EP2123865B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Injektion einer Betriebsflüssigkeit und Anlage zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für die Steuervorrichtung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Injektion einer Betriebsflüssigkeit und Anlage zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für die Steuervorrichtung Download PDF

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EP2123865B1
EP2123865B1 EP08425366.5A EP08425366A EP2123865B1 EP 2123865 B1 EP2123865 B1 EP 2123865B1 EP 08425366 A EP08425366 A EP 08425366A EP 2123865 B1 EP2123865 B1 EP 2123865B1
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fluid
operating fluid
evolving
flowrate
plant
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French (fr)
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EP2123865A3 (de
EP2123865A9 (de
EP2123865A2 (de
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Fabrizio Ghinetti
Federica Perpiglia
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Ansaldo Energia SpA
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Ansaldo Energia SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/025—Devices and methods for diminishing corrosion, e.g. by preventing cooling beneath the dew point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/106—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with water evaporated or preheated at different pressures in exhaust boiler

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for controlling the injection of an operating fluid in an evolving fluid of a plant for the production of electrical energy and to a plant for the production of electrical energy comprising said control device.
  • the present invention relates to a device and to a method for controlling the injection of an operating fluid in an evolving fluid of a combined-cycle electrical energy production plant.
  • Energy-production plants and in particular combined-cycle energy-production plants, usually comprise a device for controlling the injection of an operating fluid into the fluid evolving in the plant.
  • the evolving fluid is initially water, then vapour, and finally condensate.
  • the operating fluid is injected into the evolving fluid in different portions of the plant in order to protect from electrochemical corrosion and from the deposition of encrusting salts the circuit of the plant within which the evolving fluid flows.
  • Known devices for controlling the injection of the operating fluid substantially comprise means for calculation of a flowrate of operating fluid to be injected, and means for driving at least one pump for injection of the operating fluid on the basis of the flowrate of operating fluid calculated.
  • the calculation means are configured for calculating the flowrate of operating fluid to be injected on the basis of the difference between a value of a detected parameter of the evolving fluid modified by the operating fluid and a reference value set beforehand.
  • Said control devices generally use a PID (proportional integral derivative) control mode, which requires identification of appropriate control constants.
  • PID proportional integral derivative
  • control constants are particularly problematical, in so far as it is very difficult to identify control constants such as to determine a control of the injection that is precise, stable, and fast.
  • the choice of the control constants has repercussions on the stability of the control of the injection above all in emergency situations, such as, for example, pollution of the condensate, where it is necessary to intervene rapidly maintaining the stability of the control.
  • An aim of the present invention is to provide a device for controlling the injection of an operating fluid that is free from the drawbacks highlighted of the known art.
  • an aim of the invention is to provide a device for controlling the injection of an operating fluid that is reliable and simple to use.
  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling the injection of at least one operating fluid in an evolving fluid of a plant for the production of electrical energy according to claim 1.
  • the present invention moreover relates to a method for controlling the injection of at least one operating fluid in an evolving fluid of a plant for the production of electrical energy.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the injection of at least one operating fluid in an evolving fluid of a plant for the production of electrical energy according to claim 6.
  • the present invention moreover relates to a plant for the production of electrical energy.
  • the present invention relates to an electrical energy production plant according to claim 7.
  • the plant 1 is a plant for the combined-cycle production of electrical energy and comprises a gas-turbine unit 2, a steam-turbine unit 3, two alternators 5, 6, respectively coupled to the gas-turbine unit 2 and to the steam-turbine unit 3 and connected to a distribution network (not illustrated), a steam generator 7, a condenser 8, an assembly for injection of a first operating fluid 10, an assembly for injection of a second operating fluid 11, and an operating fluid injection control device 12.
  • the plant comprises a gas-turbine unit, a steam-turbine unit, and an alternator all set on one and the same axis.
  • the exhaust fumes of the gas-turbine unit 2 are channelled along a duct 13 and provide a source of heat for the steam generator 7.
  • the steam generator 7 comprises a high-pressure element 14, a medium-pressure element 15 and a low-pressure element 16, each of which comprises an economizer 17, a cylindrical body ("drum") 18, an evaporator 19 and a super-heater 20, operation of which is known and will not be discussed in detail.
  • the economizers 17 of the high-pressure element 14 and of the medium-pressure element 15 receive water from the low-pressure drum 18 by means of a supply pump 21, whilst the economizer 17 of the low-pressure element 16 receives water from a collection tank of the condenser 8, by means of an extraction pump 22.
  • the steam-turbine unit 3 comprises a high-pressure section 24, a medium-pressure section 25, and a low-pressure section 26 circulating within which is steam coming, respectively, from the high-pressure element 14, the medium-pressure element 15, and the low-pressure element 16.
  • the steam turbine comprises the high-pressure section and a medium-low-pressure section.
  • an evolving fluid flows, which is initially water supplied by the pump 21, becomes vapour (steam) within the steam generator 7, and is transformed into condensate after the expansion in the low-pressure section 26 of the steam-turbine unit 3.
  • the injection assembly 10 of the first operating fluid comprises a tank 28 containing the first operating fluid, and an injection pump 32 for injecting the first operating fluid.
  • the injection pump 32 injects the first operating fluid into the evolving fluid upstream of the supply pump 21 under the control of the control device 12 as will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • the evolving fluid in this situation, is water coming from the low-pressure drum 18.
  • the first operating fluid comprises a de-oxygenating fluid diluted in water, for example, an amine-based de-oxygenating organic fluid.
  • the de-oxygenating fluid has a given concentration of active principle, commonly referred to as de-oxygenating power P deox .
  • the assembly 11 for injection of the second operating fluid comprises a tank 35 containing the second operating fluid, and an injection pump 36 for injection of the second operating fluid.
  • the injection pump 36 injects the second operating fluid into the evolving fluid downstream of the pump 22 for extraction of the condensate under the control of the control device 12 as will be described in greater detail hereinafter.
  • the evolving fluid in this situation, is condensate coming from the condenser 8.
  • the second operating fluid comprises an alkalinizing fluid diluted in water, for example an amine-based or ammoniac-based alkalinizing fluid, to maintain the pH of the evolving fluid in the limits set by the standards.
  • an alkalinizing fluid diluted in water for example an amine-based or ammoniac-based alkalinizing fluid, to maintain the pH of the evolving fluid in the limits set by the standards.
  • the alkalinizing fluid has a given concentration of alkalinizing agent C flop .
  • the control device 12 comprises a calculation module 38 for calculating the flowrates Q 1 , Q 2 of operating fluid to be injected into the fluid evolving in the plant 1 and a driving module 39 for driving the injection pumps 32 and 36 on the basis of the calculated flowrates Q 1 , Q 2 of operating fluid.
  • the calculation module 38 is configured for calculating the flowrate Q 1 of the first operating fluid to be injected into the evolving fluid upstream of the supply pump 21 on the basis of a detected parameter of the evolving fluid modified by the first operating fluid.
  • the detected parameter of the evolving fluid modified by the first operating fluid is the concentration of oxygen C 1 in the evolving fluid detected in the portion of plant 1 into which the operating fluid is injected, in particular upstream of the supply pump 32.
  • the calculation module 38 is configured for calculating the flowrate Q 1 of the first operating fluid to be injected according to a first mode when the concentration of oxygen C 1 is lower than a given threshold value C TS and according to a second mode when the concentration of oxygen C 1 is higher than said threshold value C TS .
  • the threshold value C TS of the detected parameter of the evolving fluid modified by the first operating fluid defines the type of treatment that it is intended to adopt.
  • the threshold value C TS is comprised between 4 and 6 ppb, preferably 5 ppb.
  • the threshold value C TS is comprised between 19 and 20 ppb, preferably 20 ppb.
  • the calculation module 38 calculates the flowrate Q 1 according to a formula independent of the concentration of oxygen C 1 in the first mode, whilst in the second mode adds to the independent term calculated in the first mode, a term depending upon the concentrations of oxygen C 1 .
  • the calculation module 38 determines a zero value of the flowrate Q 1 in the first mode. In the second mode, i.e., only when the value of the concentration C 1 is higher than the threshold value C TS , the calculation module 38 calculates the flowrate Q 1 in accordance with Eq. (2) indicated above.
  • the calculation module 38 is moreover configured for calculating the flowrate Q 2 of second operating fluid to be supplied downstream of the pump 22 for intake of the condensate on the basis of a detected parameter of the evolving fluid modified by the second operating fluid.
  • said parameter is the pH of the evolving fluid detected in a portion of the plant in which the operating fluid is injected, in particular downstream of the suction pump 22.
  • the calculation module 38 is configured for calculating the flowrate Q 2 of the second operating fluid to be injected according to a first mode when the pH of the evolving fluid downstream of the suction pump 22 is lower than a given threshold value pH TS and a second mode when the pH of the evolving fluid downstream of the suction pump 22 is higher than said threshold value pH TS .
  • the threshold value pH TS is comprised between 9 and 10, in particular the threshold value pH TS is preferably 9.55 in the case where an amine-based operating fluid is used, whilst it is preferably 9.85 in the case where an ammoniac-based operating fluid will be used.
  • the calculation module 38 calculates the flowrate Q 2 according to a formula depending upon the pH detected, whilst in the second mode the calculation module 38 calculates a zero flowrate Q 2 .
  • the driving module 39 on the basis of the flowrates Q 1 , Q 2 of operating fluids calculated by the calculation module 38, sends to the injection pumps 32 and 36 respective driving signals Sp 1 Sp 2 designed to drive the stroke of the pump in such a way as to determine an injection of a flowrate of operating fluid equal to the flowrate calculated by the calculation module 38.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Steuern des Einspritzens wenigstens eines Arbeitsfluids in ein sich entwickelndes Fluid einer Anlage (1) für die Erzeugung elektrischer Energie, die umfasst:
    Berechnungsmittel (38) zum Berechnen wenigstens einer Durchflussmenge (Q2) des in das sich entwickelnde Fluid einzuspritzenden Arbeitsfluids anhand eines detektierten Parameters (pH) des sich entwickelnden Fluids, der durch das Arbeitsfluid modifiziert wird;
    wobei die Berechnungsmittel (38) konfiguriert sind, die Durchflussmenge (Q2) von einzuspritzendem Arbeitsfluid in Übereinstimmung mit einem ersten Modus zu berechnen, wenn der detektierte Parameter (pH) niedriger als ein gegebener Schwellenwert (pHTS) ist, und in Übereinstimmung mit einem zweiten Modus zu berechnen, wenn der detektierte Parameter (pH) höher als der Schwellenwert (pHTS) ist;
    wobei das Arbeitsfluid ein alkalisierendes Fluid enthält; der detektierte Parameter des sich entwickelnden Fluids, der durch das Arbeitsfluid modifiziert wird, der pH-Wert ist; die Berechnungsmittel (38) in dem ersten Modus konfiguriert sind, eine Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid als eine Funktion des detektierten pH zu berechnen;
    wobei die Vorrichtung (12) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Berechnungsmittel (38) im ersten Modus konfiguriert sind, eine Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid folgendermaßen zu berechnen: Q 2 = PM ⋅ Q flev ⁢ 2 ⁢ 10 pH TS - 14 - 10 - 14 10 - pH C flop ⋅ D flop
    Figure imgb0006
    wobei:
    PM das Molekulargewicht des alkalisierenden Wirkstoffs, der in dem Arbeitsfluid enthalten ist, ist;
    Qflev2 die Durchflussmenge des sich entwickelnden Fluids in dem Abschnitt einer Anlage, in den das Arbeitsfluid eingespritzt wird, ist;
    Cflop die Konzentration des alkalisierenden Wirkstoffs in dem alkalisierenden Fluid ist;
    Dflop die Verdünnung in Wasser des alkalisierenden Fluids ist;
    pH der Wert des detektierten pH in dem Abschnitt der Anlage, in den das Arbeitsfluid eingespritzt wird, ist; und
    pHTS der Schwellenwert des detektierten pH-Parameters ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Antriebsmittel (39) umfasst, um wenigstens eine Arbeitsfluid-Einspritzpumpe (36) anhand der berechneten Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid anzutreiben.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das sich entwickelnde Fluid, in das das Arbeitsfluid eingespritzt wird, kondensierter Dampf ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwellenwert (pHTS) im Bereich von 9 bis 10 liegt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem zweiten Modus die Berechnungsmittel (38) konfiguriert sind, eine Null-Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid zu berechnen.
  6. Verfahren zum Steuern des Einspritzens wenigstens eines Arbeitsfluids in ein sich entwickelndes Fluid einer Anlage (1) für die Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie, das den Schritt des Berechnens wenigstens einer Durchflussmenge (Q2) eines in das sich entwickelnde Fluid einzuspritzenden Arbeitsfluids anhand eines detektierten Parameters (pH) des sich entwickelnden Fluids, der durch das Arbeitsfluid modifiziert wird, umfasst; wobei die Durchflussmenge (Q2) von einzuspritzendem Arbeitsfluid in Übereinstimmung gemäß einem ersten Modus berechnet wird, wenn der detektierte Parameter (pH) niedriger als ein gegebener Schwellenwert (pHTS) ist, und gemäß einem zweiten Modus berechnet wird, wenn der detektierte Parameter (pH) höher als der Schwellenwert (pHTS) ist; das Arbeitsfluid ein alkalisierendes Fluid enthält; der detektierte Parameter des sich entwickelnden Fluids, der durch das Arbeitsfluid modifiziert wird, der pH ist; die Berechnungsmittel (38) im ersten Modus konfiguriert sind, um eine Durchflussmenge (Q2) des Arbeitsfluids als eine Funktion des detektierten pH zu berechnen;
    das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass im ersten Modus der Schritt des Berechnens wenigstens einer Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid das Berechnen der Durchflussmenge (Q2) von Arbeitsfluid auf die folgende Weise umfasst: Q 2 = PM ⋅ Q flev ⁢ 2 ⁢ 10 pH TS - 14 - 10 - 14 10 - pH C flop ⋅ D flop
    Figure imgb0007
    wobei:
    PM das Molekulargewicht des alkalisierenden Wirkstoffs, der in dem Arbeitsfluid enthalten ist, ist;
    Qflev2 die Durchflussmenge des sich entwickelnden Fluids in dem Abschnitt einer Anlage, in den das Arbeitsfluid eingespritzt wird, ist;
    Cflop die Konzentration des alkalisierenden Wirkstoffs in dem alkalisierenden Fluid ist;
    Dflop die Verdünnung in Wasser des alkalisierenden Fluids ist;
    pH der Wert des detektierten pH in dem Abschnitt der Anlage, in den das Arbeitsfluid eingespritzt wird, ist; und
    pHTS der Schwellenwert des detektierten pH-Parameters ist.
  7. Anlage für die Erzeugung elektrischer Energie, die wenigstens eine Dampfturbineneinheit (3) umfasst, in der ein sich entwickelndes Fluid strömt; wobei die Anlage (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie eine Vorrichtung zum Steuern (12) des Einspritzens wenigstens eines Arbeitsfluids in das sich entwickelnde Fluid nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst.
EP08425366.5A 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Injektion einer Betriebsflüssigkeit und Anlage zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für die Steuervorrichtung Active EP2123865B1 (de)

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EP08425366.5A EP2123865B1 (de) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Injektion einer Betriebsflüssigkeit und Anlage zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für die Steuervorrichtung
PL08425366T PL2123865T3 (pl) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Urządzenie i sposób do sterowania wstrzykiwaniem płynu roboczego oraz instalacja do produkcji energii elektrycznej zawierająca wspomniane urządzenie sterujące

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EP08425366.5A EP2123865B1 (de) 2008-05-22 2008-05-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung der Injektion einer Betriebsflüssigkeit und Anlage zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie für die Steuervorrichtung

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EP2123865B1 true EP2123865B1 (de) 2013-11-06

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EP3112750A4 (de) * 2014-02-28 2018-04-04 Kurita Water Industries Ltd. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung des einfüllens einer chemikalie in einen kessel

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DE19544224B4 (de) * 1995-11-28 2004-10-14 Alstom Chemische Fahrweise eines Wasser/Dampf-Kreislaufes
DE19736885A1 (de) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-04 Siemens Ag Dampferzeuger, insbesondere Abhitzedampferzeuger und Verfahren zum Betrieb dieses Dampferzeugers
DE102008023263A1 (de) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Hitachi Power Europe Gmbh Chemische Wasser-/Dampfkreislaufkonditionierung

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PL2123865T3 (pl) 2014-04-30
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EP2123865A2 (de) 2009-11-25

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