EP2090836A2 - Système de stockage de chargement de couche et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de stockage de chargement de couche - Google Patents

Système de stockage de chargement de couche et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de stockage de chargement de couche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2090836A2
EP2090836A2 EP09001438A EP09001438A EP2090836A2 EP 2090836 A2 EP2090836 A2 EP 2090836A2 EP 09001438 A EP09001438 A EP 09001438A EP 09001438 A EP09001438 A EP 09001438A EP 2090836 A2 EP2090836 A2 EP 2090836A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
storage
water supply
volume
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09001438A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2090836A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Kröll
Jürgen Waidner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2090836A2 publication Critical patent/EP2090836A2/fr
Publication of EP2090836A3 publication Critical patent/EP2090836A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2240/00—Characterizing positions, e.g. of sensors, inlets, outlets
    • F24D2240/26—Vertically distributed at fixed positions, e.g. multiple sensors distributed over the height of a tank, or a vertical inlet distribution pipe having a plurality of orifices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stratified charge storage system for heating, storage and provision of a storage medium, as it applies in particular for the domestic hot water supply, and a method for its operation.
  • Generic stratified charge storage systems comprise a storage container containing the storage medium with connections to a cold water supply line and a cold water discharge line in the lower tank area, and with connections to a hot water supply line and a hot water outlet pipe in the upper tank area.
  • layer charge storage systems include a storage medium heating storage charging circuit having a heat exchanger with primary-side connection to a heat generator and secondary connections to the cold water outlet pipe and the hot water supply line, and a circulation pump for circulating the storage medium through the heat exchanger.
  • Known stratified storage as for drinking water, for example, from the DE 83 10 135 U1 emerge, have a filled with drinking water storage tank, where due to the different density, a stratification between the located in the upper tank area warm water and the cold water located in the lower tank area.
  • a storage charging circuit is provided with a circulating pump, which promotes the cooler water from the lower tank area via a cold water outlet pipe to a heat exchanger or heat generator.
  • the water is heated to a predetermined constant setpoint temperature, which is (approximately) equal to the hot water outlet setpoint temperature of the stratified charge storage.
  • the warm water is returned to the upper tank area via a hot water supply line.
  • the hot storage water in the upper tank area is removed via the hot water outlet pipe leading to the connected taps and replaced by the lower tank area via a cold water supply pipe newly supplied cold water.
  • the various supply lines and discharge lines can be assigned to each, individual container connections lead into the storage container, or they can be summarized in pairs in the upper and lower container area to a port.
  • the heat exchanger for heating the storage water is heated on the primary side usually by a heating fluid, which in turn was heated in an oil or gas-fired water heater or in the condenser of a heat pump.
  • a stratified charge storage arrangement with a storage container and a charging circuit is proposed.
  • the storage tank is connected with a cold water outlet and a hot water inlet to a heat exchanger.
  • a circulating pump is arranged, which promotes a water circulation amount for charging the storage container.
  • a water flow regulator is further arranged, which controls the amount of circulating water in the charging circuit or so that the water circulation rate of the cold water temperature and / or the hot water temperature is adjusted.
  • the stratified charge storage arrangement is characterized by a water quantity control valve, which is designed as an electrically heatable thermal expansion element.
  • the storage water is heated at the storage charge in the heat exchanger in one step from the currently prevailing cold water outlet temperature to the predetermined, constantly high hot water outlet setpoint temperature, since this is the temperature that should be available on call in the storage tank.
  • This can be disadvantageous for the efficiency of the heat exchanger and / or heat generator. Due to the lower cooling effect on the heating fluid, high heat exchanger temperatures likewise lead to increased operating temperatures of the heat generator, for example an exhaust gas heat exchanger of a condensing boiler or of a heat pump condenser. This in turn is responsible for a reduced condensation in the condensing boiler or in the heat pump. In contrast, the aforementioned heat exchangers or heat generators benefit from low operating temperatures for optimizing their efficiency or their coefficient of performance (COP value, coefficient of performance).
  • COP value coefficient of performance
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a stratified charge storage system for heating, storage and provision of a storage medium, which is the constructive boundary conditions for the highest possible efficiencies or performance figures creates. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method by which the stratified charge storage system according to the invention can be operated at the highest possible efficiencies or performance figures, without thereby limiting the hot water comfort.
  • the structure according to the invention of the stratified charge storage system is characterized by a storage container which is functionally divided into an overhead readiness volume and an underlying reserve volume, and by a storage charging circuit which, in addition to the hot water supply line W1 connecting the heat exchanger to the standby volume, comprises a further hot water supply line W2 which connects the heat exchanger to the heat exchanger Reserve volume connects.
  • the standby volume is always a sufficiently large amount of domestic hot water at hot water outlet setpoint temperature to the outlet from the storage container to the user ready, so a quick supply of the user is granted in different sized hot water applications.
  • For charging the ready volume of hot water flows at hot water set temperature from the heat exchanger via the hot water supply line W1 in the storage tank.
  • the reserve volume stores a quantity of hot water, which is heated up to hot water outlet setpoint temperature when required or heat supplied by a heat generator.
  • hot water flows at temperatures less than or equal to the desired hot water temperature from the heat exchanger via the hot water supply line W2 in the storage tank.
  • At least one common temperature sensor S3 is arranged on the hot water supply lines W1 and W2, which measures and monitors the temperature of the storage medium circulated through the hot water supply lines W1 and / or W2.
  • the temperature sensor S3 can be arranged, for example, in or on a downstream of the heat exchanger, the two hot water supply lines W1 and W2 common line piece.
  • the hot water supply line W2 opens in an embodiment at a storage tank connection in the region of the reserve volume. But it can also connect within the storage tank to the hot water supply line W1 down to the area of the reserve volume. In this case, one could be at the junction between the valve arranged on the two hot water supply lines W1 and W2 automatically switch between an inlet in the region of the ready volume and an inlet in the region of the reserve volume when changing a pressure applied by the circulating pump the incoming storage medium discharge pressure. Thus, a container connection would be saved compared to the first-mentioned embodiment.
  • An embodiment according to the invention comprises two circulating pumps, which are arranged in each case one of the two hot water supply lines W1 and W2.
  • the hot water supply can be controlled in said container areas.
  • One or both recirculation pumps may have a speed control device to adjust their capacity.
  • the storage charging circuit has a reversible three-way valve that directs the heated storage medium into either the standby volume or the reserve volume.
  • the three-way valve can, for example, at a branch point of the hot water supply line W2 of the hot water supply line W1, sit behind a the two hot water supply lines W1 and W2 line piece.
  • the circulation pump is expediently arranged in the cold water outlet line, and in the hot water supply lines W1 and W2 each have an adjustable throttle.
  • the ready volume is limited upwards through the upper container bottom and down through a tank cross-section defined by a storage temperature sensor S1.
  • the underlying reserve volume is in turn bounded below by the lower container bottom, wherein in the lower part of the reserve volume, another storage temperature sensor S2 is arranged.
  • the method according to the invention for operating a stratified charge storage system for heating, storing and providing a storage medium, in particular for the domestic hot water supply, is characterized by a storage container subdivided into an overhead readiness volume and an underlying reserve volume.
  • the storage charge cycle for the standby volume is triggered when the temperature measured at a storage temperature sensor S1 is more than an approved temperature difference below the set point hot water outlet temperature. This permissible temperature difference can be 3 K, for example.
  • the aim is in this phase of operation the fastest possible provision of a comfortable amount of hot water to set temperature.
  • the storage charge of the ready volume is therefore via a hot water supply line W1, which connects a heat exchanger with the standby volume.
  • the standby volume storage charge cycle is based on a constant hot water supply temperature T1 of the circulating storage medium in the hot water supply line W1, the hot water supply temperature T1 being approximately equal to a target hot water discharge temperature. This is the temperature at which the hot water is to be available for discharge from the reservoir for tapping.
  • the hot water inlet temperature T1 may be slightly above the hot water outlet setpoint temperature.
  • the hot water supply temperature T1 during the storage charge cycle for the standby volume is a function of the parameters cold water outlet temperature, heat output of the heat generator and / or the heat exchanger, delivery rate of the circulation pump and / or throttling effect of an adjustable throttle in the hot water supply line W1.
  • Compliance with the target specification to the hot water inlet temperature T1 (limitation by the specified hot water outlet setpoint temperature) is achieved by a suitable adjustment of individual or all parameters within the available control and value ranges. This may be, for example, a modulation of the heat generator heat output or the heat exchanger heat output, or a change in the pump speed.
  • the reserve volume storage charging cycle is initiated when the temperature measured at a storage temperature sensor S2 is less than a permitted temperature differential below a reserve volume setpoint temperature.
  • the aim in this phase of operation is to optimize operating conditions for heat generators such as heat pumps and condensing boilers. By choosing comparatively low operating temperatures in the storage charging circuit, the coefficients of performance or efficiencies of the heat generator are significantly increased.
  • the storage capacity of the reserve volume is via a hot water supply line W2, which connects the heat exchanger with the reserve volume.
  • the storage capacity cycle for the reserve volume is based on a hot water inlet temperature T2 of the circulating storage medium in the hot water supply line W2, wherein the hot water inlet temperature T2 is by a predetermined, relatively small amount above the cold water outlet temperature of the circulating storage medium in the cold water outlet line, but at most equal to the hot water outlet setpoint temperature. Due to the comparatively low temperature increase, the volume of water circulated can be significantly greater than in the storage charge of the ready volume.
  • the temperature difference between the cold water outlet temperature and the hot water inlet temperature T2 which is established at the heat exchanger is a function of the parameter cold water outlet temperature, heat generator heat output, heat exchanger heating capacity, circulating pump delivery rate and the throttling effect of an adjustable throttle in the hot water supply line W2.
  • the desired temperature difference at the heat exchanger for the charging of the reserve volume by defined defined predetermined settings of said parameters is set.
  • the hot water inlet temperature T2 increases slidably in approximately ramp-shaped or stepwise over time and is by a predetermined amount of, for example, 10 K above the cold water outlet temperature.
  • a partial or one-time circulation of the storage medium with heating by, for example, 10 K is not sufficient to heat it up to the setpoint temperature. Therefore, the storage medium stored in the reserve volume is usually circulated several times over the heat exchanger during the storage volume storage period for the reserve volume until a shutoff condition ending in the storage charge cycle is reached.
  • a natural warm water stratification as it adjusts itself in the reserve volume under the influence of the density of differently tempered water, has the consequence that always the coolest water lies in the reserve volume in the lower tank area and enters the storage charging circuit. With repeated circulation and gradual heating, the setpoint temperature is finally reached. This achieves a comparatively long operation of the storage charging circuit at comparatively low operating temperatures. This optimizes the operating conditions for heat pumps and for condensing heat generators such as condensing boilers, as their performance figures and efficiencies depend crucially on the operating temperature of their heat exchangers.
  • the standby volume storage cycle takes precedence over the reserve volume storage load cycle. This ensures that the user's comfort requirements for drinking water supply can be met at all times.
  • the hot water inlet temperatures T1 and / or T2 are measured and monitored by means of a temperature sensor S3.
  • a storage charging cycle is ended when the hot water supply temperatures T1 or T2 are the hot water outlet setpoint temperature, despite exhausting the available control and value ranges of the settable and / or predeterminable boundary conditions of heat generator heat output, heat exchanger heating capacity, circulating pump delivery capacity and / or throttle setting, exceed.
  • a control shutdown of the storage charging cycle 'for the ready volume occurs when reaching and / or exceeding the hot water outlet setpoint temperature on the storage tank temperature sensor S1. Then it can be assumed that the entire standby volume is charged from above to the position of the storage tank temperature sensor S1 to target temperature.
  • a control shutdown of the storage charging cycle 'for the reserve volume takes place when reaching and / or exceeding a predefinable reserve volume setpoint temperature on the storage tank temperature sensor S2.
  • This set point temperature may be the hot water outlet set point temperature or another lower temperature. Then it can be assumed that the entire reserve volume between the storage tank temperature sensors S1 (top) and S2 (bottom) is charged to the setpoint temperature.
  • a stratified charge storage system and a method for its operation in particular for the domestic hot water supply are presented, which create the structural boundary and process conditions for the highest possible efficiencies and performance figures based on the subdivision of the storage container into a ready volume and a reserve volume.
  • the method according to the invention for operating the stratified charge storage system ensures unrestricted warm water comfort from the standby volume.
  • the reserve volume storage charging cycle provides optimized operating conditions for the use of heat exchangers connected to condensing boilers or heat pump systems.
  • the stratified storage system in FIG. 1 comprises a storage container 1, which is divided into a standby volume 2 and a reserve volume 3.
  • the storage tank 1 is fed via a cold water feed line 4.
  • the warm storage medium is fed to the taps (not shown) via a hot water outlet line 5.
  • two temperature sensors S1 and S2 are arranged.
  • the Stratified charge storage system further comprises a storage charging circuit 6.
  • a cold water outlet line 7 the cold storage medium is withdrawn from the lower portion of the reserve volume 3 and fed to a heat exchanger 8, which in turn is connected to the primary side of a heat generator 9.
  • the heated water flows back into the storage tank 1 via two hot water supply lines W1 and W2.
  • a temperature sensor S3 is arranged on or in a line section common to the two hot water supply lines.
  • the circulation of the storage medium in the storage charging circuit 6 is achieved by the circulation pumps 10 or 11.
  • cold storage medium is removed via the cold water outlet pipe 7 the reserve volume 3 and heated in the heat exchanger 8 to hot water outlet setpoint temperature.
  • the circulation pump 10 conveys the warm water through the hot water supply line W1 into the standby volume 2 of the storage tank.
  • the storage medium is conveyed and heated until the store temperature sensor S1, the hot water outlet setpoint temperature is applied.
  • For storage loading of the reserve volume cold storage medium is removed via the cold water outlet line 7 the reserve volume 3 and heated in the heat exchanger 8 by a predetermined temperature difference of, for example, 10 K.
  • the circulation pump 11 conveys the warm water through the hot water supply line W2 in the reserve volume of the storage container, where it stratified according to its temperature and density.
  • the storage medium in the reserve volume is circulated and heated until the storage volume setpoint temperature is applied to the storage tank temperature sensor S2.
  • the circulation of the storage medium in the storage charging circuit 6 of FIG. 2 is achieved by the circulation pump 12 in the cold water outlet pipe 7. Downstream of the heat exchanger 8 determines the position of a three-way valve 13, whether the warm water flows back through the hot water supply line W1 or W2 in the storage container. With throttles 14 and 15, the volume flow in the storage charging circuit is set.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP09001438.2A 2008-02-15 2009-02-03 Système de stockage de chargement de couche et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de stockage de chargement de couche Withdrawn EP2090836A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008009285A DE102008009285B3 (de) 2008-02-15 2008-02-15 Schichtladespeichersystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Schichtladespeichersystems

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2090836A2 true EP2090836A2 (fr) 2009-08-19
EP2090836A3 EP2090836A3 (fr) 2015-08-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09001438.2A Withdrawn EP2090836A3 (fr) 2008-02-15 2009-02-03 Système de stockage de chargement de couche et procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de stockage de chargement de couche

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EP (1) EP2090836A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008009285B3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3031575A1 (fr) * 2015-01-12 2016-07-15 Lacaze Energies Module de transfert thermique avec regulation associee pour systeme thermodynamique de production d'eau chaude sanitaire

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012008495A1 (de) 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Eff-Get Gebäudetechnik Hinxlage Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Pufferspeicherung von Kälte- oder Wärmeenergie, Energiemanagementsystem mit der Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Energiemanagementsystems
CN102854905B (zh) * 2012-09-17 2014-12-17 江苏省精创电气股份有限公司 用于热水工程的回水控制方法
DE102019001642A1 (de) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-10 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizungs-und/oder Warmwasserbereitungssystem
DE102021107817B4 (de) 2021-03-29 2023-08-31 Vanessa Schierenbeck Heizungssystem sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Heizungssystems

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8310135U1 (de) 1983-04-07 1983-08-11 Nova-Apparatebau GmbH + Co, 7710 Donaueschingen Warmwasser-schichtenspeicher
DE10344003B3 (de) 2003-09-23 2005-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schichtladespeicheranordnung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10126916B4 (de) * 2001-06-01 2004-12-09 Norbert Geerkens Warmwasserspeichervorrichtung
JP2003106653A (ja) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The ヒートポンプ式給湯装置
JP2003207202A (ja) * 2002-01-15 2003-07-25 Hitachi Air Conditioning System Co Ltd ヒートポンプ式給湯機

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8310135U1 (de) 1983-04-07 1983-08-11 Nova-Apparatebau GmbH + Co, 7710 Donaueschingen Warmwasser-schichtenspeicher
DE10344003B3 (de) 2003-09-23 2005-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schichtladespeicheranordnung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3031575A1 (fr) * 2015-01-12 2016-07-15 Lacaze Energies Module de transfert thermique avec regulation associee pour systeme thermodynamique de production d'eau chaude sanitaire

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DE102008009285B3 (de) 2009-08-13
EP2090836A3 (fr) 2015-08-26

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