EP2117829A1 - Matériau composite - Google Patents

Matériau composite

Info

Publication number
EP2117829A1
EP2117829A1 EP08708996A EP08708996A EP2117829A1 EP 2117829 A1 EP2117829 A1 EP 2117829A1 EP 08708996 A EP08708996 A EP 08708996A EP 08708996 A EP08708996 A EP 08708996A EP 2117829 A1 EP2117829 A1 EP 2117829A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
composite material
rock
metal
aircraft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08708996A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joerg Wellnitz
Thomas Krabatsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grein Tec GmbH
Original Assignee
Grein Tec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grein Tec GmbH filed Critical Grein Tec GmbH
Publication of EP2117829A1 publication Critical patent/EP2117829A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite material, a part of a
  • Vehicle body a part of an airplane shell, as well as an armor.
  • Composite materials of one or more metal and plastic layers are widely used today. Sandwich-like structures are often used in jacket or body parts.
  • An example of this is a plastic-metal composite material, which has been established in recent years, above all by aircraft manufacturers as construction material for aircraft sumps, wings or tail units.
  • Composite materials are usually characterized by the fact that the u. U. different properties of different materials can be combined. It is therefore possible otherwise to often reconcile conflicting goals. For example, modern composites have high tensile strength, flexural rigidity, and stability, while at the same time being advantageous over other materials in weight.
  • a composite material which comprises at least a first layer, a second layer
  • the first layer has a rock and the second layer a metal.
  • the composite material is given an increased stability against punctual loads.
  • the composite material is optimized in terms of other goals, such as in terms of weight, tensile strength, flexural rigidity and / or a stability against surface loads.
  • Another advantage of using rock is its good, low cost and mass availability.
  • an optical impression of rock for example, in the sense of aesthetic design or camouflage be provided without having to achieve this visual impression through additional decorative layers or features.
  • Another of the composite material of the invention is to provide curved surfaces.
  • the metal may, for example, comprise aluminum, titanium, magnesium, iron, carbon, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum or nickel.
  • the rock may include magmatite, sedimentite, metamorphite, granite, quartz, feldspar, mica, marble, soapstone, and / or limestone, and / or combinations thereof. The proportion of carbon can dominate, so that a carbon structure can also be provided.
  • a layer thickness of the first layer may not exceed 10 mm, preferably 2 mm.
  • a layer thickness of the second layer can not exceed 10 mm, preferably 5 mm.
  • the composite material may comprise a metal foam layer, preferably a layer of aluminum foam.
  • the composite material may comprise a ring mesh layer, preferably of a plastic material.
  • a part of a vehicle body, a part of an airplane shell, and an armor may be provided with the composite material of the present invention.
  • This may be a load-bearing part or denteil in the automotive sector or aircraft.
  • a shelling or splinter protection or a decorative or facade cladding or a formwork may be provided.
  • a soaked layer is provided in the first layer that alters mechanical and / or chemical and / or physical properties of the first layer.
  • the impregnated layer may be formed as a barrier to liquids.
  • a fabric may be provided for reinforcement.
  • a high temperature adhesive can be used for improved bonding.
  • the composite material may be formed in a curved or curved shape.
  • the radii for the curved shape can be in the range of 1 m up to 100 mm, in particular between 100 mm and 3 mm and smaller.
  • FIG. 1 shows a composite material according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a composite material according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • 3A shows a composite material according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3B shows a composite material according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a composite material with a soaked layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first composite material 101.
  • the first composite material 101 has a first layer 10, a second layer 20 and a first connection layer 91.
  • the first layer 10 according to the present invention comprises a rock, for example an igneous, a sedimentite, a metamorphite, granite, quartz, feldspar, mica, marble, a soapstone and / or limestone and / or combinations thereof.
  • the first layer can consist of a layer of the rock, which is worked out of a block of the rock, for example cut. The block of the rock is thereby extracted from a natural occurrence of the rock in a quarry, ie it is mined. After cutting, the layer may still be thinned to obtain a first layer of desired thickness.
  • the second layer 20 comprises a metal, for example aluminum, titanium, magnesium, iron, carbons, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum or nickel.
  • the first bonding layer 91 may be an adhesive, preferably an acrylic resin adhesive such as. z. As a Sicafast 5521 adhesive, or have an epoxy resin adhesive.
  • a layer thickness of the first layer 10 can not exceed 10 mm, preferably 2 mm.
  • a layer thickness of the second layer can not exceed 10 mm, preferably 5 mm.
  • the first and / or the second layer may also have larger thicknesses.
  • first layer 10 comprising a rock
  • the composite material 101 special properties with regard to stability against punctiform loads.
  • the stability is significantly improved over conventional composites in terms of these loads.
  • the composite material 101 according to the invention can be used, for example, in aircraft or body construction, where in addition to improved stability against punctual loads there is also the requirement for weight optimization.
  • the punctual load can be carried out by fire during a military or civil mission.
  • the composite material according to the invention is also suitable for the production of armor or splinter protection, which is not limited to mobile applications, but can also protect immobile objects from punctual loads or shelling.
  • armor for buildings and sights can be achieved, with no significant weight limitations, and thus advantageously little limited in construction.
  • the preparation of a composite material according to the present invention may be accomplished by providing a first layer comprising a rock, providing a second layer comprising a metal, cleaning the second layer, applying an adhesive to the second layer, and depositing the first layer take the glue.
  • the first layer may be a layer of rock formed in its natural form.
  • the production may comprise a grinding of the rock, in particular after a working out, for example a cutting out of a block of the rock.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second composite material 102 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the composite material 102 in addition to the first layer 10, the first interconnection layer 91, and the second layer 20, the composite material 102 further includes a second interconnection layer 92, a third interconnection layer 93, a fourth interconnection layer, a third layer 30, a fourth layer 40, and a fifth layer 50.
  • the third layer 30 and the fifth layer 50 according to this embodiment have a metal, while the fourth layer 40 comprises a rock.
  • the sandwich-type structure according to this embodiment advantageously provides a composite material having the aforementioned advantageous properties.
  • a composite material is not limited to an embodiment having two or five layers, but may be any number of layers, each having a layer comprising a rock disposed on a layer comprising a metal, and these Layers are each connected to a connecting layers.
  • An advantageous composite material may for example be given by a composite material 102, wherein the first layer 10 and the fourth layer 40 have a first layer thickness 910 which is less than 10 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, and wherein the second layer 20, the third layer 30 and the fifth layer 50 have a second layer thickness 920, which is less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm.
  • a stone foil can be provided whose layer thickness is less than one millimeter or up to about 0.2 mm.
  • the layer thickness 930 of the connecting layers 91, 92, 93 and 94 may lie in a comparable region of the layer thicknesses 910, 920 or may be substantially thinner, for example less than 1 mm.
  • the arrangement of the composite material 102 advantageously allows the production of body parts, parts of an aircraft shell, or in general an armor, on the one hand a significantly increased stability against punctual loads and on the other hand good properties in terms of construction, especially in terms of weight and Tensile strength is ensured.
  • parts of a vehicle, a helicopter or an aircraft can be protected from punctual loads, such as shelling or splintering, while the material allows processing in such applications in terms of weight and other mechanical properties.
  • the bombardment can generally be caused by projectiles, explosions, or by material fatigue, such as the bursting of a tire.
  • stable and light armor can be achieved with the composite material according to the invention also for real estate, including for the protection of the civilian population.
  • Figure 3A shows a third composite material 103 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the composite material 103 has a metal foam layer 60 in addition to the first layer 10, the second layer 20 and the first connection layer 91.
  • the metal foam layer 60 may preferably have an aluminum foam and also be manufactured in one piece with the second layer 20.
  • a part of a metal layer is foamed, wherein a non-foamed section provides the second layer 20 and the foamed section, the metal foam layer 60.
  • the metal foam layer 60 can be arranged with respect to an interior, wherein the impact or the punctual loads mainly of a Outside done.
  • the metal foam layer 60 substantially increases the possible energy absorption of the composite material 103, since it acts like a crumple zone due to the foam-like configuration. While the weight influence of the metal foam layer 60 is not noticeable, the provision of the metal foam layer 60 according to the invention can lead to much better interception of punctual loads, such as projectile bombardment. Furthermore, the metal foam layer 60 can significantly improve the absorption of transverse forces.
  • FIG. 3B shows a fourth composite material 104 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the composite material 104 has a ring mesh layer 70 in addition to the first layer 10, the second layer 20, and the first tie layer 91.
  • the Ring mesh layer 70 may preferably comprise a plastic mesh, for example of an epoxy resin, which may have a glass fiber reinforcement.
  • the ring mesh layer 70 substantially enhances the stability, in particular the stability against punctiform stresses, of the composite material 104, while the weight influence of the ring mesh layer 70 does not significantly strike the eye.
  • a combination of the third or fourth embodiment may be provided with the first or second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a composite material on the one hand a sandwich-type structure, can have a plurality of rock and metal layers and at the same time have a metal foam layer and / or a ring mesh layer for increasing the energy absorption.
  • the composite material 105 in addition to the first layer 10, the first connection layer 91, the second layer 20 and the metal foam layer 60, the composite material 105 has at least three further first layers 11, three further second layers 21, two layers each being connected to a further connection layer 99 are.
  • an arrangement of rock - metal - rock - metal - metal foam - rock - metal - rock - metal can be provided.
  • the composite material 105 advantageously has, in addition to the properties described above, a substantially improved absorption of transverse forces. This simplifies the use of the composite material 105 and significantly expands the possible uses, in particular with regard to the construction of armor and shrapnel from the fifth composite material 105.
  • a liquid infiltrated to change mechanical and / or chemical properties of the rock can be achieved by the infiltration of a liquid that the rock has a higher mechanical property.
  • a liquid having two components for example, bisphenol A-epichlorohydrin resin and a 1,3-
  • the rock may for example consist of a porous and cracked natural stone, which has improved mechanical and / or chemical and / or physical properties by the infiltrated liquid.
  • the liquid can be applied to the layers after a thin-grinding process.
  • the application can be carried out, for example, using a toothed spatula, a brush or a cloth.
  • When applying the rock may have a temperature above the room temperature, for example, in the range between 40 to 70 0 C, in particular between 50 and 60 0 C, lies. Due to the elevated temperature, application and infiltration are supported.
  • the method can be used to protect the adhesive bond against environmental influences.
  • the liquid is applied to the side of the layer on which a bonding layer, for example an adhesive layer, adjoins, ie on which the adhesive is applied.
  • a liquid for example, a water-repellent liquid is used, preferably also a Leakage of a liquid prevents the connection layer.
  • a fluid-enriched barrier layer is reached in the rock.
  • cooling fluid is applied to the rock layer for the grinding process.
  • a mixture of water and oil is used. After thinning, dry the rock layer completely to prevent the coolant from seeping in.
  • Fig. 5 shows a first composite material 101 with a first layer 10, which consists of a rock.
  • the first layer 10 is connected to a second layer 20 via a first connection layer 91.
  • the connecting layer 91 represents, for example, an adhesive layer.
  • the connecting layer could also be designed in the form of an ultrasonic white layer or another type of connection.
  • the impregnated layer 100 Adjacent to the bonding layer 91 is the impregnated layer 100 formed by the described method.
  • the free side 52 is arranged opposite to the first connection layer 91.
  • the liquid-impregnated layer 100 may act to repel water and serve to prevent leakage of the cooling liquid to the adhesive layer 91.
  • the impregnated layer can improve the mechanical and / or the chemical and / or physical properties of the rock. examples For example, the strength can be increased.
  • a liquid for example, a polymer-containing liquid can be used, which is applied directly to a clean side of the rock layer before the bonding process. The application can be carried out by means of brushes, a cloth or by machine, for example at room temperature and an increased contact pressure.
  • the barrier layer 100 may be used in a variety of embodiments of composite materials, such. As explained in FIGS. 1 to 4, are arranged.
  • a high-temperature adhesive can be used as adhesive, which retains, for example, up to a temperature of 55O 0 C and higher the adhesive property.
  • the temperature resistance of the composite material can be improved.
  • an adhesive for example, ceramic adhesive can be used.
  • the composite material can be used as a supporting structure and used as a component for improving fatigue strength.
  • the composite material described is particularly suitable for increasing the fatigue strength and for improving the breaking strength.
  • the composite material can be reinforced by a fabric 54, as shown in FIG. 5, in particular a textile fabric.
  • the fabric 54 may be disposed in the tie layer 91.
  • a textile fabric for example, a Twintex or a fabric of the type Atlas 1: 1 and 1: 4 in the expression of carbon, glass and / or aramid fibers are used.
  • a fabric reinforcement can be achieved by using the textile fabric as knitted, knitted or braided fabric, which For example, is arranged in a rear region of the composite.
  • the fibers of the fabric can be produced for example by filament winding or by initial twisting on a textile machine with mixing with slip and other fiber strands.
  • the fabric may be disposed in the tie layer.
  • soapstone Soakstone
  • rock may be used as the rock.
  • the composite material described is characterized by a higher point load capacity, which is controlled by the materials used.
  • the composite material allows the production of a curved surface, in particular by pressing, by bending or deep drawing. This radii of curvature are achieved, which are in the range from 3mm and larger.
  • the radius of the bent composite material may be between 3mm and 10mm or between 10mm and 50mm. In a further embodiment, the radius may be between 50mm and 100mm or between 100mm and 200mm or greater.
  • the composite material is suitable depending on the structure as protection in the field of the known shelling classes.
  • liquids for improving the chemical and / or mechanical properties for example, oils, resins, adhesives or other liquid materials can be used, which allow a mechanical and / or a chemical improvement of the properties of the rock.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau composite comprenant une première couche 10, une deuxième couche 20 et une couche de liaison 91 entre la première couche 10 et la deuxième couche 20. La première couche 10 présente un minéral et la deuxième couche 20 présente un métal.
EP08708996A 2007-02-15 2008-02-14 Matériau composite Withdrawn EP2117829A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200720002426 DE202007002426U1 (de) 2007-02-15 2007-02-15 Verbundmaterial
PCT/EP2008/051803 WO2008098990A1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-14 Matériau composite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2117829A1 true EP2117829A1 (fr) 2009-11-18

Family

ID=38460707

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08708996A Withdrawn EP2117829A1 (fr) 2007-02-15 2008-02-14 Matériau composite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2117829A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202007002426U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008098990A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009047252A1 (de) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Grein Tec Gmbh Fahrzeughaube, Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kraftfahrzeughaube oder eines Verbundwerkstoffs
WO2016054625A2 (fr) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 Antiballistic Security And Protection, Inc. Matériaux de structure et systèmes associés
TWI791590B (zh) * 2017-08-14 2023-02-11 美商瓦特隆電子製造公司 接合石英件之方法及接合之石英的石英電極及其他裝置
CN108163135B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2019-05-10 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 舰用耐火型复合装甲结构
US11376812B2 (en) 2020-02-11 2022-07-05 Helicoid Industries Inc. Shock and impact resistant structures

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1318351A (en) * 1968-05-06 1973-05-31 Norton Co Composite armour
US3950202A (en) * 1973-06-11 1976-04-13 Hodges William E Method of making a composite natural stone veneer product
US4061815A (en) * 1967-10-26 1977-12-06 The Upjohn Company Novel compositions
US4664955A (en) * 1986-03-21 1987-05-12 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Natural stone facing composite laminate
EP1329568A1 (fr) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-23 Bresciana Graniti S.p.A. Carreau composite de pavage
US20040121089A1 (en) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Whiting Richard J. Rock laminate
US20060147690A1 (en) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-06 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Metallic layer material, reinforced with basalt fibers, as well as products made thereof

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005030479B3 (de) * 2005-06-28 2006-11-02 Armin Mang Mit Kunstmarmorschicht versehene Metallplatten und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4061815A (en) * 1967-10-26 1977-12-06 The Upjohn Company Novel compositions
GB1318351A (en) * 1968-05-06 1973-05-31 Norton Co Composite armour
US3950202A (en) * 1973-06-11 1976-04-13 Hodges William E Method of making a composite natural stone veneer product
US4664955A (en) * 1986-03-21 1987-05-12 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Natural stone facing composite laminate
EP1329568A1 (fr) * 2001-12-18 2003-07-23 Bresciana Graniti S.p.A. Carreau composite de pavage
US20040121089A1 (en) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Whiting Richard J. Rock laminate
US20060147690A1 (en) * 2005-01-04 2006-07-06 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Metallic layer material, reinforced with basalt fibers, as well as products made thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2008098990A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008098990A1 (fr) 2008-08-21
DE202007002426U1 (de) 2007-08-30

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