that the core has a non-parallelogram-shaped cross-section, but the reflection surfaces must continue to be approximately parallelogram-like to one another in order to appropriately guide a viewing path out of the vehicle interior.

Vorgeschlagen wird ferner eine Ausgestaltung, bei der das eine Ende des Lüftungskanals in einer eine Spiegelfläche aufweisenden Seite des Parallelogramms ausläuft.Also proposed is an embodiment in which the one end of the ventilation duct terminates in a side of the parallelogram having a mirror surface.

In diesem Zusammenhang kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn das andere Ende des Lüftungskanals in einer Seite des Parallelogramms ohne Spiegelfläche ausläuft, wodurch eine Beeinträchtigung des Sichtwegs durch den Lüftungskanal vermeidbar ist.In this context, it may be advantageous if the other end of the ventilation duct terminates in one side of the parallelogram without mirror surface, whereby an impairment of the visual path through the ventilation duct can be avoided.

Von Vorteil für eine zuverlässige, druckfeste Montage des Kerns in der Fahrzeugöffnung ist eine Ausgestaltung, nach der der Kern zumindest teilweise von einem Gehäuse umgeben ist.An advantage for a reliable, pressure-resistant mounting of the core in the vehicle opening is an embodiment according to which the core is at least partially surrounded by a housing.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Gehäuse zumindest abschnittsweise eine Wand des Lüftungskanals bildet. Diese Ausgestaltung erlaubt eine in fertigungstechnischer Hinsicht vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des Kerns, bei der die Lüftungskanäle nicht allseitig vom Material des Kerns umschlossen sein müssen, sondern nach Art einer Nut auf der Außenfläche des optisch transparenten Materials eingebracht werden können, wobei ein Teil des Gehäuses den Kanal nach Art eines Deckels schließt.It is also proposed that the housing at least partially forms a wall of the ventilation duct. This embodiment allows an advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology embodiment of the core, in which the ventilation ducts need not be surrounded on all sides by the material of the core, but can be introduced in the manner of a groove on the outer surface of the optically transparent material, wherein a portion of the housing after the channel Type of lid closes.

Von Vorteil ist ferner eine Ausgestaltung, bei der das Gehäuse den Kern allseitig umschließt und wobei Strömungsdurchbrüche im Bereich der Enden des Lüftungskanals und Sichtdurchbrüche im Ein- und Austrittsbereich des Sichtwegs vorgesehen sind.Another advantage is an embodiment in which the housing surrounds the core on all sides and wherein flow breakthroughs in the region of the ends of the ventilation duct and visual breakthroughs in the inlet and outlet region of the visual path are provided.

Vorteilhaft kann das eine Ende des Lüftungskanals mit einer Luftzuführeinrichtung verbunden sein, die dem Lüftungskanal und damit dem Fahrzeuginnenraum definiert Frischluft zuführt. Die Frischluftzufuhr kann innerhalb oder außerhalb des Fahrzeuginnenraums angeordnet sein.Advantageously, one end of the ventilation duct can be connected to an air supply device which supplies fresh air to the ventilation duct and thus to the vehicle interior. The fresh air supply can be arranged inside or outside the vehicle interior.

Auch können für eine ausreichende Frischluftzufuhr mehrere sich parallel zueinander erstreckende Lüftungskanäle, deren eine Enden über einen Ringverteiler mit der Luftzuführeinrichtung verbunden sind, vorgesehen werden.Also, a plurality of mutually parallel ventilation ducts, one end of which are connected via a ring manifold with the air supply, can be provided for a sufficient supply of fresh air.

Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Luftzuführeinrichtung mit Mitteln zum Klimatisieren der Frischluft versehen ist, wodurch sich die Parameter der Luft, wie z. B. Temperatur und Feuchtegehalt, auf ein gewünschtes Niveau regulieren lassen.It is also proposed that the air supply means is provided with means for conditioning the fresh air, whereby the parameters of the air, such. Temperature and moisture content, to a desired level.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausblickvorrichtung werden nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Zuhilfenahme der beigefügten Zeichnungen erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines optisch transparenten Kerns einer Ausblickvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausblickvorrichtung innerhalb einer Fahrzeugaußenöffnung,
Fig. 3
das fahrzeuginnere Ende einer Ausblickvorrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
Fig. 4
das fahrzeugäußere Ende einer Ausblickvorrichtung gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel und
Fig. 5
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausblickvorrichtung in ebenfalls geschnittener Darstellung.
Further details and advantages of a perspective device according to the invention are explained below with reference to embodiments with the aid of the accompanying drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of an optically transparent core of a viewing device,
Fig. 2
a sectional view of a viewing device according to the invention within a vehicle outer opening,
Fig. 3
the vehicle interior end of a lookout device according to an embodiment,
Fig. 4
the vehicle outer end of a viewing device according to another embodiment and
Fig. 5
a further embodiment of a viewing device according to the invention in a likewise cut representation.

Fig. 1 zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht den Kern 2 einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausblickvorrichtung 1. Der Kern 2 besteht aus optisch transparentem, gegenüber äußeren Einwirkungen, insbesondere durch Kampfstoffe, weitgehend resistentem Material, beispielsweise Panzerglas oder transparenten Kunststoffen mit ähnlichen Eigenschaften. Der optisch transparente Kern 2 ist in einer Fahrzeugaußenöffnung eines Kampffahrzeugs so angeordnet, dass es der Fahrzeugbesatzung möglich ist, entlang eines in im Wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung verlaufenden Sichtwegs in den Kern 2 hineinzublicken, wobei dieser Sichtweg über den Kern 2 parallel nach fahrzeugaußen so versetzt wird, dass der Sichtweg in im Wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung außerhalb des Fahrzeugs weiterläuft. Der Bereich des Sichtwegs innerhalb des Kerns ist in Fig. 2 in schematischer Darstellung durch strichlinierte Blicklinien veranschaulicht. Zur Sichtwegumlenkung dienen zwei spiegelnde Flächen 3, 4, die auch so angeordnet sein können, dass der Sichtweg außerhalb des Fahrzeugs nicht exakt entlang der Horizontalen, sondern etwas in Richtung der Fahrbahn geneigt verläuft, um auf diese Weise insbesondere Gegenstände und/oder Personen vor dem Fahrzeug zu erkennen. Fig. 1 2 shows a perspective view of the core 2 of a viewing device 1 according to the invention. The core 2 consists of optically transparent material which is largely resistant to external influences, in particular by warfare agents, for example bulletproof glass or transparent plastics with similar properties. The optically transparent core 2 is arranged in a vehicle outer opening of a combat vehicle in such a way that the vehicle crew is able to look into the core 2 along a vision path extending in a substantially horizontal direction, whereby this visual path is offset in parallel to the vehicle exterior via the core 2, the visual path continues in a substantially horizontal direction outside the vehicle. The area of view within the core is in Fig. 2 illustrated in a schematic representation by dashed lines of sight. For Sichtwegumlenkung serve two reflecting surfaces 3, 4, which can also be arranged so that the sight distance outside the vehicle is not exactly along the Horizontal, but slightly inclined in the direction of the road in order to recognize in this way in particular objects and / or people in front of the vehicle.

Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1 ist der Kern 2 zweigeteilt aus einem Oberteil 2a und einem Unterteil 2b zusammengesetzt, die gegeneinander bewegbar sind. Eine solche zweigeteilte Ausführung des Kerns 2 ist beispielsweise immer dann erforderlich, wenn die Fahrzeugaußenöffnung in einem bewegbaren Fahrzeugelement, beispielsweise einer Schiebeluke, angeordnet ist. Beim Öffnen der Luke wird das Oberteil 2a gemeinsam mit einem Lukendeckel bewegt, wobei es in der Schließstellung der Luke die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Position oberhalb des Unterteils 2b einnimmt, so dass die Fahrzeugbesatzung bei geschlossener Luke über den Kern 2 aus dem Fahrzeug hinausblicken kann.In the execution according to Fig. 1 the core 2 is divided in two parts from an upper part 2a and a lower part 2b, which are mutually movable. Such a two-part design of the core 2 is required, for example, whenever the vehicle outer opening is arranged in a movable vehicle element, for example a sliding hatch. When opening the hatch, the upper part 2a is moved together with a hatch cover, wherein it in the closed position of the hatch in Fig. 1 shown position above the lower part 2b occupies, so that the vehicle crew can look beyond the core 2 with the hatch closed from the vehicle.

Ferner ist anhand der eingezeichneten Pfeile die Strömungsrichtung der Luft vom fahrzeugäußeren Bereich des Kerns 2 hin zum Fahrzeuginnenraum zu erkennen. Einzelheiten dieser Luftströmung sowie der Umlenkung des Sichtwegs werden nachfolgend unter Zuhilfenahme der Figuren 2 bis 4 erläutert.Furthermore, the direction of flow of the air from the vehicle outer region of the core 2 toward the vehicle interior can be recognized by means of the arrows. Details of this air flow and the deflection of the visual path are described below with the aid of FIGS. 2 to 4 explained.

Fig. 2 zeigt den optischen Kern 2 in einer Stellung, in welcher er in einer Fahrzeugaußenöffnung angeordnet bzw. festgelegt ist. Die Festlegung des Kerns 2 erfolgt nicht unmittelbar über das optisch transparente Material des Kerns 2, sondern unter Zuhilfenahme eines den Kern 2 allseitig umschließenden Gehäuses 6. Das Gehäuse 6 befindet sich zwischen einer in der gepanzerten Fahrzeugaußenhülle 20 vorgesehenen Fahrzeugaußenöffnung 21 und dem Kern 2. Da solche Öffnungen 21 die Panzerung der Fahrzeughülle 20 schwächen, wird die Zahl der Fahrzeugaußenöffnungen 21 bei modernen Kampffahrzeugen so gering wie möglich gehalten. Fig. 2 shows the optical core 2 in a position in which it is arranged in a vehicle outer opening. The determination of the core 2 is not directly on the optically transparent material of the core 2, but with the aid of a core 2 on all sides enclosing housing 6. The housing 6 is located itself between a provided in the armored vehicle outer shell 20 vehicle outer opening 21 and the core 2. Since such openings 21 weaken the armor of the vehicle body 20, the number of vehicle outer openings 21 is kept as low as possible in modern combat vehicles.

Das Gehäuse 6 ist geeignet, den Kern 2 druckfest in der Öffnung 21 zu halten, so dass dieser selbst bei oberhalb des Kerns 2 detonierenden Kampfstoffen nicht dazu neigt, in den Fahrzeuginnenraum hineingedrückt zu werden, was mit einem Verletzungsrisiko für die Fahrzeugbesatzung einherginge.The housing 6 is adapted to hold the core 2 pressure-resistant in the opening 21, so that even with above the core 2 detonating warfare agents is not prone to be pressed into the vehicle interior, which would go hand in hand with a risk of injury to the vehicle crew.

Wie die Darstellung in Fig. 2 anhand der strichlinierten Pfeile veranschaulicht, können die sich fahrzeugeinwärts der Fahrzeughülle 20 befindenden Besatzungsmitglieder des Kampffahrzeugs im unteren Endbereich der Ausblickvorrichtung 1 über einen im Gehäuse 6 vorgesehenen Sichtdurchbruch 8 in den Kern 2 hinein und am oberen Ende des Kerns 2 über einen weiteren Sichtdurchbruch 8 des Gehäuses 6 parallel versetzt aus diesem hinausblicken. Zur Umlenkung des Sichtwegs sind zwei reflektierende Flächen 3 und 4 im Bereich der Außenkanten des optisch transparenten Kerns 2 vorgesehen. Diese können beispielsweise durch Aufdampfen einer spiegelnden Beschichtung auf das Material des Kerns 2 hergestellt werden. Alternativ ist es auch denkbar, dass die spiegelnden Flächen 3, 4 in einem gewissen Abstand zum Material des Kerns 2 angeordnet sind oder der Querschnitt des Kerns von der Parallelogrammanordnung der Spiegelflächen 2, 3 abweicht, beispielsweise einen quadratischen Querschnitt aufweist. Der Sichtweg wird über die untere Fläche 4 nach oben in das Material des Kerns 2 umgelenkt und von dort über die Spiegelfläche 3 in im Wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung weitergeführt. Auf diese Weise ist es der Fahrzeugbesatzung möglich, die Fahrzeugumgebung beispielsweise in Fahrtrichtung zu überblicken.Like the illustration in Fig. 2 illustrated by the dashed arrows, the crew of the vehicle body 20 located crew members of the combat vehicle in the lower end of the viewing device 1 via a provided in the housing 6 visual breakthrough 8 in the core 2 and at the upper end of the core 2 via a further Sichtdurchbruch 8 of the housing 6 out of parallel looking out of this. For deflecting the visual path, two reflective surfaces 3 and 4 are provided in the region of the outer edges of the optically transparent core 2. These can be produced, for example, by vapor deposition of a reflective coating on the material of the core 2. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the reflecting surfaces 3, 4 are arranged at a certain distance from the material of the core 2 or the cross section of the core deviates from the parallelogram arrangement of the mirror surfaces 2, 3, for example has a square cross-section. Of the Visual path is deflected over the lower surface 4 upwards into the material of the core 2 and from there via the mirror surface 3 in a substantially horizontal direction continues. In this way it is the vehicle crew possible to overlook the vehicle environment, for example in the direction of travel.

Wie die Schnittdarstellungen in den Fig. 2 bis 4 und auch die perspektivische Ansicht in Fig. 1 erkennen lassen, ist der Kern 2 mit einem Lüftungskanal 5 versehen, der sich von fahrzeugaußen nach fahrzeuginnen erstreckt. Durch die Pfeile angedeutet ist die Strömungsrichtung der Frischluft von außerhalb des Fahrzeugs zum Innenraum. Der Lüftungskanal erstreckt sich aus dem Bereich der fahrzeugäußeren Spiegelfläche 3 mit einem ersten Abschnitt 5a von im Wesentlichen vertikaler Ausrichtung, wobei ein zweiter Abschnitt 5b des Lüftungskanals gegenüber dem ersten Abschnitt 5a um in etwa 90° abgewinkelt verläuft, so dass die Ein- und Austrittsrichtungen der zugeführten Frischluft senkrecht zueinander stehen. Der Frischluftaustritt erfolgt in im Wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung. Im Bereich der Enden des Lüftungskanals 5 sind entsprechend Strömungsdurchbrüche 7 aus dem Material des Gehäuses 6 und der spiegelnden Fläche 3 ausgespart. Die Strömungsdurchbrüche 7 sind vorteilhafterweise mit Sieben versehen, um vom Luftstrom mitgeführte Partikel auszufiltern.Like the sectional views in the Fig. 2 to 4 and also the perspective view in Fig. 1 can recognize, the core 2 is provided with a ventilation duct 5 which extends from the vehicle outside to the vehicle interior. Indicated by the arrows is the flow direction of the fresh air from outside the vehicle to the interior. The ventilation duct extends from the region of the vehicle-outer mirror surface 3 with a first section 5a of substantially vertical orientation, wherein a second section 5b of the ventilation duct is angled at approximately 90 ° relative to the first section 5a, so that the inlet and outlet directions of supplied fresh air are perpendicular to each other. The fresh air outlet takes place in a substantially horizontal direction. In the region of the ends of the ventilation duct 5 corresponding flow openings 7 are recessed from the material of the housing 6 and the reflective surface 3. The flow openings 7 are advantageously provided with screens to filter out entrained particles from the air flow.

Wie die Darstellung in Fig. 1 erkennen lässt, ist der Querschnitt des Lüftungskanals 5 im Wesentlichen rechteckig, wobei eine Seite des Lüftungskanalabschnitts 5a über eine Innenfläche des Gehäuses 6 geschlossen wird. Dies ist für eine einfache Herstellung des Lüftungskanals von Vorteil, da dieser lediglich als eine Art Nut in die Oberfläche des optisch transparenten Materials des Kerns 2 eingebracht werden muss. Bei der zweigeteilten Ausführung mit zwei gegeneinander bewegbar angeordneten Einzelteilen 2a und 2b gemäß Fig. 1 kann auch der zweite Abschnitt 5b des Kanals 5 als Nut ausgeführt sein, die über eine Fläche des unteren Teils 2b geschlossen ist. Bei einteiliger Ausführung muss der Abschnitt 5b als Querbohrung ausgeführt sein. Auch ist die Erfindung nicht auf Ausführungen mit einem Strömungskanal 5 beschränkt, denkbar sind ebenso Lösungen mit mehreren, parallelen Strömungskanälen 5.Like the illustration in Fig. 1 can be seen, the cross-section of the ventilation duct 5 is substantially rectangular, wherein one side of the ventilation duct portion 5a closed over an inner surface of the housing 6 becomes. This is advantageous for a simple production of the ventilation duct, since this only has to be introduced as a kind of groove into the surface of the optically transparent material of the core 2. In the two-part design with two mutually movably arranged items 2a and 2b according to Fig. 1 Also, the second portion 5b of the channel 5 may be designed as a groove which is closed over a surface of the lower part 2b. For one-piece design, section 5b must be designed as a cross hole. Also, the invention is not limited to designs with a flow channel 5, are also conceivable solutions with multiple, parallel flow channels. 5

In Fig. 3 dargestellt ist eine alternative Ausführung des Strömungskanals 5, bei welcher der Kanalabschnitt 5b über einen zweiten Strömungsdurchbruch 7 in zwei Richtungen geöffnet ist, so dass Luft sowohl in Richtung der Fahrzeugbesatzung als auch von dieser weg gerichtet austritt und auf diese Weise eine Kopfkühlung des in die Ausblickrichtung blickenden Besatzungsmitglieds erreicht wird.In Fig. 3 an alternative embodiment of the flow channel 5, in which the channel section 5b is opened in two directions via a second flow opening 7, so that air exits both in the direction of the vehicle crew and away from this, and in this way a head cooling of the in the direction of view attending crew member.

In Fig. 4 dargestellt ist eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung, bei welcher dem Strömungskanal 5 über eine fahrzeugaußen montierte Luftzuführeinrichtung 10 Frischluft zugeführt wird. Die Frischluft kann von einem Kühl- bzw. Klimatisierungsaggregat auf bestimmte Temperatur-und Feuchtewerte eingeregelt werden. Das Kühlaggregat ist über eine Leitung 9 an einen Ringverteiler 11 angeschlossen, über welchen die Frischluft dem Lüftungskanal 5 oder mehreren zueinander parallel angeordneten Frischluftkanälen 5 zugeführt wird.In Fig. 4 1 shows a development of the invention in which fresh air is supplied to the flow channel 5 via an air supply device 10 mounted outside the vehicle. The fresh air can be regulated by a cooling or air conditioning unit to certain temperature and humidity values. The cooling unit is connected via a line 9 to a ring manifold 11, via which the fresh air to the ventilation duct 5 or more parallel to each other arranged fresh air ducts 5 is supplied.

Alternativ kann der Ringkanal 11 auch zumindest teilweise auf der Innenseite der Fahrzeugaußenhülle angeordnet sein, vgl. Fig. 5, und sich im Strömungskanal 5 von der dem in die Ausblickvorrichtung 1 hineinblickenden Besatzungsmitglied abgewandten Seite der Ausblickvorrichtung 1 hin zum Kopf des Besatzungsmitglieds durch das transparente Kernmaterial erstrecken. Der Ringkanal ist hinter der Ausblickvorrichtung 1 angeordnet, wohingegen die Luft vorne aus der Ausblickvorrichtung 1 im Kopfbereich austritt. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass die Kopffreiheit des in die Ausblickvorrichtung hineinblickenden Besatzungsmitglieds nicht beeinträchtigt wird.Alternatively, the annular channel 11 may also be arranged at least partially on the inside of the vehicle outer shell, cf. Fig. 5 and extending in the flow channel 5 from the side of the lookout device 1 facing away from the sighting member 1 looking into the lookout device 1 toward the head of the crew member through the transparent core material. The annular channel is arranged behind the viewing device 1, whereas the air exits the front of the viewing device 1 in the head area. This arrangement has the advantage that the headroom of the crew member looking into the lookout device is not impaired.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausblickvorrichtung wird die Funktionalität herkömmlicher Ausblickvorrichtungen erhöht. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausblickvorrichtung 1 dient nicht nur der Sichtwegherausführung aus dem Fahrzeuginnenraum, sondern stellt gleichzeitig ein Element der Fahrzeugbelüftung bzw. -klimatisierung dar. Es ist nicht erforderlich, für die Fahrzeugbelüftung zusätzliche Fahrzeugaußenöffnungen vorzusehen.With the outlook device according to the invention, the functionality of conventional viewing devices is increased. The outlook device 1 according to the invention not only serves the viewpoint removal from the vehicle interior, but also represents an element of vehicle ventilation or air conditioning. It is not necessary to provide additional vehicle outlets for vehicle ventilation.

Darüber hinaus eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Ausblickvorrichtung auch als Nachrüst- bzw. Austauschlösung für bereits im Einsatz befindliche Fahrzeuge, bei denen eine verbesserte Belüftung des Fahrzeuginnenraums gewünscht ist, etwa zur Vorbereitung eines Einsatzes in Gebieten mit großer Hitze. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausblickvorrichtung lässt sich mit wenigen Handgriffen gegen eine Ausblickvorrichtung herkömmlicher Gestalt ersetzen.In addition, the outlook device according to the invention is also suitable as a retrofit or replacement solution for already in use vehicles in which an improved ventilation of the vehicle interior is desired, such as for the preparation of an insert in areas of high heat. The outlook device according to the invention can be replaced with a few simple steps against an outlook device of conventional design.

Bezugszeichen - ListeReference numerals - list

11
Vorrichtungcontraption
22
Kerncore
2a2a
Oberteiltop
2b2 B
Unterteillower part
33
Spiegelmirror
44
Spiegelmirror
55
Lüftungskanalventilation duct
5a5a
Abschnittsection
5b5b
Abschnittsection
66
Gehäusecasing
77
StrömungsdurchbruchFlow breakdown
88th
SichtdurchbrücheView breakthroughs
99
Leitungmanagement
1010
Luftzuführeinrichtungair supply
1111
Ringverteilerring distributor
2020
Fahrzeughüllevehicle cover
2121
FahrzeugaußenöffnungVehicle exterior opening

Claims (11)

Ausblickvorrichtung für Kampffahrzeuge mit einem in einer Fahrzeugaußenöffnung festlegbaren, optisch transparenten Kern (2) und zwei optisch reflektierenden Flächen (3, 4), die gegenüber dem Kern (2) so angeordnet sind, dass ein Sichtweg über den Kern (2) aus dem Inneren des Kampffahrzeugs nach fahrzeugaußen führbar ist,
gekennzeichnet durch,
einen sich durch den Kern (2) hindurch erstreckenden Lüftungskanal (5), über den dem Fahrzeuginnenraum Frischluft zuführbar ist.Viewing device for combat vehicles with an optically transparent core (2) which can be fixed in a vehicle outer opening and two optically reflecting surfaces (3, 4), which are arranged opposite the core (2) so that a visual path over the core (2) from the inside the combat vehicle is guided to the vehicle outside,
marked by,
a through the core (2) extending through ventilation duct (5) through which the vehicle interior fresh air can be supplied. Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lüftungskanal (5) zwei gegeneinander abgewinkelt verlaufende Abschnitte (5a, 5b) aufweist.Viewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation channel (5) has two mutually angled portions (5a, 5b). Ausblickvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (2) einen parallelogrammförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei die Reflektionsflächen (3, 4) an sich gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Parallelogramms angeordnet sind.Viewing device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the core (2) has a parallelogram-shaped cross-section, wherein the reflection surfaces (3, 4) are arranged on opposite sides of the parallelogram. Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eine Ende des Lüftungskanals (5) in einer eine Spiegelfläche (3) aufweisenden Seite des Parallelogramms ausläuft.Viewing device according to claim 3, characterized in that one end of the ventilation duct (5) terminates in a side of the parallelogram having a mirror surface (3). Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das andere Ende des Lüftungskanals (5) in einer Seite des Parallelogramms ohne Spiegelfläche ausläuft.Viewing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the other end of the ventilation channel (5) terminates in one side of the parallelogram without mirror surface. Ausblickvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (2) zumindest teilweise von einem Gehäuse (6) umgeben ist.Viewing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core (2) is at least partially surrounded by a housing (6). Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (6) zumindest abschnittsweise eine Wand des Lüftungskanals (5) bildet.Viewing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (6) at least partially forms a wall of the ventilation duct (5). Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (6) den Kern (2) allseitig umschließt, wobei Strömungsdurchbrüche (7) im Bereich der Enden des Lüftungskanals (5) und Sichtdurchbrüche (8) im Ein- und Austrittsbereich des Sichtwegs vorgesehen sind.Viewing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (6) surrounds the core (2) on all sides, wherein flow openings (7) in the region of the ends of the ventilation channel (5) and viewing apertures (8) are provided in the inlet and outlet region of the visual path , Ausblickvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eine Ende des Lüftungskanals (5) mit einer Luftzuführeinrichtung (10) verbunden ist.Viewing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one end of the ventilation duct (5) is connected to an air supply device (10). Ausblickvorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet durch mehrere sich parallel erstreckende Lüftungskanäle (5), deren eine Enden über einen Ringverteiler (11) mit der Luftzuführeinrichtung (10) verbunden sind.Viewing device according to claim 9, characterized by a plurality of parallel extending ventilation ducts (5), one end of which is connected via a ring manifold (11) with the air supply means (10). Ausblickvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftzuführeinrichtung (10) mit Mitteln zum Klimatisieren der Frischluft versehen ist.Viewing device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the air supply device (10) is provided with means for conditioning the fresh air.
EP20090162544 2008-06-13 2009-06-12 Vision device for fighting vehicles Not-in-force EP2133651B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810028366 DE102008028366B4 (en) 2008-06-13 2008-06-13 Outlook device for combat vehicles

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EP2133651A3 EP2133651A3 (en) 2013-03-06
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160327786A1 (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-10 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle heads-up display device

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE221955C (en) *
FR1186939A (en) * 1957-04-10 1959-09-03 Device for maintaining visibility through a transparent wall or optical device
EP0017272A1 (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-15 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Device for diverting external weather influences from the objective of a directional periscope installed in an armoured car

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4934246A (en) * 1988-09-30 1990-06-19 Fmc Corporation Wide angled trapezoidal periscope

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE221955C (en) *
FR1186939A (en) * 1957-04-10 1959-09-03 Device for maintaining visibility through a transparent wall or optical device
EP0017272A1 (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-15 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Device for diverting external weather influences from the objective of a directional periscope installed in an armoured car

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160327786A1 (en) * 2015-05-05 2016-11-10 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle heads-up display device
US9658450B2 (en) * 2015-05-05 2017-05-23 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Vehicle heads-up display device

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ES2439263T3 (en) 2014-01-22
DE102008028366B4 (en) 2010-07-08
EP2133651A3 (en) 2013-03-06
DE102008028366A1 (en) 2009-12-17
EP2133651B1 (en) 2013-09-25

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