EP2107953B1 - Method for hydroforming components - Google Patents

Method for hydroforming components Download PDF

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EP2107953B1
EP2107953B1 EP07856575A EP07856575A EP2107953B1 EP 2107953 B1 EP2107953 B1 EP 2107953B1 EP 07856575 A EP07856575 A EP 07856575A EP 07856575 A EP07856575 A EP 07856575A EP 2107953 B1 EP2107953 B1 EP 2107953B1
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Prior art keywords
ionic liquid
hydroforming
pressure
gas
fluid
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French (fr)
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EP2107953A1 (en
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Eberhard Schlücker
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Friedrich Alexander Univeritaet Erlangen Nuernberg FAU
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Friedrich Alexander Univeritaet Erlangen Nuernberg FAU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hydroforming components according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • hydroforming is understood to mean various processes of active-substance-based transformation, ie processes in which liquid media, such as water and oil, assume the function of the force-introducing component.
  • liquid media such as water and oil
  • hydroforming includes high pressure forming, hydrostatic stretch forming, and hydromechanical deep drawing.
  • hydroforming is thus a technique in which the component to be molded is pressed against a tool by means of a liquid (also pressurized fluid).
  • a liquid also pressurized fluid
  • hydroforming is thus a technique in which the component to be molded is pressed against a tool by means of a liquid (also pressurized fluid).
  • a product with a uniform shape can be produced with a divisible tool.
  • complex forms by hydroforming.
  • An example of this is the transition from round to square or to other shapes.
  • a combination of several forms belongs in the range of possibilities. At the same time you can achieve sharper corners and higher dimensional accuracy, depending on fluid pressure, which may for example be about 2,000 to 4,000 bar but also more.
  • Hydroforming is thus an established in many industries manufacturing process for complicated shaped components, such as in the automotive industry in the production of camshafts from tube-like workpieces.
  • the workpiece is tightly clamped in a divisible tool and loaded with a pressure fluid serving as a pressure fluid until the desired shape is established by flow of the material.
  • the pressure required for these processes is usually generated by piston pumps and results from the material properties of the metal to be processed at the selected ambient conditions. Since steel sheets or steel profiles (for example, pipes) are usually used as the raw material, hydroforming of complicated components up to 4000 bar is necessary.
  • the stresses of the pressure generator and the tools at this pressure level are considerable and lead to massive cost-intensive designs and a relatively high failure or damage probability.
  • a typical printing fluid for such applications is the thermal oil Marlotherm®, which can be used up to about 300 ° C. For many applications of the future is but this temperature is still not high enough, because the material strength at this temperature is not much lower.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide an improved method for hydroforming of components to avoid the disadvantages described.
  • the features of the invention to solve this problem emerge from claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments thereof are described in the further claims.
  • the pressure fluid is an ionic liquid is used, which has a high temperature resistance to at least 550 ° C and consists of an organic ionic liquid or an inorganic ionic liquid or a mixture of these two liquids.
  • the ionic liquids to be used according to the invention as pressurized fluid are currently usable up to at least 550.degree. This is a typical mixture of lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate, nitrite and other ingredients. But it can also higher with yet to be created ionic liquids of another kind Temperatures are reached. Another advantage of the group of ionic liquids is their chemical inertness, so that hardly any attacks on materials are to be feared. In addition, due to the extremely low vapor pressure, the odor load in the manufacturing environment is reduced and thus also ensures less pressure fluid loss through evaporation.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a table a clear comparison of the compressibility and the volume loss per 100 bar for water and some organic ionic liquids. The values listed in this table were tested at pressures up to 2000 bar and 200 ° C simultaneity loading, whereby these organic ionic liquids were recognized to be stable.
  • the hydroforming process can also be operated by a controlled process, with temperatures above the limit temperature, e.g. 300 or 550 ° C, but under atmospheric pressure, the aforementioned limit temperature is not exceeded.
  • the limit temperature e.g. 300 or 550 ° C
  • ionic liquids to be used according to the invention are liquids which contain only ions. These are liquid salts without the salt being dissolved in a solvent such as water is.
  • ionic liquids should be understood as meaning substances which consist of cations and anions. In this case, mixtures of several cations and anions are possible.
  • the ionic liquid used as pressurized fluid can be indirectly act on the component to be formed via gas, which was first filled in the component and / or in a space in front of it.
  • it may be provided to compress the gas with the aid of a liquid piston formed from ionic liquid.
  • the ionic liquid is allowed to act on the gas via an intermediate agent arranged therebetween.
  • intermediate means either a template plate and / or a further liquid can be used, which floats on the ionic liquid.
  • a chamber or a pipe system - first with gas, possibly already with a certain pressure, and then compresses this gas by means of a liquid piston formed from ionic liquids, so is heated by the compression of the gas and thus the component.
  • the ionic liquid experiences the same temperature at the interface with the gas or a slightly lower temperature due to the heat absorption in the ionic liquid. It is important that many ionic liquids absorb little gas.
  • liquid piston is also supplemented with a template plate, which serves to protect against heat and diffusion, or another liquid which floats on the ionic liquid serving as pressurized fluid.
  • the ionic liquid can finally, with appropriate design of the hydroforming system in the pump have a different (lower) temperature than in the contact area to the gas.

Abstract

In the case of a method for hydroforming components in which a workpiece to be deformed is placed in a dividable mould and formed into a product with the desired shape by applying pressure to a hydraulic fluid serving as a pressure transmitting medium, an ionic liquid is used as the hydraulic fluid. The ionic liquids to be used according to the invention as hydraulic fluids in the hydroforming technique can, at present, be used up to very high temperatures. As a result, high-temperature hydroforming with liquids is advantageously possible. Furthermore, the low compressibility of ionic liquids has the effect of achieving a considerable increase in efficiency in the forming process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Hydroformen von Bauteilen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for hydroforming components according to the preamble of claim 1.

Unter dem Begriff "Hydroformen" (engl.: hydroforming) werden verschiedene Verfahren der wirkmedienbasierten Umformung verstanden, Verfahren also, bei denen flüssige Medien, wie Wasser und Öl, die Funktion der krafteinleitenden Komponente übernehmen. Zu den gängigsten Verfahren des Hydroformens gehören das Hochdruck-Umformen, das hydrostatische Streck-Umformen sowie das hydromechanische Tiefziehen.The term "hydroforming" is understood to mean various processes of active-substance-based transformation, ie processes in which liquid media, such as water and oil, assume the function of the force-introducing component. The most common methods of hydroforming include high pressure forming, hydrostatic stretch forming, and hydromechanical deep drawing.

Mit Hilfe dieser Verfahren lassen sich Bauteile herstellen, die gegenüber konventionell gefertigten Bauteilen verbesserte mechanische Eigenschaften, ein geringeres Gewicht sowie eine komplexere Struktur aufweisen.With the aid of these methods, it is possible to produce components which, compared with conventionally manufactured components, have improved mechanical properties, a lower weight and a more complex structure.

Während die guten mechanischen Eigenschaften, z.B. die höhere Steifigkeit und Festigkeit, aus der Art der Krafteinleitung in das Werkstück während der Umformung resultieren, ermöglich es der Wegfall von Schweißflanschen Material und damit auch Gewicht einzusparen. Auf Grund der genannten Vorteile gewinnt das Hydroformen beispielsweise im Automobilbau zunehmend an Bedeutung, da es besonders hier ein stetes Optimierungsziel ist, Kraftstoffverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen zu reduzieren, die Sicherheit für den Fahrgast zu erhöhen oder den verfügbaren Nutzraum zu vergrößern.While the good mechanical properties, such as the higher stiffness and strength, resulting from the type of force into the workpiece during forming, eliminating the possibility of welding flanges material and thus save weight. Due to the advantages mentioned, hydroforming is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry, for example The constant optimization goal is to reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions, to increase safety for the passenger or to increase the available working space.

Im Speziellen ist somit Hydroformen eine Technik, bei der das zu formende Bauteil mit Hilfe einer Flüssigkeit (auch Druckfluid) gegen ein Werkzeug gepresst wird. Der Vorteil hiervon besteht darin, dass mit einem teilbaren Werkzeug ein Produkt mit einer einheitlichen Form erzeugt werden kann. Außerdem ist es möglich, durch Hydroformen komplexe Formen zu realisieren. Ein Beispiel dafür ist der Übergang von rund zu eckig oder zu anderen Formen. Auch eine Kombination mehrerer Formen gehört in den Bereich der Möglichkeiten. Gleichzeitig kann man schärfere Ecken und höhere Maßhaltigkeit erreichen, abhängig von Flüssigkeitsdruck, der beispielsweise etwa 2.000 bis 4000 bar aber auch mehr betragen kann.In particular, hydroforming is thus a technique in which the component to be molded is pressed against a tool by means of a liquid (also pressurized fluid). The advantage of this is that a product with a uniform shape can be produced with a divisible tool. In addition, it is possible to realize complex forms by hydroforming. An example of this is the transition from round to square or to other shapes. Also a combination of several forms belongs in the range of possibilities. At the same time you can achieve sharper corners and higher dimensional accuracy, depending on fluid pressure, which may for example be about 2,000 to 4,000 bar but also more.

Hydroformen ist somit ein mittlerweile in vielen Branchen etablierter Herstellprozess für kompliziert geformte Bauteile, beispielsweise im Automobilbau bei der Herstellung von Nockenwellen aus rohrähnlichen Werkstücken. Bei diesen Verfahren wird das Werkstück dicht in ein teilbares Werkzeug eingespannt und mit einem als Druckübertragungsmittel dienenden Druckfluid solange belastet, bis sich die gewünschte Form durch Fließen des Werkstoffes einstellt. Der für diese Prozesse notwendige Druck wird in der Regel mit Kolbenpumpen erzeugt und resultiert aus den Werkstoffeigenschaften des jeweils zu verarbeiteten Metalls bei den gewählten Umgebungsbedingungen. Da in der Regel Stahlbleche oder Stahlprofile (z.B. Rohre) als Rohmaterial verwendet werden, sind für das Hydroformen komplizierter Bauteile bis zu 4000 bar notwendig. Die Beanspruchungen des Druckerzeugers sowie der Werkzeuge auf diesem Druckniveau sind beträchtlich und führen zu massiven kostenintensiven Konstruktionen und einer vergleichsweise hohen Ausfall- bzw. Schadenswahrscheinlichkeit.Hydroforming is thus an established in many industries manufacturing process for complicated shaped components, such as in the automotive industry in the production of camshafts from tube-like workpieces. In these methods, the workpiece is tightly clamped in a divisible tool and loaded with a pressure fluid serving as a pressure fluid until the desired shape is established by flow of the material. The pressure required for these processes is usually generated by piston pumps and results from the material properties of the metal to be processed at the selected ambient conditions. Since steel sheets or steel profiles (for example, pipes) are usually used as the raw material, hydroforming of complicated components up to 4000 bar is necessary. The stresses of the pressure generator and the tools at this pressure level are considerable and lead to massive cost-intensive designs and a relatively high failure or damage probability.

Zur Absenkung des erforderlichen Druckes werden daher die Bauteile vermehrt auch im warmen Zustand - d.h. mit einer heißen Druckflüssigkeit - hergestellt. Eine typische Druckflüssigkeit für solche Anwendungen ist das Thermoöl Marlotherm®, das bis etwa 300°C verwendet werden kann. Für viele Anwendungen der Zukunft ist diese Temperatur aber immer noch nicht hoch genug, da die Materialfestigkeit bei dieser Temperatur noch nicht wesentlich kleiner ist.To reduce the required pressure, therefore, the components are increasingly in the warm state - ie with a hot pressure fluid - produced. A typical printing fluid for such applications is the thermal oil Marlotherm®, which can be used up to about 300 ° C. For many applications of the future is but this temperature is still not high enough, because the material strength at this temperature is not much lower.

Aus diesem Grund ist schon in Erwägung gezogen worden, Gase als Druckfluid einzusetzen ( EP 0 930 109 A , DE 199 07 018 A1 , DE 102 40 876 A1 ). Der Nachteil hierbei ist jedoch, dass die Kompressionsleistung für diese Art von Fluid sehr viel größer ist als die bisher aufgebrachte Pumpenleistung und dass Kompressordimensionen nötig sind, die bisher noch nicht auf dem Markt erhältlich sind. Außerdem würde der Formprozess mehr Zeit beanspruchen. Als einziger Vorteil verbleibt damit die hohe erreichbare Temperatur, die jedoch mit einigen gravierenden Nachteilen erkauft wird.For this reason, it has already been considered to use gases as pressurized fluid ( EP 0 930 109 A . DE 199 07 018 A1 . DE 102 40 876 A1 ). The disadvantage here, however, is that the compression power for this type of fluid is much greater than the pumping capacity applied so far and that compressor dimensions are needed that are not yet available on the market. In addition, the molding process would take more time. The only advantage thus remains the high achievable temperature, which is, however, bought with some serious disadvantages.

Bei einem weiteren bekannten Verfahren zum Hydroformen von Bauteilen ( US 6,264,880 B1 ) kann ein zu verformendes Werkstück in ein teilbares Werkzeug eingelegt und mittels Druckgas zu einem Produkt mit der gewünschten Gestalt geformt werden. Hierbei wird das Druckgas durch Erhitzen einer fluidbildenden Zusammensetzung erzeugt, die in einem mit dem Inneren des zu formenden Bauteils verbundenen Behälter angeordnet wird. Durch das Erhitzen dieser fluidbildenden Zusammensetzung wird das zum Verformen des Bauteils erforderliche Druckgas erzeugt, wobei gleichzeitig auch das Werkstück erhitzt wird. Als fluidbildende bzw. gasbildende Zusammensetzung kann hierbei u.a. auch Lithiumnitrat, Kaliumnitrat usw. zur Anwendung gelangen, d.h. also solche Zusammensetzungen, die beim Erhitzen in den gasförmigen Zustand übergehen. Somit macht sich dieses bekannte Hydroformverfahren lediglich indirekte Eigenschaften der genannten fluidbildenden Zusammensetzungen zu Nutze, um Druckgas zu erzeugen.In another known method for hydroforming components ( US 6,264,880 B1 ) can be inserted into a divisible tool a workpiece to be deformed and formed by means of compressed gas to a product having the desired shape. In this case, the compressed gas is generated by heating a fluid-forming composition, which is arranged in a container connected to the interior of the component to be molded. By heating this fluid-forming composition, the pressure gas required for deforming the component is generated, at the same time the workpiece is heated. As a fluid-forming or gas-forming composition may in this case, inter alia, lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate, etc., are used, ie, such compositions that go on heating in the gaseous state. Thus, this known hydroforming method makes use of only indirect properties of said fluid-forming compositions in order to produce compressed gas.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, zur Vermeidung der geschilderten Nachteile ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Hydroformen von Bauteilen zu schaffen. Die Merkmale der zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe geschaffenen Erfindung ergeben sich aus Anspruch 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen hiervon sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben.The invention is based on the object to provide an improved method for hydroforming of components to avoid the disadvantages described. The features of the invention to solve this problem emerge from claim 1. Advantageous embodiments thereof are described in the further claims.

Bei dem Verfahren zum Hydroformen von Bauteilen, bei dem ein zu verformendes Werkstück in ein teilbares Werkzeug eingelegt und unter Anwendung von Druck auf ein als Druckübertragungsmittel dienendes Druckfluid zu einem Produkt mit der gewünschten Gestalt geformt wird, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass als Druckfluid eine ionische Flüssigkeit verwendet wird, die eine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit bis mindestens 550°C aufweist und aus einer organischen ionischen Flüssigkeit oder einer anorganischen ionischen Flüssigkeit oder aber aus einer Mischung aus diesen beiden Flüssigkeiten besteht.In the method of hydroforming components, in which a workpiece to be deformed is placed in a divisible tool and formed by applying pressure to a pressure fluid as a pressure transfer medium to a product having the desired shape, it is provided according to the invention that the pressure fluid is an ionic liquid is used, which has a high temperature resistance to at least 550 ° C and consists of an organic ionic liquid or an inorganic ionic liquid or a mixture of these two liquids.

Die erfindungsgemäß als Druckfluid zu verwendenden ionischen Flüssigkeiten sind derzeit bis mindestens 550° C verwendbar. Hierbei besteht eine typische Mischung aus Lithiumnitrat, Kaliumnitrat, Nitrit und Resten anderer Inhaltsstoffe. Es können aber auch mit noch zu schaffenden ionischen Flüssigkeiten anderer Art höhere Temperaturen erreicht werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Gruppe der ionischen Flüssigkeiten ist ihre chemische Inertheit, so dass kaum Angriffe auf Werkstoffe zu befürchten sind. Außerdem reduziert sich auf Grund des extrem niedrigen Dampfdruckes die Geruchsbelastung im Fertigungsumfeld und sorgt somit auch für weniger Druckflüssigkeitsverlust durch Verdampfung.The ionic liquids to be used according to the invention as pressurized fluid are currently usable up to at least 550.degree. This is a typical mixture of lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate, nitrite and other ingredients. But it can also higher with yet to be created ionic liquids of another kind Temperatures are reached. Another advantage of the group of ionic liquids is their chemical inertness, so that hardly any attacks on materials are to be feared. In addition, due to the extremely low vapor pressure, the odor load in the manufacturing environment is reduced and thus also ensures less pressure fluid loss through evaporation.

Neben der hohen Temperaturbeständigkeit ist gleichermaßen von Bedeutung die bei den ionischen Flüssigkeiten bereits nachgewiesene Drucksteifigkeit. Hierbei haben Untersuchungen mit verschiedenen Flüssigkeiten deutlich geringere Kompressibilitäten als die von Wasser gezeigt, wobei Öl ungefähr die doppelte Kompressibilität wie Wasser aufweist. Damit ist in vorteilhafter Weise eine Reduktion der Kompressibilität auf etwa 30 % möglich. Der Vorteil dieser Eigenschaft liegt in der Reduktion der Förderleistung bei 4000 bar um etwa 30 %.In addition to the high temperature resistance is equally important in the ionic liquids already proven compressive stiffness. Here, studies with different fluids have shown significantly lower compressibilities than that of water, with oil having about twice the compressibility as water. This advantageously makes it possible to reduce the compressibility to about 30%. The advantage of this feature lies in the reduction of the flow rate at 4000 bar by about 30%.

Fig. 1 zeigt hierbei in einer Tabelle einen deutlichen Vergleich der Kompressibilität und des Volumenverlustes pro 100 bar bei Wasser sowie einigen organischen ionischen Flüssigkeiten. Die in dieser Tabelle aufgeführten Werte wurden bei Drücken bis 2000 bar und 200°C Gleichzeitigkeitsbelastung geprüft, wobei diese organischen ionischen Flüssigkeiten als stabil erkannt wurden. Fig. 1 shows in a table a clear comparison of the compressibility and the volume loss per 100 bar for water and some organic ionic liquids. The values listed in this table were tested at pressures up to 2000 bar and 200 ° C simultaneity loading, whereby these organic ionic liquids were recognized to be stable.

Wie dargelegt, ist es erfindungsgemäß auch möglich, anstelle dieser organischen ionischen Flüssigkeiten auch anorganische ionische Flüssigkeiten (bzw. Mischungen hiervon) anzuwenden, die ebenfalls die beschriebenen Vorteile zeigen.As stated, it is also possible according to the invention, instead of these organic ionic liquids and inorganic ionic liquids (or mixtures thereof) to apply, which also show the advantages described.

Erfindungsgemäß kann das Hydroform-Verfahren auch über einen gesteuerten Prozess betrieben werden, und zwar mit Temperaturen über der Grenztemperatur, z.B. 300 oder auch 550° C, wobei aber unter Atmosphärendruck die vorgenannte Grenztemperatur nicht überschritten wird.According to the invention, the hydroforming process can also be operated by a controlled process, with temperatures above the limit temperature, e.g. 300 or 550 ° C, but under atmospheric pressure, the aforementioned limit temperature is not exceeded.

Lediglich des Verständnisses halber sei an dieser Stelle dargelegt, dass die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden ionischen Flüssigkeiten (engl.: lonic Liquids = IL) Flüssigkeiten sind, die ausschließlich Ionen enthalten. Es handelt sich also um flüssige Salze, ohne dass das Salz dabei in einem Lösungsmittel wie Wasser gelöst ist. Es sollen also unter ionischen Flüssigkeiten solche Substanzen verstanden werden, die aus Kationen und Anionen bestehen. Hierbei sind auch Mischungen von mehreren Kationen und Anionen möglich. Die ionischen Flüssigkeiten haben in ihrer Reinform, die durch die Abwesenheit von nichtionischen Bestandteilen gekennzeichnet ist, einen Schmelzpunkt von unter 100° C, vorzugsweise sogar unterhalb von 25° C.For the sake of comprehension, it should be stated at this point that the ionic liquids to be used according to the invention (lonic liquids = IL) are liquids which contain only ions. These are liquid salts without the salt being dissolved in a solvent such as water is. Thus, ionic liquids should be understood as meaning substances which consist of cations and anions. In this case, mixtures of several cations and anions are possible. The ionic liquids in their pure form, which is characterized by the absence of nonionic constituents, have a melting point of below 100 ° C., preferably even below 25 ° C.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es möglich, dass man die als Druckfluid verwendete ionische Flüssigkeit indirekt auf das zu formende Bauteil über Gas einwirken lässt, das zuerst in das Bauteil und/oder in einen davor befindlichen Raum eingefüllt wurde.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is possible that the ionic liquid used as pressurized fluid can be indirectly act on the component to be formed via gas, which was first filled in the component and / or in a space in front of it.

Hierbei kann vorgesehen sein, das Gas mit Hilfe eines aus ionischer Flüssigkeit gebildeten Flüssigkeitskolbens zu komprimieren.In this case, it may be provided to compress the gas with the aid of a liquid piston formed from ionic liquid.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn das zu formende Bauteil vor der Beaufschlagung mit dem durch die ionische Flüssigkeit komprimierten Gas vorgewärmt wird.Further advantages are obtained if the component to be molded is preheated before being charged with the gas compressed by the ionic liquid.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass man die ionische Flüssigkeit auf das Gas über ein dazwischen angeordnetes Zwischenmittel einwirken lässt. Hierbei kann als Zwischenmittel entweder eine Vorlageplatte und/oder eine weitere Flüssigkeit verwendet werden, die auf der ionischen Flüssigkeit schwimmt.It is within the scope of the invention that the ionic liquid is allowed to act on the gas via an intermediate agent arranged therebetween. In this case, as intermediate means either a template plate and / or a further liquid can be used, which floats on the ionic liquid.

Füllt man das zu formende Bauteil - und ggf. auch noch einen davor befindlichen Raum, eine Kammer oder ein Rohrsystem - zuerst mit Gas, ggf. bereits mit einem bestimmten Druck, und komprimiert sodann dieses Gas mittels eines aus ionischen Flüssigkeiten gebildeten Flüssigkolbens, so wird durch die Kompression das Gas und damit auch das Bauteil erwärmt. Die ionische Flüssigkeit erfährt an der Grenzfläche zum Gas dieselbe Temperatur bzw. durch die Wärmeaufnahme in der ionischen Flüssigkeit eine etwas geringere Temperatur. Hierbei ist von Bedeutung, dass viele ionische Flüssigkeiten wenig Gas aufnehmen.If you fill the component to be molded - and possibly even a space in front, a chamber or a pipe system - first with gas, possibly already with a certain pressure, and then compresses this gas by means of a liquid piston formed from ionic liquids, so is heated by the compression of the gas and thus the component. The ionic liquid experiences the same temperature at the interface with the gas or a slightly lower temperature due to the heat absorption in the ionic liquid. It is important that many ionic liquids absorb little gas.

Der Vorteil dieser Vorgehensweise besteht darin, dass lediglich durch das technisch relativ einfach Pumpen der ionischen Flüssigkeit das Gas verdichtet werden kann. Die für das Pumpen erforderliche Maschinentechnik ist bereits verfügbar, wobei der Energiebedarf für derartige Maschinen deutlich kleiner ist als bei der Arbeit mit reinem Gas als Druckmedium.The advantage of this procedure is that the gas can be compressed only by the technically relatively simple pumping of the ionic liquid. The machine technology required for pumping is already available, with the energy requirement for such machines being significantly lower than when working with pure gas as the pressure medium.

Es liegt außerdem im Rahmen der Erfindung, das Bauteil vorzuwärmen und sodann mit Gas zu deformieren, das mit einem aus ionischer Flüssigkeit gebildeten Flüssigkolben komprimiert wird. Das Gas wird in diesem Fall wegen der geringeren Wärmekapazität nur wenig kühlend wirken, so dass damit das Bauteil seine hohe Vonrvärmtemperatur weitgehend beibehalten wird.It is also within the scope of the invention to preheat the component and then to deform it with gas which is compressed with a liquid piston formed from ionic liquid. In this case, because of the lower heat capacity, the gas will have little cooling effect, so that the component will largely retain its high heating temperature.

Wie schon dargelegt, ist es außerdem möglich, dass der Flüssigkolben auch mit einer Vorlageplatte, die dem Wärme- und Diffusionsschutz dient, oder einer weiteren Flüssigkeit ergänzt wird, die auf der als Druckfluid dienenden ionischen Flüssigkeit schwimmt.As already stated, it is also possible that the liquid piston is also supplemented with a template plate, which serves to protect against heat and diffusion, or another liquid which floats on the ionic liquid serving as pressurized fluid.

Die ionische Flüssigkeit kann schließlich bei entsprechender Gestaltung der Hydroform-Anlage in der Pumpe eine andere (niedrigere) Temperatur haben als im Kontaktbereich zum Gas.The ionic liquid can finally, with appropriate design of the hydroforming system in the pump have a different (lower) temperature than in the contact area to the gas.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, sind dort einige Fördergradkurven in Abhängigkeit vom Förderdruck dargestellt, wobei deutlich ersichtlich ist, dass die Anwendung einer ionischen Flüssigkeit (IL) als Hydraulikflüssigkeit einen deutlich höheren Fördergrad erzielt als dies bei klassischen Hydraulikflüssigkeiten der Fall ist.How out Fig. 2 As can be seen, there are some Fördergradkurven depending on the delivery pressure shown, where it is clear that the application of an ionic liquid (IL) as a hydraulic fluid significantly higher flow rate achieved than is the case with classic hydraulic fluids.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for hydroforming components, in which a workpiece to be formed is placed in a separable mould and is formed into a product of the desired configuration by the application of pressure to a fluid for pressure which acts as a means of transmitting pressure, characterised in that what is used as the fluid for pressure in the hydroforming is an ionic liquid which has a high temperature resistance of up to at least 550°C and which comprises an organic ionic liquid or an inorganic ionic liquid or a mixture thereof.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the ionic liquid which is used as the fluid for pressure is caused to act on the component to be formed indirectly via a gas with which the component, and/or a space situated in front of the component, is first filled.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the gas is compressed by a piston of liquid formed from ionic liquid.
  4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the component to be formed is pre-heated before having the gas compressed by the ionic liquid applied to it.
  5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the ionic liquid is caused to act on the gas via an intermediate means arranged between the two.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that an insert plate is used as the intermediate means.
  7. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that a further liquid, which floats on the ionic liquid, is used as the intermediate means.
EP07856575A 2006-12-13 2007-12-11 Method for hydroforming components Not-in-force EP2107953B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006060287 2006-12-13
PCT/EP2007/010827 WO2008071396A1 (en) 2006-12-13 2007-12-11 Method for hydroforming components

Publications (2)

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EP2107953A1 EP2107953A1 (en) 2009-10-14
EP2107953B1 true EP2107953B1 (en) 2010-11-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07856575A Not-in-force EP2107953B1 (en) 2006-12-13 2007-12-11 Method for hydroforming components

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EP (1) EP2107953B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE487549T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502007005635D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008071396A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007034353A1 (en) * 2007-07-24 2009-01-29 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Use of ionic liquids for chipless forming of metallic workpieces

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9727063D0 (en) * 1997-12-23 1998-02-18 Gkn Sankey Ltd A hydroforming process
US6264880B1 (en) * 1998-07-22 2001-07-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Manifold free multiple sheet superplastic forming
DE19907018B4 (en) * 1999-02-19 2006-08-24 Vaw Alutubes Gmbh Process for deforming hollow bodies of metal
JP3761820B2 (en) * 2001-09-04 2006-03-29 アイシン高丘株式会社 Metal member forming method

Also Published As

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EP2107953A1 (en) 2009-10-14
ATE487549T1 (en) 2010-11-15
WO2008071396A1 (en) 2008-06-19
DE502007005635D1 (en) 2010-12-23

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