EP2074728A2 - Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé

Info

Publication number
EP2074728A2
EP2074728A2 EP07821019A EP07821019A EP2074728A2 EP 2074728 A2 EP2074728 A2 EP 2074728A2 EP 07821019 A EP07821019 A EP 07821019A EP 07821019 A EP07821019 A EP 07821019A EP 2074728 A2 EP2074728 A2 EP 2074728A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
code
time
bits
symbols
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07821019A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arnaud Gueguen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
InterDigital CE Patent Holdings SAS
Original Assignee
Thomson Licensing SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Licensing SAS filed Critical Thomson Licensing SAS
Priority to EP07821019A priority Critical patent/EP2074728A2/fr
Publication of EP2074728A2 publication Critical patent/EP2074728A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0606—Space-frequency coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/13—Linear codes
    • H03M13/15—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
    • H03M13/151—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes using error location or error correction polynomials
    • H03M13/1515—Reed-Solomon codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for transmitting a stream of data in a wireless system comprising a transmitter with at least two antennas.
  • the present invention also relates to a transmitter implementing this method and a receiver for receiving a signal transmitted using this method.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the space -time coding schemes encode the signal to be transmitted both over the time dimension and the space dimension (the transmit antennas).
  • the time dimension may be replaced by the frequency dimension for multi-carrier systems, yielding space -frequency coding.
  • a full rate code referred to as Golden code has recently been designed to address two transmit antennas, which outperforms any other codes.
  • the present invention makes use of this Golden code or any other type of robust space-time code, combined with adequate external non binary coding, interleaving and modulation to provide a highly spectrally efficient and robust transmission scheme that is easy to implement.
  • the present invention relates to a method for transmitting a stream of data in a system comprising a transmitter with at least two antennas, said method comprising the steps of: - dividing the stream of data in first words of k bits,
  • the first words being the symbols of the non binary code and the size (k) in bits of the code symbols dividing the number of bits per space-time codeword
  • the present invention consists in using a well dimensioned non binary code, more particularly a Reed Solomon (RS) channel code over GF(2 k ), followed by a symbol interleaver, a digital modulation and a space- time code, more particularly a perfect code, and even more particularly a Golden code to achieve highly robust transmissions with at least two transmission antennas and at least two receiving antennas;
  • RS Reed Solomon
  • a space- time code more particularly a perfect code
  • Golden code even more particularly a Golden code
  • the method of the present invention also comprises a step of interleaving space-time code words in space-frequency code words then modulating the space-frequency code words using a multi carrier modulation technique.
  • the interleaving of space-time code words into space-frequency code words is such that the sub-carriers of a space-frequency code word are as far as possible. This brings several advantages:
  • mapping used a Gray type code with a constellation wherein the labels of two adjacent points are modified on one bit.
  • mapping used a quasi Gray code wherein the labels of two adjacent points are modified on a minimum number of one bit except for one point per quadrant.
  • the present invention also relates to a transmitter for implementing the above method comprising a first coding circuit using non binary code for coding the stream of data in symbols of k bits, a k bits symbol wise interleaving circuit, a mapping and modulation circuit for mapping symbols of log2(M) bits in complex symbols among M possible values and a second coding circuit using a space-time code.
  • the transmitter may also comprise a time frequency interleaving circuit followed by N multi carrier modulators, N corresponding to the number of antennas.
  • the present invention relates to a receiver comprising at least two antennas and a space time decoder for receiving a signal transmitted with the above method.
  • FIG.1 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG.2 is a schematic illustrating the operation of the symbol wise interleaving circuit
  • FIG.3 is a representation of a 32 QAM constellation according to the invention
  • FIG.4 is a schematic illustrating the operation of the time frequency interleaving circuit.
  • FIG.1 represents a base band transmitter according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data bits are first encoded using a Reed Solomon encoder 1 as non binary code encoder.
  • the encoder uses an alphabet of symbols made of k bits in which the symbol size k divides the number of bits per space-time code words used in the multi carrier modulation as explained here after.
  • the non binary encoder produces from sequences of symbols, code words on the same k bits symbols alphabet. These symbols are then interleaved by a k bits symbols interleaving circuit 2. More specifically, the interleaving circuit is a row column interleaving circuit as explained here after with reference to FIG.2.
  • the binary stream of interleaved symbols is split into groups of log2(M) bits to be modulated by a QAM modulation.
  • the modulation is a 32 QAM modulation.
  • each group of log2(M) comprises 5 bits.
  • Each group of 5 consecutive bits is then mapped and modulated according to a 32 QAM modulation in the circuit 3.
  • This type of modulation will be explained later on with reference to FIG.3
  • the resulting complex symbols are then grouped by four and encoded in the encoder 4 with a space-time code, more particularly a perfect code such as the Golden code.
  • the resulting output four complex symbols are then transmitted over two well separated frequency bins of a same OFDM symbol in the present invention.
  • the space-time code at the output of the Golden code encoder is turned into a space-frequency code using a time-frequency interleaving circuit 5.
  • the two symbols streams resulting from the time-frequency interleaving circuit are sent to two OFDM modulators 6A and 6B associated with each transmitting antenna 7A and 7B.
  • the resulting base band signals on the two paths are transposed to RF signals and sent to the antennas.
  • the method for transmitting a stream of data in a multiple antenna wireless transmission system according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig.2 to 4.
  • the stream of data is divided in blocks of bits. Then, it is first encoded with a forward error correction (FEC) code.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the FEC code is preferably a non binary code, more preferably in the present embodiment a Reed-Solomon (RS) code over GF(2 k ) where GF is the Gallois field and k is the symbol size in bits.
  • RS Reed-Solomon
  • the value of k is determined in function of the modulation and of a further coding.
  • the modulation is a QAM modulation, more particularly a 32 QAM modulation and the coding is done using a space-time code, in particular a perfect code such as the Golden code.
  • a codeword of the Golden code encodes 20 bits in the case of a 32 QAM modulation having symbols of 5 bits (four 32QAM symbols) and codeword errors therefore span 20 bits, k is advantageously taken as dividing 20.
  • the encoded bits are then interleaved symbol -wise with a row column interleaver, where each symbol is made of k consecutive bits.
  • the aim of the symbol interleaver is to spread such errors on as many RS codewords as possible, ideally below the error correction capability of each of them. This is depicted on figure 2.
  • the top part of Figure 2 represents the RS code words at the input of the interleaver (or equivalently, without any interleaver).
  • the code words are made each of 7 symbols ,each symbol being made of 5 bits.
  • 3 consecutive RS codewords are represented on Figure 2. Without any interleaving, an error made on a space-time codeword would affect a single RS codeword and could not be corrected. So the data are sent on a symbol row-column interleaver. The code words are written row wise and read column wise.
  • the structure of the RS code words at the output is such that the RS code words are multiplexed with a symbol of a RS codeword 1 followed by a symbol of a RS codeword 2 followed by symbol of a RS codeword 3.
  • the same error event on the space-time codeword now spans 3 RS code words and can be corrected.
  • the interleaved bit stream thus obtained is split into groups of log2(M) bits, for example into groups of 5 bits in the case of a 32 QAM modulation. Each group of 5 consecutive bits is then mapped and modulated according to a 32QAM modulation as described in figure 3.
  • the code used in this case can not be a Gray code wherein the labels of two adjacent points are modified on one bit.
  • Gray code can be used with 2 2n QAM modulation where n is an integer, i.e. for instance 16QAM or 64QAM.
  • the groups of 5 bits are mapped onto complex symbols of a constellation wherein the constellation is a cross 32 QAM constellation and the label of two adjacent points are modified on a minimum number of one bit except for one set of two adjacent points (1 0010,00111 ; 10000,00101 ; 11000,01101 ; 11010,01111 ) in each quadrant.
  • 1/ V 20 is a normalization factor that guarantees that the average symbol energy is 1.
  • the resulting complex symbols are then grouped by 4 and encoded with a Golden code.
  • the Golden code is a particular type of space-time code that provides full transmit diversity while simultaneously allowing to obtain the same code rate as for spatial multiplexing. Indeed, a codeword of the Golden code carries 4 modulated symbols, it is transmitted over 2 antennas and spans 2 symbol durations. Combined with 32QAM, the overall spectral efficiency is then 10 bits/s/Hz or slightly less if we account for the RS code rate, which is usually close to 1.
  • the Golden code is defined by a complex 4x4 matrix and the encoding process by the multiplication of the input complex 4x1 symbol vector with the Golden code matrix.
  • r is the opposite of the conjugate of the Golden number.
  • c/r and c3r are the real parts of the encoded outputs sent on transmit antenna 1 , respectively at time instants 1 and 2.
  • c// and c3i are the imaginary parts of the encoded outputs sent on transmit antenna 1 , respectively at time instants 1 and 2.
  • c2r and c4r are the real parts of the encoded outputs sent on transmit antenna 2, respectively at time instants 1 and 2.
  • c2i and c4i are the imaginary parts of the encoded outputs sent on transmit antenna 2, respectively at time instants 1 and 2.
  • the resulting output 4 complex symbols are then transmitted on the 2 transmit antennas. Instead of being transmitted at 2 consecutive time instants as in the state of the art, they are transmitted over 2 well separated frequency bins of a same OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) symbol in the present embodiment.
  • the time dimension of the space-time code is replaced by the frequency dimension, hence the space- time code is turned into a space-frequency code. This is achieved by appropriate time-frequency interleaving preceding the OFDM modulation, as depicted on figure 4. It is obvious for the man skilled in the art that other multi carrier modulation can be used instead of the OFDM modulation.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the time-frequency interleaving for space-time codewords 1 to Nc dedicated to 2 consecutive OFDM symbols denoted OFDM1 and OFDM2, where Nc is the number of used subcarhers by the multicarrier modulation on the dedicated bandwidth.
  • the first Nc/2 space-time codewords are interleaved into space-frequency codewords on the first time instant OFDM1 while the remaining Nc/2 space-time codewords are interleaved into space- frequency codewords on the second time instant OFDM2.
  • the interleaving rule is slightly different for space-time codewords 1 to Nc/2 and space-time codewords Nc/2+1 to Nc.
  • the space-time code word 1 (Tx1 to Tx2 on the 2 time intervals OFDM1 and OFDM2) is interleaved into a space- frequency code word transmitted on subcarriers 1 and Nc/2+1 (Tx1 to Tx2 on the time interval OFDM1 ) .
  • the time instant OFDM1 of the space-time codewords 1 to Nc/2 is transmitted at time instant OFDM1 on the subcarriers 1 to Nc/2
  • the time instant OFDM2 of the same space-time codewords 1 to Nc/2 is transmitted at time instant OFDM1 on the subcarriers Nc/2+1 to Nc.
  • the interleaving is done so that the frequency bins carrying a space-frequency codeword are spaced as much as possible from each other.
  • the space-time code word Nc/2+1 (Tx1 to Tx2 on the 2 time intervals OFDM1 and OFDM2) is interleaved into a space-frequency code word transmitted on subcarriers Nc/2+1 and 1 (Tx1 to Tx2 on the time interval OFDM2).
  • the time instant OFDM1 of the space-time codewords Nc/2+1 to Nc is transmitted at time instant OFDM2 on the subcarriers Nc/2+1 to Nc
  • the time instant OFDM2 of the same space- time codewords Nc/2+1 to Nc is transmitted at time instant OFDM2 on the subcarriers 1 to Nc/2.
  • the difference of interleaving rule for the first Nc/2 space-time codewords and the last Nc/2 space-time codewords presents an advantage in the implementation of the channel equalization step at the receiver side.
  • the 2 symbols streams addressing the 2 transmit antennas and resulting from the time-frequency interleaver are then sent to the OFDM modulators associated with each transmit antenna.
  • the resulting baseband signals on the 2 paths are then transposed to RF and sent to the antennas
  • this interleaver turns the time dimension of the space time code into a frequency dimension, i.e. it turns the space-time code into a space- frequency code.
  • the invention outperforms 10bits/s/Hz state of the art schemes using 2 transmit antennas, when combined with a lattice based ML decoder at the receiver side.
  • the invention is versatile in terms of data rates and robustness.
  • the invention does not require soft decision outputs at the receiver side, in particular at the output of the space-time decoder, which has advantages in terms of implementation complexity and decoding latency.
  • the value of k can be chosen to be 8 giving a RS code over GF(256).
  • a PSK modulation can also be used.
  • the invention is described with two transmit antennas, however in a MIMO system, the number of transmit antennas might be different from 2 with an appropriate space-time code, this space-time code being a spatial multiplexing or a full diversity space-time block code or a perfect code when compatible with the number of transmit antennas.
  • the invention can be used with single carrier modulation instead of multicarher modulation. In such case, the time-frequency interleaver and OFDM modulators are replaced by single carrier modulators, each modulator being associated with a transmit antenna.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système comprenant un émetteur avec au moins deux antennes, ainsi qu'un émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à: - diviser le flux d'éléments de données en premiers mots de k bits, - coder (1) les premiers mots à l'aide d'un code non binaire, les premiers mots étant les symboles du code non binaire et la taille (k) en bits des symboles de code divisant le nombre de bits par mot code espace-temps, - entrelacer (2) les symboles codés au moyen d'un entrelaceur de symboles, - séparer le flux binaire entrelacé ainsi obtenu en groupes de (M) bits log2, - à mapper (3) les groupes de(M) bits log2 sur des symboles complexes à l'aide d'une constellation de points M, et, - coder (4) les symboles complexes à l'aide d'un code espace-temps afin d'obtenir des mots de codes espace-temps.
EP07821019A 2006-10-11 2007-10-08 Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé Ceased EP2074728A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07821019A EP2074728A2 (fr) 2006-10-11 2007-10-08 Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06301033A EP1912365A1 (fr) 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Méthode pour la transmission des données dans un système de communication avec au moins deux antennes et transmetteur
EP07821019A EP2074728A2 (fr) 2006-10-11 2007-10-08 Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé
PCT/EP2007/060646 WO2008043729A2 (fr) 2006-10-11 2007-10-08 Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2074728A2 true EP2074728A2 (fr) 2009-07-01

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Family Applications (2)

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EP06301033A Withdrawn EP1912365A1 (fr) 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Méthode pour la transmission des données dans un système de communication avec au moins deux antennes et transmetteur
EP07821019A Ceased EP2074728A2 (fr) 2006-10-11 2007-10-08 Procédé de transmission d'un flux de données dans un système sans fil avec au moins deux antennes et émetteur mettant en oeuvre ledit procédé

Family Applications Before (1)

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EP06301033A Withdrawn EP1912365A1 (fr) 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Méthode pour la transmission des données dans un système de communication avec au moins deux antennes et transmetteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1912365A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5237290B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101523789B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008043729A2 (fr)

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EP2228935A1 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-09-15 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Procédé et dispositifs de communication MIMO
CN102118351A (zh) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-06 上海贝尔股份有限公司 一种传输方法及其设备
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GB2493732B (en) * 2011-08-16 2014-03-05 Canon Kk Data blocks encoding and transmission over a diversity communication network
CN102957469B (zh) * 2011-08-29 2015-02-25 上海贝尔股份有限公司 生成高维Golden编码矩阵及使用该矩阵对数据编码的方法
JP6313949B2 (ja) * 2013-10-15 2018-04-18 日本放送協会 送信装置、受信装置、及びチップ
KR20160015711A (ko) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-15 삼성전자주식회사 무선 통신 시스템에서 비이진 채널 부호를 사용한 데이터 송수신 장치 및 방법
WO2016029343A1 (fr) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-03 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Procédés de transmission et de réception mis en œuvre dans des dispositifs de communication et dispositifs de communication associés
CN105610480B (zh) * 2014-11-20 2019-01-04 中兴通讯股份有限公司 数据传输方法及装置
CN108134654A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-08 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 一种提高超长数据报传输可靠性的方法及装置
RU2708349C1 (ru) * 2019-06-03 2019-12-05 Акционерное общество "Концерн "Созвездие" Способ передачи данных на основе кодов с низкой плотностью проверок на четность

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101523789B (zh) 2013-04-03
WO2008043729A2 (fr) 2008-04-17
CN101523789A (zh) 2009-09-02
WO2008043729A3 (fr) 2009-04-16
EP1912365A1 (fr) 2008-04-16
JP5237290B2 (ja) 2013-07-17
JP2010506524A (ja) 2010-02-25

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