EP2104618A1 - Safety element having an optically variable element - Google Patents
Safety element having an optically variable elementInfo
- Publication number
- EP2104618A1 EP2104618A1 EP07847008A EP07847008A EP2104618A1 EP 2104618 A1 EP2104618 A1 EP 2104618A1 EP 07847008 A EP07847008 A EP 07847008A EP 07847008 A EP07847008 A EP 07847008A EP 2104618 A1 EP2104618 A1 EP 2104618A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- security element
- substrate
- pigment
- layer
- electromagnetic radiation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/373—Metallic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B42D2035/24—
Definitions
- the invention relates to a substrate having a security element which has at least one optically variable color with pigments.
- the individual pigments consist of at least one interference-capable, multi-layered structure.
- data carriers such as bank notes or cards
- optically variable security elements To protect against imitation, especially with color copiers or other reproduction methods, data carriers, such as bank notes or cards, are equipped with optically variable security elements.
- the protection against counterfeiting is based on the fact that the visually and simply and clearly recognizable, visually variable effect is not or only insufficiently reproduced by the abovementioned reproduction devices.
- Optically variable security elements are, for example, thin-film elements which consist of a reflector layer, a dielectric and an absorber layer. If the security element is viewed from the absorber side, the viewer perceives a certain color, which changes as the viewing angle changes.
- the cause of the color shift is an interference effect between the light rays reflected from the surface of the outer partially transmissive layer (absorber layer) and the light rays passing through the outer partially transmissive and middle dielectric layers and from the inner metal reflector layer to the partially transmissive layer be reflected.
- the light beams are then either transmitted to the outside or reflected again at the partially transparent layer, so that in this case the light beams are repeatedly reflected back and forth between the reflection layer and the partially transparent layer.
- the light rays passing through the thin film layer have occur longer than the light rays reflected on the surface of the thin-film layer so that they are out of phase with each other when interfering with them.
- the path of the light rays traversed in the thin-film layer is of different lengths. This difference results from the path difference of the beams reflected multiple times within the thin film layer due to the angle of incidence. Therefore, the phase angle of the interfering light beams is different depending on the angle of incidence, so that depending on the angle of incidence different colors or hues of the resulting, perceived by the observer light beam result.
- Such thin film elements may be used in the form of films, e.g. described in WO 2005/108110.
- a security element with a thin-film layer is known, in which the individual layers are arranged over the whole area on the security element.
- markings in the form of patterns, letters, numbers or images are introduced by the action of laser radiation.
- the layer sequence contains a marking layer composed of a color mixture which has a mixture component which absorbs the laser radiation and a mixture component transparent to the laser radiation. The markings are visually and / or mechanically recognizable due to an irreversible change in the optical properties of the paint mixture caused by the action of the laser radiation.
- pigmented thin-film elements are known, which are mixed into an ink.
- EP 0 227423 Bl describes thin film layered elements with a symmetrical structure to ensure that the pigment looks the same from every side.
- Each of the thin film elements is composed of a five-layered thin film composed of an inner metal reflector layer, a lower and upper dielectric layer having a refractive index of 1.65 or less, and an outer semi-opaque layer, respectively.
- the five-layer thin film causes a color shift on the side facing the observer, ie a change between two different colors or shades at a first and a second viewing angle. For example, the optically variable color appears magenta from a given viewing angle and green from a different viewing angle. If a viewer tilts a data carrier onto which such optically variable ink has been applied, it perceives a color change from magenta to green or vice versa.
- the invention has for its object to design a security element with interference-capable pigments forgery-proof.
- the invention encompasses both a substrate with a security element and a data carrier with a substrate with a security element.
- the data carrier is in particular a value document, such as a banknote, a security, a credit or identity card, a passport, a document and the like, a label, a packaging or another element for product assurance.
- the pigments of the optically variable color of the security element are irreversibly changed in at least a subarea by means of electromagnetic radiation in such a way that the interference effect is visibly and / or mechanically clearly changed or completely eliminated in this subarea.
- the irreversible change of a pigment occurs, on the one hand, by the change in the optical properties of at least one layer of the pigment, i. in particular the transparency, the reflectivity, the direction of polarization and the color or hue of the pigment.
- the irreversible change of a pigment takes place by an at least partial displacement of at least one layer of the pigment.
- a layer of the pigment is not removed, evaporated or converted, but at least partially removed from its original position within the layer structure and moved to a new position within the layer structure. This is achieved, for example, by reducing the thickness of a layer at one point while increasing the thickness of one layer at another, in particular the adjacent point.
- the pigments or the pigmented thin-film elements are preferably five layers. They consist of a central reflective layer, two dielectric layers surrounding the central reflective layer on each side, and two outer partially transparent layers. As materials for these layers are used in particular:
- the middle reflection layer all reflective substances, in particular metals such as aluminum or copper, for the dielectric layers S1O2 (silicon dioxide), ZrCh (zirconium dioxide) or ⁇ O2 (titanium dioxide) or other transparent substances,
- a pigment thus consists of a lower semitransparent layer of chromium and / or nickel followed by a dielectric layer of silicon dioxide, a central reflective layer of aluminum, which is again followed by a dielectric layer of silicon dioxide on the opposite side, and finally from an upper semi-permeable
- Layer of chromium and / or nickel Light impinging on the top or bottom of the pigment is partially reflected and partially transmitted by the partially transmissive layer. The latter portion passes through the dielectric layer, which has a different refractive index than the partially transmissive layer, and is reflected back from the reflective layer and, after passing through the dielectric layer, is split again into a transmitted and a reflected portion.
- the invention is not limited only to five-layered pigments but is applicable to any single or multi-layered pigments which produce an optically variable effect.
- optically variable layers are known from the prior art which, starting from the reflection layer in the direction of the viewer, have more than two layers.
- the invention can also be applied to pigments which are produced from such optically variable layers and thus have more than five layers.
- the at least one changed layer by the electromagnetic radiation is advantageously the outermost layer of the pigment which facing direction of movement.
- pigments having a five-layer structure it is thus the partially permeable layer which, after the irradiation, is no longer semipermeable, but is preferably transparent.
- Influencing an interference-capable layer structure succeeds whenever the reflection minimum of the interference-capable layer structure largely coincides with the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
- either the angle of incidence or the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation can be adapted to the reflection minimum of the intervening layer structure.
- the reflection minima are known to shift to shorter wavelengths, so that almost always a suitable angle can be found, in which an influence of the structure takes place.
- the security element it is not only possible to apply a single pigment color to the substrate, but also to apply a mixture of at least two pigment colors or several interference layers one above the other onto the security element, of which only one has a suitable reflection minimum and thus only one pigment color can be selectively changed .
- a mixture of at least one pigment color and at least one printing ink or another effect color such as, for example, a paint based on choleric liquid crystals or thermal inks, onto the security element.
- the further effect color may also be applied via the pigment color, as long as it is transparent to the laser wavelength and at least in parts of the visible spectrum.
- a multilayer film body is for example a credit or identity card, wherein the security element according to the invention is located inside the film body and is covered by a transparent film.
- a security element according to the invention on a security, such as a security device. a banknote to cover through a transparent film.
- the substrate is printed on the front and / or the back and the printing recognizable in transmitted light. This has the advantage that different information can be seen in transmitted light and reflected light.
- viewing in incident light is illumination of an object from one side and observation of the object from the same side.
- a reflection in incident light is thus present, for example, when the front of the object is illuminated and also viewed.
- a reflection in transmitted light in the sense of this invention is an illumination of an object from one side and a viewing of the object from another side, in particular the opposite side.
- a reflection in transmitted light is thus present, for example, when the return side of the object illuminated and the front of the object is considered. The light thus shines through the object.
- the security element consists at least partially of a transparent film which is printed with the pigment colors.
- the irradiation with electromagnetic radiation advantageously takes place on the upper side of the printing or on the lower side through the transparent film.
- the irradiation with electromagnetic energy can also take place on both sides of the film. In reflected light, only the change caused by the irradiation on the respective side is visible; in transmitted light, however, no information is visible anymore.
- the pigments are lurking or carbonized by the electromagnetic radiation.
- this provides further design options for a security element. For ablation or carbonization, significantly higher energy densities are required than for the destruction of a pigment layer.
- the source of the electromagnetic radiation laser sources are preferably used. Pulsed Nd: Y AG lasers, Nd: YVO4 lasers, CO2 lasers or other types of lasers in the wavelength range from UV to far-infrared are particularly suitable, and the lasers are often also advantageous with frequency multiplication with an average light power of between 0.5 W and 2 W, thus preferably with a pulse energy between 10 ⁇ j and 100 ⁇ j.
- laser sources are used in the near infrared, since this wavelength range is good for the absorption properties of the substrates used for value documents and Ink fits. For example, it is easy to specify for this range printing inks which are transparent to the laser radiation but opaque and colored in the visible spectral range for the human observer.
- infrared lasers in the wavelength range from 0.8 .mu.m to 3 .mu.m in particular Nd: Y AG laser or Nd: YVGvLaser be used. If lasers with higher power are used, the pulse energy can be reduced to the necessary level by fading, beam splitting, absorption filters, defocusing or similar known methods. Alternatively, the laser frequency can be increased accordingly.
- vectors can be inscribed in the layer sequence, which is advantageous, above all, for fast inscriptions.
- a Nd: Y AG laser with a pulse frequency of, for example, 20 kHz, a power between 0.5 W and 2 W, and a diameter of the focus of the laser between 70 .mu.m to 300 .mu.m, particularly advantageously 100 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m become.
- the working distance between the lens and the substrate is chosen to be slightly less than that required for optimal focusing in order to achieve a slight defocusing of the laser spot. If the focus diameter is chosen to be larger than the advantageous setting, with uniform energy distribution in the beam (top hat) and correspondingly higher pulse energy with one pulse even larger areas can be changed and thus the labeling speed can be increased at the expense of the resolution.
- the laser is chosen to be energetically modulatable from pulse to pulse, a color gradient of the interference effect can be achieved.
- different color gradients are present at different points or at different depths of the substrate.
- the pigment or absorbing color components completely or partially ablated / carbonized without effort
- the substrate with the security element according to the invention is used in particular to increase the security against forgery of documents of value, such as banknotes, checks, shares, identity cards, entrance tickets, tickets, certificates, credit cards, check cards and the like.
- the substrate with the security element according to the invention can be combined with any other security feature, in particular within a value document.
- the substrate with the security element according to the invention can be applied over a security thread, combined with a hologram or diffractive structures, or arranged alongside or overlapping with other optically variable structures.
- Fig. 2 layer structure of a single pigment in side view and this
- FIG. 2b after irradiation with electromagnetic energy;
- FIG. Fig. 3 substrate with a security element according to the invention in supervision and in this case
- a security element 2 is arranged on a surface of a substrate 1.
- the security element 2 consists of an optically variable color 3, in the pigments 4 are embedded.
- a partial region 6 of the optically variable color 3 is irradiated by electromagnetic energy, for example in the form of a laser beam 5.
- optically variable color 3 for example, the color O VI ® 9Z 3050A Fa. Sicpa with pigments from the company. Flex with a color change of
- FIG. 2 shows a lateral cross section through a pigment 4.
- the pigment 4 which is still unaffected by the laser beam 5, consists of a central reflection layer 7, a dielectric layer 81 on its underside, a dielectric layer 82 on its upper side, and a partially transparent layer 91 on the dielectric layer 81 and a partially transparent layer 92 on the dielectric layer 82.
- the partially permeable layer 92 lies on the side of the pigment 4 facing the laser beam 5, whereas the partially transparent layer 91 is covered by the reflection layer 7. If a laser beam 5 now strikes the pigment 4, only the partially transparent layer 92 is influenced according to FIG. 2b with a suitable irradiation intensity and wavelength of the light of the laser beam 5.
- the optical properties of the partially transparent layer 92 are changed, so that, for example, the transmissivity of the partially transparent layer 92 is increased, i. the color change is changed.
- the partially transparent layer 92 is almost completely transparent, so that the viewer only perceives the color of the reflection layer 7. If this is metallic or silvery matt or shiny, the pigment 4 only appears silvery for the observer.
- the laser beam 5 thus alters the partially transmissive layer 92 of the optically variable color 3.
- a change in the color change is accompanied by For example, achieved in Silvery, depending on the irradiance of the laser beam 5, a part of the optically variable effect is maintained. The lower the irradiance of the laser beam 5, the more the optically variable effect is retained.
- the location affected by the laser beam 5 is clearly visible in FIG. 3a when viewed in incident light, e.g. as a silvery spot with a changed color change or as an exclusively silvery spot without further color change.
- the optically variable ink 3 When the optically variable ink 3 is printed on a partially or completely transparent substrate, the optically variable color, as viewed in transmitted light both in the areas affected by the laser beam 5 and in the uninfluenced areas, appears in a nearly uniform hue, e.g. uniform gray.
- the spot influenced by the laser beam 5 thus does not stand out in transmitted light with respect to the unaffected areas, since pigments were only influenced in individual layers by the laser beam 5, whereas the almost opaque reflection layer 7 remained unaffected. Thus, the total transmittance and the optical density of the pigments were not changed.
- the reflection layer 7 of the pigments 4 is made semitransparent, so that light which falls on the side of the substrate 1 which faces away from the security element 2 can shine through the pigments 4;
- the optically variable color 3 is mixed with a transparent color (e.g., STEP) so as to reduce the areal density of the pigments 4.
- a transparent color e.g., STEP
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL07847008T PL2104618T3 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-06 | Safety element having an optically variable element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006062281A DE102006062281A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Substrate for use with safety feature, has pigments of optically variable color of safety features that are irreversibly changed in partition by electromagnetic radiation |
PCT/EP2007/010578 WO2008080499A1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-06 | Safety element having an optically variable element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2104618A1 true EP2104618A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
EP2104618B1 EP2104618B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
Family
ID=39111470
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07847008.5A Not-in-force EP2104618B1 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2007-12-06 | Safety element having an optically variable element |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2104618B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007341700B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2671611C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006062281A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2104618T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2429978C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008080499A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008028187A1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Security element with optically variable element. |
DE102009058603A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-22 | Giesecke & Devrient GmbH, 81677 | Value document system and method of manufacturing the same |
DE102010006173A1 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | Giesecke & Devrient GmbH, 81677 | Security element with extended color shift effect and thermochromic additional function |
FR2961621B1 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2014-09-05 | Arjowiggins Security | METHOD OF AUTHENTICATING AND / OR IDENTIFYING A SECURITY ARTICLE |
DE102011116491A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Microcapsule and use of the same, microcapsules having security element and with the same equipped disk |
EP2946938B1 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2017-04-12 | Merck Patent GmbH | Method for the laser treatment of coatings |
DE102017003281A1 (en) | 2017-04-04 | 2018-10-04 | Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh | Security element with relief structure and manufacturing method therefor |
DE102021005870A1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-06-01 | Giesecke+Devrient Mobile Security Gmbh | Security feature for an identification document, identification document and method for producing a security feature |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5766738A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1998-06-16 | Flex Products, Inc. | Paired optically variable article with paired optically variable structures and ink, paint and foil incorporating the same and method |
PT1849621E (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2014-06-03 | Jds Uniphase Corp | Optically variable security devices |
DE10349000A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-05-19 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Security element with color shift effect |
EP1719636A1 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-08 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Black-to-color shifting security element |
-
2006
- 2006-12-22 DE DE102006062281A patent/DE102006062281A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-12-06 RU RU2009127521/12A patent/RU2429978C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-06 EP EP07847008.5A patent/EP2104618B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-12-06 CA CA2671611A patent/CA2671611C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-06 PL PL07847008T patent/PL2104618T3/en unknown
- 2007-12-06 WO PCT/EP2007/010578 patent/WO2008080499A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-12-06 AU AU2007341700A patent/AU2007341700B2/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2008080499A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2671611C (en) | 2015-08-11 |
EP2104618B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
WO2008080499A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
CA2671611A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
AU2007341700A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
RU2009127521A (en) | 2011-01-27 |
PL2104618T3 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
AU2007341700B2 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
RU2429978C2 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
DE102006062281A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
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