EP2127025A1 - Reconfigurable radiant array antenna - Google Patents
Reconfigurable radiant array antennaInfo
- Publication number
- EP2127025A1 EP2127025A1 EP07858030A EP07858030A EP2127025A1 EP 2127025 A1 EP2127025 A1 EP 2127025A1 EP 07858030 A EP07858030 A EP 07858030A EP 07858030 A EP07858030 A EP 07858030A EP 2127025 A1 EP2127025 A1 EP 2127025A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- film
- radiating
- reconfigurable
- network antenna
- antenna according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
- H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device
- H01Q3/20—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of embedded network antennas, for example on satellites, reflector array antennas type (still commonly referred to as “reflectarray antennas”) or phased array antennas (or “Phased”).
- Array Antennas are embedded network antennas, for example on satellites, reflector array antennas type (still commonly referred to as “reflectarray antennas”) or phased array antennas (or “Phased”).
- the term "reflector array antenna” is understood to mean an antenna comprising radiating elements, also called phase-shifting cells, defining a reflective network and charged to intercept with minimal losses of the waves comprising signals to be transmitted, delivered by a primary source, in order to reflect them in a chosen direction, called the pointing direction.
- phase-shifting cell provides it with phase control devices.
- phase controls can be achieved by providing the radiating elements with controllable components (diodes, MEMS); this is called an active reflector network, or by modifying the physical form of the radiating element; we then speak of a passive reflector network.
- MEMS controllable components
- the active reflector network makes it possible to realize reconfigurable covers at the cost of a significant complexity, the passive reflector network is mainly attractive for its simple planar geometry.
- each reflector array consists of a set comprising a support with reflector patterns generally etched, a spacer and a ground plane, although the latter two elements are not not specific to the cover, the spacer may typically be a honeycomb structure.
- the solutions currently proposed consist in storing several reflector gratings in the form of panels constituted stacked and stacked on one another and then successively position them in flight in front of the source according to the needs of the cover.
- the present invention provides a device for storing the radiating networks in a compact volume and in particular for storing the substrates carrying the radiating patterns in means that can be easily deployed in space. It thus allows the implementation of a large number of radiating networks under a footprint and under a reduced mass compared to a concept using as many radiant networks constituted by rigid panels and the interchangeability in flight of the covers of an antenna. changing as needed the radiating network.
- the subject of the invention is a reconfigurable network antenna capable of delivering signals in the form of a wave comprising a set of radiating networks, each radiating network comprising a subset of patterns capable of reflecting or emitting the signals in a given direction and means for loading and placing said radiating networks to place one of them in a selected transmission position, characterized in that: the loading and placing means comprise a scrolling system of a first film comprising sub-sets of radiating patterns for selectively positioning a subset of radiating patterns.
- the reconfigurable network antenna comprises a source capable of delivering signals in the form of a wave, the loading and placement means making it possible to selectively position a subset of radiating patterns opposite the source. .
- the reconfigurable network antenna comprises a beam forming distributor supplying the radiating elements so as to constitute a direct radiation type antenna.
- the radiating patterns may be coupled to controllable phase control devices which may be of the diode or MEMS type.
- the scrolling system of the radiating pattern film comprises a first motorized drum and a second drum with a permanent return moment.
- the radiating networks further comprise a ground plane and a spacer.
- the scrolling system further comprises spacing rollers, fixed on a ground plane and permitting the scrolling of the patterning film radiating at a fixed distance from said ground plane so as to impose a space between said film and said ground plane.
- the film is thus storable by winding. It is then sufficient to position it by unwinding in front of a single ground plane so that it is operational, allowing to put in relation to the source a selected radiating network.
- the film is positioned on a support whose distance to the carrier film of the radiating patterns can be adjusted.
- the first film comprises, on one and the same face, first constituent parts of the radiating patterns and second constituent parts of the ground plans.
- An adequate unwinding operation makes it possible to match a first film portion and a second portion so as to constitute the following assembly: radiating patterns / spacer constituted by the air / a ground plane.
- the first film has on one of its faces, the radiating patterns and on the other side the ground plane.
- the antenna comprises: a motorized drum, an armature and means for deploying said film on the surface of the armature.
- the deployment means comprise a reel of the film, and a cable for pulling the film from the reel, said cable being driven by a drum.
- the deployment means comprise pulleys for scrolling said film.
- the reconfigurable network antenna further comprises means for scrolling a second film.
- the antenna further comprises an armature having a first face and a second face and deployment means of the first film on said first face and the second film on said second face so as to position against a selected area of said first film and a selected area of said second film.
- the deployment means of said films comprise a first reel of the first film, a second reel of the second film and two cables for drawing said films, said cables being driven by a drum.
- the deployment means comprise pulleys for scrolling said films.
- the antenna comprises a sensor for reading position information etched on an edge of the first and / or second film.
- the reconfigurable network antenna comprises a set of armatures for deploying in parallel and in the same plane, several films comprising subsets of radiating patterns for selectively positioning a subset of patterns. radiating opposite the source.
- FIG. 2a illustrates a view from above of a second antenna variant according to the invention in which the first film also carries a ground plane
- FIG. 2b illustrates a sectional view of the second variant of the invention
- FIG. 3a illustrates a view from above and in perspective of a third antenna variant according to the invention in which two unwrapping films are used
- Figure 3b illustrates a sectional view of the third variant of the invention
- FIG. 4a illustrates a view from above of an antenna variant according to the invention comprising several armatures for deploying an array of reflector gratings
- Figure 4b illustrates a sectional view of the variant illustrated in Figure 4a
- FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth antenna variant according to the invention in which the antenna operates in direct radiation network mode
- the reconfigurable reflector array antenna of the invention can be embedded on a geostationary telecommunication satellite in Ku-band (12 to 18 GHz). But, the invention is not limited to this application. It concerns in fact radar antennas embedded on satellites, flying possibly in formation, or on airplanes or spacecraft, such as shuttles. Thus, the invention is well suited to SAR antennas [synthetic aperture radar, C-band (4 to 8 GHz) or X-band (8 to 12 GHz)].
- the array antenna is a reflector array antenna and comprises a support structure SS capable of being secured.
- a support structure SS capable of being secured.
- a primary source S responsible for delivering at a selected solid principal direction DPS angle, called the pointing direction of the source, waves comprising signals to be transmitted.
- the source is for example made in the form of a horn, the radiating elements are reflective elements capable of reflecting the waves comprising the signals to be transmitted.
- the antenna also comprises a system for deploying a film F 1 carrying different subsets reflective patterns constituting the reflector networks, with respect to a fixed ground plane by maintaining a spacer between said reflector gratings and the ground plane.
- the solution is to arrange the networks each comprising a set of reflective patterns, one after the other on a thin film. More precisely, the film is wound on two drums Ti and T 2 . By the rotation of the drums, the film passes in front of a mass plane PM from which it is separated by a constant distance maintained by two spacer rollers Te 1 and re 2 positioned with respect to the ground plane.
- the space E (in this case the space) between the film and the ground plane replaces the spacer of the reflector network.
- the film is held flat under a tension force generated by a moment acting continuously on the drum T 1 or it is wound. This moment can be generated by a torsional spring located inside the drum or any other device. Variations thermo-elastic type are thus compensated permanently which allows a maintenance of the flatness of the substrate.
- the change of the subset of reflective patterns is obtained by winding the film on the drum T 2 until the desired pattern is positioned in front of the ground plane and in front of the source.
- a motorization on the drum T 2 associated with a position sensor allows the positioning and its control.
- These functions can be obtained by a stepper motor and a gearbox for example gearing, located in the drum T 2 associated with a sensor reading position information etched on an edge of the film or any other device for these functions.
- the film scrolls in one direction or the other and is kept wound on the two drums by the action of the permanent moment acting on the drum Ti.
- the movements of the reel and the drum can also be obtained by a common motor (gear drive toothed pulley for example), in this case a torsion spring must make the connection between the outer portion of the reel and its axis to ensure the permanent moment whatever the state of winding of the film.
- each reflector array comprises a plurality of phase-shifting cells capable of imposing a phase shift with the waves (delivered by the source) with a selected frequency phase dispersion, in order to reflect them in a chosen direction.
- the chosen phase shift and / or phase dispersion in frequency chosen varies (s) from a reflector network RRi to another, so that the coverage area (or “spot") of the beam of the antenna, and / or the shape of this zone, vary according to the selected RRi reflector network.
- the moving assembly must be immobilized by a known type of stacking device.
- the low mass and low bulk of the carrier film reflector patterns wound on the drums provides an antenna with a large number of covers in a compact package.
- the ground plane is unique for all covers which avoids accumulated carriage and the spacer is replaced by vacuum which favors the RF performance of the reflector array antenna.
- the first film may carry the ground plane and the antenna may advantageously comprise a single motorized drum associated with the antenna.
- Figures 2a and 2b schematically illustrate this configuration example.
- FIG. 2a illustrates a view from above of the armature Ar comprising a set of pulleys Pou-1, Pou 2 , Pou 3 , on which, thanks to a cable Ci , a single film carrying the array of reflectors / spacer / plane of mass Fi + PM is deployed from a wire feeder Di.
- FIG. 2b illustrates a cross-sectional view showing the scrolling system of the film comprising on its so-called upper face the reflector patterns and on its lower face the ground plane on the armature.
- the film from the reel Di is pulled via the cable Ci by the motorized drum T 3 , the cable and the film thus being driven above the pulleys.
- the antenna comprises both a first film Fi comprising the subsets of reflective patterns stored on a first reel D 1 and a second film F 2 constituting the ground plane stored on a second reel D 2 .
- FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate this variant in which a single drum T 3 can advantageously be used to deploy the two films simultaneously with a simple motorization associated with a set of two cables Ci and C 2 and with three pulleys Pou-i, Pou 2 , Pou 3 .
- FIG. 4a shows a top view of an antenna according to the invention on board a Sat satellite and shown in the deployed position, highlighting three armatures Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 , coupled to three reels Dn, D 12 , D 13 , the reflector gratings being on unfolded films F 11 , F 12 , F1 3 .
- the frames are deployed from a stacking element G, the position of the source S being adjustable to be incident on a selected reflector panel.
- FIG. 4b illustrates this same antenna seen in section and highlighting the armature Ar 2 .
- the films consist of a dielectric material which may or may not be reinforced and which supports metal etchings or in a material which reflects electromagnetic waves of thin thickness.
- these materials are for example of the ARLON, KAPTON, ROGERS or CUCLAD type consisting of a film with a thin thickness of 50 or 127 micrometers.
- the flexibility of these films makes it possible to obtain, in association with the voltage-maintaining devices, the required planieties which are for example of the order of 200 micrometers RMS for a Ku-band reflector network of 1 mx 1 m. It becomes possible to embark according to the invention a dozen sets of reflector patterns having a surface of the order of one square meter.
- the invention has previously been described in the case of a reflector array antenna but is equally applicable to antennas of the direct radiation network type.
- the distribution of the signal to the radiating elements is no longer done using an illumination source. It is done using a beamforming splitter (also called Beam Forming Network) with access input and as many access outputs as elements Radiant.
- the distribution network is preferably waveguide type, to reduce distribution losses. In the case where the radiating elements are small, it may be judicious to adopt a hybrid approach for the distribution network, combining a waveguide type technology for long-distance routing, and a planar technology to proximity of the radiating elements to benefit from its compactness.
- the radiating elements are planar technology type. They include a ground plane, an excitation mode (opening in the ground plane, coupling power supply, probe supply), and one or more planar patterns (patches, see grid type etching).
- the radiating elements are potentially equipped with lateral cavities, which increases the decoupling between radiating elements and can help in their development.
- the reconfiguration of the diagram is effected by modifying the phase of the signal radiated by the radiating elements. The way to proceed may be to change the form. However, it is also necessary to adapt the radiating element to the output access of the training network. Also, to simultaneously ensure the adaptation and the ability to phase out, it is advantageous to provide the radiating element with two levels of radiating patterns. By doing this, the bandwidth of the antenna is also increased.
- FIG. 5 illustrates such a configuration highlighting two films F 1 and Fr carrying reflector patterns.
- the desired spacings are calibrated by means of spacer rollers rei, rer, re 2, re 2 * positioned relative to a support.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0655975A FR2911011B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2006-12-27 | RECONFIGURABLE RADIANT ARRAY ANTENNA |
PCT/EP2007/064414 WO2008080894A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-21 | Reconfigurable radiant array antenna |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2127025A1 true EP2127025A1 (en) | 2009-12-02 |
EP2127025B1 EP2127025B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
Family
ID=38442519
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07858030A Active EP2127025B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-21 | Reconfigurable radiant array antenna |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8085212B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2127025B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4918694B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101573834A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE471580T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2674132C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007007248D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2345170T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2911011B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2406189C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008080894A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2936906B1 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2011-11-25 | Thales Sa | OPTIMIZED ARRANGEMENT REFLECTOR NETWORK AND ANTENNA HAVING SUCH A REFLECTIVE NETWORK |
CN102117971B (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2013-09-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low-scattering plane-reflective array antenna |
FR2971094B1 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2013-10-25 | Centre Nat Etd Spatiales | MULTI-REFERENCE ANTENNA DEVICE |
RU2458435C1 (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2012-08-10 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли | Drive of slotted guide antenna rotation |
RU2474019C1 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-27 | Открытое акционерное общество Центральное конструкторское бюро аппаратостроения | Phased antenna array with electronic scanning in one plane |
US20150091765A1 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-02 | Google Inc. | Electrical-mechanical interface with antenna elevated above skin surface |
WO2015059132A2 (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-04-30 | Sony Corporation | Security system, method and device |
DE102016219737A1 (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-12 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | antenna device |
US11169240B1 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2021-11-09 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Systems and methods for determining an angle of arrival of a signal at a planar array antenna |
US11327142B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2022-05-10 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Systems and methods for locating and tracking radio frequency transmitters |
US11258182B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2022-02-22 | Metawave Corporation | Meta-structure based reflectarrays for enhanced wireless applications |
WO2021199503A1 (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-07 | Agc株式会社 | Electromagnetic wave reflection device, electromagnetic wave reflection fence, and electromagnetic wave reflection device assembly method |
US10910713B1 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-02-02 | The Florida International University Board Of Trustees | Reconfigurable rotational reflectarrays |
RU2756707C1 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-10-04 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ОКБ "Эланор" | Decameter antenna with smooth mechanical adjustment of size of emitter inside radiotransparent mast |
Family Cites Families (12)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US3040310A (en) * | 1951-07-23 | 1962-06-19 | Gen Electric | Radar tracking and antenna systems |
FR2655453A1 (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-06-07 | Omarouayache Nour Eddine | Device for motorway remote toll stations allowing much faster flow of vehicles by virtue of a mobile site for receiving coded signals |
JPH0884015A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-03-26 | Toshiba Corp | Antenna |
US6023247A (en) * | 1997-02-19 | 2000-02-08 | Winegard Company | Satellite dish antenna stabilizer platform |
JP3987211B2 (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2007-10-03 | 富士通テン株式会社 | Mobile satellite broadcasting receiver |
JP2001088799A (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-04-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Flat surface developing space structure |
JP2002043817A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-08 | Green Parts Kk | Planar antenna and its attachment |
US6661388B2 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-12-09 | The Boeing Company | Four element array of cassegrain reflector antennas |
IL154525A (en) * | 2003-02-18 | 2011-07-31 | Starling Advanced Comm Ltd | Low profile antenna for satellite communication |
US7145515B1 (en) * | 2004-01-02 | 2006-12-05 | Duk-Yong Kim | Antenna beam controlling system for cellular communication |
FR2874749B1 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2006-11-24 | Cit Alcatel | REFLECTIVE NETWORK ANTENNA WITH RECONFIGURABLE SHAPE COVER AREA WITH OR WITHOUT CHARGER |
KR100656785B1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-12-12 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Multi-Satellite Connecting Antenna System |
-
2006
- 2006-12-27 FR FR0655975A patent/FR2911011B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 CN CNA2007800482888A patent/CN101573834A/en active Pending
- 2007-12-21 DE DE602007007248T patent/DE602007007248D1/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 US US12/521,183 patent/US8085212B2/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 EP EP07858030A patent/EP2127025B1/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 AT AT07858030T patent/ATE471580T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-21 JP JP2009543455A patent/JP4918694B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-21 WO PCT/EP2007/064414 patent/WO2008080894A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-12-21 ES ES07858030T patent/ES2345170T3/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 CA CA2674132A patent/CA2674132C/en active Active
- 2007-12-21 RU RU2009128661/07A patent/RU2406189C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008080894A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008080894A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
JP2010515322A (en) | 2010-05-06 |
CN101573834A (en) | 2009-11-04 |
US8085212B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
ES2345170T3 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
CA2674132A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
CA2674132C (en) | 2012-07-17 |
EP2127025B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
ATE471580T1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
DE602007007248D1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
FR2911011A1 (en) | 2008-07-04 |
US20100097290A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
FR2911011B1 (en) | 2010-08-27 |
RU2406189C1 (en) | 2010-12-10 |
JP4918694B2 (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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