EP2085607A1 - Prevision de panne pour une bougie de préchauffage alimentée avec une séquence continue de impulsions de tension - Google Patents

Prevision de panne pour une bougie de préchauffage alimentée avec une séquence continue de impulsions de tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2085607A1
EP2085607A1 EP08105784A EP08105784A EP2085607A1 EP 2085607 A1 EP2085607 A1 EP 2085607A1 EP 08105784 A EP08105784 A EP 08105784A EP 08105784 A EP08105784 A EP 08105784A EP 2085607 A1 EP2085607 A1 EP 2085607A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
during
comparison value
annealing
annealing cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08105784A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Carsten Scholten
Marie Merelle
Rainer Moritz
Astrid Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2085607A1 publication Critical patent/EP2085607A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/027—Safety devices, e.g. for diagnosing the glow plugs or the related circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/025—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/228—Warning displays

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a method for early failure detection of at least one glow plug, which is supplied during at least one Glühzyklusses with a continuous train of voltage pulses of a respective electrical voltage, and a motor with at least one glow plug, which is adapted for the early failure detection of the glow plug for performing this method ,
  • glow plugs are electrical heating elements which are usually arranged to assist a cold start in the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines and heaters.
  • a glow plug in a front part of a filament with a substantially temperature-independent resistor and in a rear part of a control coil whose resistance increases with temperature.
  • glow plugs also wear out over time, which can lead to malfunction or even total failure of the glow plug with increasing age. It is therefore desirable to recognize consumed glow plugs with a high probability of failure early.
  • the so-called cold resistance of To determine glow plug In the first few seconds after the glow plug is switched on (as a rule within the first 60 s, but preferably 25 s), the current flowing through the glow plug is measured. From this measured current and a voltage assumed to be known, the cold resistance is calculated in a known manner. This is at unconsumed glow plugs, so glow plugs with low probability of failure, usually between 0.3 ⁇ and 1.0 ⁇ . If a higher cold resistance is determined because the current flowing through the glow plug drops, so this has according to experience on the early failure of the glow plug. If the measured cold resistance exceeds a specified threshold, the glow plug must be replaced.
  • the resistance of the glow plug is detected, which the glow plug shows during a single voltage pulse.
  • the method of the present invention utilizes a higher resolution approach than known methods because it relies on the resistance of the glow plug during a single voltage pulse and not on a mean or rms value of cold resistance determined over many voltage pulses. This results in a much more accurate and reliable prediction of the probability of default than can be achieved by known methods.
  • the type of glow plug for the process is irrelevant.
  • the method is equally suitable for a low-voltage glow plug as for an on-board glow plug or a ceramic glow plug.
  • step (a) It is possible in step (a) to record the time profile of the resistance during the respective voltage pulse.
  • the comparison value derived from the resistance in step (b) could be, for example, the mean value or an extreme value of the resistance during the voltage pulse.
  • a time-dependent comparison value can be derived, provided z. B. in step (c) a condition for the temporal dependence of the comparison value is specified.
  • steps (a) to (e) can also be carried out repeatedly on different individual voltage pulses within the time interval, for example cyclically or sporadically.
  • the comparison value may in general be any suitable comparison value.
  • the comparison value may be identical to the electrical resistance.
  • Another suitable comparative value would be the gradient of the electrical resistance, ie the change with time of the resistor or its derivative with respect to time.
  • a resistance gradient with a negative sign can be an indication of the increased probability of failure of a glow plug, because with old and used glow plugs above all the so-called hot resistance of the glow plug, which is usually measured after 25 s or 60 s after the start of Glühzyklusses, within a voltage pulse shows a declining tendency.
  • a hot resistance of 0.6 ⁇ to 2.0 ⁇ is common. Like the cold resistance, the hot resistance tends to increase with age of the glow plug.
  • the hot resistor offers another observable, which can be exploited to estimate the probability of failure of a glow plug.
  • the beginning of the time interval coincides with the beginning of a Glühzyklusses the glow plug.
  • the duration of the time interval is preferably 60 s and particularly preferably 25 s, so that the detected electrical resistance corresponds to the cold resistance of the glow plug.
  • the time interval begins at least 25 s or preferably 60 s after the start of the annealing cycle, so that the detected electrical resistance corresponds to the hot resistance of the glow plug.
  • steps (a) and (b) are carried out for at least one voltage pulse within at least one further time interval, this further time interval and the first time interval being disjunct.
  • both time intervals may be within the same annealing cycle, or both of the time intervals may be within different annealing cycles of the glow plug, with the sequence of voltage pulses being suspended between anneal cycles.
  • the validity of the method can be increased by detecting both the cold resistance and the hot resistance within a single annealing cycle by determining cold resistance and hot resistance, respectively, according to step (a) for respective disjoint time intervals during an annealing cycle, then respectively b) to perform (e).
  • a so-called ring memory is used to store the comparison values, which stores the comparison values of a specific number of, preferably five, annealing cycles as data records in a stack. If the stack is filled, the data sets are successively overwritten with new records starting from the bottom record during execution of the process during the following annealing cycles.
  • the comparison value permanently stored and when performing steps (a) to (e) during subsequent annealing cycles in each step (c) respectively read out and used to specify the condition.
  • a reference is provided with the original values of the glow plug, which allows an estimate of the absolute aging and wear of the glow plug.
  • step (c) when performing step (c) during an annealing cycle, it is preferable to read both the comparison value of the very first annealing cycle and the comparison value of a respective annealing cycle immediately preceding the annealing cycle, and to use these to specify respective conditions for the comparison value of the current annealing cycle; d) checking whether these conditions are met, and wherein in step (e) the signal is output if the comparison value satisfies at least one of the conditions. In this way, the validity of the process is increased again.
  • the signal output in step (e) can be used to trigger different reactions, which can take place individually or in any desired combinations.
  • the output signal, the operation of the glow plug to protect it at a predetermined voltage level, preferably the intended operating voltage, or below restrict or cause the glow plug to turn off.
  • the signal may be responsible for the output of an optical, audible or haptic warning signal at a human machine interface (HMI). Further, the signal may cause a diagnostic message to be written to a fault memory that may be read out and further processed by a microprocessor.
  • HMI human machine interface
  • a glow plug 1 protrudes into the combustion chamber 2 of an engine 3 of a motor vehicle, not shown.
  • An electronic Glühzeit Kunststoff Kunststoff 4 supplies the glow plug 1 with a pulse width modulated voltage, which generates it from the on-board voltage.
  • a microcontroller 5 with an evaluation unit 6 is provided for measuring the current flowing through the glow plug 1 and for determining its resistance by means of the known voltage applied to the glow plug.
  • the microcontroller 5 is connected to a human-machine interface or HMI 7, which is set up to output an optical and / or audible warning signal, and to a fault memory 19.
  • An annealing cycle of the glow plug 1 is understood to be the time during which the glow plug 1 is continuously supplied with a sequence of voltage pulses of a respective electrical voltage in order to support a cold start of the motor.
  • the power supply of the glow plug 1 and the annealing cycle end as soon as the engine 3 no longer requires support by the glow plug 1, where as the driving cycle, the time between starting and stopping the engine 3 is understood regardless of whether the vehicle is actually moving.
  • the glow plug 1 assists the cold start of the engine 3 and the engine 3 usually does not cease operation at the end of the glow cycle of the glow plug 1, the start of a drive cycle coincides with the beginning of a respective glow cycle of the glow plug 1, but the drive cycle lasts usually longer than the annealing cycle.
  • FIG. 2 now shows three consecutive annealing cycles 8, 9, 10 of the glow plug 1, the respective driving cycles of the motor 3 correspond and may be of different duration. Because the start of each of the annealing cycles 8, 9, 10 coincides with the beginning of a respective driving cycle, a respective driving cycle ends at a time between two respective ones of the annealing cycles 8, 9, 10 so that the engine 3 immediately before the start of each annealing cycle 8, 9, 10 is switched off, wherein the time between the driving cycles or the annealing cycles 8, 9, 10 is generally irregular and arbitrary.
  • a time interval 11 is drawn, whose beginning is identical to the beginning of the Glühzyklusses 8 and whose duration is less than 25 s.
  • the glow plug 1 has not yet reached its operating temperature. Accordingly, a resistance determined by the microcontroller 5 during a voltage pulse 17 in the time interval 11 is a cold resistance of the glow plug 1
  • a time interval 12 is drawn in, the earliest 60 s after the start of the Glühzyklusses 8 begins.
  • the glow plug 1 has reached its operating temperature, and a resistance determined by the microcontroller 5 during a voltage pulse in the time interval 12 is accordingly a hot resistance of the glow plug 1.
  • FIG. 3a are in a resistance-time diagram to see the time course of the cold resistance of the glow plug 1 after 3000 annealing cycles and after 10,000 annealing cycles during two individual successive voltage pulses, wherein the graph provided with the reference numeral 13 represents the cold resistance 13 of the glow plug 1 after 3000 annealing cycles while the graph provided with the reference numeral 14 represents the cold resistance 14 of the glow plug 1 after 10000 annealing cycles.
  • the graph provided with the reference numeral 13 represents the cold resistance 13 of the glow plug 1 after 3000 annealing cycles
  • the graph provided with the reference numeral 14 represents the cold resistance 14 of the glow plug 1 after 10000 annealing cycles.
  • the cold resistance 14 of the older glow plug exceeds the value of 0.5 ⁇ already at the beginning of the first voltage pulse and grows in the further course of the voltage pulse to above 0.6 ⁇ , while in the course of the second voltage pulse with slight slope values between 0 , 5 ⁇ and 0.6 ⁇ .
  • the hot resistance of the glow plug 1 also after 3000 Glühzyklen and after 10,000 annealing cycles during two individual successive voltage pulses, the glow plug 1 after 3000 annealing cycles, the hot resistor 15 and after 10000 annealing cycles has the hot resistor 16. It is striking that the younger glow plug 1 after 3000 Glühzyklen during both voltage pulses has a nearly constant resistance between 1.2 ⁇ and 1.4 ⁇ , while the older glow plug after 10000 Glühzyklen at the beginning of each voltage pulse has a higher resistance of over 1.4 ⁇ , which drops in the course of the voltage pulse, however. Accordingly, the older glow plug 1 is characterized by a falling course of the hot resistor 14 during a voltage pulse. In other words, the change with time or the gradient of the hot resistor 14 is negative.
  • step S1 the cold resistance of the glow plug 1 during a single voltage pulse 17 is determined by the microcontroller 5 in step S2 detected within the time interval 11 of the Glühzyklusses 8. From this cold resistance, a comparison value is derived by the evaluation unit 6 in the subsequent step S3, which in the simplest case is identical to the cold resistance. From the evaluation unit 6, a condition for the comparison value is specified in step S4. Again, in the simplest case, this condition consists of a threshold that must not be exceeded by the comparison value. For example, in the case of FIGS. 3a ) and 3b ) a threshold value of 0.6 ⁇ can be specified.
  • step S5 it is checked in step S5 whether the comparison value or the cold resistance satisfies the predetermined condition, ie in the present case whether the cold resistance of the glow plug 1 is greater than 0.6 ⁇ . If this is the case, signals are output from the microcontroller 5 to the glow time control device 4 and to the HMI 7 in step S6 to cause the glow time control device 4 to supply the glow plug 1 with only a predetermined operating voltage in the following, while the HMI 7 for Issue of an optical and / or audible warning signal is caused.
  • step S7 If, on the other hand, it is determined in step S5 that the cold resistance is less than 0.6 ⁇ , no signal is output by the microcontroller 5 and the method ends with step S8.
  • step S2 instead of the cold resistance of the glow plug 1 whose hot resistance is measured, for example, during a single voltage pulse 18, which is within the in the FIG. 2 shown time interval 12 of the Glühzyklusses 8 is located.
  • step S3 the Gradient of the hot resistance derived from this and used as a reference. Since a glow plug 1 shortly before failure has a negative hot resistance gradient during a voltage pulse, it is expedient in step S4 to predetermine for the comparison value as a condition that the comparison value must be negative or less than zero.
  • step S5 the sign of the comparison value is checked. If this is negative, ie if the hot resistance has a negative gradient, steps S6 and S7 take place successively. On the other hand, if the sign is zero or positive, step S8 occurs.
  • the two described methods can also be combined by detecting both the cold resistance during the voltage pulse 17 and the hot resistance during the voltage pulse 18 and, as explained above, the cold resistance and the gradient of the hot resistance are derived as respective comparison values and respective conditions for these comparison values be explained above.
  • step S5 these conditions are then checked for both the cold resistance and the gradient of the hot resistance, and steps S6 and S7 are carried out as far as either the cold resistance or the gradient of the hot resistance or both satisfy the respective condition.
  • the method can be executed with any number of comparison values and respective conditions for these comparison values.
  • comparison values in addition to the cold resistance and the gradient of the hot resistance, the hot resistance itself and / or the gradient of the cold resistance can be used alternatively or in combination in particular.
  • the measured resistances and / or the comparison values are stored in order to enable them during execution of the method during a subsequent annealing cycle for specifying the condition in step S4 use.
  • the measured cold and hot resistances and / or the comparative values derived therefrom such as cold resistance, hot resistance and gradient of the cold resistance and gradient of the hot resistance are stored in a ring memory.
  • the stored comparison values of the previous annealing cycle 9 are read from the ring memory in step S4.
  • read-out comparison values are used to specify suitable conditions for the comparison values obtained during the annealing cycle 10.
  • suitable conditions for the comparison values obtained during the annealing cycle 10.
  • one possible condition would be that the difference in the cold resistances of the annealing cycles 9 and 10 should not exceed a predetermined threshold. In this way, sudden changes in resistance of the glow plug 1 between individual annealing cycles 8, 9, 10 can be detected.
  • the differences between the comparison values of the annealing cycles 9 and 10 are written into the ring memory as additional comparison values with the remaining comparison values of the annealing cycle 10, in order to be read out in a subsequent annealing cycle as described in step S4 and used to specify suitable conditions.
  • the comparative values of this very first annealing cycle are permanently stored as a so-called "primary vector" for the entire service life of the glow plug when the method is performed during the very first annealing cycle immediately after startup of the glow plug.
  • this initial vector is read out during the execution of the method during each subsequent annealing cycle and used to specify conditions for the comparison values of the respective annealing cycle.
  • the comparison values be that they may not deviate from a given value of corresponding components of the original vector. Is it, for example, in the annealing cycle 8 in the FIG.
  • step S3 the comparison values derived in step S3 during the annealing cycle 8 are permanently stored as the original vector.
  • this initial vector is read out in step S4 and the condition is specified that the comparison values of the respective annealing cycle may not deviate from the comparison values in the original vector by more than predefined threshold values . If it is determined in step S5 that the deviation of a comparison value from the corresponding comparison value of the original vector exceeds the predetermined threshold value, steps S6 and S7 are executed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP08105784A 2008-02-04 2008-11-12 Prevision de panne pour une bougie de préchauffage alimentée avec une séquence continue de impulsions de tension Withdrawn EP2085607A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810007391 DE102008007391A1 (de) 2008-02-04 2008-02-04 Ausfallfrüherkennung bei einer mit einer kontinuierlichen Folge von Spannungspulsen versorgten Glühkerze

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EP2085607A1 true EP2085607A1 (fr) 2009-08-05

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EP08105784A Withdrawn EP2085607A1 (fr) 2008-02-04 2008-11-12 Prevision de panne pour une bougie de préchauffage alimentée avec une séquence continue de impulsions de tension

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160195056A1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2016-07-07 Bosch Corporation Glow plug diagnosis method and vehicle glow plug drive control apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009020148B4 (de) * 2009-05-05 2011-09-01 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Heizcharakteristik einer Glühkerze
DE102009061079B4 (de) * 2009-05-05 2016-09-29 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Heizcharakteristik einer Glühkerze

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0359848A1 (fr) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de prévention de surchauffe de résistances de chauffage alimentées en courant continu
DE19718750A1 (de) * 1996-05-10 1997-11-13 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperaturmessung von Glühkerzen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine
US6148258A (en) * 1991-10-31 2000-11-14 Nartron Corporation Electrical starting system for diesel engines
DE102006010083A1 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-06-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
DE102006025834A1 (de) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Steuern einer Glühkerze in einem Dieselmotor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0359848A1 (fr) * 1988-09-20 1990-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de prévention de surchauffe de résistances de chauffage alimentées en courant continu
US6148258A (en) * 1991-10-31 2000-11-14 Nartron Corporation Electrical starting system for diesel engines
DE19718750A1 (de) * 1996-05-10 1997-11-13 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Temperaturmessung von Glühkerzen einer selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschine
DE102006010083A1 (de) * 2005-09-21 2007-06-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
DE102006025834A1 (de) * 2006-06-02 2007-12-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Steuern einer Glühkerze in einem Dieselmotor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160195056A1 (en) * 2012-12-27 2016-07-07 Bosch Corporation Glow plug diagnosis method and vehicle glow plug drive control apparatus
US9822755B2 (en) * 2012-12-27 2017-11-21 Bosch Corporation Glow plug diagnosis method and vehicle glow plug drive control apparatus
EP2940288A4 (fr) * 2012-12-27 2018-01-10 Bosch Corporation Procédé de diagnostic de bougie à incandescence et dispositif pour commander l'attaque d'une bougie à incandescence de véhicule

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