EP2086883A2

EP2086883A2 - Im-14 crystallised solid and method for making the same

Info

Publication number: EP2086883A2
Application number: EP07848310A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Yannick Lorgouilloux; Jean-Louis Paillaud; Philippe Caullet; Joel Patarin; Nicolas Bats
Original assignee: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Current assignee: IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date: 2006-11-07
Filing date: 2007-10-01
Publication date: 2009-08-12
Also published as: WO2008059121A3; FR2908126A1; US20100197480A1; FR2908126B1; US8216546B2; WO2008059121A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a crystallised solid called IM-14 having an X-ray diffraction diagram such as indicated below the solid has a chemical composition expressed by the formula GeO2 : nY2O3 : pR : qF : wH2O, where R is one or more organic species, Y is at least one trivalent element and F is fluorine.

Description

IM-14 CRYSTALLIZED SOLID AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME

Technical area

The present invention relates to a novel crystallized solid, hereinafter referred to as IM-14, having a new crystalline structure and to the process for preparing said solid.

Prior art

The search for new microporous molecular sieves has led in recent years to the synthesis of a wide variety of this class of products. A large variety of aluminosilicates zeolite structure characterized in particular by their chemical composition, the pore diameter they contain, the shape and geometry of their microporous system has been developed.

Among the zeolites synthesized for forty years, a number of solids has made significant progress in the areas of adsorption and catalysis. Among these, mention may be made of zeolite Y (US 3,130,007) and zeolite ZSM-5 (US 3,702,886). The number of new molecular sieves, covering the zeolites, synthesized each year is constantly increasing. For a more complete description of the various molecular sieves found, reference may be made to the following work: "Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types", Ch. Baerlocher, W. M. Meier and D. H. Oison, Fifth Revised Edition, 2001, Elsevier. Mention may be made of zeolite NU-87 (US-5, 178,748), zeolite MCM-22 (US Pat. No. 4,954,325) or even gallophosphate (cloverite) of structural type CLO (US Pat. No. 5,420,279), or even zeolites ITQ- 12 (US-6,471,939), ITQ-13 (US-6,471,941), CIT-5 (US-6,043,179), ITQ-21 (WO-02/092511), ITQ-22 (Corma, A. et al, Nature Materials 2003). , 2, 493), SSZ-53 (Burton, A., et al, Chemistry: Eur Journal, 2003, 9, 5737), SSZ-59 (Burton, A., et al., Chemistry: Eur Journal. 2003, 9, 5737), SSZ-58 (Burton, A., et al., J. Am Chem Soc, 2003, 125, 1633) and UZM-5 (Blackwell, C. C. et al, Angew Chem. , Int.Ed., 2003, 42, 1737).

Several of the zeolites mentioned above were synthesized in a fluoride medium in which the mobilizing agent is not the usual hydroxide ion but the fluoride ion according to a process initially described by Flanigen et al (US-4,073,865), then developed by J. L. Guth et al. (Proceed, Zeol, Conf, Tokyo, 1986, 121). The pH of the synthesis media is typically close to neutrality. Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a new crystalline solid, called crystalline solid IM-14, having a new crystalline structure. Said solid has a chemical composition expressed by the following general formula: GeO ₂ : nY ₂ O ₃ : pR: qF: wH ₂ 0 wherein R represents one or more organic species, Y represents at least one element trivalent and F is fluorine, n, p, q and w respectively representing the number of moles of Y ₂ O ₃ , R, F and H ₂ O and n is between 0 and 0.1, p is between 0 and 0.7, q is 0 to 0.7 and w is 0 to 5.

The crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention has an X-ray diffraction pattern including at least the lines listed in Table 1. This new crystalline solid IM-14 has a new crystalline structure. This diffraction pattern is obtained by radiocrystallographic analysis by means of a diffractometer using the conventional method of the powders with copper Ka i radiation (λ = 1.5406). From the position of the diffraction peaks represented by the angle 2Θ, we calculate, by the Bragg relation, the lattice equidistances d _h ki characteristics of the sample. The measurement error Δ (d _hk i) on d _hk i is calculated by means of the Bragg relation as a function of the absolute error Δ (2Θ) assigned to the measurement of 2Θ. An absolute error Δ (2Θ) equal to ± 0.02 ° is commonly accepted. The relative intensity 1 / I ₀ assigned to each value of d _hk i is measured from the height of the corresponding diffraction peak. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the IM-14 crystallized solid according to the invention comprises at least the dhki lines given in Table 1. In the dhki column, the average values of the inter-reticular distances in FIG. Angstrδms (Â). Each of these values shall be assigned the measurement error Δ (d _h ki) between ± 0.2 and ± 0.003. The XRD diagram which made it possible to establish Table 1 was made from an IM-14 solid in its raw form of synthesis. Table 1: Mean values of _d and relative intensities measured on an X-ray diffraction pattern of the IM-14 crystallized solid

where FF = very strong; F = strong; m = average; mf = weak medium; f = weak; ff = very weak.

The relative intensity 1 / I ₀ is given in relation to a relative intensity scale where a value of 100 is assigned to the most intense line of the X-ray diffraction pattern: ff <15;

<F <30; <Mf <50; 50 <m <65; 65 <F <85; FF> 85.

The diffraction pattern of X-ray crystalline solid IM-14 according to the invention does not comprise lines having a relative intensity of 1 / I ₀ strong (F) and low (f).

The crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention has a new basic crystal structure or topology which is characterized by its X-ray diffraction pattern given in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 was established from an IM-solid. 14 in its raw form of synthesis.

Said IM-14 solid has a chemical composition defined by the following general formula: GeO ₂ : nY ₂ O ₃ : pR: qF: wH ₂ O (I), where R represents one or more organic species, Y is at least one trivalent element and F is fluorine. In the formula (I), n, p, q and w represent respectively the number of moles of Y ₂ O ₃ , R, F and H ₂ O and n is between 0 and 0.1, p is 0 to 0.7, q is 0 to 0.7 and w is 0 to 5.

The Ge / Y ratio in the crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention is greater than or equal to 5 and is preferably greater than or equal to 7. The value of n is between 0 and 0.1, very preferably between 0 and 0.07 and even more preferably between 0.01 and 0.05. The value of p is between 0 and 0.7, advantageously between 0.01 and 0.7 and very advantageously between 0.1 and 0.3. According to the invention, q is between 0 and 0.7, preferably q is between 0.1 and 0.7 and very preferably q is between 0.1 and 0.2. The value taken by w is, according to the invention, between 0 and 5, preferably between 0.2 and 5.

According to the invention, Y is preferably selected from aluminum, boron, iron, indium and gallium and very preferably Y is aluminum. When element Y is present, crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention is a crystallized metallogermanate having an X-ray diffraction pattern identical to that described in Table 1, in particular when it is in its raw form. of synthesis. Preferably, Y is aluminum: the crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention is then a crystallized aluminogermanate having an X-ray diffraction pattern identical to that described in Table 1, in particular when it is under its raw form of synthesis. In the case where the crystallized solid IM-14 according to the invention is in its raw form of synthesis, that is to say directly from the synthesis and prior to any calcination step (s) and / or ion exchange (s) well known to those skilled in the art, said IM-14 solid comprises at least one organic species such as that described below or its decomposition products, or its precursors. In the synthetic crude form, the organic species (s) R present in the general formula defining the IM-14 solid is (are) at least in part, and preferably entirely, ( the so-called species (s) organic (s). According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, R is 1,2-diaminoethane. Said organic species R, which acts as a structurant, can be removed by the conventional routes of the state of the art such as heat and / or chemical treatments. The IM-14 crystallized solid according to the invention is preferably a zeolitic solid. The invention also relates to a process for preparing crystallized solid IM-14 in which an aqueous mixture is reacted comprising at least one source of at least one oxide GeO ₂ germanium, optionally at least one source of at least one Y ₂ O ₃ oxide and at least one organic species R and optionally at least one source of fluoride ions, the mixture preferably having the following molar composition: GeO ₂ / Y ₂ <D ₃ : at least 5, preferably at least 7, H ₂ O / GeO ₂ : 1 to 70, preferably 2 to 50,

R / GeO ₂ : 0.1 to 3, preferably 0.25 to 1,

F / GeO ₂ : 0 to 2, preferably 0 to 1, where Y is one or more trivalent element (s) chosen from the group formed by the following elements: aluminum, iron, boron, indium and gallium, preferably aluminum. According to the process according to the invention, R is an organic species acting as an organic structuring agent. Preferably, R is the nitrogen compound 1, 2-diaminoethane. The source of germanium may for example be a GeO ₂ germanium oxide, for example an amorphous germanium oxide. The source of element Y may be any compound comprising element Y and capable of releasing this element in aqueous solution in reactive form. In the preferred case where Y is aluminum, the source of alumina is preferably sodium aluminate, or an aluminum salt, for example chloride, nitrate, hydroxide or sulphate, a aluminum alkoxide or alumina proper, preferably in hydrated or hydratable form, such as for example colloidal alumina, pseudoboehmite, gamma alumina or alpha or beta trihydrate. It is also possible to use mixtures of the sources mentioned above.

The fluorine may be introduced in the form of alkali metal or ammonium salts, for example NaF, NH ₄ F or NH ₄ HF _2, or in the form of hydrofluoric acid or in the form of hydrolyzable compounds which can release fluoride anions in the form of water such as silicon fluoride SiF ₄ or fluorosilicates ammonium (NH ₄ ) ₂ SiF ₆ or sodium Na ₂ SiF ₆ . According to a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, an aqueous mixture is reacted comprising a germanium oxide, optionally alumina, 1,2-diaminoethane and a source of fluoride ions.

The process according to the invention consists in preparing an aqueous reaction mixture called gel containing at least one source of at least one GeO ₂ oxide, optionally at least one source of at least one Y ₂ O ₃ oxide, optionally at least one source of fluoride ions, and at least one organic species R. The amounts of said reagents are adjusted to conferring on this gel a composition allowing its crystallization in crystalline solid IM-14 of general formula GeO ₂ : nY ₂ O ₃ : pR: qF: wH ₂ O, where n, p, q and w meet the criteria defined above. The gel is then subjected to hydrothermal treatment until crystalline solid IM-14 is formed. The gel is advantageously placed under hydrothermal conditions under an autogenous reaction pressure, optionally by adding gas, for example nitrogen, at a temperature of between 12 ^° C. and 200 ° C., preferably between 140 ° C. and 180 ° C. C, and even more preferably at a temperature which does not exceed 175 ° C until the formation of IM-14 solid crystals according to the invention. The time required to obtain the crystallization generally varies between 1 hour and several months depending on the composition of the reagents in the gel, the stirring and the reaction temperature. The reaction is generally carried out with stirring or without stirring, preferably in the absence of stirring.

It may be advantageous to add seeds to the reaction mixture to reduce the time required for crystal formation and / or the total crystallization time. It may also be advantageous to use seeds to promote the formation of crystallized solid IM-14 at the expense of impurities. Such seeds comprise crystalline solids, in particular IM-14 solid crystals. The crystalline seeds are generally added in a proportion of between 0.01 and 10% of the weight of the GeO ₂ oxide used in the reaction mixture. At the end of the reaction, the solid phase is filtered and washed; it is then ready for subsequent steps such as drying, dehydration and calcination and / or ion exchange. For these steps, all the conventional methods known to those skilled in the art can be used. The present invention also relates to the use of said IM-14 solid as an adsorbent. Preferably, said IM-14 solid is stripped of the organic species, preferably 1,2-diaminoethane, when used as an adsorbent. When used as an adsorbent, the IM-14 crystallized solid according to the invention is generally dispersed in an inorganic matrix phase which contains channels and cavities which allow access of the fluid to be separated to the crystallized solid. These matrices are preferably mineral oxides, for example silicas, aluminas, silica-aluminas or clays. The matrix generally represents between 2 and 25% by weight of the adsorbent thus formed. The invention is illustrated by means of the following examples.

Example 1 Preparation of an IM-14 Solid According to the Invention

0.464 ml (0.417 g) of 1,2-diaminoethane (Aldrich) are added to 10 ml of distilled water in a Teflon container of 20 ml internal volume. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes with the aid of a magnetic stirrer and then 1.453 g of amorphous germanium oxide (Aldrich) are added. The mixture is stirred for a period of 4 hours. The molar composition of the gel obtained is: GeO ₂ : 0.5 1, 2-diaminoethane: 40 H ₂ O.

The Teflon jacket containing the synthesis mixture (pH ~ 11) is then introduced into an autoclave, which is placed in an oven at 170 ° C for a period of 14 days without agitation. After filtration, the product obtained is washed several times with distilled water. It is then dried at 70 ° C for 24 hours. The mass of dry product obtained is about 1.25 g.

The dried solid product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and identified as consisting of IM-14 solid.

Example 2 Preparation of an IM-14 Solid According to the Invention

2.784 ml (2.502 g) of 1,2-diaminoethane (Aldrich) are added to 9,167 ml of distilled water in a Teflon container of 20 ml internal volume. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes with the aid of a magnetic stirrer and then 7.263 g of germanium oxide (Aldrich) are introduced. The mixture is stirred for 4 hours. The subsequent addition of 1.228 ml (1.388 g) of aqueous HF solution (40% hydrofluoric acid, Carlo Erba) results in an increase in the viscosity of the reaction mixture. The mixture is then stirred manually using a stainless steel spatula for 5 to 10 minutes. After weighing and adjustment of the required water content, the molar composition of the mixture obtained is: GeO ₂ : 0.6 1,2-diaminoethane: 0.4 HF: 8H ₂ O The Teflon jacket containing the synthesis mixture ( pH ~ 10.5) is then introduced into an autoclave, which is placed in an oven at 170 ⁰ C for a period of 14 days without agitation. After filtration, the product obtained is washed several times with distilled water. It is then dried at 70 ° C for 24 hours. The mass of dry product obtained is about 7.85 g. The dried solid product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and identified as consisting of IM-14 solid as well as traces of a dense argutite phase.

Example 3 Preparation of an IM-14 Solid According to the Invention

2,784 ml (2.502 g) of 1,2-diaminoethane (Aldrich) are added to 9,129 ml of distilled water in a Teflon container of 20 ml internal volume. The mixture is stirred for 5 minutes with the aid of a magnetic stirrer, then 0.108 g of aluminum hydroxide (63 to 67% by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ , Fluka) and 7.263 g of germanium oxide ( Aldrich) are added. The mixture is stirred for 4 hours. The subsequent addition of 1.228 ml (1.388 g) of aqueous HF solution (40% hydrofluoric acid, Carlo Erba) results in an increase in the viscosity of the reaction mixture. The mixture is then stirred manually using a stainless steel spatula for 5 to 10 minutes. After weighing and adjusting the required water content, the molar composition of the resulting mixture is: GeO ₂ : 0.01 Al ₂ O ₃ : 0.6 1, 2-diaminoethane: 0.4 HF: 8 H ₂ O

The Teflon jacket containing the synthesis mixture (pH ~ 10.5) is then introduced into an autoclave, which is placed in an oven at 170 ° C for a period of 14 days without agitation.

After filtration, the product obtained is washed several times with distilled water. It is then dried at 70 ° C for 24 hours. The mass of dry product obtained is about 6.10 g. The dried solid product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and identified as consisting of IM-14 solid as well as traces of a dense argutite phase.

Example 4 Preparation of an Adsorbent Containing the IM-14 Crystalline Solid

The solid used is the crude synthetic solid of Example 1 and comprising the organic species

1, 2-diaminoethane. This solid is first heated under a nitrogen sweep at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 4 hours and then a calcination still under a nitrogen atmosphere. at 550 ° C for 8 hours. Following these first treatments, the solid obtained is calcined at 550 ° C for 8 hours under air flow and another 8 hours under oxygen flow. The solid obtained is then extruded by kneading with boehmite (Pural SB3, Sasol) in a Z-arm kneader and extruding the paste obtained with a piston extruder. The extrudates are then dried at 120 ° C. for 12 hours in air and calcined at 550 ° C. for 2 hours under a stream of air in a muffle furnace.

The adsorbent thus prepared is composed of 80% of the IM-14 zeolite solid and 20% of alumina.

Claims

1. IM-14 crystallized solid having an X-ray diffraction pattern including at least the lines listed in the table below:

where FF = very strong; F = strong; m = average; mf = weak medium; f = weak; ff = very weak, and having a chemical composition expressed by the following general formula: GeO ₂ : nY ₂ O ₃ : pR: qF: wH ₂ O wherein R represents one or more organic species, Y represents at least one trivalent element and F is fluorine, n, p, q and w respectively representing the number of moles of Y ₂ O ₃ , R, F and H ₂ O and n is between 0 and 0.1, p is between 0 and 0.7, q is between 0 and 0.7 and w is between 0 and 5.

The IM-14 crystallized solid of claim 1 wherein Y is aluminum.

3. crystallized IM-14 solid according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the Ge / Y ratio is greater than or equal to 5, n is between 0.01 and 0.05, p is between 0.1 and 0; , 3, q is from 0.1 to 0.2, w is from 0.2 to 5.

4. A method for preparing an IM-14 crystallized solid according to one of claims 1 to 3 consisting in mixing at least one source of at least one GeO ₂ oxide, optionally at least one source of at least one oxide Y ₂ ^ ₃ ', ^{even if} at least a source of fluoride ions and at least one organic species R then hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until the IM-14 solid is formed.

5. Process for the preparation of an IM-14 solid according to claim 4, such that the molar composition of the reaction mixture is such that: GeO ₂ / Y ₂ O ₃ : at least 5,

H ₂ CVGeO ₂ : 1-70,

R / GeO ₂ : 0.1 to 3,

F / GeO ₂ : 0 to 2.

6. Process for preparing an IM-14 solid according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein said organic species R is the nitrogen compound 1,2-diaminoethane.

7. Process for preparing an IM-14 solid according to one of claims 4 to 6 such that the seeds are added to the reaction mixture.

8. Use of crystalline solid IM-14 according to one of claims 1 to 3 or prepared according to the process according to one of claims 4 to 7 as an adsorbent.