EP2080572A1 - Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material - Google Patents
Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2080572A1 EP2080572A1 EP08151306A EP08151306A EP2080572A1 EP 2080572 A1 EP2080572 A1 EP 2080572A1 EP 08151306 A EP08151306 A EP 08151306A EP 08151306 A EP08151306 A EP 08151306A EP 2080572 A1 EP2080572 A1 EP 2080572A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fastener
- procedure
- cold forging
- shank
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FCZCIXQGZOUIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxyacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)COP(=S)(OCC)OCC FCZCIXQGZOUIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/56—Making machine elements screw-threaded elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/44—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like
- B21K1/46—Making machine elements bolts, studs, or the like with heads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of forming a metal fastener, in particular a method for cold forging high strength fastener with austenitic 300 series material.
- a conventional method 1 of manufacturing a fastener comprises a sequence of procedures, which include a procedure of preparation 11, a procedure of head formation 12, a procedure of drill point formation 13, a procedure of threads formation 14 and a procedure of heat treatment 15; wherein, a raw shaft 21, made of the austenitic 302 or 304 stainless steel, is initially arranged in the preparation 11 and provides with a first diameter "d" for instance the specification of #12 (approximately of 5.5 mm) and a maximum shearing force approached 2630 pounds. Further, the raw shaft 21 respectively forms a head 23 and a shank 24 extended therefrom and thereafter forms a drilling portion 25 disposed reverse to the head 23 by the formation procedures 12 and 13.
- a plurality of threads 26 are sequentially convolved on the shank 24 by a thread roller machine, thus obtaining a preliminary fastener.
- the fastener is susceptible of carburizing and quenching inside a heat furnace for altering the molecular arrangement thereof and is also coated with a carburized layer 27 thereon for increasing the hardness thereof.
- the above apparatuses here are omitted in Figures.
- the conventional method may have some disadvantages:
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for cold forging high strength fastener with austenitic 300 series material which facilitates to achieve a high strength and an effective corrosion resistance, simultaneously to obtain a rapid manufacture, a lower manufacturing cost and the using security.
- the method in accordance with the present invention comprises in sequence a procedure of preparation, a procedure of head formation, a procedure of drill point formation, and a procedure of thread formation. That is, preparing an austenitic raw shaft and reducing its diameter by cold forging so as to generate a preliminary shank, which can bear above 1/2 force more than the raw shaft; further passing through the formation procedures in sequence to build an integral fastener.
- the entire cold forging work facilitates to fabricate the integral fastener with high strength and harness without any additional heating procedures, thus decreasing the manufacturing cost and process; moreover, the fastener has a better elongation to avoid being broken while screwing so as to increase the screwing security.
- a method 3 of a first preferred embodiment for cold forging a high strength fastener comprises the steps of a process of preparation 31 for preparing a raw shaft 41 having a first diameter " d1 " fabricated of austenitic 300 series material, for instance of 302 or 304 stainless steel, and the raw shaft 41 is initially squeezed by cold forging for reducing above 15% of the first diameter " d1 " and a preliminary shank 42 with a second diameter " d2 " is hence generated.
- the second diameter "d2" is measured of 5.5mm, and the first diameter should be predetermined at least of 6.325mm, so that the second diameter "d2" smaller than the first diameter " d1 " assists the shank 42 to undertake in excess of 1/2 force to the raw shaft 41, namely the shank 42 is subjected to the maximum shearing force of 4065.25 pounds, extremely larger than the conventional method (2630 pounds).
- the preliminary shank 42 forms a screw head 43 at one end thereof through a procedure of head formation 32 and the head 43 has a third diameter "d3" greater than the second diameter "d2" of the shank 42.
- a drilling portion 44 is thereafter cold forged at the other end of the shank 42, reverse to the head 43, so as to increase the hardness of the drilling portion 44.
- a plurality of screw threads 45 are convolved on the shank 42 by a thread roller machine (not shown), hence an integral fastener 4 is accomplished.
- the fastener 4 increases its case hardness and strength by passing from the cold forging of the preparation 31, thence to the head and the drill point formation 32, 33, and then to the thread forming formation 34 to impart multiple squeezing forces to the shank 42. Furthermore, the integral fastener 4 can additionally experience a procedure of whitening 35 for cleaning the remnants on the outer surface thereof, thereby retrieving primary colors of the raw austenitic 300 series materials and maintaining a bright appearance.
- fastener 4 has been previously tested in different areas and provides with some experimental statistics as presented in tabled below: (1) For utilized in construction industry 8 random samples of fasteners made by the present invention and providing with the specification of #12 ⁇ 35 are adopted in the experiment and here the table 1 shows the numerals relative to the hardness, torque, shearing force and loading weight while in screwing: (Referring to Fig.
- a second preferred embodiment of the present invention still comprises the same procedures of preparation 31 , the head formation 32, the drill point formation 33 and threads formation 34.
- a procedure of corrosion resistance 36 can be carried out after the threads forming procedure 34 depend on the market demand in order to coat with a rust-resistant layer 46 (as shown in Fig. 7 ) on an outer surface of the integral fastener 4 for achieving superior corrosion protection.
- the present invention has following advantages:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of forming a metal fastener, in particular a method for cold forging high strength fastener with austenitic 300 series material.
- Referring to
Fig. 1 and2 , aconventional method 1 of manufacturing a fastener comprises a sequence of procedures, which include a procedure ofpreparation 11, a procedure ofhead formation 12, a procedure ofdrill point formation 13, a procedure ofthreads formation 14 and a procedure ofheat treatment 15; wherein, araw shaft 21, made of the austenitic 302 or 304 stainless steel, is initially arranged in thepreparation 11 and provides with a first diameter "d" for instance the specification of #12 (approximately of 5.5 mm) and a maximum shearing force approached 2630 pounds. Further, theraw shaft 21 respectively forms ahead 23 and ashank 24 extended therefrom and thereafter forms adrilling portion 25 disposed reverse to thehead 23 by theformation procedures threads 26 are sequentially convolved on theshank 24 by a thread roller machine, thus obtaining a preliminary fastener. Ultimately, the fastener is susceptible of carburizing and quenching inside a heat furnace for altering the molecular arrangement thereof and is also coated with acarburized layer 27 thereon for increasing the hardness thereof. The above apparatuses here are omitted in Figures. - However, the conventional method may have some disadvantages:
- 1. Higher manufacturing cost and more procedures
Although the integral fastener includes higher strength than the raw shaft through the concatenating procedures of formations, the fastener still requires the heat treating procedure to enhance its case hardness, so that the fastener can be smoothly drilled into objects. Additionally, the fastener would facilely become rusty and corrosive by the carburized layer and the additional process for corrosion resistance is necessary, whereby the conventional method results of increasing the cost and adding more excess manufacturing procedures. - 2. Descending the quality of the fastener
The procedure of heat treatment may assist the fastener to increase its case hardness but may negatively soften its core hardness susceptible of the high temperature in carburizing and quenching, thus decreasing the elongation of the fastener to result in the broken thereof or difficultly drilling the fastener into objects. Therefore, it would affect the screwing security. - The object of the present invention is to provide a method for cold forging high strength fastener with austenitic 300 series material which facilitates to achieve a high strength and an effective corrosion resistance, simultaneously to obtain a rapid manufacture, a lower manufacturing cost and the using security.
- The method in accordance with the present invention comprises in sequence a procedure of preparation, a procedure of head formation, a procedure of drill point formation, and a procedure of thread formation. That is, preparing an austenitic raw shaft and reducing its diameter by cold forging so as to generate a preliminary shank, which can bear above 1/2 force more than the raw shaft; further passing through the formation procedures in sequence to build an integral fastener. In this manner, the entire cold forging work facilitates to fabricate the integral fastener with high strength and harness without any additional heating procedures, thus decreasing the manufacturing cost and process; moreover, the fastener has a better elongation to avoid being broken while screwing so as to increase the screwing security.
- The advantages of the present invention over the known prior art will become more apparent to those of ordinary skilled in the art upon reading the following descriptions in junction with the accompanying drawings.
-
-
Fig. 1 is a flow diagram showing a conventional method of manufacturing a stainless fastener; -
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the conventional procedures; -
Fig. 3 is a flow diagram showing a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; -
Fig. 4 is a schematic view for showing the procedures ofFig. 3 ; -
Figs. 5a and 5b respective indicate the torque range in the experiment relating to the torque value and the angle; -
Fig. 6 is a flow diagram showing a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and -
Fig. 7 is a schematic view shown an integral fastener ofFig. 6 . - Before the present invention is described in greater detail, it should be noted that the like elements are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the disclosure.
- Referring to
Fig. 3 and4 , amethod 3 of a first preferred embodiment for cold forging a high strength fastener comprises the steps of a process ofpreparation 31 for preparing araw shaft 41 having a first diameter "d1" fabricated of austenitic 300 series material, for instance of 302 or 304 stainless steel, and theraw shaft 41 is initially squeezed by cold forging for reducing above 15% of the first diameter "d1" and apreliminary shank 42 with a second diameter "d2" is hence generated. Assumed that the second diameter "d2" is measured of 5.5mm, and the first diameter should be predetermined at least of 6.325mm, so that the second diameter "d2" smaller than the first diameter "d1" assists theshank 42 to undertake in excess of 1/2 force to theraw shaft 41, namely theshank 42 is subjected to the maximum shearing force of 4065.25 pounds, extremely larger than the conventional method (2630 pounds). - Still further, the
preliminary shank 42 forms ascrew head 43 at one end thereof through a procedure ofhead formation 32 and thehead 43 has a third diameter "d3" greater than the second diameter "d2" of theshank 42. In a procedure ofdrill point formation 33, adrilling portion 44 is thereafter cold forged at the other end of theshank 42, reverse to thehead 43, so as to increase the hardness of thedrilling portion 44. Further at a procedure ofthread formation 34, a plurality ofscrew threads 45 are convolved on theshank 42 by a thread roller machine (not shown), hence anintegral fastener 4 is accomplished. Thefastener 4 increases its case hardness and strength by passing from the cold forging of thepreparation 31, thence to the head and thedrill point formation thread forming formation 34 to impart multiple squeezing forces to theshank 42. Furthermore, theintegral fastener 4 can additionally experience a procedure ofwhitening 35 for cleaning the remnants on the outer surface thereof, thereby retrieving primary colors of the raw austenitic 300 series materials and maintaining a bright appearance. - Moreover, the
fastener 4 has been previously tested in different areas and provides with some experimental statistics as presented in tabled below:
(1) For utilized in construction industry
8 random samples of fasteners made by the present invention and providing with the specification of #12×35 are adopted in the experiment and here the table 1 shows the numerals relative to the hardness, torque, shearing force and loading weight while in screwing: (Referring toFig. 5a and 5b )TABLE 1 CHARACTERISTICS RESULTS REFERENCE Surface Hardness-Thread 402∼423 HV0.3 Surface Hardness-Drill Point 395∼432 HV0.3 Torsional Strength 124.15∼124.28in.lb (Maximum value) Equating with 143.08∼143.20kg.cm (metric system) Shearing Force 4065.25 pounds Loading Weight 6045 pounds
8 random samples of fasteners made by the present invention and providing with the specification of M8×1.25×32mm are adopted in the experiment and here the table 2 shows the practical numerals by comparing to the standard level:Table 2 CHARATERISTICS RESULTS STANDARD VALUE Core Hardness 37-38 HRC 33-39 HRC Axial Tensile Strength 124-125kg/mm2 110 Min.kg/mm2 Elongation 12-14% 10 MIN.%
(3) Inspection on Corrosion Test
Further, the experiment carries out both Salt Spray Test and Kesternich Test procedure per DIN 50018 for corrosion tests, and the results indicate that the fastener does not appear patches of rust and corrosion thereon. Therefore, the fastener of the present invention substantially achieves a better corrosion resistance.
Referring toFig. 6 , a second preferred embodiment of the present invention still comprises the same procedures ofpreparation 31, thehead formation 32, thedrill point formation 33 andthreads formation 34. Particularly, a procedure ofcorrosion resistance 36 can be carried out after thethreads forming procedure 34 depend on the market demand in order to coat with a rust-resistant layer 46 (as shown inFig. 7 ) on an outer surface of theintegral fastener 4 for achieving superior corrosion protection.
In view of the above descriptions, the present invention has following advantages: - 1. Higher strength without proceeding heat treatment
By means of the procedure of preparation, the raw shaft is initially squeezed by cold forging to generate a preliminary shank with a smaller diameter, which results of the shank providing with higher density and strength for bearing above 1/2 force greater than the raw shaft. The subsequent procedures of formations also experience the conformity forging method with the initially process so as to avoid breaking the molecular arrangements of the austenitic materials and simultaneous reinforce the strength and hardness for the fastener to be firmly drilled into the objects. - 2. Effective corrosion resistance and more screwing security
Due to that the fastener is not susceptible of the carburizing and quenching, the present invention is conducive to raise the producing speed and reduce the manufacturing cost. Additionally, the core and case hardness of the fastener would not be influenced while being devoid of the heat treatment procedure and the fastener would increase its corrosion resistance without being carburized, hence the present invention can have better elongation to prevent an unintentional broken, increase the screwing security and achieve better corrosion resisting effect.
To sum up, the present invention takes advantage of cold forging for initially preparing a preliminary shank with higher core and case hardness and subsequently passing through the head, the drilling portion and threads formations to generate the integral fastener with high strength and hardness. In this manner, the present invention deviates from the conventional heat treatment, which facilitates to decrease the manufacturing cost, improve the corrosion situation and simultaneously enhance the screwing security.
While we have shown and described the embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that further embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- A method (3) for cold forging high strength fastener with austenite 300 series material comprising the steps of:a preparation (31) for preparing a raw austenite 300 series shaft (41) having a first diameter (d1), which is initially squeezed by cold forging for reducing above 15% of said first diameter (d1) and hence generating a preliminary shank (42) with a second diameter (d2) smaller than said first diameter, thus said shank (42) undertaking above 1/2 force greater than said raw shaft (41) ;a head formation (32) for forming a screw head (43) at one end of said shank (42) ;a drill point formation (33) for forging a drill portion (44) at the other end of said shank (42), opposite to said screw head (43); anda thread formation (34) for continuously rolling a plurality of screw threads (45) between said head (43) and said drilling portion (44), hence an integral fastener (4) is accomplished.
- The method as claimed in claimed 1, wherein, a procedure of whitening (35) is subsequently proceeding after said procedure of thread formation (34) for retrieving primary color of said raw austenite 300 series materials.
- The method as claimed in claimed 1, wherein, a procedure of corrosion resistance (36) is subsequently proceeding after said procedure of thread formation (34) in order to coat with a rust-resistant layer (46) on an outer surface of said integral fastener (4) for corrosion protection.
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK08151306.1T DK2080572T3 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Process for cold forging high strength fastener of austenitic 300 series material |
PL08151306T PL2080572T3 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
SI200830021T SI2080572T1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
DE602008000489T DE602008000489D1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method of cold forging a high strength fastener made of austenitic 300 series material |
ES08151306T ES2339190T3 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | METHOD FOR COLDING A HIGH RESISTANCE FIXING ELEMENT FROM A 300 SERIES AUSTETINIC MATERIAL. |
PT08151306T PT2080572E (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
EP08151306A EP2080572B9 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
AT08151306T ATE453470T1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | METHOD FOR COLD FORGING A HIGH STRENGTH FASTENER FROM AUSTENITIC SERIES 300 MATERIAL |
HR20100179T HRP20100179T1 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2010-03-29 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08151306A EP2080572B9 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2080572A1 true EP2080572A1 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
EP2080572B1 EP2080572B1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
EP2080572B9 EP2080572B9 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
Family
ID=39618967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08151306A Active EP2080572B9 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method for cold forging high strength fastener from austenitic 300 series material |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2080572B9 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE453470T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602008000489D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2080572T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2339190T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20100179T1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2080572T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2080572E (en) |
SI (1) | SI2080572T1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105478650A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 中国航空工业标准件制造有限责任公司 | Method for thermally upsetting and forming flange plate bolt head |
EP3945145A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-02 | SFS Intec Holding AG | Zn-ni as a coating layer on self-drilling screws of austenitic stainless steel |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2025810A (en) * | 1978-07-20 | 1980-01-30 | Illinois Tool Works | Stainless steel drill screws and methods of making |
EP0028985A1 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-05-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | A method for making fasteners by drawing a cold wire or rod |
JPH04219512A (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-08-10 | Nippon Power Fuasuningu Kk | Manufacture of stainless steel drill screw |
US6017274A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 2000-01-25 | Automotive Racing Products, Inc. | Method of forming a fastener |
-
2008
- 2008-02-12 AT AT08151306T patent/ATE453470T1/en active
- 2008-02-12 PL PL08151306T patent/PL2080572T3/en unknown
- 2008-02-12 DK DK08151306.1T patent/DK2080572T3/en active
- 2008-02-12 SI SI200830021T patent/SI2080572T1/en unknown
- 2008-02-12 ES ES08151306T patent/ES2339190T3/en active Active
- 2008-02-12 PT PT08151306T patent/PT2080572E/en unknown
- 2008-02-12 DE DE602008000489T patent/DE602008000489D1/en active Active
- 2008-02-12 EP EP08151306A patent/EP2080572B9/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-03-29 HR HR20100179T patent/HRP20100179T1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2025810A (en) * | 1978-07-20 | 1980-01-30 | Illinois Tool Works | Stainless steel drill screws and methods of making |
EP0028985A1 (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-05-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | A method for making fasteners by drawing a cold wire or rod |
JPH04219512A (en) * | 1990-10-17 | 1992-08-10 | Nippon Power Fuasuningu Kk | Manufacture of stainless steel drill screw |
US6017274A (en) * | 1997-09-02 | 2000-01-25 | Automotive Racing Products, Inc. | Method of forming a fastener |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105478650A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 中国航空工业标准件制造有限责任公司 | Method for thermally upsetting and forming flange plate bolt head |
EP3945145A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-02 | SFS Intec Holding AG | Zn-ni as a coating layer on self-drilling screws of austenitic stainless steel |
US11920624B2 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2024-03-05 | SFS Group International AG | Zn-Ni as a coating layer on self-drilling screws of austenitic stainless steel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE453470T1 (en) | 2010-01-15 |
HRP20100179T1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
PL2080572T3 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
PT2080572E (en) | 2010-04-06 |
DE602008000489D1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
DK2080572T3 (en) | 2010-04-12 |
EP2080572B1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
SI2080572T1 (en) | 2010-04-30 |
ES2339190T3 (en) | 2010-05-17 |
EP2080572B9 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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