EP2133288A1 - Mécanisme de levage d'un dispositif de chargement pour vider des récipients - Google Patents

Mécanisme de levage d'un dispositif de chargement pour vider des récipients Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2133288A1
EP2133288A1 EP09162192A EP09162192A EP2133288A1 EP 2133288 A1 EP2133288 A1 EP 2133288A1 EP 09162192 A EP09162192 A EP 09162192A EP 09162192 A EP09162192 A EP 09162192A EP 2133288 A1 EP2133288 A1 EP 2133288A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loading system
lifting
container
cylinders
lifting mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09162192A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2133288B1 (fr
Inventor
Jan Paul Versteeg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terberg Machines BV
Original Assignee
Terberg Machines BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terberg Machines BV filed Critical Terberg Machines BV
Priority to SI200931736T priority Critical patent/SI2133288T1/sl
Publication of EP2133288A1 publication Critical patent/EP2133288A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2133288B1 publication Critical patent/EP2133288B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B65F3/041—Pivoted arms or pivoted carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B65F3/06—Arrangement and disposition of fluid actuators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/001—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse for segregated refuse collecting, e.g. vehicles with several compartments
    • B65F2003/003—Footboards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/022—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto the discharging means comprising a device for determining the weight of the content of refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0223—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto the discharging means comprising elements for holding the receptacle
    • B65F2003/024—Means for locking the rim
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0286—Means mounted on the vehicle for opening the lid or cover of the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0293—Means mounted on the vehicle for supporting the refuse receptacle in the tipping position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0293—Means mounted on the vehicle for supporting the refuse receptacle in the tipping position
    • B65F2003/0296—Means mounted on the vehicle for supporting the refuse receptacle in the tipping position the supporting means mounted on the discharging means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lifting mechanism for a loading system for the purpose of emptying containers.
  • the lifting mechanism according to the invention is particularly suitable for containers with a volume varying from 70 to about 1,700 litres.
  • Containers such as refuse bins are usually emptied at the user location using a refuse truck.
  • Such refuse trucks are provided at the rear with a loading system.
  • This loading system comprises a lifting mechanism for engaging a container and picking up and rotating this container such that it is emptied into the refuse truck.
  • the engaging mechanism of such a lifting mechanism can be provided with a comb or toothed edge which engages under an edge of the container. This edge is clamped on the other side by a plate.
  • the lifting movement is realized by making use of cylinders. These cylinders are mounted at a first outer end on an additional lifting frame and at a second outer end on a lifting arm. A certain overall depth is required for the lifting mechanism with the additional lifting frame. This depth lengthens the refuse truck or reduces the loading capacity thereof.
  • the lifting mechanism is situated at the rear of a refuse truck, i.e. behind the rear(most) axle thereof, the pressure on the front axle of the refuse truck is reduced due to the lifting mechanism.
  • This front axle hereby tends to move upward such that in an extreme case the wheels of a refuse truck can leave the ground.
  • the result hereof is that the loading capacity of a refuse truck is limited in order to prevent this. This therefore reduces the loading capacity of the refuse truck.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a lifting mechanism for a loading system with which goods such as refuse can be collected in a more efficient manner.
  • the uprights of the loading system are placed substantially in the line of the sides of a refuse truck.
  • a loading system is hereby provided over the whole width of the refuse truck.
  • the lifting shaft can extend over substantially the whole width of the refuse truck.
  • An additional advantage of the lifting mechanism according to the present invention is that, by dispensing with the additional lifting frame, the opening for emptying of the containers is greater in vertical direction.
  • One significance hereof is that the containers have to be lifted less high with the lifting mechanism.
  • An additional advantage hereof is that refuse bags can also be placed more easily in the opening since they need lifting or throwing less high in order to be deposited in the refuse truck. It is also the case that due to the lifting mechanism according to the invention such refuse bags have to be thrown less far owing to the smaller overall depth which is realized by the lifting mechanism according to the invention.
  • An additional advantage of the lifting mechanism according to the present invention is that a container for emptying is tilted inward at a comparatively high position relative to other known mechanisms.
  • the enlarged loading opening provided with the lifting mechanism according to the invention is hereby utilized optimally.
  • a refuse slide-off plate provided in or on the lifting mechanism can advantageously be opened, thereby realizing a low and also wide insertion opening. This increases the user-friendliness and efficiency of the lifting mechanism according to invention.
  • the at least two cylinders are operatively connected in a master-slave configuration for the purpose of preventing torsional forces.
  • the lifting shaft in the lifting mechanism according to the invention is therefore under relatively great strain of torsion and of bending.
  • Providing the cylinders in a master-slave configuration prevents the lifting shaft as it were becoming asymmetrically suspended and the container for emptying not remaining sufficiently horizontal. This achieves that the lifting mechanism does not need to be given an unnecessarily stiff form.
  • One of the advantages of such a master-slave configuration is that the lifting shaft can be given a relatively light form.
  • both cylinders for instance in the case of a leakage or fouling, can be placed in synchronized position (reset) in the unlikely event a deviation occurs.
  • the at least two cylinders are operatively connected to a valve with which the lifting mechanism can be placed a greater distance from a ground surface for the purpose of protection thereof in the case of obstacles and/or a road surface.
  • the cylinders can be moved such that a great distance can be realized between these cylinders and the ground surface. This is realized in that, in the case an obstacle exerts a determined force, the hydraulic pressure in the cylinders will rise. The additional valve is then opened so that the lifting mechanism moves upward without damage occurring to the system. It is possible here to have the valves, which provide for a correction in the case of a possibly occurring synchronization difference between two cylinders, likewise perform this protective function. This is particularly advantageous in the case obstacles such as a kerb or speed bumps are provided on or in the ground surface. Damage to the cylinders and the mechanism can hereby be prevented or reduced.
  • valves according to the invention hereby increases the safety of the mechanism and also reduces maintenance costs resulting from damage.
  • This safety mechanism can otherwise be combined in advantageous manner with a plastic part which can be arranged on the underside of the loading seats. This part can deform in the case it comes into contact with an obstacle such as a speed bump. Particularly in the case of small obstacles the safety mechanism with the additional valves need hereby not be activated, while damage is nevertheless prevented.
  • one or more springs are preferably provided on or close to the lifting shaft in order to protect the lifting mechanism. While the lifting mechanism tilts or rotates a container, this latter exerts a force on, among other parts, the lifting shaft. Partly depending on the mass in such a container, this load may be not inconsiderable.
  • the springs are therefore provided to damp this peak load.
  • Other spring members and/or damping members can be provided instead of these springs.
  • a cover or refuse slide-off plate rotatable relative to the engaging mechanism is preferably also provided for the purpose of covering the engaging mechanism.
  • This cover is rotatable and covers the comb or teeth of the engaging mechanism. This increases the safety of the lifting mechanism.
  • An additional advantage hereby is that, when refuse bags are for instance being placed in the refuse truck, they cannot hook behind a comb. This prevents the possibility of these bags tearing and the content thereof ending up in the wrong place. It is also a possibility to provide the cylinders with a length measuring system for the purpose of determining the position of the lifting mechanism. This increases the controllability of the whole lifting mechanism, which further enhances the safety of the system.
  • the invention further relates to a loading system provided with a lifting construction as described above.
  • a loading system provides the same effects and advantages as those stated in respect of the lifting mechanism.
  • the loading system is provided with a weighing system for weighing a container to be emptied.
  • Providing a weighing system achieves that the content of an individual container can be measured.
  • the overall load on the system can for instance hereby be monitored. It is also possible to track how much a user discards by means of the container.
  • a container can be provided for this purpose with an identification, for instance in the form of an RFID chip, which is read during the operation.
  • This weighing system can be used manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically. This is also the case for the loading system itself.
  • the loading system comprises a guide for opening a lid of a container.
  • a lid of a container to be emptied can be opened in automatic manner. This is important in the case of, among others, so-called EN-840 type containers. This reduces the manual operations which have to be performed, whereby the containers can be emptied in more efficient manner.
  • a loading system comprises a stop member for stopping a container during emptying thereof.
  • a stop member in the form of a rod in width direction in the loading opening of for instance the refuse truck prevents the container being as it were catapulted into the interior of for instance the refuse truck during the lifting movement, and particularly the rotation of the container during this movement. This catapulting movement of the container causes damage to the interior of for instance the refuse truck.
  • the stop member will in that case stop the container for emptying and prevents the container disappearing, with its possible content, into for instance the refuse truck.
  • the invention also relates to a refuse truck provided with a loading system as described above, and to a method for emptying a container, comprising of:
  • a refuse collection truck 2 ( figure 1 ) provided with a loading system 4 is used to empty containers 6.
  • Containers 6 are, among others, containers of the type EN 840-1, -2, -3 and -4 with respective volumes of 80-360 litres, 500-1200 litres, 770, 1100 and 1300 litres, and 750-1700 litres.
  • loading system 4 it is also possible using loading system 4 to place refuse bags in refuse truck 2.
  • Refuse truck 2 is provided for this purpose with a large loading opening 8. This loading opening 8 is bounded on the sides by side walls 10 of refuse truck 2.
  • Loading system 4 is provided for this purpose with the same width as refuse truck 2, whereby uprights 12 of loading system 4 are situated substantially in line with side wall 10 of refuse truck 2.
  • Refuse truck 2 is provided with two footboards 20 on which for instance a dustman can take up position during movement of refuse truck 2.
  • Refuse truck 2 is also provided with two rubber buffers 22 on which a container 6 rests during the pivoting movement. These cushions 22, with the plate on which they are mounted, are also embodied such that they can yield to some extent when they come into contact with obstacles on ground surface 24.
  • Loading system 4 is also provided with two guides 26 attached to the top part of loading system 4.
  • the lid of a container can be pushed open with these guides 26 during the pivoting movement such that the content of container 6 disappears into loading opening 8.
  • a stop member 28 arranged on the top part of loading system 4 is a stop member 28, substantially along the whole width of the loading opening 8. This stop member 28 prevents container 6 continuing to rotate during the pivoting movement. In the case of such a continued rotation container 6 would, without stop member 28, disappear completely into loading opening 8, and thereby into the interior of refuse truck 2.
  • Engaging mechanism 16 ( figure 2 ) engages using a comb 30 under the edge of container 6.
  • the clamping plate or enclosing plate 32 closes, whereby the container edge is clamped between comb 30 and clamping plate 32.
  • Container 6 cannot detach from comb 32 due to clamping plate 32.
  • Lifting shaft 18 extends along the whole width of loading opening 8, and therefore over the whole width of refuse truck 2.
  • Lifting shaft 18 is connected at an outer end to an outer end 34 ( figure 3 ) of lifting arm 14.
  • Lifting shaft 18 is provided at the outer end with an end stop 36.
  • Clamping plate 32 is mechanically connected close to a first outer end with two fixing brackets 38 ( figure 4 ) to lifting shaft 18.
  • a spring element 40 Situated in this bracket 38 is a spring element 40 so that shocks can be partially absorbed without the whole lifting shaft 18 having to be unnecessarily heavily loaded.
  • the resilient elements 40 ensure that container 6 and loading system 4 are not damaged if an obstacle, such as wood, refuse etc., comes between them. Resilient elements 40 also make it possible for container 6 to be shaken without the container edge being unnecessarily heavily loaded. Container 6 herein continues to rotate in the tilting movement and is braked by the resilient action of resilient elements 40.
  • Lifting shaft 18 is provided with a number of contact surfaces 42 ( figure 5 ) to which resilient elements 40 are connected.
  • Lifting arm 14 ( figure 2 ) is mounted at a first outer end on upright 12 via shaft 44.
  • Lifting shaft 18 is mounted on the other outer end of lifting arm 14.
  • the pivoting movement of lifting arm 14 is realized using a first cylinder 46.
  • Cylinder 46 is mounted at one outer end for rotation around shaft 48 and connected on the other extendable part to lifting arm 14 via shaft 50.
  • first cylinder 46 When first cylinder 46 is extended lifting arm 14 will make a pivoting movement, whereby it is possible to empty a container 6.
  • second cylinder 52 Provided on the other side of loading system 4 is a second cylinder 52 which is mounted in the same manner on lifting arm 14 on this side of loading system 4.
  • Engaging mechanism 16 ( figure 6 ) has a cover or refuse slide-off plate 54 which in a rest position lies over clamping plate 32 and comb 30 such that these are covered. This increases safety. It is likewise possible to place refuse bags in loading opening 8 of refuse truck 2 when cover 54 is closed.
  • Mechanism 56 controls the relative movements of comb 30 and clamping plate 32 in a per se known manner. This relative movement between comb 30 and clamping plate 32 ( figures 7A and 7B ) takes place during the pivoting movement of container 6.
  • first cylinder 46 and second cylinder 52 ( figure 8 ) is shown schematically. These cylinders 46, 52 are not placed in the loading system according to the invention at the location of the greatest load resulting from the pivoting movement with containers 6. Cylinders 46, 52 are on the contrary placed at the outer end of lifting shaft 18, substantially in line with side wall 10 of refuse truck 2. Although the lifting shaft is in principle under greater strain of torsion and bending as a result, the hydraulic drive cylinders 46, 52 according to the invention are connected in series. By correctly selecting the volume dimensions of cylinders 46, 52 in known manner cylinders 46, 52 always move synchronously. Torsion of the frame, and bending thereof, are hereby prevented.
  • valve 58 can be operated manually as well as electrically via a central control.
  • First cylinder 46 is also provided with a valve 62.
  • Second cylinder 52 is also provided with a valve 64. Valves 62, 64 are operated mechanically when cylinders are fully retracted or extended.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
EP09162192.0A 2008-06-10 2009-06-08 Mécanisme de levage d'un dispositif de chargement pour vider des récipients Active EP2133288B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200931736T SI2133288T1 (sl) 2008-06-10 2009-06-08 Dvižni mehanizem za nakladalni sistem za praznjenje zabojnikov

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1035561A NL1035561C2 (nl) 2008-06-10 2008-06-10 Hefmechanisme en beladingssysteem voor het ledigen van containers, een vuilnisauto en werkwijze daarvoor.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2133288A1 true EP2133288A1 (fr) 2009-12-16
EP2133288B1 EP2133288B1 (fr) 2017-08-16

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EP09162192.0A Active EP2133288B1 (fr) 2008-06-10 2009-06-08 Mécanisme de levage d'un dispositif de chargement pour vider des récipients

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2133288B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2643765T3 (fr)
NL (1) NL1035561C2 (fr)
SI (1) SI2133288T1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102942000A (zh) * 2012-10-19 2013-02-27 江苏悦达专用车有限公司 后装压缩式垃圾车翻桶装置
EP2801541A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 ESE World B.V. Dispositif de levage destiné à un récipient de collecte de déchets et récipient de collecte de déchets
CN104401755A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 广西玉柴专用汽车有限公司 一种填料器的提桶装置
EP2886492A3 (fr) * 2013-12-19 2015-10-21 Ab Närpes Trä & Metall - Oy Närpiön Puu ja Metalli Benne de collecte d'une véhicule de ramassage d'ordures
WO2018053581A1 (fr) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-29 Superior Pak Holdings Pty Ltd Système de chargement de véhicule de compactage mobile à charge avant
CN107867519A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-04-03 山东五征环保科技股份有限公司 一种组合上料压缩式垃圾车
CN107963376A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-04-27 山东五征环保科技股份有限公司 一种压缩式垃圾车组合上料装置
EP3653450A1 (fr) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-20 Ab Närpes Trä & Metall - Oy Närpiön Puu ja Metalli Protection antiencastrement

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1334213A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-10-17 Norba Ab Apparatus for emptying wastebins
GB1545555A (en) * 1977-08-08 1979-05-10 Hestair Dennis Ltd Bin hoists
FR2528810A3 (fr) 1982-06-22 1983-12-23 Farid Spa Dispositif de chargement pour un vehicule pourvu d'un caisson porte-dechets
DE3809134A1 (de) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-28 Hans Hagemann Umwelttechnik Vorrichtung zum entleeren von behaeltern
DE10221371A1 (de) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-27 Zoeller Kipper Hubkippvorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1334213A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-10-17 Norba Ab Apparatus for emptying wastebins
GB1545555A (en) * 1977-08-08 1979-05-10 Hestair Dennis Ltd Bin hoists
FR2528810A3 (fr) 1982-06-22 1983-12-23 Farid Spa Dispositif de chargement pour un vehicule pourvu d'un caisson porte-dechets
DE3809134A1 (de) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-28 Hans Hagemann Umwelttechnik Vorrichtung zum entleeren von behaeltern
DE10221371A1 (de) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-27 Zoeller Kipper Hubkippvorrichtung

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102942000A (zh) * 2012-10-19 2013-02-27 江苏悦达专用车有限公司 后装压缩式垃圾车翻桶装置
CN102942000B (zh) * 2012-10-19 2015-05-27 江苏悦达专用车有限公司 后装压缩式垃圾车翻桶装置
EP2801541A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 ESE World B.V. Dispositif de levage destiné à un récipient de collecte de déchets et récipient de collecte de déchets
EP2886492A3 (fr) * 2013-12-19 2015-10-21 Ab Närpes Trä & Metall - Oy Närpiön Puu ja Metalli Benne de collecte d'une véhicule de ramassage d'ordures
CN104401755A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-11 广西玉柴专用汽车有限公司 一种填料器的提桶装置
WO2018053581A1 (fr) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-29 Superior Pak Holdings Pty Ltd Système de chargement de véhicule de compactage mobile à charge avant
CN107867519A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-04-03 山东五征环保科技股份有限公司 一种组合上料压缩式垃圾车
CN107963376A (zh) * 2017-10-24 2018-04-27 山东五征环保科技股份有限公司 一种压缩式垃圾车组合上料装置
EP3653450A1 (fr) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-20 Ab Närpes Trä & Metall - Oy Närpiön Puu ja Metalli Protection antiencastrement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2643765T3 (es) 2017-11-24
EP2133288B1 (fr) 2017-08-16
SI2133288T1 (sl) 2017-11-30
NL1035561C2 (nl) 2009-12-11

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