EP2122261B1 - Chaudière pour système de chauffage, en particulier pour une utilisation domestique - Google Patents

Chaudière pour système de chauffage, en particulier pour une utilisation domestique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2122261B1
EP2122261B1 EP08709798A EP08709798A EP2122261B1 EP 2122261 B1 EP2122261 B1 EP 2122261B1 EP 08709798 A EP08709798 A EP 08709798A EP 08709798 A EP08709798 A EP 08709798A EP 2122261 B1 EP2122261 B1 EP 2122261B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strategy
boiler
temperature
thermoregulation
control unit
Prior art date
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EP08709798A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2122261A2 (fr
Inventor
Flavio Chiavetti
Alessandro Zampetti
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Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Ariston SpA
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Merloni Termosanitari SpA
Ariston Thermo SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2035—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/176—Improving or maintaining comfort of users
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/254—Room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/258—Outdoor temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/281—Input from user
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
    • F24H15/429—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data for selecting operation modes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/48—Learning / Adaptive control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/12—Measuring temperature room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/13—Measuring temperature outdoor temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/04—Heating water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating system gas boiler, particularly for domestic use, of the type intended to supply hot water to radiators or similar heating devices in a heating system.
  • Systems of this type comprise a heat generator, typically composed of a gas boiler, connected to a water circuit along which heating devices are foreseen, installed in the various rooms of the home, such as wall-mounted radiators or under-floor heat exchangers.
  • the boiler is intended to heat the water and activate the circulation through the heating devices, through which the heat from the water is transferred into the room.
  • the water is heated to a working temperature by a gas burner combined with a heat exchanger connected to the aforesaid circuit, and a control system on the boiler that performs the start-up for burner and water circulation pump.
  • the boiler can also be possibly conceived to vary the water flow to be sent to the heating circuit. In the more simple solutions the boiler operation control is a standard ON/OFF switch type.
  • the water is heated to a temperature level programmed by the user on the boiler control panel using a switch for this purpose, and the correct temperature is detected by a sensor inside the boiler. Successively, when the water temperature drops below the set temperature, the burner is started up again.
  • the temperature of the room heated by the system needs to be increased or reduced, the variations in the water temperature level, must be regulated manually using a switch-on the control panel.
  • the boiler can be equipped with external sensors, conceived to supply the boiler control system with room temperature and climatic information.
  • the sensors are composed of ON/OFF type thermostats, installed in a relevant room inside the home.
  • the water will be heated by the boiler and circulated in the system until the room temperature programmed on the thermostat by the user has been reached.
  • Boiler start-up times are determined by the combination of the level set on the thermostat and the level of the water temperature set on the control panel. Any variations in the room temperature can be regulated manually by using the thermostat. Careful adjustment regulation of the boiler aimed at ensuring adequate comfort without wasting energy also requires accurate regulating of the water temperature level.
  • thermostats Programmable room thermostats, or chronothermostats also exist, where the room temperature can be set at two different levels for the same daily period, typically at "normal” rate and at “reduced” rate, for example the latter being programmed for periods when the house if not occupied or during the night.
  • document US 5 779 143 describes a control unit operating an oil or gas fired boiler to maintain boiler water temperature at a selected value and to allow for zoned heating operation, controlling selectively the flow of heated water to each individual heating zone through the room thermostats and zone valves.
  • control unit includes, at least, a priority terminal which can be connected to a priority heating zone (to which divert exclusively the flow of heated water upon receiving a demand for heat), a terminal for connection of an outdoor air sensor (to relate the boiler water temperature to the outside air temperature), a terminal for connection of a hot water sensor which is also connected to a safety terminal (providing a safety switch should the water in the boiler exceed an upper limit) and further a connection for a low water cut-off probe that interrupts the power of the control unit should the amount of water heated by the boiler fall below a minimum value.
  • a priority terminal which can be connected to a priority heating zone (to which divert exclusively the flow of heated water upon receiving a demand for heat)
  • a terminal for connection of an outdoor air sensor to relate the boiler water temperature to the outside air temperature
  • a terminal for connection of a hot water sensor which is also connected to a safety terminal (providing a safety switch should the water in the boiler exceed an upper limit) and further a connection for a low water cut-off probe
  • thermoregulation programmes to achieve maximum comfort and to maintain the desired water temperature are memorized.
  • inputs to the controller are supplied from an outdoor temperature sensor and counterparts on the hot water storage and inlet and return pipes of said domestic heating installation so as to provide control signals for its circulation pump and for its gaseous fuel supply valve.
  • document FR 2 723 176 discloses a controller (and respective method) for a heating equipment including, at least, sensors for measurement of variables and actuators acting on detected and preset conditions.
  • thermoregulation Learning the operating functions of a boiler equipped with sophisticated thermoregulation and the relative methods for correct programming is often complicated, to the point that the end user is often not able to take full advantage of the performance and benefits that the product is able to provide, both in terms of user comfort and in energy saving.
  • the general aim of the invention is to provide a boiler able to supply users with a system that has good comfort level and is easier to operate, while reducing energy consumption at the same time, but without a great cost increase in relation to existing boilers.
  • Another aim of the invention is to provide a boiler that is easy to operate for the end user, but able to supply high performance level as regards thermoregulation precision and efficiency.
  • Yet another aim of the invention is to provide a boiler of the type described whose performance and operating functions can be increased successively by installing external sensor devices at a later date.
  • the boiler according to the invention is equipped with an automatic thermoregulation function that provides for the operation of between one and several possible thermoregulation strategies directed at optimising boiler function, performance, and consumption according to the availability or not of room and/or climatic information.
  • the boiler is designed to be connected to one or more external sensor devices, while being able to maintain its capacity to operate in intelligent mode even when said external sensor devices are not present.
  • the boiler control system selects one of the possible thermoregulation strategies, in an independent manner, according to the potential presence of and type of the connected external device/s.
  • the boiler control system is equipped to recognise in an independent manner the potential presence of and type of the connected external sensor device/s.
  • the automatic thermoregulation function can be activated and deactivated using a switch to provide the user with the possibility of programming the boiler function manually.
  • numeral 1 refers to a standard domestic house, in which is installed a heating system that includes a boiler according to the invention.
  • the boiler identified throughout by the numeral 10, is connected to the delivery 2 and return 3 branches of a heating system circuit, along which are foreseen heating devices 4, which in this case are supposedly wall mounted radiators.
  • house 1 is composed of a single room identified by numeral 5 in which the radiators 4 are installed.
  • the boiler 10 comprises all the known elements required to perform the operations traditionally foreseen, also according to prior art, and therefore the general composition and structure will not be described herein.
  • the object of the invention is in fact, a specific configuration of the control system of the boiler 10, arranged to permit the particular operations of automatic thermoregulation to be performed.
  • the boiler 10 is composed of a casing 11, inside which are housed heating means for the water which must be delivered to flow in the circuit 2-4.
  • These heating means are of a conventional type and can be represented by a heat exchanger 12, for example, near a central zone installed with a gas burner 13.
  • An outlet 12a and an inlet 12b of the exchanger 12 are intended to be connected to the delivery 2 and return 3 branches of the heating circuit, respectively.
  • the outlet 12a and the inlet 12b can be possibly connected to respective manifolds that act as headers for the branches of several separate heating circuits, each section able to heat different rooms in the same home, or several homes in the same building.
  • the boiler 10 comprises a water pump 14 that in the non limiting example shown in figure 2 , operates near the outlet 12a.
  • the numeral 15 identifies a sensor destined to detect the temperature of the water delivered from the exchanger 12.
  • the boiler 10 can also be equipped with a sensor 16 if necessary, to detect the temperature of the water that, after having passed through the circuit 2-4 returns to the exchanger 12.
  • the boiler 10 also comprises an electronic control system identified throughout by the numeral 15 in figure 1 .
  • the control system comprises a microprocessor unit 20 that includes, or to which are operationally connected, non volatile memory means such as ROM and/or EPROM and/or EEPROM or Flash, for example, identified by numeral 21.
  • the control system also comprises a control panel 22 equipped with display means 22a (such as an LCD display for example) and programming means, including at least a switching device 22b, to program the setting of the required temperature of the water when it leaves the boiler 10, at least when the boiler is operating in what we will define here as "normal" or standard conditions.
  • the temperature can be selected within a predefined range, such as between 40 and 82°C for example.
  • the control system 15 also include an interfacing means of a conventional type, identified throughout by numeral 23, which is provided to permit the connection of one or more thermosensitive sensor devices external to the boiler 10.
  • the interfacing means 23 are foreseen to permit at least the connection of a room thermostat, RT, of the ON/OFF type, a room temperature sensor RS and a sensor for the temperature outside the house 1, identified by OS, according to the possible combinations described further on.
  • the sensor device means described herein are also conventional types known to prior art.
  • the RS and OS sensors can be composed of thermoresistors for example (such as NTC resistors).
  • the RT room thermostat is the type comprising a switch - identified by S - for the manual setting of a required room temperature, as well as an ON/OFF contact switch, sensitive to the temperature, identified by C, the trigger threshold of the contact switch C depends on the setting programmed by the user on the switch S.
  • the boiler 10 also includes all the other components normally known to prior art for boiler operation (hydraulic valves, gas valves, safety devices, fume evacuation flue, air ventilator for combustion air if necessary, etc) but which are not necessary in order to understand the context of the present invention.
  • the memory means 21 contains the coded information of the program used by the unit 20 to control the general boiler 10 operations, according to the selections performed manually on the panel 22, the parameters supplied by the sensors 15, 16, and the information provided by one or more of the external devices RT, RS, OS, when these are installed.
  • control panel 22 foresees a specific selection means (such as a push-button), identified throughout by numeral 24 in figure 2 , which allow the user to enable a particular mode for a special boiler operation, hereafter defined as "AUTO".
  • AUTO a specific selection means
  • the control unit 20 of the boiler 10 is able to select a predefined operating strategy in an independent manner, chosen from among a plurality of possible strategies, coded in program form in the memory means 21. More in particular, according to the invention, the control unit 20 is configured to choose a given thermoregulation strategy according to the type of environmental or climatic information that may be made available through one or more of the sensor devices RT, RS and OS. In the preferred embodiment, the control unit 20 appropriately preset to independently recognise whether the interfacing means 23 are connected or not to the aforesaid external sensor devices, and in the case where these devices are connected, which type is connected among those foreseen.
  • the AUTO mode can be activated using the specific key 24 on the control panel 22, while maintaining the possibility of deactivating this function if the user prefers, in order to program preferred boiler regulation parameters on the boiler 10 in manual mode, and in this case the boiler will operate according to its normal function mode.
  • Start-up of the AUTO mode represented by the operating mode described above, and defined as special mode, is preferably signalled on the display 22a, which will also show the possible presence of the external devices RT and/or RS and/or OS.
  • the AUTO mode basically foresees the following five possible cases of external device presence/absence, as well as the same number of corresponding thermoregulation strategies, coded in program mode in the control system of the boiler:
  • the aforesaid strategies are basically directed at determining:
  • the control unit controls the boiler operation to obtain a slow increase in the delivery water temperature as far as the level hereafter defined as "Tset", set by the user with the switch 22b on the control panel 22.
  • Tset the level hereafter defined as "Tset" set by the user with the switch 22b on the control panel 22.
  • the burner is used at reduced power, and in any case, never at its maximum power (except in the case described in point 1.3 below).
  • the Tset temperature When the Tset temperature has been reached in this mode, it is comparatively slower than the condition where the AUTO mode is not active, in other words, when the boiler is running in conditions that can be defined as normal or standard.
  • the slow increase in the water temperature permits the room temperature to stabilise gradually, and consequently, this reduces the switch-on/switch-off cycles of the burner (eliminating sudden switch-on action followed by the relative burner switch-off a short time later). Therefore, the burner is used at lower power and with a reduced number of switch-on/switch-off operations: this contributes towards considerable energy saving as well as reducing undesirable exceeding of Tset temperatures.
  • the control logic independently excludes slow modulation mode whenever the environment is not in working condition, and therefore, presumably requires a more rapid response. This recognition occurs by means of the memorising of the duration of the previous ON/OFF cycles performed by the control system.
  • the burner After burner switch-off, and when the sensor 15 successively identifies a drop in the water temperature under the Tset level, the burner is started up again (with a certain delay, described in the following point 1.4).
  • the control logic ensures that the burner operates at its minimum calorific power for a determined period. In the example considered herein, this period is approximately between 2 and 5 minutes, preferably about 3 minutes.
  • the burner returns to normal operating mode according to the logic described above in point 1.1.
  • the burner switch-off action occurs in basically stabilised room temperature conditions, and therefore, the successive forced switch-on action of the burner at low power, not only does not penalize the user-comfort of system operation, but also contributes towards reducing energy consumption even further (longer work period at low power and fewer switch-on/switch-off cycles).
  • the control logic is set so that in order to carry out the low power modulation strategy in question herein, the burner is programmed to deliver maximum calorific power, which is a fraction, such as 70% for example, of the rated maximum power of the burner. However, if the quantity of heat supplied by the burner during the start-up stages according to the logic expressed in point 1.1 is not sufficient to reach the Tset temperature within a predetermined period, such as 40 minutes for example, the control unit will activate the burner at its maximum effective power (100%), until the Tset temperature has been reached.
  • the burner Following each burner switch-off action as a result of reaching the Tset temperature, the burner will be started up by the control unit with a certain delay according to the Tset temperature programmed by the user. This possibility reduces the transitory periods of boiler switch-on/switch-off, and adapts the operating function to the actual heating requirements.
  • the table below shows the preferred delay periods for restart, expressed in minutes, according to the Tset temperature programmed by the user using the switch 22b.
  • Tset Temperature Restart delay (minutes) ⁇ 45°C 7 45 - 51°C 6 52 - 58°C 5 59 - 65°C 4 66 - 72°C 3 73 - 80°C 2 > 80°C 1
  • This strategy is performed by the control unit in cases where the boiler is connected to an RT room thermostat, and when the AUTO mode has been activated.
  • the boiler control unit is able to identify, by means of the RT, when the room temperature has reached its correct level, hereafter defined as "Trset", set on the thermostat in question.
  • control unit sets the temperature at which the water must be delivered from the boiler at a fixed level, and independent of the Tset level programmed on the control panel 22.
  • the aforesaid fixed level can be equal to 58°C, for example, in the case where the boiler 10 is condensation type, or equal to 62°C in the case where the boiler is a conventional type.
  • These levels are central values in relation to those of the programming range (40-82°C) foreseen by the switch 22b of the control panel 22.
  • the burner following a request for heat transmitted by the RT thermostat, the burner will be operated so that the boiler will deliver the water at a temperature equal to the aforesaid fixed level (58 or 62°C).
  • the aforesaid fixed temperature level will be increased step by step, such as by 4°C for example, with a preferably fixed maximum number of increases. Therefore, in the example provided, each 16 minutes, the delivery water temperature will be increased by a further 4°C, as far as a maximum of three increases, until the Trset room temperature has been reached.
  • Trset room temperature Once the Trset room temperature has been reached, this will be communicated to the control unit 20 by the trigger action of the C contact switch on the RT thermostat, which will determine the burner switch-off action.
  • the temperature of the delivered water from the boiler at successive start-ups will be automatically reduced according to the previous logic, in other words, in step mode for determined periods (4°C each 16 minutes, in the example described herein) until it returns to the aforesaid fixed level (58 or 62°C).
  • the boiler is able to react by increasing the water temperature, to prevent disadvantages in attempting to reach the desired Trset room temperature.
  • the aforesaid fixed or central level is sufficient to reach the Trset room temperature in a relatively short time, less than 16 minutes.
  • the boiler can therefore work with a lower water temperature for a long period, limiting the aforesaid disadvantages during the transitory periods, providing increased efficiency and comfort conditions.
  • the main advantage to be gained is during the mid-season period, when domestic housing heating requirements are less excessive because of climatic conditions.
  • This strategy is performed by the control unit in cases where the boiler is connected to an OS sensor measuring the outdoor temperature outside the house, and when the AUTO mode has been activated.
  • the control unit 20 independently establishes the temperature at which the water must be delivered from the boiler, herein defined as " Taut ", according to a plurality of predefined thermoregulation curves chosen by the installer.
  • Taut A + P ⁇ 5 * B - Tout + P ⁇ 6
  • thermoregulation curves expressed by the previous algorithm is shown in figure 3 .
  • the P5 parameter expresses the slope of the thermoregulation curve which is chosen by the boiler installer according to the climatic conditions of the area where the house is located and/or the thermal insulation in the house. Basically, if the house is poorly insulated and/or is located in an area with particularly severe climatic conditions, a curve will be chosen with a stronger slope in relation to an example with conditions to the contrary (favourable climatic conditions and/or a house with good thermal insulation).
  • the boiler decides the Taut temperature and therefore also the room temperature, independently, according to the algorithm shown above. It should also be stated that the value of the P6 parameter will be according to the original setting made on switch 22b of the panel 22, which we are taking into consideration herein only for the purpose of correcting the thermoregulation curve with higher precision.
  • the user can intervene by modifying the P6 parameter, using switch 22b: this has the effect of moving the total thermoregulation curve either upwards or downwards. If this regulation is not sufficient to satisfy requirements - for example, because the user needs to raise the room temperature considerably in a short time - the AUTO function can be disabled, so that the boiler returns to operate in "manual" mode in order to reach the water temperature programmed by the user on switch 22b.
  • the boiler control unit In cases where, as well as the OS outdoor temperature sensor, the boiler control unit is interfaced with the RT thermostat, the unit will organise the temperature increase according to logics similar to that described in point 2 (basic thermoregulation). Basically speaking, when a request for heating is made by the RT thermostat, the boiler will heat the water to the Taut temperature established by the aforesaid thermoregulation curve. However, if the Trset room temperature setting established by the RT thermostat is not reached within a predefined period, such as 16 minutes for example, which can be modified if necessary, the Taut level established by the curve will be increased step by step, such as by 4°C in the example under consideration herein.
  • the triggered RT thermostat will provoke the switch-off action of the burner.
  • the temperature of the delivered water from the boiler at successive start-ups will be automatically reduced according to the previous logic, in other words, in step mode for determined periods (4°C each 16 minutes, in the example described herein) until it returns to the Taut level established by the thermoregulation curve.
  • the climatic thermoregulation strategy permits the system to adapt the boiler function to the external climatic conditions.
  • Self-regulation of the temperature of the delivery water and modulation of the heating power which is considered optimal in relation to the outdoor conditions provide a considerable increase in boiler efficiency as well as the relative energy saving as a result.
  • This strategy is performed by the control unit in case where the boiler is connected to an RS sensor measuring the room temperature in a correct reading position, and when the AUTO mode has been activated.
  • the boiler control unit independently establishes the temperature of the Taut delivery water basically according to the difference between the required room temperature and the room temperature measured by the RS sensor.
  • the P4 parameter expresses the influence of the room temperature on the regulation of the delivery temperature of the water.
  • thermoregulation permits the system to adapt the boiler function according to the internal conditions. Also in this case, self-regulation of the temperature of the delivery water and modulation of the heating power which is considered optimal in relation to the internal conditions provide a considerable increase in boiler efficiency as well as the relative energy saving as a result.
  • This strategy is performed by the control unit in cases where the boiler is connected to an OS outdoor temperature sensor as well as an RS sensor measuring the room temperature in a correct reading position, and when the AUTO mode has been activated.
  • the boiler control unit automatically establishes the temperature of the Taut delivery water from the boiler according to the difference between the required room temperature and the room temperature measured, the outdoor temperature and the thermoregulation curve chosen by the installer.
  • the total thermoregulation strategy combines the advantages of the climatic and room temperature thermoregulation strategies, with a further increase in boiler efficiency.
  • control system 15 of the boiler is programmed to recognise the connection of one or more external sensor devices in an independent manner, regardless of their type, through an interfacing means 23.
  • different room temperature devices such as three RT thermostats, or three RS sensors, for example, or further still, a combination of two types of device whatsoever (such as two thermostats and a sensor).
  • Configuration A (no device connected) is performed by simply short-circuiting the connection terminals of the RS thermostat/s to the interface 23 (that includes connection terminals for the thermostat/s). Short-circuiting to the interface 23 is identified by the control unit microprocessor in a conventional manner.
  • This auto-learning process can be performed by means of a control logic that counts the heat requests (closure of the thermostat RT contact switch) and measures the time duration of each request, calculating an RTm average/mean duration each time. In the case where the RTm value is lower than a given threshold (such as 90 minutes for example) the control unit detects the presence of the RT thermostat.
  • the control unit 20 detects that the connection terminals to the interface 23 are electrically short-circuited (configuration A) or that the thermostat RT is in an incorrect position, and therefore should not be taken into consideration (this occurs frequently in old installations): in both cases the basic thermoregulation is not performed, but the low power modulation strategy is applied.
  • the self-recognition (in other words, the calculation of the mean duration of heat requests and the comparison with the 90-minute threshold) is a process that is performed continuously by the control logic.
  • control system performs recognition of the type of hardware, to control that the RS and OS sensors are connected through the interface 23 to the respective dedicated inlets to the unit 20.
  • the method used for self-recognition can differ from that described above, and can be any conventional type known to prior art, according to the type and characteristics of the detection means to be applied for interfacing with the boiler control system.
  • the invention also includes the case where the type of external detection device or devices can be set directly by boiler installation or maintenance personnel, for example, on the user interface of the boiler. In this case, it is not strictly necessary that the control system be equipped with a auto-learning function of the type on the possible external devices.
  • the aforesaid auto-learning function is however advisable to permit the control system 15 - programmed in a conventional manner for this purpose - to compensate any faults or malfunction in external detection devices.
  • the control system 15 could activate the Climatic thermoregulation strategy (in the case of a faulty internal sensor) or the Room thermoregulation strategy (in the case of a faulty outdoor sensor).
  • the recognition logic used to identify the A and B configurations described previously can also result as efficient in order to permit the boiler control system to perform the Basic thermoregulation strategy or the Climatic thermoregulation strategy in a more precise manner when an RT thermostat is foreseen.
  • the aforesaid given RTm mean duration of the heat request can be processed by the control unit 20 to detect certain characteristics in the room (dispersion, temperature variation dynamics) and can adapt the duration of the delivery water temperature increase/reduction periods accordingly (the 4°C steps every 16 minutes, described in the examples above).
  • processing performed by the control unit can be used for comparison between the duration of two or more successive heat requests, or for memorising the timing of a plurality of successive heat requests in order to obtain a relative room temperature trend curve, always with the aim of varying the aforesaid delivery water temperature increase/reduction periods.
  • the AUTO function foreseen according to the invention provides users with a far easier boiler operating method and improved operating function.
  • This improved functionality is mainly provided by a software type program on the control system, and therefore does not increase the cost of the product to a large extent.
  • the proposed boiler provides benefits in terms of a reduction in gas consumption, while guaranteeing that the required room temperature is provided for the user.
  • the AUTO function can be disabled independently.
  • the sophisticated boiler operation control does not create any particular difficulties for the user, since, when the AUTO function has been selected by the user the best possible strategy will be chosen independently by the boiler control system.
  • the boiler according to the invention also has the advantage that it can be installed in its basic version, and then equipped with one or more external devices at a later date if necessary, in order to increase performance and facilitate operating functions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (26)

  1. Une chaudière à gaz du système de chauffage conçue pour être connectée hydrauliquement à un circuit de chauffage (2-4) et comportant :
    - des dispositifs de chauffage (12-13), pour chauffer l'eau destinée à circuler à travers le circuit de chauffage (2-4),
    - un système de commande (15), comprenant au moins une unité de commande électronique (20), un dispositif de mémoire (21), un panneau de commande manuelle (22) et un dispositif d'interface (23), dans laquelle le système de commande (15) est adapté pour être connecté, par l'intermédiaire dudit dispositif d'interface (23), à un ou plusieurs dispositifs sensibles à la température externe, tels qu'au moins un thermostat d'ambiance (RT), au moins un capteur de température ambiante (RS), au moins un capteur de température extérieure (OS),
    et dans laquelle les informations de programme utilisées par l'unité de commande (20) sont stockées dans ledit dispositif de mémoire (21), pour contrôler le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) afin de chauffer l'eau jusqu'à une température de sortie d'eau, le panneau de commande manuelle (22) comprenant :
    - au moins un dispositif de commutation (22b) pour régler une valeur de consigne de la température de sortie d'eau, ledit réglage étant actif au moins lorsque la chaudière (10) est dans un premier mode de fonctionnement
    - un dispositif de sélection (24) permettant à l'utilisateur d'activer un second mode de fonctionnement de la chaudière (10), le système de commande (15) étant conçu de telle sorte que, dans ledit second mode de fonctionnement, l'unité de commande (20) sélectionne une stratégie de chauffage d'eau sur une pluralité de stratégies de chauffage de l'eau stockée dans ledit dispositif de mémoire (21)
    la chaudière (10) étant caractérisée en ce que le type de la stratégie de chauffage, sélectionné et exécuté par l'unité de commande (20), en fonction de :
    - si un ou plusieurs desdits dispositifs externes (RT, RS, OS) est / sont connectés audit dispositif d'interfaces (23) ou non, et
    - le type de dispositif ou dispositifs externe(s) (RT, RS, OS), le cas échéant, connecté(s) audit dispositif d'interface (23).
  2. La chaudière selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le système de commande (15) est conçu pour effectuer une action d'auto-détection:
    - si un ou plusieurs desdits dispositifs externes (RT, RS, OS) est / sont connectés audit dispositif d'interface (23) ou non, et / ou
    - le type de dispositif ou dispositifs externe(s) connecté(s) (RT, RS, OS), le cas échéant.
  3. La chaudière selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite pluralité de stratégies de chauffage comprend au moins deux ou plusieurs des stratégies suivantes:
    - une stratégie conçue pour commander le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-14) dans le cas où aucun des dispositifs externes (RT, RS, OS) sont connectés au dispositif d'interface (23), ci-après dénommée stratégie de modulation de puissance faible,
    - une stratégie conçue pour commander le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-14) dans le cas où au moins un thermostat d'ambiance (RT) est connecté au dispositif d'interface (23), ladite stratégie étant ci-après dénommée stratégie de thermorégulation de base,
    - une stratégie conçue pour commander le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-14) dans le cas où au moins un capteur de température extérieure (OS) est connecté au dispositif d'interface (23), ladite stratégie étant ci-après dénommée stratégie de thermorégulation climatique,
    - une stratégie conçue pour commander le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-14) dans le cas où au moins un capteur de température interne (RS) est connecté au dispositif d'interface (23), ladite stratégie étant ci-après dénommée stratégie de thermorégulation ambiante, et
    - une stratégie conçue pour commander le fonctionnement des dispositifs de chauffage (12-14) dans le cas où au moins un capteur de température interne (RS) est connecté au dispositif d'interface (23), ladite stratégie étant ci-après dénommée stratégie de thermorégulation totale.
  4. La chaudière selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle au moins l'une desdites stratégies comprend des instructions suivies par l'unité de commande (20) pour ajuster la température de sortie d'eau d'une manière indépendante sans tenir compte d'une sélection effectuée en utilisant ledit dispositif de commutation (22b).
  5. La chaudière selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle au moins l'une desdites stratégies comprennent des règles suivies par l'unité de commande (20) pour moduler la puissance de chauffage de l'eau.
  6. La chaudière selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de modulation de puissance faible est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) commande lesdits dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) pour obtenir une augmentation lente de la température de sortie d'eau jusqu'à une valeur de consigne réglée par ledit dispositif de commutation (22b), en utilisant une puissance de chauffage qui est réduite par rapport à la puissance de chauffage utilisée lorsque la chaudière (10) est dans ledit mode de fonctionnement normal.
  7. La chaudière selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de modulation de puissance faible est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) active lesdits dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) pour fonctionner à une puissance de chauffage minimale pour une période de temps prédéterminé, à la suite des opérations de redémarrage par les dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) lorsque la température de sortie d'eau a baissée au-dessous de ladite valeur de consigne.
  8. La chaudière selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de modulation de puissance faible est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) active lesdits dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) pour fonctionner à une puissance maxime, si la valeur de consigne n'est pas atteinte dans un délai donné.
  9. La chaudière selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de modulation de puissance faible est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) active lesdits dispositifs de chauffage (12-13) qui redémarrent le fonctionnement, lorsque la température de l'eau descend en dessous de la valeur de consigne, avec un retard qui est variable en fonction de ladite valeur de consigne, où, en particulier, plus grande est la valeur de consigne, plus court le retard.
  10. La chaudière selon la revendication 4 et / ou 5, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation de base est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) sélectionne automatiquement une température prédéfinie de l'eau de sortie, ladite température prédéfinie est de préférence contenue dans la plage de 55 à 65°C.
  11. La chaudière selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation de base est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) augmente ladite température prédéterminée de distribution d'eau selon l'une des étapes prédéfinies pour une période donnée, si la température ambiante de consigne réglée au moyen dudit thermostat d'ambiance (RT) n'est pas atteinte dans un temps prédéterminé, dans lequel en particulier un nombre maximal prédéterminé d'étapes est prévu.
  12. La chaudière selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation de base est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20), une fois que la température ambiante de consigne est atteinte, réduit la température de sortie d'eau par des étapes prédéfinies pour une période donnée, jusqu'à ce que ladite température de sortie d'eau prédéfinie est atteinte.
  13. La chaudière selon la revendication 4 et / ou 5, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation climatique est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) calcule de façon indépendante une température de sortie d'eau donnée en fonction d'une température extérieure relevée par ledit capteur externe (OS).
  14. La chaudière selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle ladite température de sortie d'eau donnée est calculée en utilisant l'algorithme suivant : Taut = A + P ⁢ 5 * B - Tout
    Figure imgb0014
    où :
    - Taut est la température de sortie d'eau donnée ;
    - A est un paramètre dépendant du type de système de chauffage ;
    - P5 est un paramètre exprimant la pente d'une courbe donnée de thermorégulation ;
    - B est un paramètre fixe ;
    - Tout est une température extérieure relevée par ledit capteur de température extérieure (OS).
  15. La chaudière selon la revendication 14, dans laquelle ledit algorithme comprend en outre un paramètre de décalage comme suit : Taut = A + P ⁢ 5 * B - Tout + P ⁢ 6
    Figure imgb0015
    où P6 est ledit paramètre de décalage, selon la position de réglage dudit dispositif de commutation (22b).
  16. La chaudière selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications de 13 à 15, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation climatique est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) augmente ladite température de sortie d'eau donnée par les étapes prédéfinies pour une période donnée, à la condition que
    - un thermostat d'ambiance (RT) est également connecté aux dispositifs d'interface (23) et
    - une température ambiante de consigne réglée au moyen dudit thermostat d'ambiance (RT) n'est pas atteinte dans un temps préfixé.
  17. La chaudière selon la revendication 16, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation de base est conçue de telle sorte que, une fois que la température ambiante de consigne est atteinte, l'unité de commande (20) réduit la température de sortie d'eau par des étapes prédéfinies pour des périodes de temps d'arrêt données à ladite température de sortie d'eau.
  18. La chaudière selon la revendication 4 et / ou 5, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation ambiante est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) calcule de façon indépendante une température d'eau de sortie donnée selon une différence entre une température ambiante de consigne et une température ambiante relevée par ledit capteur (RS).
  19. La chaudière selon la revendication 18, dans laquelle ladite température de sortie d'eau donnée est calculée en utilisant l'algorithme suivant : Taut = Min CHsetTemp + P ⁢ 4 * Trset - Trmeas
    Figure imgb0016
    où :
    - Taut est la température de sortie d'eau donnée ;
    - Min CHsetTemp est une température minimale de l'eau qui peut être sélectionnée à l'aide dudit dispositif de commutation (22b) ;
    - P4 est un paramètre influence de la température ambiante sur la régulation ;
    - Trset est la température ambiante de consigne ;
    - Trmeas est la température ambiante relevée par ledit capteur de température ambiante (RS).
  20. La chaudière selon la revendication 4 et / ou 5, dans laquelle ladite stratégie de thermorégulation totale est conçue de telle sorte que l'unité de commande (20) calcule automatiquement une température de sortie d'eau donnée selon :
    - une différence entre une température ambiante de consigne et une température ambiante relevée par ledit capteur de température ambiante (RS), et
    - la température extérieure relevée par ledit capteur de température extérieure (OS).
  21. La chaudière selon la revendication 20, dans laquelle ladite température de sortie d'eau donnée est calculée en utilisant l'algorithme suivant : Taut = Trset + P ⁢ 5 * Trset - Tout + P ⁢ 5 * P ⁢ 4 * Trset - Tmeas
    Figure imgb0017
    où :
    - Taut est la température de sortie d'eau donnée ;
    - Trset est la température ambiante de consigne ;
    - P5 est un paramètre exprimant la pente d'une courbe de thermorégulation donnée ;
    - Tout est une température extérieure relevée par ledit capteur de température extérieure (OS).
    - P4 est un paramètre influence de la température ambiante sur la régulation ;
    - Trmeas est la température ambiante relevée par ledit capteur de température ambiante (RS).
  22. La chaudière selon la revendication 21, dans laquelle ledit algorithme comprend en outre un paramètre de décalage comme suit : Taut = Trset + P ⁢ 5 * Trset - Tout + P ⁢ 6 + P ⁢ 5 * P ⁢ 4 * Trset - Tmeas + P ⁢ 6
    Figure imgb0018
    où P6 est ledit paramètre de décalage, selon la position de réglage dudit dispositif de commutation (22b).
  23. La chaudière selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit dispositif d'interface (23) comprend des bornes de connexion pour au moins un thermostat d'ambiance (RT) et le système de commande (15) est programmé pour exécuter une phase d'auto-apprentissage qui comprend le calcul d'une valeur moyenne de la durée de périodes de court-circuit des bornes de connexion.
  24. La chaudière selon la revendication 23, dans laquelle le système de commande (15) est programmé pour détecter la présence dudit thermostat d'ambiance (RT) si ladite valeur moyenne est inférieure à un seuil donné.
  25. La chaudière selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle au moins un thermostat d'ambiance (RT) est connecté audit dispositif d'interface (23) et le système de commande (15) est programmé pour effectuer au moins une des opérations suivantes :
    - un calcul d'une valeur moyenne de la durée des périodes de fermeture d'un commutateur de contact ON / OFF dudit thermostat (RT),
    - une comparaison de la durée de deux ou plusieurs périodes de fermeture d'un commutateur de contact ON / OFF dudit thermostat (RT), et
    - un calcul d'une courbe de tendance sur la base de la durée de deux ou plusieurs périodes de fermeture d'un commutateur de contact ON / OFF dudit thermostat (RT).
  26. La chaudière selon l'une des revendications 11 et 25 et / ou revendications 16 et 25, dans laquelle le système de commande (15) est programmé pour réguler lesdites périodes de temps prédéterminées en fonction du résultat dudit calcul ou des comparaisons.
EP08709798A 2007-02-16 2008-02-12 Chaudière pour système de chauffage, en particulier pour une utilisation domestique Active EP2122261B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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IT000115A ITTO20070115A1 (it) 2007-02-16 2007-02-16 "caldaia per un impianto di riscaldamento, particolarmente per uso domestico"
PCT/IB2008/000310 WO2008099259A2 (fr) 2007-02-16 2008-02-12 Chaudière pour système de chauffage, en particulier pour une utilisation domestique

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GB201002311D0 (en) * 2010-02-11 2010-03-31 Serviceright Llp Heating system controller and method
NL2006176C2 (nl) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-13 Intergas Heating Assets B V Warmwaterinrichting.
CN108775706A (zh) * 2018-07-16 2018-11-09 深圳市香啡国际商贸有限公司 一种高精度增压即热式热水器
CN111578370B (zh) * 2020-05-13 2021-05-18 山东普赛通信科技股份有限公司 一种供暖调控方法、系统、介质及电子设备
CN111520812B (zh) * 2020-05-13 2021-05-18 山东普赛通信科技股份有限公司 一种供热住户室温估测方法及系统

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FR2723176A1 (fr) * 1994-07-27 1996-02-02 Saacke Sarl Procede et systeme de commande d'un equipement de chauffe
AT403530B (de) * 1995-03-20 1998-03-25 Vaillant Gmbh Regler für eine brennerbeheizte heizungsanlage
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