EP2099390A2 - Vorrichtungen zur formung gekrümmter oder in sich geschlossener strukturen - Google Patents

Vorrichtungen zur formung gekrümmter oder in sich geschlossener strukturen

Info

Publication number
EP2099390A2
EP2099390A2 EP08702624A EP08702624A EP2099390A2 EP 2099390 A2 EP2099390 A2 EP 2099390A2 EP 08702624 A EP08702624 A EP 08702624A EP 08702624 A EP08702624 A EP 08702624A EP 2099390 A2 EP2099390 A2 EP 2099390A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segments
elongated element
adjacent
configuration
leading portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08702624A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Tzony Siegal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nonlinear Technologies Ltd
Original Assignee
Nonlinear Technologies Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nonlinear Technologies Ltd filed Critical Nonlinear Technologies Ltd
Publication of EP2099390A2 publication Critical patent/EP2099390A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/885—Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein
    • A61B17/8852—Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein capable of being assembled or enlarged, or changing shape, inside the bone or disc
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4611—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/4465—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/302—Three-dimensional shapes toroidal, e.g. rings
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30289—Three-dimensional shapes helically-coiled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30471—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements connected by a hinged linkage mechanism, e.g. of the single-bar or multi-bar linkage type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/305—Snap connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30505—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism spring biased
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30507—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a threaded locking member, e.g. a locking screw or a set screw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
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    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30565—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having spring elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30579—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with mechanically expandable devices, e.g. fixation devices
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    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30594—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for slotted, e.g. radial or meridian slot ending in a polar aperture, non-polar slots, horizontal or arcuate slots
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    • A61F2002/4415—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs elements of the prosthesis being arranged in a chain like manner
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    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0091—Three-dimensional shapes helically-coiled or spirally-coiled, i.e. having a 2-D spiral cross-section
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for forming curved structures.
  • PCT patent application publication no. WO 2006/072941 teaches a wide range of devices and corresponding applications in which an elongated element is introduce into a body in a straightened configuration and then assumes a curved or coiled configuration within the body.
  • the aforementioned publication is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety, and will be referred to below as the '941 publication.
  • the present invention is a device for forming structurally stable curved structures and/or closed loops.
  • a device for forming structurally stable curved structures comprising an elongated element formed from a plurality of segments sequentially interconnected so as to form an effective hinge between adjacent of the segments, the segments and the effective hinges being configured such that the effective hinges allow deflection of each segment relative to adjacent segments between a reduced-curvature state and a flexed state, wherein adjacent of the segments are provided with interlocking features together forming an inter-segment locking configuration such that, when the segments are deflected from the reduced- curvature state to the flexed state, the interlocking features interlock adjacent of the segments so as to retain the segments in the flexed state corresponding to a predefined curved configuration of the elongated element.
  • the interlocking features include a projecting spring element projecting from each of a plurality of the segments and deployed for interlocking engagement with a cooperating recess in adjacent of the segments.
  • the projecting spring element is integrally formed with each of the plurality of segments.
  • each of the effective hinges is formed by a flat connecting portion of flexible material interconnecting between adjacent of the segments.
  • each of the fiat connecting portions is integrally formed with adjacent of the segments.
  • each of the flat connecting portions is resiliently biased to deflect the segments to the flexed state so that the elongated element tends to assume the predefined curved configuration.
  • each of the segments is formed as a non-hollow block of material. According to a further feature of the present invention, each of the segments is formed as a hollow block of material.
  • the elongated element further includes a beveled distal tip angled so as to tend to deflect the elongated element into the fully flexed state as the elongated element advances through a medium.
  • At least one fixation arrangement for fixing a part of the elongated element relative to a body such that the elongated element forms at least part of an implant.
  • a length of the elongated element is at least ten times greater than each transverse dimension of the elongated element.
  • the predefined curved configuration includes a helix.
  • lateral surfaces of the segments are formed with complementary interlocking features so as to inhibit lateral displacement of successive coils of the helix.
  • a delivery conduit having a passageway shaped to allow delivery of the elongated element along the passageway, the delivery conduit including deflecting features arranged so as to force adjacent of the segments into the flexed state as the elongated element is advanced through the delivery conduit, thereby forming the predefined curved configuration in a portion of the elongated element emerging from the delivery conduit.
  • a leading portion and a rear portion of the elongated element include features forming at least part of a loop-lock configuration, the loop-lock configuration being operative to lock together the leading portion and the rear portion so as to form a closed loop structure.
  • a device for forming closed loop structures comprising an elongated element formed from a plurality of segments sequentially interconnected so as to form an effective hinge between adjacent of the segments, the segments and the effective hinges being configured such that the effective hinges allow deflection of each segment relative to adjacent segments between a reduced-curvature state and a flexed state, wherein a leading portion and a rear portion of the elongated element include features forming at least part of a loop-lock configuration, the loop-lock configuration being operative to lock together the leading portion and the rear portion so as to form a closed loop structure.
  • the rear portion of the elongated element includes a cavity for receiving at least part of the leading portion.
  • the leading portion has a first width measured parallel to the effective hinge and the rear portion has a second width measured parallel to the effective hinge, the second width being greater than the first width. According to a further feature of the present invention, the leading portion is configured to engage an edge of the cavity.
  • the leading portion includes a shaped recess for engagement by a locking element.
  • the loop-lock configuration further includes an elongated locking element for engaging the shaped recess, and wherein the rear portion is formed with a bore for receiving the elongated locking element.
  • the elongated locking element and the bore are threaded.
  • the bore is a rearward-opening bore.
  • each of the effective hinges is formed by a flat connecting portion of flexible material interconnecting between adjacent of the segments.
  • each of the flat connecting portions is integrally formed with adjacent of the segments.
  • a delivery conduit having a passageway shaped to allow delivery of the elongated element along the passageway, the conduit including a lateral opening for accommodating at least part of the leading portion.
  • the conduit includes at least one feature configured to engage part of the leading portion, thereby providing part of the loop-lock configuration.
  • a device for forming closed loop structures comprising: (a) an elongated element formed from a plurality of segments sequentially interconnected so as to form an effective hinge between adjacent of the segments, the segments and the effective hinges being configured such that the effective hinges allow deflection of each segment relative to adjacent segments between a reduced-curvature state and a flexed state; and (b) a delivery conduit having a passageway shaped to allow delivery of the elongated element along the passageway, the delivery conduit being configured to remain interconnected with a rear portion of the elongate element, wherein a leading portion of the elongated element and the delivery conduit include features forming at least part of a loop-lock configuration, the loop-lock configuration being operative to lock together the leading portion and the conduit so as to form a closed loop structure.
  • FIGS. 1-4 are various isometric views of an elongated element of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, shown in its straightened, delivery configuration with the inter-segment locking configurations unlocked;
  • FIGS. 5-8 are various isometric views of the elongated element of Figures 1-4 shown in its curved state with the inter-segment locking configurations locking between adjacent segments;
  • FIGS. 9-11 are various isometric views of a terminal portion of a delivery conduit, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, for use with the elongated element of Figures 1-8;
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 are isometric views of a device, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, showing deployment of the elongated element of Figures 1-8 from the delivery conduit of Figures 9-11;
  • FIGS. 14-16 are two isometric views and one side view, respectively, of an alternative implementation of the elongated element of Figures 1-8 in which the elongated element is hollow;
  • FIGS. 17-20 are various isometric views of a further embodiment of an elongated element, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, illustrating an alternative non-limiting example of an intersegment locking configuration
  • FIGS. 21-25 are various views of a further embodiment of the present invention including a loop-lock configuration for forming and maintaining the elongated element into a closed loop structure;
  • FIGS. 26 and 27 are additional views showing the loop-lock configuration of Figures 21-25 together with a delivery conduit that forms part of the loop-lock configuration;
  • FIGS. 28-30 are various views showing a first variant of the loop-lock configuration of Figures 21-27;
  • FIGS. 31-34 are various views showing a second variant of the loop-lock configuration of Figures 21-27;
  • FIGS. 35 and 36 are views of an alternative implementation of an elongated element, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, illustrating an alternative non-limiting example of an inter-segment locking configuration.
  • the present invention is a device for forming structurally stable curved structures and/or closed loops.
  • the invention also provides methods for introducing such curved structures and loops into a body.
  • the principles and operation of devices and methods according to the present invention may be better understood with reference to the drawings and the accompanying description, and with reference to the aforementioned PCT patent application publication no. WO 2006/072941 ("the' 941 publication”), which is incorporated by reference herein. Except where specified otherwise, it should be assumed that the structure and function of the present invention, as well as the range of possible applications, details of materials and all other information are as described in the '941 publication.
  • the present invention relates primarily to a class of devices similar to those described in the '941 publication, namely, where an elongated element is introduced into a body in a straightened or low-curvature configuration and then assumes within the body a predefined curved configuration.
  • the elongated element is formed at least in part from a plurality of segments sequentially interconnected so as to form an effective hinge between adjacent of the segments.
  • the present invention differs primarily from the devices disclosed in the '941 publication by the presence of one or more of a number of preferred features. Specifically, according to a first set of additional features, the devices of the present invention provide an inter-segment locking configuration between at least some and preferably all pairs of adjacent segments configured to lock the relative positions of adjacent segments into their predefined curved configuration. This inter-segment locking configuration provides a high degree of structural stability and ensures a well defined deployed configuration in which the segments do not accidentally open towards their straightened insertion configuration.
  • the present invention provides a loop-lock configuration for anchoring the tip of the elongated element in relation to the following part of the element to form a structurally stable closed loop.
  • a part of the guide or conduit through which the elongated element is deployed may form part of the loop-lock configuration.
  • the loop-lock configuration may be used to advantage together with the inter-segment locking configuration to provide a particularly stable and strong ring-like structure useful in a wide range of applications.
  • the inter-segment locking configuration is used in combination with helical configurations such as those of Figures 10, 13, 14, 17A and 17B of the '941 publication.
  • the segments may advantageously include lateral projections and corresponding recesses to help maintain accurate superposition of successive coils of the helix.
  • An additional preferred feature of the present invention is provision of a delivery conduit with a terminal portion configured to ensure that a predetermined minimum curvature is achieved for the elongated element as it leaves the delivery conduit.
  • the conduit preferably ensures that the adjacent segments are locked into their deflected state as they are deployed.
  • the conduit also performs the reverse function, allowing for mechanical opening of the locking configuration and straightening of the elongated element in the case that the element is subsequently withdrawn via the conduit.
  • Figures 1-4 show a first embodiment of the elongated element, constructed and operative according to the teachings of the present invention, in its straightened state ready for delivery, and Figures 5-8 show the same element in its helical state.
  • the length of the element may be varied according to the desired application, and is typically longer than the single loop illustrated in some of these drawings. In most cases, the length of the elongated element is at least ten times greater than each of the transverse dimensions of the elongated element.
  • this and other embodiments of the present invention include an elongated element 10 formed from a plurality of segments 12 sequentially interconnected so as to form an effective hinge 14 between adjacent segments. Segments 12 and effective hinges 14 are configured such that effective hinges 14 allow deflection of each segment relative to adjacent segments between a reduced-curvature (typically straight or near-straight) state as shown in Figures 1-4 and a flexed state as shown in Figures 5-8.
  • a reduced-curvature typically straight or near-straight
  • Effective hinges 14 are preferably formed by a flat connecting portion of flexible material interconnecting between adjacent of the segments.
  • This flat connecting portions is preferably integrally formed with the adjacent segments 12. Most preferably, all of segments 12 and the flat connecting portions are integrally formed.
  • the element can thus be produced by selective removal of material from an initial block or tube.
  • the element can thus be formed by injection molding as a single body.
  • the effective hinges may be formed with an initial resilient bias to any particular desired state, such as for example a resilient bias towards the flexed state so that the elongated element tends to assume the predefined curved configuration.
  • adjacent of segments 12 are provided with interlocking features together forming an inter-segment locking configuration such that, when the segments are deflected from the reduced-curvature state to the flexed state, the interlocking features interlock adjacent of segments 12 so as to retain segments 12 in the flexed state corresponding to a predefined curved configuration of the elongated element.
  • the interlocking features include a projecting spring element 16 projecting from each segment 12 and deployed for interlocking engagement with a cooperating recess 18 in an adjacent segment 12.
  • projecting spring element 16 is integrally formed with the corresponding segment 12.
  • Projecting spring element 16 may extend forward for engaging a cooperating recess in the preceding (leading) segment, may extend backwards to engaging a cooperating recess in the following segment.
  • Projecting spring elements 16 on one or more segments may extend in both directions to engage recesses in two adjacent segments, and some segments may be implemented with recesses only.
  • the present invention can be used in a wide range of fields of application including, but not limited to, building, mining, industrial applications, carpentry, and medicine.
  • the "body" within which the device is deployed may be any body, including but not limited to: a human body; an animal body; wood; other biological materials; walls; furniture; minerals; and other inanimate objects.
  • the dimensions, materials and other design parameters for the device of the present invention are selected to render it suited to the intended application, as will be clear to one ordinarily skilled in the field of applications for which it is to be used.
  • Effective hinges 14 are thus integrally formed as flat connecting portions of flexible material interconnecting between adjacent segments.
  • the term "flat” is used in this context to refer to the cross-sectional shape, namely, that in cross-section along the effective axis of the hinge, the thickness of the integral hinge is significantly less than its width, thereby providing a well-defined direction of flexing.
  • the integral hinge may have significant length extending between segments 12 or may have minimal length (such as illustrated here). Effective hinges 14 preferably provide resistance to relative motion of adjacent segments 12 other than the intended hinged motion, thereby avoiding unwanted torsional deformation of elongated element 10.
  • elongated element 10 terminates in a beveled distal tip (not shown here, but similar to that illustrated in FIG. 16, below) angled so as to tend to deflect the elongated element into the fully flexed state as the elongated element advances through a medium.
  • the beveled distal tip preferably has a leading edge on the side from which the slots are cut and a bevel surface facing away from the side of slots.
  • This shape when advanced into a compressible or displaceable medium, tends to be deflected so as to follow a curved path, thereby bending elongated element 10 progressively towards its fully flexed curved form as it advances beyond delivery conduit 20.
  • the dimensions of the device of the present invention are chosen according to the intended application and the required predefined curved shape which is to be formed.
  • an element with a width and height of one meter or more may be used.
  • certain delicate medical applications may use an elongated element with a width and height of 5 millimeters or less.
  • lateral dimensions of 1-30 mm are suitable.
  • elongated element 10 is termed "elongated" in the sense that its length is significantly longer than both its width and its height.
  • a length of elongated element 10 is at least ten times greater than each transverse dimension (height and width) of the elongated element.
  • the device is configured to form a predefined curved configuration including an arc turning through an angle of at least 180°, and in many cases, passing through one or more complete revolutions as will be illustrated in a number of examples below.
  • the materials for the device of the present invention are also chosen according to the intended application and the mechanical and other properties which are required, and may be any suitable materials.
  • various metals and metal alloys referred to collectively as metallic materials
  • various plastics and other polymer materials are suitable.
  • Other possibilities include, but are not limited to, composite materials and ceramic materials.
  • biocompatible are used, typically either metallic materials or polymers such as PEEK.
  • at least one fixation arrangement is provided, for example, a hole for insertion of a bone screw (not shown) for fixing a part of the elongated element relative to the body.
  • the shape of the notch or recess 18 the shape of the complementary part of the spring element and the resilient properties of the spring element, it is possible to determine the resistance of the locking configuration to subsequent re-opening, as well as a desired degree of rigidity or flexibility in the locked state.
  • the locked arcuate state may provide significant flexibility (e.g., ability to resiliently vary the diameter of the coils) while retaining structural integrity.
  • an example with a relatively strong/stiff spring may provide a more rigid (i.e., fixed geometry) deployed state.
  • the locking configuration is preferably located on the far side of the segments from the hinged interconnection 14.
  • hinged interconnection 14 is at or near the outer extremity of the deployed curved form illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the locking configuration is most preferably at or near the radially innermost part of the segments.
  • this example of the invention has a predefined curved configuration which is axially progressive so as to form a helix (when extended more than one turn).
  • lateral surfaces of segments 12 are preferably formed with complementary interlocking features so as to inhibit lateral displacement of successive coils of the helix.
  • one side of segments 12 feature lateral projections 20 while the other side features recesses 22 to help maintain alignment of successive coils one upon another.
  • the projections and recesses are substantially cylindrical in shape. Other shapes, such as triangular wedge shapes etc. may also be used. These shapes provide a self-aligning or self-centering property for centering the projection within the recess.
  • Delivery conduit 24 having a passageway 26 shaped to allow delivery of elongated element 10 along the passageway.
  • Delivery conduit 24 preferably has deflecting features arranged so as to force adjacent segments 12 into the flexed state as elongated element 10 is advanced through delivery conduit 24, thereby forming the predefined curved configuration in a portion of elongated element 10 emerging from delivery conduit 24.
  • the deflecting features here include an inclined deflecting wall 28 that ensures that each segment is deflected relative to the previous segment prior to leaving the delivery conduit.
  • delivery conduit 24 The operation of the delivery conduit 24 is illustrated in Figures 12 and 13 where can be seen that a closed-coil helix forms, extending progressively laterally from the terminal portion of delivery conduit 24 as elongated element 10 is advanced.
  • delivery conduit 24 preferably has a suitably-shaped lateral cut-out on the side to which the coils are to be deployed.
  • the diameter and pitch of the helical form are determined by the geometrical parameters of the segments and the angular inclination of the pivotal interconnection between adjacent segments, all as detailed in the '941 publication. Also as detailed therein, it should be noted that the diameter and pitch may vary along the length of the element, and that other more complex forms may be made. In such cases, the dimensions and other parameters of the locking configuration may vary along the length of the elongated element.
  • the elongated element may have any cross-sectional shape, and may be solid or hollow.
  • Figures 14-16 illustrate an elongated element generally analogous to that of Figures 1-8, but which is hollow.
  • projecting spring elements 16 and cooperating recesses 18 are preferably implemented as a pair of spring elements, or a forked spring element 16, and a pair of recesses 18 per segment 12, formed using the wall thickness of the hollow structure.
  • Figures 17-20 show an alternative implementation in which adjacent segments 12 interlock by engagement of complementary undercut shapes 30.
  • interlocking occurs through slight lateral flexing between adjacent segments 12.
  • the flexibility required for this lateral flexing is provided by the effective hinges 14 between adjacent segments, here implemented as a leaf- spring that allows the required small degree of torsion.
  • the locking configuration may be implemented internally, i.e., so that the resilient elements 32 achieving the locking effect are covered, or at least substantially contained, within the structure when closed.
  • the resilient locking features are biased away from the effective hinges 14 between the segments and selectively engage under a correspondingly formed recess or ledge 34.
  • the effective hinges 14 for all of the embodiments illustrated herein may be implemented in a wide range of ways, whether integral to segments 12 themselves (e.g., with the entire element formed from an elongated rod cut out appropriately) or formed from a separate structure ("backbone") to which the individual segments 12 are attached.
  • the backbone may be of a different material from the segments themselves, chosen according to the intended application.
  • Options for materials for the backbone include, but are not limited to, metallic materials, various plastics and other polymers, and fabrics.
  • the device includes a loop-lock configuration for securing the elongated element into a closed loop.
  • a leading portion and a rear portion of elongated element 10 typically include features forming at least part of the loop-lock configuration.
  • part of the loop-lock configuration may be provided by features of the delivery conduit.
  • the loop-lock configuration thus forms a mechanically stable closed loop structure which is useful in a wide range of applications.
  • FIG. 21-27 A first implementation of a loop-lock configuration is illustrated in Figures 21-27.
  • a rear (i.e., later deployed) part 40 of elongated element 10 is formed with a shaped upper recess or cavity 42 for receiving at least part of the leading portion 44.
  • rear portion 40 and its cavity 42 have a width greater than that of leading portion 44 so that the leading portion can be accommodated within the cavity. In the example illustrated here, this is implemented by forming a number of segments 12 closest to the tip of elongated element with a narrower cross-section.
  • Leading portion 44 preferably includes a shaped recess 46 (best seen in
  • elongated locking element 48 is a threaded element (e.g., a bolt) received in a complementary threaded bore 50 formed in rear portion 40. Bore 50 intersects with cavity 42 and is aligned to engage shaped recess 46 so as to achieve locking of the closed-loop structure.
  • bore 50 is a rearward-opening bore accessible from the feed direction of the elongated element.
  • leading portion 44 enters the shaped upper cavity 42 as shown.
  • Figures 26 and 27 show elongated element 10 together with a delivery conduit 24 as described above.
  • shaped recess 46 may be implemented as a through-bore and bolt 48 with a corresponding axial projection, thereby providing positive engagement of the tip within the recess as illustrated in Figures 26 and 27.
  • Figures 28-30 illustrate an embodiment that is essentially similar to that of
  • Figures 21-27 but employs a conical-tipped bolt 48 as the locking element engaging a corresponding conical recess 46 without a through-bore.
  • the structure and operation of this embodiment is equivalent to that of Figure 21-27 above.
  • Figures 31-34 show an alternative approach to the loop-lock configuration in which shaped recess 46 is implemented as a side-to-side channel in leading portion 44.
  • leading portion 44 is preferably configured to engage either a suitably shaped edge of cavity 42 or, as in the case illustrated here, a static ridge formed in the delivery conduit 24 as best seen in Figure 33.
  • the engagement configuration provided by the side-to-side channel is preferably analogous to a barbed shape, facilitating initial engagement and retention of the device in its closed-loop state when leading portion 44 reaches the appropriate position.
  • a rotatable pin element 52 also seen in Figure 33 provides a cam-like release mechanism that allows disengagement of the tip in the case that the device is to be removed.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
EP08702624A 2007-01-09 2008-01-09 Vorrichtungen zur formung gekrümmter oder in sich geschlossener strukturen Withdrawn EP2099390A2 (de)

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US88402207P 2007-01-09 2007-01-09
US94742607P 2007-07-01 2007-07-01
PCT/IL2008/000043 WO2008084479A2 (en) 2007-01-09 2008-01-09 Devices for forming curved or closed-loop structures

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