EP2132252A2 - Hydrolysis resistant organomodified trisiloxane surfactants - Google Patents

Hydrolysis resistant organomodified trisiloxane surfactants

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Publication number
EP2132252A2
EP2132252A2 EP07752444A EP07752444A EP2132252A2 EP 2132252 A2 EP2132252 A2 EP 2132252A2 EP 07752444 A EP07752444 A EP 07752444A EP 07752444 A EP07752444 A EP 07752444A EP 2132252 A2 EP2132252 A2 EP 2132252A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
group
phase comprises
subscript
carbon atoms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07752444A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
George A. Policello
Mark D. Leatherman
Wenqing Peng
Suresh K. Rajaraman
Zinjun Xia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Momentive Performance Materials Inc
Original Assignee
Momentive Performance Materials Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Momentive Performance Materials Inc filed Critical Momentive Performance Materials Inc
Priority to EP12000693A priority Critical patent/EP2449879A1/en
Priority to EP12000692A priority patent/EP2450413A1/en
Publication of EP2132252A2 publication Critical patent/EP2132252A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/045—Polysiloxanes containing less than 25 silicon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/25—Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
    • A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
    • A61K8/894—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone modified by a polyoxyalkylene group, e.g. cetyl dimethicone copolyol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
    • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
    • C07F7/0834—Compounds having one or more O-Si linkage
    • C07F7/0838—Compounds with one or more Si-O-Si sequences
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/82—Compounds containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C08G77/12—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to hydrogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to trisiloxane surfactant compositions that exhibit resistance to hydrolysis over a wide pH range. More particularly the present invention relates to such hydrolysis resistant trisiloxane surfactants having a resistance to hydrolysis between a pH of about 3 to a pH of about 12.
  • the present invention provides for a trisiloxane compound or compositions thereof useful as a surfactant selected from the group of trisiloxane compounds having the formula I, II or III.
  • Trisiloxane compound I has the formula:
  • R 1 is selected from a branched or linear hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 4 carbons, aryl / and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • R 2 , R 3 R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl group;
  • Z is an alkyleneoxide group of the general formula:
  • R 8 (C 2 H4 ⁇ ) a (C3H6 ⁇ )b( ⁇ H 8 O)cR 9 , where R» is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms ;
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts a, b and c are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • Trisiloxane compound II has the formula:
  • R 10 , R 11 , R 12 R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independentiy selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and and an aUkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • Z' is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • R 17 (C 2 H4 ⁇ )d(C 3 H6 ⁇ ) e (QH8 ⁇ )fR 18 , where R 1? is selected from a branched or linear divalent hydrocarbon radical of the general formula:
  • R 18 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • Trisiloxane compound HI has the formula:
  • M5 (RW)(R20)(R2 i )SiCh/2
  • M* (R22)(R2 3 )(R24) SiO l / 2
  • R 19 , R 20 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , and R 24 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 25 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 4 carbons; Z" is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • R 26 (C 2 H 4 ⁇ ) g (C3H6 ⁇ ) h ( ⁇ H8 ⁇ )iR2 7 , where R 26 is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms; R 27 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • integer values of stoichiometric subscripts refer to molecular species and non-integer values of stoichiometric subscripts refer to a mixture of molecular species on a molecular weight average basis, a number average basis or a mole fraction basis.
  • integer values of stoichiometric subscripts refer to molecular species and non-integer values of stoichiometric subscripts refer to a mixture of molecular species on a molecular weight average basis, a number average basis or a mole fraction basis.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RLTLE 26) subscripts that may be either integral or non-integral in contrast to those of pure compounds.
  • the present invention provides for a trisiloxane compound or compositions thereof useful as a surfactant selected from the group of trisiloxane compounds having the formula I, II or III.
  • Trisiloxane compound I has the formula:
  • R 1 is selected from a branched or linear hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 4 carbons, aryl, and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • R 2 , R 3 R 4 , R 5 / R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl group.
  • Z is an alkyleneoxide group of the general formula:
  • R 8 (C 2 H4 ⁇ )a(C 3 H6 ⁇ )b( ⁇ H8 ⁇ )cR 9 , where R 8 is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms; R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts a, b and c are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships: 2 ⁇ a + b + c ⁇ _ 20 with a > 2.
  • Trisiloxane compound II has the formula:
  • M 4 (Ri3)(R")(Ri 5 ) Si ⁇ i /2
  • R 10 , R 11 , R 12 R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl subs ⁇ ' tuents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • Z' is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • R 17 (C 2 H4 ⁇ )d(C3H 6 O)e(C4H8 ⁇ )fR i8 , where R ⁇ has the formula:
  • R 18 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • Trisiloxane compound II may also have the formula: M S D 2 M 4 wherein
  • M3 (RlO)(RIl)(RlZ)SiO 172 ;
  • R 10 , R 11 , R 12 R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • Z' is an alkylene oxide group of the formula:
  • R 17 (C 2 H4 ⁇ )d(C 3 H6 ⁇ )e( ⁇ H8 ⁇ )fR 18 / where R 17 has the formula:
  • R 18 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl, the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • Trisiloxa ⁇ ie compound III has the formula:
  • R 19 , R 20 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , and R 24 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and and an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 25 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 4 carbons; Z" is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • R 26 (C 2 H4 ⁇ ) g (C 3 H6 ⁇ )h( ⁇ H8 ⁇ )iR 27 , where R 26 is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms;
  • R 27 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • composition of the present invention is to react a molecule of the following formula:
  • D H is the hydride precursor to the D' structural unit in the composition of the present invention, wherein the definitions and relationships are later defined and consistent with those defined above, under hydrosilylat ⁇ on conditions, with an olefinically modified p ⁇ lyalkyleneoxide, such as aUyloxypolyethyleneglycol, or methallyloxypolyalkyleneoxide, which are incorporated here as examples, and not set forth to limit other possible olefinically modified alkyleneoxide components.
  • olefinically modified polyalkyleneoxide is defined as a molecule possessing one or more alkyleneoxide groups containing one or more, terminal or pendant, carbon-carbon double bonds.
  • the polyether (the precursor to the substituents Z, Z' or Z") is an olefinically modified polyajkyleneoxide (hereinafter referred to as "polyether”) is described by the general formula :
  • R 28 is H or methyl;
  • R 29 is a divalent alkyl radical of 1 to 6 carbons where the subscript j may be 0 or 1;
  • R 30 is -C 2 HiO-, where the subscript k may be 0 or 1;
  • R 31 is H, a monofunctional hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbons, or acetyl and the subscripts m, n and p are zero or positive and satisfy the relationship 2 ⁇ m + n + p ⁇ _ 20 with m > 2.
  • the polyether is composed of mixed oxyalkyleneoxide groups (Le. oxyethylene, oxypropylene and oxybutylene) the units may be blocked, or randomly distributed.
  • Illustrative examples of blocked configurations are: - (oxyethylene)a(oxypropylene)b-; -(oxybutylene) c (oxyethylene) a -; and -(oxypropylene)b(oxyethylene)a(oxybutylene)c-.
  • polyether are provided below, but not limited to:
  • CH 2 CHCH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) 8 H;
  • CH 2 CHCH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) 8 CH 3 ;
  • CH 2 CHCH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) 4 (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 H;
  • CH 2 CHO(CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 5 H;
  • CH 2 CHCH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) 5 (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) 2 (CH 2 CH(CH 2 CH 3 )
  • Polyether modified siloxanes are prepared in the normal manner through the use of a hydrosilylation reaction to graft the olefinically modified (i.e. vinyl, allyl or methallyl) polyalkyleneoxide onto the hydride (SiH) intermediate of the trisiloxane of the present invention.
  • a hydrosilylation reaction to graft the olefinically modified (i.e. vinyl, allyl or methallyl) polyalkyleneoxide onto the hydride (SiH) intermediate of the trisiloxane of the present invention.
  • a preferred embodiment of trisiloxane compound formula I is where R 1 and R 4 are selected from a branched or linear hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 4 carbons, aryl, an alkyl hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl substituents of 6 to 20 carbon atoms; More preferably 3 to 4 carbons or aryl.
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 5 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, aryl, and a hydrocarbon group of 4 to 9 carbons containing an aryl group; more preferably 1 to 2 carbon monohydrocarbon radicals and aryl; most preferably methyl.
  • 2 is an alkyleneoxide group of the general formula:
  • R 8 (C2H4 ⁇ ) a (C 3 H6 ⁇ )b(QH8 ⁇ )cR 9 , where R 8 is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 7 carbons; most preferably 3 to 6 carbons.
  • Subscripts a, b and c are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • R 9 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl.
  • R 1 , R 4 and R 7 are selected from a branched or linear hydrocarbon group consisting of 2 to 4 carbons, and aryl; more preferably 3 to 4 carbons.
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, and aryl; more preferably 1 to 2 carbons; most preferably methyl.
  • Z is as described above.
  • a preferred embodiment of trisiloxane compound formula II is where R 10 , R", R 12 R 13 , R 14 , R 15 and R 16 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, and aryl; Z' is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • Ri 7 is selected from a branched or linear divalent hydrocarbon radical of the general formula:
  • R 18 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl; more preferably H, and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; the subscripts d, e and f are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • d is 5 to 20, more preferably 5 to 8; preferably e is 0 to 10; more preferably 0 to 5; preferably f is 0 to 8, more preferably 0 to 4.
  • a preferred embodiment of trisiloxane compound formula III is where:
  • R 19 , R 20 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , and R 24 are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1 to 4 carbon monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and aryl;
  • R 25 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 4 carbons; most preferred 3 to 4 carbons;
  • Z" is an alkylene oxide group of the general formula:
  • R 26 where R 26 is a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 carbon atoms; more preferably 3 to 7 carbons; most preferably 3 to 6 carbons.
  • R 27 is selected from the group consisting of H, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and acetyl; more preferably H, and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; the subscripts g, h and i are zero or positive and satisfy the following relationships:
  • Precious metal catalysts suitable for making polyether substituted siloxanes are also well known in the art and comprise complexes of rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, osmium, indium, and /or platinum. Many types of platinum catalysts for this SiH olefin addition reaction are known and such platinum catalysts may be used to generate the compositions of the present invention.
  • the platinum compound can be selected from those having the formula (PtChOlefin) and H(PtCl3 ⁇ lefin) as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,601, hereby incorporated by reference.
  • a further platinum containing material can be a complex of chloroplatinic acid with up to 2 moles per gram of platinum of a member selected from the class consisting of alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and mixtures thereof as described in U.S. Pat. No.3,220,972 hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Yet another g ⁇ oup of platinum containing materials useful in this present invention is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,715,334; 3,775,452 and 3,814,730 (Karstedt). Additional background concerning the art may be found in J.L. Spier, "Homogeneous Catalysis of Hydrosilation by Transition Metals", in Advances in Organometallic Chemistry, volume 17, pages 407 through 447, F.G.A.
  • an effective amount of platinum catalyst Generally an effective amount ranges from about 0.1 to 50 parts per million of the total organomodified trisiloxane composition.
  • compositions of the present invention exhibit an enhanced resistance to hydrolysis outside a pH range ranging from 6 to 7.5.
  • Enhanced resistance to hydrolysis can be demonstrated by a variety of tests but as used herein enhanced resistance to hydrolysis means 50 mole percent or more of the hydrolysis resistant composition of the present invention remains unchanged or unreacted after a period of a twenty-four exposure to aqueous acidic conditions where the solution has a pH lower than 6 or after a period of a twenty-four hour exposure to aqueous basic conditions where the solution has a pH greater than 7.5.
  • compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent of the original concentration or greater at a pH of 5 or less for a period of time in excess of 48 hours; specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 5 or less for a period of time in excess of 2 weeks; more specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 5 or less for a period of time in excess of 1 month; and most specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 5 or less for a period of time in excess of 6 months.
  • compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 8 or more for a period of time in excess of 2 weeks; specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 8 or more for a period of time in excess of 4 weeks; more specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 8 or more for a period of time in excess of 6 months; and most specifically the compositions of the present invention show a survival of 50 mole percent or greater at a pH of 8 or more for a period of time in excess of 1 year.
  • adjuvants are provided either as a tank-side additive or used as a component in pesticide formulations.
  • Typical uses for pesticides include agricultural, horticultural, turf, ornamental, home and garden, veterinary and forestry applications.
  • the pes ⁇ ' cidal compositions of the present invention also include at least one pesticide, where the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention is present at an amount sufficient to deliver between 0.005% and 2% to the final use concentration, either as a concentrate or diluted in a tank mix.
  • the pesticidal composition may include excipients, co-surfactants, solvents, foam control agents, deposition aids, drift retardants, biologicals, micronutrients, fertilizers and the like.
  • pesticide means any compound used to destroy pests, e.g., rodenticides, insecticides, miticides, fungicides, and herbicides.
  • pesticides which can be employed include, but are not limited to, growth regulators, photosynthesis inhibitors, pigment inhibitors, mitotic disrupters, lipid biosynthesis inhibitors / cell wall inhibitors, and cell membrane disrupters.
  • the amount of pesticide employed in compositions of the invention varies with the type of pesticide employed.
  • Fungicide compositions that can be used with the present invention include, but are not limited to, aldimorph, tridemorph, dodemorph, dimethomorph; flusilazol, azaconazole, cyproconazole, epoxiconazole, furconazole, propiconazole, tebuconazole and the like; imazalil, thiophanate, benomyl carbendazim, chlorothialonil, dicloran, trifloxystrobin, fluoxystrobin,dimoxystrobin, azoxystrobin, furcaranil, prochloraz, flusulfamide, famoxadone, captan, maneb, mancozeb, dodicin,.dodine, and metalaxyl.
  • Insecticide, larvacide, miticide and ovacide compounds that can be used with the composition of the present invention, but not limited to, Bacillus thuringiensis, spinosad, abamectin, doramectin, lepimectin, pyrethrins, carbaryl, primicarb, aldicarb, methomyl, amitraz, boric acid, chlordimeform, novaluron, bistrifluron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, imidacloprid, diazinon, acephate, endosulfan, kelevan, dimethoate, azinphos- ethyl, azinphos-methyl, izoxathion, chlorpyrifos, dofentezine, lambda- cyhalothiin, permethrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin and the like.
  • the pesticide may be a liquid or a solid. If a solid, it is preferable that it is soluble in a solvent, or the organomodified trisiloxanes of the present invention, prior to application, and the silicone may act as a solvent, or surfactant for such solubility or additional surfactants may perform this function.
  • Agricultural Excipients :
  • Buffers, preservatives and other standard excipients known in the art also may be included in the composition.
  • Solvents may also be included in compositions of the present invention. These solvents are in a liquid state at room temperature. Examples include water, alcohols, aromatic solvents, oils (i.e. mineral oil, vegetable oil, silicone oil, and so forth), lower alkyl esters of vegetable oils, fatty acids, ketones, glycols, polyethylene glycols, diols, paraffinics, and so forth. Particular solvents would be 2, 2, 4-trimethyl, 1-3-pentane diol and alkoxylated (especially ethoxylated) versions thereof as illustrated in US Patent No. 5,674,832 herein incorporated by reference, or n-methyl- pyrrilidone.
  • co-surfactants useful herein include nonionic, cationic, anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, polymeric surfactants, or any mixture thereof.
  • Surfactants are typically hydrocarbon based, silicone based or fluorocarbon based.
  • Useful surfactants include alkoxylates, especially ethoxylates, containing block copolymers including copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and mixtures thereof; alkylarylalkoxylates, especially ethoxylates or propoxylates and their derivatives including alkyl phenol ethoxylate; arylarylalkoxylates, especially ethoxylates or propoxylates.
  • amine alkoxylates especially amine ethoxylates
  • fatty add alkoxylates especially amine ethoxylates
  • fatty alcohol alkoxylates alkyl sulfonates
  • alkyl benzene and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates sulfated fatty alcohols, amines or acid amides
  • acid esters of sodium isethionate esters of sodium sulfosuccinate
  • sulfated or sulfonated fatty acid esters petroleum sulfonates
  • N-acyl sarcosinates alkyl polyglycosides
  • alkyl ethoxylated amines and so forth.
  • alkyl acetylenic diols (SURFONYL- Air Products), pyrrilodone based surfactants (e.g., SURFADONE - LP 100 - ISP), 2-ethyl hexyl sulfate, isodecyl alcohol ethoxylates (e.g., RHODASURF DA 530 - Rhodia), ethylene diamine alkoxylates (TETRONICS - BASF), and ethylene oxide/ propylene oxide copolymers (PLURONICS - BASF) and Gemini type surfactants (Rhodia).
  • pyrrilodone based surfactants e.g., SURFADONE - LP 100 - ISP
  • 2-ethyl hexyl sulfate e.g., isodecyl alcohol ethoxylates (e.g., RHODASURF DA 530 - Rhodia)
  • Preferred surfactants include ethylene oxide/ propylene oxide copolymers (EO/PO); amine ethoxylates; alkyl polyglycosides; oxo-tridecyl alcohol ethoxylates, and so forth.
  • the agrochemical composition of the present invention further comprises one or more agrochemical ingredients.
  • Suitable agrochemical ingredients include, but not limited to, herbicides, insecticides, growth regulators, fungicides, miticides, acaricides, fertilizers, biologicals, plant nutritionals, micronutrients, biocides, paraffinic mineral oil, methylated seed oils (Le.
  • Suitable agrochemical compositions are made by combining, in a manner known in the art, such as, by mixing one or more of the above components with the organomodified trisiloxane of the present invention, either as a tank-mix, or as an "In-can" formulation.
  • tank-mix means the addition of at least one agrochemical to a spray medium, such as water or oil, at the point of use.
  • a spray medium such as water or oil
  • In-can refers to a formulation or concentrate containing at least one agrochemical component. The “In-can” formulation may then diluted to use concentration at the point of use, typically in a Tank-mix, or it may be used undiluted.
  • coatings formulations will require a wetting agent or surfactant for the purpose of emulsification, compatib ⁇ ization of components, leveling, flow and reduction of surface defects. Additionally, these additives may provide improvements in the cured or dry film, such as improved abrasion resistance, antiblocking, hydrophilic, and hydrophobic properties. Coatings formulations may exists as, Solvent-borne coatings, water-borne coatings and powder coatings.
  • the coatings components may be employed as: Architecture coatings; OEM product coatings such as Automotive coatings and coil coatings; Special Purpose coatings such as industrial maintenance coatings and marine coatings;
  • Typical resin types include: Polyesters, alkyds, acrylics, epoxies
  • the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention comprises, per 100 parts by weight ("pbw") of the personal care composition, from 0.1 to 99 pbw, more preferably from 0.5 pbw to 30 pbw and still more preferably from 1 to 15 pbw of the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant and from 1 pbw to 99.9 pbw, more preferably from 70 pbw to 99.5 pbw, and still more preferably from 85 pbw to 99 pbw of the personal care composition.
  • pbw parts by weight
  • the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant compositions of the present invention may be utilized in personal care emulsions, such as lotions, and creams.
  • emulsions comprise at least two immiscible phases one of which is continuous and the other which is discontinuous.
  • Further emulsions may be liquids with varying viscosities or solids. Additionally the particle size of the emulsions may be render them microemulsions and when sufficiently small microemulsions may be transparent.
  • aqueous emulsions where the discontinuous phase comprises water and the continuous phase comprises the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention
  • discontinuous phase comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic solvent and the continuous phase comprises the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention
  • Non-aqueous emulsions comprising a silicone phase are described in US patent 6,060,546 and US patent 6,271,295 the disclosures of which are herewith and hereby specifically incorporated by reference.
  • non-aqueous hydroxylic organic compound means hydroxyl containing organic compounds exemplified by alcohols, glycols, polyhydric alcohols and polymeric glycols and mixtures thereof that are liquid at room temperature, e.g. about 25 0 C, and about one atmosphere pressure.
  • the non-aqueous organic hydroxylic solvents are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl containing organic compounds comprising alcohols, glycols, polyhydric alcohols and polymeric glycols and mixtures thereof that are liquid at room temperature, e.g. about 25 0 C, and about one atmosphere pressure.
  • the non-aqueous hydroxylic organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, iso-pr ⁇ pyl alcohol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, butylene glycol, iso-butylene glycol, methyl propane diol, glycerin, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol mono alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene copolymers and mixtures thereof.
  • the resulting material is usually a cream or lotion with improved deposition properties and good feel characteristics. It is capable of being blended into formulations for hair care, skin care, antiperspirants, sunscreens, cosmetics, color cosmetics, insect repellants, vitamin and hormone carriers, fragrance carriers and the like.
  • the personal care applications where the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention and the silicone compositions derived therefrom of the present invention may be employed include, but are not limited to, deodorants, antiperspirants, antiperspirant/ deodorants, shaving products, skin lotions, moisturizers, toners, bath products, cleansing products, hair care products such as shampoos, conditioners, mousses, styling gels, hair sprays, hair dyes, hair color products, hair bleaches, waving products, hair straighteners, manicure products such as nail polish, nail polish remover, nails creams and lotions, cuticle softeners, protective creams such as sunscreen, insect repellent and anti-aging products, color cosmetics such as lipsticks, foundations, face powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, mascaras and other personal care formulations where silicone components have been conventionally added, as well as drug delivery systems for topical application of medicinal compositions that are to be applied to the skin.
  • the personal care composition of the present invention further comprises one or more personal care ingredients.
  • suitable personal care ingredients include, for example, emollients, moisturizers, humectants, pigments, including pearlescent pigments such as, for example, bismuth oxychloride and titanium dioxide coated mica, colorants, fragrances, biocides, preservatives, antioxidants, anti-microbial agents, anti-fungal agents, antiperspirant agents, exfoliants, hormones, enzymes, medicinal compounds, vitamins, salts, electrolytes, alcohols, polyols, absorbing agents for ultraviolet radiation, botanical extracts, surfactants, silicone oils, organic oils, waxes, film formers, thickening agents such as, for example, fumed silica or hydrated silica, particulate fillers, such as for example, talc, kaolin, starch, modified starch, mica, nylon, clays, such as, for example, bentonite and organo-modified clays.
  • Suitable personal care compositions are made by combining, in a manner known in the art, such as, for example, by mixing, one or more of the above components with the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant.
  • Suitable personal care compositions may be in the form of a single phase or in the form of an emulsion, including oil-in-water, water-in-oil and anhydrous emulsions where the silicone phase may be either the discontinuous phase or the continuous phase, as well as multiple emulsions, such as, for example, oil- in water-in-oil emulsions and water-in-oil-in water-emulsions.
  • an antiperspirant composition comprises the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant of the present invention and one or more active antiperspirant agents.
  • Suitable antiperspirant agents include, for example, the Category I active antiperspirant ingredients listed in the U.S.
  • a skin care composition comprises the organomodified trisiloxane surfactant, and a vehicle, such as, for example, a silicone oil or an organic oil.
  • the skin care composition may, optionally, further include emollients, such as, for example, triglyceride esters, wax esters, alkyl or alkenyl esters of fatty acids or polyhydric alcohol esters and one or more the known components conventionally used in skin care compositions, such as, for example, pigments, vitamins, such as, for example, Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E, sunscreen or sunblock compounds, such as, for example, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, oxybenzone, octylmethoxy cinnamate, butylmethoxy dibenzoylm ethane, p-aminobenzoic acid and octyl dimethyl-p-aminobenzoic acid.
  • emollients such as, for example, triglyceride esters, wax esters
  • a color cosmetic composition such as, for example, a lipstick, a makeup or a mascara composition
  • a coloring agent such as a pigment, a water soluble dye or a liposoluble dye.
  • compositions of the present invention are utilized in conjunction with fragrant materials.
  • These fragrant materials may be fragrant compounds, encapsulated fragrant compounds, or fragrance releasing compounds that either the neat compounds or are encapsulated.
  • Particularly compatible with the compositions of the present invention are the fragrance releasing silicon containing compounds as disclosed in US patents 6,046,156; 6,054,547; 6,075,111; 6,077,923; 6,083,901; and 6,153,578; all of which are herein and herewith specifically incorporated by reference.
  • compositions of the present invention are not restricted to personal care compositions, other products such as waxes, polishes and textiles treated with the compositions of the present invention are also contemplated.
  • Home care applications include laundry detergent and fabric softener, dishwashing liquids, wood and furniture polish, floor polish, tub and tile cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, hard surface cleaners, window cleaners, antifog agents, drain cleaners, auto-dish washing detergents and sheeting agents, carpet cleaners, prewash spotters, rust cleaners and scale removers.
  • the fluid was washed 3 times using 100 g of water each time. 25 g of NaHCCh was mixed with lOOg of water and added slowly to the mixture and stirred for 30 min. The water was again drained and dried over sodium sulfate. After filtering, the PE was stripped off on the rotor evaporator and the crude product was further fractional distilled under reduced pressure to afford 63g 1BuMe 2 SiOMe(H)SiOSi Me 2 tBu (GC purity 97%).
  • organomodified trisiloxane surfactant compositions of the present invention were prepared by conventional methods of platinum mediated hydrosilation, as described in Bailey, U.S. Patent 3,299,112, herein incorporated by reference.
  • Table 1 provides a description of the compositions of the present invention. Some of these compositions are described by the structure:
  • Table 2 provides a description of the comparative trisiloxane and organosilicone polyether based surfactants of the general structure:
  • comparative sample OPE Olethoxylate, containing 10 polyoxyethylene units
  • OPE Olethoxylate, containing 10 polyoxyethylene units
  • This example demonstrates the ability of the organomodified trisiloxane composition of the present invention to reduce aqueous surface tension thereby showing utility as surfactants.
  • Surface tension was measured using a Kruss surface tensiometer, with a sand blasted platinum blade as the sensor. Solutions of the various components were prepared at 0.1 wt% in 0.005M NaQ water (Deionized), as an equilibrium aid.
  • Table 3 shows that solutions of these unique compositions provide a significant reduction in surface tension relative to the conventional surfactant.
  • compositions of the present invention also provide spreading properties similar to the comparative trisiloxane surfactants (A, B). Additionally, organomodified trisiloxane surfactants of the present invention
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RLlLE 26) provide improved spreading relative to the conventional silicone polyether (Q and conventional organic surfactant product OPE.
  • Spreading was determined by applying a 10 ⁇ L droplet, of surfactant solution to polyacetate film (USI, "Crystal Clear Write on Film") and measuring the spread diameter (mm) after 30 seconds, at a relative humidity between 50 and 70% (at 22 to 25°C).
  • the solution was applied with an automatic pipette to provide droplets of reproducible volume, Deior ⁇ zed water that was further purified with a Millipore filtration system was used to prepare the surfactant solutions.
  • Hydrolytic stability was determined for representative compositions of the present invention using HPLC. Solutions of the various compositions were prepared at 0.5 wt% over a pH range from pH 4 to pHll, and monitored by HPLC for decomposition as a function of time.
  • Tables 5-8 demonstrates that the compositions of the present invention provide improved resistance to hydrolytic decomposition relative to the standard comparative siloxane based surfactant Siloxane A, under similar pH conditions.
  • Comparative siloxane A shows rapid hydrolysis at pH values below 5 and at pH values above 7, while the organomodified trisiloxane surfactants of the present invention demonstrates a higher resistance to hydrolysis under the same conditions.
  • the organomodified trisiloxane surfactants of the present invention provide increased resistance to hydrolysis relative to traditional trisiloxane alkoxylates (Comparative A).
  • An artifact of hydrolysis is observed as a reduction in sreading properties over time. Therefore solutions of the organomodified trisiloxane surfactants of the present invention, as well as comparative surfactants were prepared at desired use levels and pH. Spreading was determined as a function of time to illustrate resistance to hydrolysis.
  • Table 9 is an illustrative example of the organomodified trisiloxane surfactants, where product No. 3, a superspreader, has improved resistance to hydrolysis, over a pH range from pH 3 to pH 10, relative to a traditional trisiloxane ethoxylate surfactant (Product A).
  • Product A a traditional trisiloxane ethoxylate surfactant
  • resistance to hydrolysis was observed by monitoring the spreading properties over time.
  • a 0.4 wt% solution was prepared at pH 3, 4, 5 and 10.
  • ⁇ alpha
  • Table 11 demonstrates that representative examples of the co- surfactants of the present invention provide favorable spreading results, and in some cases provide an unexpected synergistic enhancement, where the spread diameter of the mixture exceeds that of the individual components.
  • Oxo-TDA-5 Oxo-tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate (5 EO)
  • the word "comprises” and its grammatical variants logically also subtend and include phrases of varying and differing extent such as for example, but not limited thereto, “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of.” Where necessary,, ranges have been supplied, those ranges are inclusive of all sub-ranges there between. Such ranges may be viewed as a Markush group or groups consisting of differing pairwise numerical limitations which group or groups is or are fully defined by its lower and upper bounds, increasing in a regular fashion numerically from lower bounds to upper bounds.

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