EP2130201A1 - Helmholtz resonator - Google Patents

Helmholtz resonator

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Publication number
EP2130201A1
EP2130201A1 EP08735476A EP08735476A EP2130201A1 EP 2130201 A1 EP2130201 A1 EP 2130201A1 EP 08735476 A EP08735476 A EP 08735476A EP 08735476 A EP08735476 A EP 08735476A EP 2130201 A1 EP2130201 A1 EP 2130201A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmholtz resonator
membrane
housing
resonance
resonant frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08735476A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2130201B1 (en
Inventor
David Shawn Marion
Stephen Francis Bloomer
Jianrui Ye
Richard Donald Mcwilliam
Philip Edward Arthur Stuart
Jason Lorne Pettipiece
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP2130201A1 publication Critical patent/EP2130201A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2130201B1 publication Critical patent/EP2130201B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Helmholtz resonator for damping airborne sound in a room, in particular in an airborne sounding conduit.
  • the invention also relates to a gas-conducting system for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, as well as a silencer for such a gas-conducting system, which are each equipped with such a Helmholtz resonator.
  • a Helmholtz resonator is well known in the field of acoustics and is used to steam airborne sound.
  • Helmholtz resonators are used in fresh air systems and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, in order to specifically dampen certain interfering frequencies.
  • a Helmholtz resonator has a resonant volume which is enclosed in a housing and which communicates via a neck with the space in which the sound to be damped propagates.
  • the Helmholtz resonator acts like a spring-mass oscillator whose spring is formed by the resonance volume and whose mass is formed by the oscillating air mass in the neck.
  • Such Helmholtz resonators can be calculated comparatively accurately and interpreted accordingly relatively accurately.
  • the present invention is concerned with the problem of a Helmholtz resonator of the type mentioned or for a so equipped Gas management system or a so equipped muffler to provide an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by the fact that with a relatively low cost at least two different resonant frequencies can be realized.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of equipping the housing of the Helmholtz resonator with at least one oscillatable membrane which is designed such that its first order resonant frequency essentially corresponds to that resonant frequency which a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator would have without such a membrane.
  • This design has the consequence that the membrane is excited to vibrate in the region of its resonant frequency, which slightly attenuates the damping effect of the Helmholtz resonator compared to a similar Helmholtz resonator without such membrane in the resonant frequency, but in a first adjacent frequency range , which lies below the resonant frequency of the membrane, as well as in a second frequency range adjacent thereto, which is above the resonant frequency of the membrane, each showing a maximum of the damping effect, in these two frequency ranges compared to a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator without such a significant membrane show increased damping effect.
  • the Helmholtz resonator constructed according to the invention thus has two different frequencies with maximum damping effect on both sides of the resonant frequency of the diaphragm. These two frequencies thus form two resonance frequencies of the Helmholtz resonator according to the invention. They can be predicted comparatively accurately.
  • the proposed Helmholtz resonator receives a certain broadband effect, namely between its resonance frequencies.
  • the Helmholtz resonator thus formed can be effectively used in particular also in varying environmental conditions.
  • the housing may have at least one cover which encloses the wall section having the membrane in an additional volume, in particular gas-tight, at an outer side of the housing facing away from the resonance volume.
  • the damping effect of the membrane to a certain extent of environmental conditions, such. For example, pressure and temperature, the Helmholtz resonator are decoupled.
  • the damping effect of the Helmholtz resonator in the region of the two resonance frequencies can be ensured.
  • Fig. 1 is a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a schematic
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram for the visualization of the frequency-dependent
  • the respective gas-conducting installation 2, 3 has in each case at least one gas-carrying line 4 or 5, wherein a Helmholtz resonator 6 or a silencer 7 can be connected to at least one of these lines 4, 5 and contains at least one such Helmholtz resonator 6 ,
  • both the fresh air system 2 is equipped with such a silencer 7 or such a Helmholtz resonator 6 and the exhaust system 3.
  • such a Helmholtz resonator 6 comprises in each case a housing 8 which encloses a resonance volume 9, in particular gas-tight, and at least one neck 10 which connects the resonance volume 9 with a space, in this case with a line, namely with the fresh air line 4 or with the exhaust line 5, which conveys airborne sound.
  • the Helmholtz resonator 6 serves to dampen the transported in the respective line 4, 5 airborne sound. It is important for the here in shunt arranged Helmholtz resonator 6 that its housing 8 closes the resonance volume 9 outside the respective neck 10 gas-tight to the outside.
  • the respective housing 8 has at least one oscillatable membrane 11 which forms a wall section of the housing 8 delimiting the resonance volume 9.
  • this membrane 11 is designed so that the first order of this resonant frequency corresponds to that resonant frequency of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator which has no such membrane 11.
  • FIG. 6 the ordinate plots the acoustic attenuation in decibels dB, while the abscissa plots the acoustic frequency in Hertz Hz.
  • a dashed line is a damping curve 13 of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator, which has no such membrane 11, applied. Visible this course 13 has a maximum 14 at a resonant frequency 15 of this membraneless, but otherwise identical Helmholtz resonator.
  • This resonant frequency 15 of the membraneless Helmholtz resonator corresponds to the first order of the resonant frequency of the diaphragm 11.
  • the diagram of FIG. 6 contains a curve 16, the dependence of the attenuation of the frequency in the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention with a such membrane 11 reproduces.
  • the damping effect initially increases up to a first maximum 17, as a result of which the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention has a first resonance frequency 18.
  • the damping effect drops to a minimum 19, which lies in the region of the resonance frequency 15 of the structurally identical but diaphragmless Helmholtz resonator, ie in the region of the resonance frequency of the diaphragm 11.
  • the damping effect increases again up to a second maximum 20 at which the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention has a second resonance frequency 21.
  • Recognizable thus causes the specially designed membrane 11 that, in contrast to a conventional membraneless Helmholtz resonator instead of a single resonant frequency 15, two resonant frequencies 18, 21 are present whose Dampfungsmaxima 17, 20 arranged approximately mirror symmetry to the resonant frequency 15 of the conventional membraneless Helmholtz resonator are.
  • the respective membrane 11 can in particular be produced integrally with the remaining housing 8, for example by injection molding of plastic.
  • the membrane 11 differs from the rest of the housing 8 in particular by its thickness, which can be considerably reduced compared to the thickness of the remaining housing 8.
  • the diaphragm 11 is designed so that it can vibrate, at least in the region of its connection to the surrounding housing 8, so that it can flex elastically in order to perform the desired oscillatory movements 12.
  • the rest of the housing 8 outside the membrane 11 is designed comparatively stiff.
  • the housing 8 outside of the respective membrane 11 is configured so stiff that any resonant frequency of the housing 8 outside the respective membrane 11 is at least ten times greater than the resonance frequency 15 of the structurally similar, membrane-free Helmholtz device Resonator. In other words, if the housing 8 itself has a resonance frequency, its first order is at least ten times greater than the resonance frequencies 18, 21 of the Helmholtz resonator 6.
  • the membrane 11 may be designed in a suitable manner, so that they from the rest of the housing 8 in particular by the selected material, by the selected Thickness and if necessary by a profile as well as by their form differs.
  • the respective housing 8 for the respective membrane 11 has a housing opening 22, which is closed by the respective membrane 11.
  • the housing 8 has at least one cover 23. This is arranged on a side facing away from the resonant volume 9 outside of the housing 8, in such a way that it covers the membrane 11 forming or containing wall portion and in an additional volume 24, preferably gas-tight, includes.
  • the lid 23 is preferably made less stiff than the housing 8 outside the membrane 11. Basically, an embodiment is possible in which the lid 23 is designed to be the same stiff as the housing 8 outside the membrane 11. Thus, the lid 23 may be made in particular of the same material as the rest of the housing.
  • two membranes 11 and 11 ' are shown purely by way of example. In principle, more than two membranes 11, 11 'can be provided.
  • the two membranes 11, 11 'can be designed identically. Likewise, they can be tuned to the same resonant frequency with different design. Likewise, an embodiment is possible in which the two membranes 11, 11 'are tuned to different resonance frequencies. As a result, the attenuation maxima 17, 20 can be made wider.
  • the housing 8 is also equipped with two membranes 11 and 11 ', similar to the embodiment of FIG. 4. Preferably, the two membranes 11, 11' in the embodiment shown in Fig.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a Helmholtz resonator (6) for damping airborne sound in a space, particularly in a conduit (4, 5) transporting airborne sound, comprising a housing (8) surrounding a resonance volume (9), comprising at least one neck (10) for connecting the resonance volume (9) to the space or to the conduit (4, 5) transporting the airborne sound. The Helmholtz resonator (6) obtains at least two resonance frequencies if the housing (8) has at least one wall section delimiting the resonance volume (9), said wall section being formed by a vibratory membrane (11), and if the membrane (11) is tuned such that the resonance frequency thereof corresponds to the first order of the resonance frequency of an identically constructed Helmholtz resonator that does not have such a membrane (11).

Description

Helmholtz-Resonator Helmholtz resonator
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Helmholtz-Resonator zum Dämpfen von Luftschall in einem Raum, insbesondere in einer Luftschall transportierenden Leitung. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Gasführungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, sowie einen Schalldämpfer für eine solche Gasführungsanlage, die jeweils mit einem derartigen Helmholtz-Resonator ausgestattet sind.The present invention relates to a Helmholtz resonator for damping airborne sound in a room, in particular in an airborne sounding conduit. The invention also relates to a gas-conducting system for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, as well as a silencer for such a gas-conducting system, which are each equipped with such a Helmholtz resonator.
Ein Helmholtz-Resonator ist in der Akustik allgemein bekannt und dient zum Bedampfen von Luftschall. Beispielsweise kommen derartige Helmholtz- Resonatoren bei Frischluftanlagen und Abgasanlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere bei Kraftfahrzeugen, zur Anwendung, um gezielt bestimmte störende Frequenzen zu bedampfen. Üblicherweise besitzt ein Helmholtz- Resonator ein Resonanzvolumen, das in einem Gehäuse eingeschlossen ist und das über einen Hals mit demjenigen Raum kommuniziert, in dem sich der zu bedämpfende Schall ausbreitet. Der Helmholtz-Resonator wirkt wie ein Feder- Masse-Schwinger, dessen Feder durch das Resonanzvolumen gebildet ist und dessen Masse durch die im Hals schwingende Luftmasse gebildet ist. Derartige Helmholtz-Resonatoren lassen sich vergleichsweise genau berechnen und dementsprechend relativ genau auslegen. Dabei sind sie grundsätzlich nur auf eine bestimmte Resonanzfrequenz auslegbar, die vergleichsweise tief ist. Grundsätzlich ist auch denkbar, ein gemeinsames Resonanzvolumen über zwei unterschiedliche Hälse mit dem zu bedämpfenden Raum zu verbinden, wodurch der Helmholtz-Resonator zwei unterschiedliche Resonanzfrequenzen aufweist.A Helmholtz resonator is well known in the field of acoustics and is used to steam airborne sound. For example, such Helmholtz resonators are used in fresh air systems and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, in order to specifically dampen certain interfering frequencies. Usually, a Helmholtz resonator has a resonant volume which is enclosed in a housing and which communicates via a neck with the space in which the sound to be damped propagates. The Helmholtz resonator acts like a spring-mass oscillator whose spring is formed by the resonance volume and whose mass is formed by the oscillating air mass in the neck. Such Helmholtz resonators can be calculated comparatively accurately and interpreted accordingly relatively accurately. In principle, they can only be interpreted to a certain resonance frequency, which is comparatively low. In principle, it is also conceivable to connect a common resonance volume via two different necks with the space to be damped, as a result of which the Helmholtz resonator has two different resonance frequencies.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für einen Helmholtz- Resonator der eingangs genanten Art bzw. für eine damit ausgestattete Gasführungsanlage bzw. einen damit ausgestatteten Schalldämpfer eine verbesserte Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere dadurch auszeichnet, dass mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Aufwand zumindest zwei verschiedene Resonanzfrequenzen realisierbar sind.The present invention is concerned with the problem of a Helmholtz resonator of the type mentioned or for a so equipped Gas management system or a so equipped muffler to provide an improved embodiment, which is characterized in particular by the fact that with a relatively low cost at least two different resonant frequencies can be realized.
Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, das Gehäuse des Helmholtz-Resonators mit wenigstens einer schwingungsfähigen Membran auszustatten, die so ausgelegt ist, dass ihre Resonanzfrequenz erster Ordnung im Wesentlichen derjenigen Resonanzfrequenz entspricht, die ein baugleicher Helmholtz-Resonator ohne eine solche Membran aufweisen würde. Diese Bauweise hat zur Folge, dass die Membran im Bereich ihrer Resonanzfrequenz zu Schwingungen angeregt wird, was die Dämpfungswirkung des Helmholtz- Resonators im Vergleich zu einem baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonator ohne derartige Membran im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz geringfügig abschwächt, jedoch in einem dazu benachbarten ersten Frequenzbereich, der unterhalb der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran liegt, sowie in einem dazu benachbarten zweiten Frequenzbereich, der oberhalb der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran liegt, jeweils ein Maximum der Dämpfungswirkung zeigt, die in diesen beiden Frequenzbereichen im Vergleich zu einem baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonator ohne derartige Membran eine signifikant verstärkte Dämpfungswirkung zeigen. Der erfindungsgemäß gebaute Helmholtz-Resonator besitzt somit beiderseits der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran zwei verschiedene Frequenzen mit maximaler Dämpfungswirkung. Diese beiden Frequenzen bilden somit zwei Resonanzfrequenzen des erfindungsgemäßen Helmholtz-Resonators. Sie lassen sich vergleichsweise genau vorausbestimmen. Durch die beiden Resonanzfrequenzen erhält der vorgeschlagene Helmholtz-Resonator eine gewisse Breitbandwirkung, nämlich zwischen seinen Resonanzfrequenzen. Der so gebildete Helmholtz-Resonator lässt sich dadurch insbesondere auch in variierenden Umgebungsbedingungen effektiv einsetzen.The invention is based on the general idea of equipping the housing of the Helmholtz resonator with at least one oscillatable membrane which is designed such that its first order resonant frequency essentially corresponds to that resonant frequency which a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator would have without such a membrane. This design has the consequence that the membrane is excited to vibrate in the region of its resonant frequency, which slightly attenuates the damping effect of the Helmholtz resonator compared to a similar Helmholtz resonator without such membrane in the resonant frequency, but in a first adjacent frequency range , which lies below the resonant frequency of the membrane, as well as in a second frequency range adjacent thereto, which is above the resonant frequency of the membrane, each showing a maximum of the damping effect, in these two frequency ranges compared to a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator without such a significant membrane show increased damping effect. The Helmholtz resonator constructed according to the invention thus has two different frequencies with maximum damping effect on both sides of the resonant frequency of the diaphragm. These two frequencies thus form two resonance frequencies of the Helmholtz resonator according to the invention. They can be predicted comparatively accurately. By the two Resonant frequencies, the proposed Helmholtz resonator receives a certain broadband effect, namely between its resonance frequencies. The Helmholtz resonator thus formed can be effectively used in particular also in varying environmental conditions.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform kann das Gehäuse zumindest einen Deckel aufweisen, der an einer vom Resonanzvolumen abgewandten Außenseite des Gehäuses den die Membran aufweisenden Wandabschnitt in einem Zusatzvolumen, insbesondere gasdicht, einschließt. Auf diese Weise kann die Dämpfungswirkung der Membran in einem gewissen Umfang von Umgebungsbedingungen, wie z. Bsp. Druck und Temperatur, des Helmholtz- Resonators entkoppelt werden. Somit kann bspw. in einem breiten Betriebsbereich hinsichtlich Drücke und/oder Temperaturen die Dämpfungswirkung des Helmholtz-Resonators im Bereich der beiden Resonanzfrequenzen gewährleistet werden.According to an advantageous embodiment, the housing may have at least one cover which encloses the wall section having the membrane in an additional volume, in particular gas-tight, at an outer side of the housing facing away from the resonance volume. In this way, the damping effect of the membrane to a certain extent of environmental conditions, such. For example, pressure and temperature, the Helmholtz resonator are decoupled. Thus, for example, in a wide operating range with regard to pressures and / or temperatures, the damping effect of the Helmholtz resonator in the region of the two resonance frequencies can be ensured.
Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Bauteile beziehen. Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components. Show, in each case schematically,
Fig. 1 eine stark vereinfachte, schaltplanartige Prinzipdarstellung einerFig. 1 is a greatly simplified schematic diagram of a schematic
Gasführungsanlage,Gas delivery system,
Fig. 2 - 5 stark vereinfachte Ansichten von Helmholtz-Resonatoren bei unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen,2 to 5 greatly simplified views of Helmholtz resonators in different embodiments,
Fig. 6 ein Diagramm zur Visualisierung der frequenzabhängigenFig. 6 is a diagram for the visualization of the frequency-dependent
Dämpfungswirkung eines Helmholtz-Resonators.Damping effect of a Helmholtz resonator.
Entsprechend Fig. 1 können an eine herkömmliche Brennkraftmaschine 1 eingangsseitig eine Gasführungsanlage 2 zum Zuführen von Frischluft, so genannte Frischluftanlage 2 und ausgangsseitig eine Gasführungsanlage 3 zum Wegführen von Abgas, so genannte Abgasanlage 3 angeschlossen sein. Die jeweilige Gasführungsanlage 2, 3 weist jeweils zumindest eine gasführende Leitung 4 bzw. 5 auf, wobei an wenigstens eine dieser Leitungen 4, 5 ein Helmholtz-Resonator 6 bzw. ein Schalldämpfer 7 angeschlossen sein kann, der zumindest einen solchen Helmholtz-Resonator 6 enthält. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist sowohl die Frischluftanlage 2 mit einem derartigen Schalldämpfer 7 bzw. einem solchen Helmholtz-Resonator 6 ausgestattet als auch die Abgasanlage 3. Es ist klar, dass die jeweilige Leitung 4 bzw. 5 auch mehr als einen solchen Helmholtz- Resonator 6 bzw. auch mehr als einen solchen Schalldämpfer 7 enthalten kann. Desweiteren ist ebenfalls klar, dass der jeweilige Schalldämpfer 7 auch mehr als einen solchen Helmholtz-Resonator 6 enthalten kann.1 can be connected to a conventional internal combustion engine 1 on the input side, a gas supply system 2 for supplying fresh air, so-called fresh air system 2 and the output side, a gas supply system 3 for carrying away exhaust gas, so-called exhaust system 3. The respective gas-conducting installation 2, 3 has in each case at least one gas-carrying line 4 or 5, wherein a Helmholtz resonator 6 or a silencer 7 can be connected to at least one of these lines 4, 5 and contains at least one such Helmholtz resonator 6 , In the example shown, both the fresh air system 2 is equipped with such a silencer 7 or such a Helmholtz resonator 6 and the exhaust system 3. It is clear that the respective line 4 and 5 and more than such a Helmholtz resonator 6 and may also contain more than one such silencer 7. Furthermore, it is also clear that the respective muffler 7 may also contain more than one such Helmholtz resonator 6.
Entsprechend den Fig. 1 bis 5 umfasst ein solcher Helmholtz-Resonator 6 jeweils ein Gehäuse 8, das ein Resonanzvolumen 9, insbesondere gasdicht, umschließt, sowie zumindest einen Hals 10, der das Resonanzvolumen 9 mit einem Raum, hier mit einer Leitung, nämlich mit der Frischluftleitung 4 bzw. mit der Abgasleitung 5, verbindet, die Luftschall transportiert. Der Helmholtz-Resonator 6 dient dabei zur Bedämpfung des in der jeweiligen Leitung 4, 5 transportierten Luftschalls. Dabei ist für den hier im Nebenschluss angeordneten Helmholtz- Resonator 6 wichtig, dass sein Gehäuse 8 das Resonanzvolumen 9 außerhalb des jeweiligen Halses 10 nach außen gasdicht verschließt.According to FIGS. 1 to 5, such a Helmholtz resonator 6 comprises in each case a housing 8 which encloses a resonance volume 9, in particular gas-tight, and at least one neck 10 which connects the resonance volume 9 with a space, in this case with a line, namely with the fresh air line 4 or with the exhaust line 5, which conveys airborne sound. The Helmholtz resonator 6 serves to dampen the transported in the respective line 4, 5 airborne sound. It is important for the here in shunt arranged Helmholtz resonator 6 that its housing 8 closes the resonance volume 9 outside the respective neck 10 gas-tight to the outside.
Entsprechend den Fig. 2 bis 5 weist das jeweilige Gehäuse 8 zumindest eine schwingungsfähige Membran 11 auf, die einen das Resonanzvolumen 9 begrenzenden Wandabschnitt des Gehäuses 8 bildet. Diese Membran 11 ist dabei hinsichtlich ihrer Resonanzfrequenz für Schwingungen, die entsprechend einem Doppelpfeil 12 senkrecht zur Membranebene verlaufen, so ausgelegt, dass die erste Ordnung dieser Resonanzfrequenz derjenigen Resonanzfrequenz eines baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonators entspricht, der keine solche Membran 11 besitzt.According to FIGS. 2 to 5, the respective housing 8 has at least one oscillatable membrane 11 which forms a wall section of the housing 8 delimiting the resonance volume 9. With regard to its resonant frequency for oscillations which run perpendicular to the membrane plane in accordance with a double arrow 12, this membrane 11 is designed so that the first order of this resonant frequency corresponds to that resonant frequency of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator which has no such membrane 11.
Die Wirkung einer solchen Membran 11 mit der erfindungsgemäßen Abstimmung wird mit Bezugnahme auf Fig. 6 näher erläutert. Im Diagramm der Fig. 6 sind auf der Ordinate die akustische Dämpfung in Dezibel dB aufgetragen, während auf der Abszisse die akustische Frequenz in Hertz Hz aufgetragen ist. Mit unterbrochener Linie ist ein Dämpfungsverlauf 13 eines baugleichen Helmholtz- Resonators, der keine solche Membran 11 besitzt, aufgetragen. Erkennbar besitzt dieser Verlauf 13 ein Maximum 14 bei einer Resonanzfrequenz 15 dieses membranlosen, jedoch im Übrigen baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonators. Diese Resonanzfrequenz 15 des membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators entspricht der ersten Ordnung der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran 11. Des Weiteren enthält das Diagramm der Fig. 6 einen Verlauf 16, der die Abhängigkeit der Dämpfung von der Frequenz beim erfindungsgemäßen Helmholtz-Resonator 6 mit einer solchen Membran 11 wiedergibt. Erkennbar steigt die Dämpfungswirkung zunächst bis zu einem ersten Maximum 17 an, wodurch der erfindungsgemäße Helmholtz-Resonator 6 eine erste Resonanzfrequenz 18 besitzt. Nach diesem ersten Dämpfungsmaximum 17 fällt die Dämpfungswirkung bis zu einem Minimum 19 ab, das im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz 15 des baugleichen, jedoch membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators, also im Bereich der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran 11 liegt. Anschließend steigt die Dämpfungswirkung wieder bis zu einem zweiten Maximum 20 an, bei dem der erfindungsgemäße Helmholtz-Resonator 6 eine zweite Resonanzfrequenz 21 besitzt. Erkennbar bewirkt somit die speziell ausgelegte Membran 11 , dass im Unterschied zu einem herkömmlichen, membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonator anstelle einer einzigen Resonanzfrequenz 15 zwei Resonanzfrequenzen 18, 21 vorliegen, deren Dampfungsmaxima 17, 20 etwa spiegelsymmetrisch zur Resonanzfrequenz 15 des herkömmlichen, membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators angeordnet sind.The effect of such a membrane 11 with the tuning according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. In the diagram of FIG. 6, the ordinate plots the acoustic attenuation in decibels dB, while the abscissa plots the acoustic frequency in Hertz Hz. A dashed line is a damping curve 13 of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator, which has no such membrane 11, applied. Visible this course 13 has a maximum 14 at a resonant frequency 15 of this membraneless, but otherwise identical Helmholtz resonator. This resonant frequency 15 of the membraneless Helmholtz resonator corresponds to the first order of the resonant frequency of the diaphragm 11. Furthermore, the diagram of FIG. 6 contains a curve 16, the dependence of the attenuation of the frequency in the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention with a such membrane 11 reproduces. As can be seen, the damping effect initially increases up to a first maximum 17, as a result of which the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention has a first resonance frequency 18. After this first damping maximum 17, the damping effect drops to a minimum 19, which lies in the region of the resonance frequency 15 of the structurally identical but diaphragmless Helmholtz resonator, ie in the region of the resonance frequency of the diaphragm 11. Subsequently, the damping effect increases again up to a second maximum 20 at which the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention has a second resonance frequency 21. Recognizable thus causes the specially designed membrane 11 that, in contrast to a conventional membraneless Helmholtz resonator instead of a single resonant frequency 15, two resonant frequencies 18, 21 are present whose Dampfungsmaxima 17, 20 arranged approximately mirror symmetry to the resonant frequency 15 of the conventional membraneless Helmholtz resonator are.
Die jeweilige Membran 11 kann insbesondere integral mit dem übrigen Gehäuse 8 hergestellt sein, bspw. durch Spritzformen von Kunststoff. Dabei unterscheidet sich die Membran 11 vom übrigen Gehäuse 8 insbesondere durch ihre Dicke, die gegenüber der Dicke des übrigen Gehäuses 8 erheblich reduziert sein kann. Die Membran 11 ist zumindest im Bereich ihrer Anbindung an das umgebende Gehäuse 8 schwingungsfähig ausgestaltet, so dass sie sich biegeelastisch verformen kann, um die gewünschten Schwingungsbewegungen 12 durchzuführen. Im Unterschied dazu ist das übrige Gehäuse 8 außerhalb der Membran 11 vergleichsweise steif ausgestaltet. Insbesondere ist das Gehäuse 8 außerhalb der jeweiligen Membran 11 so steif ausgestaltet, dass eine ggf. vorhandene Resonanzfrequenz des Gehäuses 8 außerhalb der jeweiligen Membran 11 hinsichtlich ihrer ersten Ordnung wenigstens zehn Mal größer ist als die Resonanzfrequenz 15 des baugleichen, membranlosen Helmholtz- Resonators. Mit anderen Worten, sofern das Gehäuse 8 selbst eine Resonanzfrequenz besitzt, ist deren erste Ordnung wenigstens zehn Mal größer als die Resonanzfrequenzen 18, 21 des Helmholtz-Resonators 6.The respective membrane 11 can in particular be produced integrally with the remaining housing 8, for example by injection molding of plastic. In this case, the membrane 11 differs from the rest of the housing 8 in particular by its thickness, which can be considerably reduced compared to the thickness of the remaining housing 8. The diaphragm 11 is designed so that it can vibrate, at least in the region of its connection to the surrounding housing 8, so that it can flex elastically in order to perform the desired oscillatory movements 12. In contrast, the rest of the housing 8 outside the membrane 11 is designed comparatively stiff. In particular, the housing 8 outside of the respective membrane 11 is configured so stiff that any resonant frequency of the housing 8 outside the respective membrane 11 is at least ten times greater than the resonance frequency 15 of the structurally similar, membrane-free Helmholtz device Resonator. In other words, if the housing 8 itself has a resonance frequency, its first order is at least ten times greater than the resonance frequencies 18, 21 of the Helmholtz resonator 6.
Für die gezielte Auslegung der Resonanzfrequenz der Membran 11 , die mit der Resonanzfrequenz 15 des membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators zusammenfallen soll, kann die Membran 11 auf geeignete Weise gestaltet sein, so dass sie sich vom übrigen Gehäuse 8 insbesondere durch das gewählte Material, durch die gewählte Dicke sowie ggf. durch ein Profil sowie durch ihre Form unterscheidet.For the specific design of the resonant frequency of the membrane 11, which is to coincide with the resonant frequency 15 of the membraneless Helmholtz resonator, the membrane 11 may be designed in a suitable manner, so that they from the rest of the housing 8 in particular by the selected material, by the selected Thickness and if necessary by a profile as well as by their form differs.
In den gezeigten Beispielen enthält das jeweilige Gehäuse 8 für die jeweilige Membran 11 eine Gehäuseöffnung 22, die von der jeweiligen Membran 11 verschlossen ist.In the examples shown, the respective housing 8 for the respective membrane 11 has a housing opening 22, which is closed by the respective membrane 11.
Bei der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform weist das Gehäuse 8 zumindest einen Deckel 23 auf. Dieser ist an einer vom Resonanzvolumen 9 abgewandten Außenseite des Gehäuses 8 angeordnet, und zwar so, dass sie den die Membran 11 bildenden bzw. beinhaltenden Wandabschnitt abdeckt und in einem Zusatzvolumen 24, bevorzugt gasdicht, einschließt. Durch diese Bauweise kann eine gewisse Entkopplung der Dämpfungswirkung der Membran 11 von den Umgebungsbedingungen, wie z.B. Temperatur und Druck, des Helmholtz- Resonators 6 erzielt werden. Bevorzugt ist dabei der Deckel 23 steifer ausgestaltet als die Membran 11. Desweiteren ist der Deckel 23 bevorzugt weniger steif ausgestaltet als das Gehäuse 8 außerhalb der Membran 11. Grundsätzlich ist auch eine Ausführungsform möglich, bei welcher der Deckel 23 gleich steif ausgestaltet ist wie das Gehäuse 8 außerhalb der Membran 11. Somit kann der Deckel 23 insbesondere aus dem gleichen Material hergestellt sein wie das übrige Gehäuse 8. Bei der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform sind rein exemplarisch zwei Membranen 11 bzw. 11 ' dargestellt. Grundsätzlich können auch mehr als zwei Membranen 11 , 11 ' vorgesehen sein. Die beiden Membranen 11 , 11 ' können identisch gestaltet sein. Ebenso können sie bei unterschiedlicher Gestaltung auf die gleiche Resonanzfrequenz abgestimmt sein. Ebenso ist eine Ausführungsform möglich, bei welcher die beiden Membranen 11 , 11 ' auf unterschiedliche Resonanzfrequenzen abgestimmt sind. Hierdurch lassen sich die Dämpfungsmaxima 17, 20 breiter ausgestalten.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the housing 8 has at least one cover 23. This is arranged on a side facing away from the resonant volume 9 outside of the housing 8, in such a way that it covers the membrane 11 forming or containing wall portion and in an additional volume 24, preferably gas-tight, includes. By this construction, a certain decoupling of the damping effect of the membrane 11 from the ambient conditions, such as temperature and pressure, of the Helmholtz resonator 6 can be achieved. In addition, the lid 23 is preferably made less stiff than the housing 8 outside the membrane 11. Basically, an embodiment is possible in which the lid 23 is designed to be the same stiff as the housing 8 outside the membrane 11. Thus, the lid 23 may be made in particular of the same material as the rest of the housing. 8 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, two membranes 11 and 11 'are shown purely by way of example. In principle, more than two membranes 11, 11 'can be provided. The two membranes 11, 11 'can be designed identically. Likewise, they can be tuned to the same resonant frequency with different design. Likewise, an embodiment is possible in which the two membranes 11, 11 'are tuned to different resonance frequencies. As a result, the attenuation maxima 17, 20 can be made wider.
Bei der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsform sind rein exemplarisch zwei Hälse 10 bzw. 10' dargestellt. Grundsätzlich können auch mehr als zwei Hälse 10, 10' vorgesehen sein. Im gezeigten Beispiel sind die beiden Hälse 10, 10' unterschiedlich ausgestaltet, derart, dass der Helmholtz-Resonator 6 bereits aufgrund der beiden Hälse 10, 10' zwei unterschiedliche Resonanzfrequenzen besitzt. Beispielsweise unterscheiden sich die beiden Hälse 10, 10' durch ihren Querschnitt und/oder durch ihre Länge voneinander. Im Beispiel der Fig. 5 ist das Gehäuse 8 außerdem mit zwei Membranen 11 bzw. 11 ' ausgestattet, ähnlich wie bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 4. Bevorzugt sind die beiden Membranen 11 , 11 ' bei der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsform unterschiedlich abgestimmt. Dabei ist jede dieser Membranen 11 , 11 ' auf eine andere Resonanzfrequenz eines baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonators mit den zwei unterschiedlichen Hälsen 10, 10' jedoch ohne die Membranen 11 , 11 ' abgestimmt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass sich der in Fig. 6 dargestellte Zusammenhang für beide „gedachte" Resonanzfrequenzen des baugleichen, membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators ergibt. Dementsprechend liegen dann insgesamt vier Resonanzfrequenzen für den erfindungsgemäßen Helmholtz-Resonator 6 mit zwei unterschiedlichen Hälsen 10, 10' vor. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two necks 10 and 10 'are shown purely by way of example. In principle, more than two necks 10, 10 'may be provided. In the example shown, the two necks 10, 10 'are designed differently, such that the Helmholtz resonator 6 already has two different resonance frequencies due to the two necks 10, 10'. For example, the two necks 10, 10 'differ from one another by their cross section and / or by their length. In the example of Fig. 5, the housing 8 is also equipped with two membranes 11 and 11 ', similar to the embodiment of FIG. 4. Preferably, the two membranes 11, 11' in the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 are tuned differently , Each of these membranes 11, 11 'is tuned to a different resonant frequency of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator with the two different necks 10, 10' but without the membranes 11, 11 '. It is thereby achieved that the relationship shown in Fig. 6 results for both "imaginary" resonant frequencies of the structurally identical, membraneless Helmholtz resonator, corresponding to a total of four resonance frequencies for the Helmholtz resonator 6 according to the invention with two different necks 10, 10 ' ,

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Helmholtz-Resonator zum Dämpfen von Luftschall in einem Raum, insbesondere in einer Luftschall transportierenden Leitung (4, 5),1. Helmholtz resonator for damping airborne sound in a room, in particular in an airborne sound-transporting line (4, 5),
- mit einem Gehäuse (8), das ein Resonanzvolumen (9) umschließt,- With a housing (8) enclosing a resonance volume (9),
- mit wenigstens einem Hals (10) zum Anschließen des Resonanzvolumens (9) an den Raum (4, 5),with at least one neck (10) for connecting the resonance volume (9) to the space (4, 5),
- wobei das Gehäuse (8) zumindest einen, das Resonanzvolumen (9) begrenzenden Wandabschnitt aufweist, der durch eine schwingungsfähige Membran (11 ) gebildet ist,- wherein the housing (8) has at least one, the resonance volume (9) delimiting wall portion which is formed by a vibratable membrane (11),
- wobei die Membran (11 ) so abgestimmt ist, dass ihre Resonanzfrequenz erster Ordnung der Resonanzfrequenz eines baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonators entspricht, der keine solche Membran (11 ) besitzt.- Wherein the membrane (11) is tuned so that its resonant frequency of the first order corresponds to the resonant frequency of a structurally identical Helmholtz resonator, which has no such membrane (11).
2. Helmholtz-Resonator nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (8) zumindest einen Deckel (23) aufweist, der an einer vom Resonanzvolumen (9) abgewandten Außenseite des Gehäuses (8) den die Membran (11 ) aufweisenden bzw. bildenden Wandabschnitt in einem Zusatzvolumen (24) einschließt. 2. Helmholtz resonator according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (8) has at least one cover (23) facing away from the resonant volume (9) outside of the housing (8) which the membrane (11) having or forming wall section in an additional volume (24).
3. Helmholtz-Resonator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Deckel (23) steifer als die Membran (11 ) ausgestaltet ist.3. Helmholtz resonator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cover (23) is designed stiffer than the membrane (11).
4. Helmholtz-Resonator nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Deckel (23) weniger steif ausgestaltet ist als oder gleich steif ausgestaltet ist wie das Gehäuse (8) außerhalb der Membran (11 ).4. Helmholtz resonator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the cover (23) is designed to be less stiff than or the same stiff as the housing (8) outside the membrane (11).
5. Helmholtz-Resonator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Membran (11 ) vom übrigen Gehäuse (8) durch Material und/oder Dicke und/oder Profil und/oder Form unterscheidet.5. Helmholtz resonator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the membrane (11) differs from the rest of the housing (8) by material and / or thickness and / or profile and / or shape.
6. Helmholtz-Resonator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (8) außerhalb der Membran (11 ) relativ steif ausgestaltet ist.6. Helmholtz resonator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the housing (8) outside of the membrane (11) is designed to be relatively stiff.
7. Helmholtz-Resonator nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (8) außerhalb der Membran (11 ) so steif ausgestaltet ist, das seine Resonanzfrequenz erster Ordnung mindestens zehn Mal größer ist als die Resonanzfrequenz des baugleichen Helmholtz-Resonators ohne solche Membran (11 ).7. Helmholtz resonator according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (8) outside the membrane (11) is designed so stiff that its first order resonant frequency at least ten times greater than the resonant frequency of the identical Helmholtz resonator without such membrane (11).
8. Helmholtz-Resonator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - dass der Helmholtz-Resonator (6) zumindest zwei Hälse (10, 10') aufweist, die sich durch ihren Querschnitt und/oder durch ihre Länge voneinander unterscheiden, derart, dass der membranlose Helmholtz-Resonator zumindest zwei Resonanzfrequenzen besitzt,8. Helmholtz resonator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Helmholtz resonator (6) has at least two necks (10, 10 ') which differ from one another by their cross section and / or their length, such that the membraneless Helmholtz resonator has at least two resonance frequencies,
- dass das Gehäuse (8) zumindest zwei Membranen (11 , 11 ') aufweist, die jeweils auf eine der unterschiedlichen Resonanzfrequenzen des membranlosen Helmholtz-Resonators abgestimmt sind.- That the housing (8) has at least two membranes (11, 11 ') which are each tuned to one of the different resonance frequencies of the membraneless Helmholtz resonator.
9. Gasführungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine (1 ), insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, zum Zuführungen von Frischluft oder zum Wegführen von Abgas, mit wenigstens einer Gas führenden Leitung (4, 5), an die wenigstens ein Helmholtz-Resonator (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 angeschlossen ist.9. Gas guidance system for an internal combustion engine (1), in particular of a motor vehicle, for supplying fresh air or for carrying away exhaust gas, with at least one gas-carrying line (4, 5) to the at least one Helmholtz resonator (6) according to one of the claims 1 to 8 is connected.
10. Schalldämpfer für eine Gasführungsanlage (2, 3), einer Brennkraftmaschine (1 ), insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, wobei die Gasführungsanlage (2) zum Zuführen von Frischluft oder zum Wegführen von Abgas dient, mit wenigstens einer Gas führenden Leitung (4, 5) an die wenigstens ein Helmholtz-Resonator (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 angeschlossen ist. 10. silencer for a gas guidance system (2, 3), an internal combustion engine (1), in particular a motor vehicle, wherein the gas guidance system (2) for supplying fresh air or for carrying away exhaust gas, with at least one gas-carrying line (4, 5) to which at least one Helmholtz resonator (6) according to one of claims 1 to 8 is connected.
EP08735476.7A 2007-03-28 2008-03-26 Helmholtz resonator Not-in-force EP2130201B1 (en)

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