EP2072438A2 - Device for tensioning shafts - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has two bearing inner rings (3) suspended on knife driving shafts (1, 2), which are arranged parallel to each other. The inner rings are fastened to the shafts by a removable clamping screw (4). Two bearing outer rings (5, 7) are suspended on the inner rings. A bearing e.g. needle bearing, is arranged between the inner rings and the outer rings. A metallic belt (6) and a screw fasten the outer rings opposite to each other. A collar and a plastic spring (11) counteract the movement of an end (6.2) of the belt that is formed as a steel rope.

Description

The invention relates to a device for bracing waves according to claim 1 and claim 9.

The EP 1 475 334 A1 shows a folding machine with a pair of knife shafts. The knife shafts are mounted parallel to each other between two spaced side walls of the folding machine. In order to be able to cut, perforate, crimp or press folded paper sheets perpendicular to a folding line, ie in the direction of sheet travel, pairs of knife shafts are arranged upstream or downstream of the folding rollers of a folding unit. These are usually knife shaft pairs, in which one blade shaft is equipped with tools and the other blade shaft with counter tools. The tools are mounted on tool holders, which are pushed onto the knife shafts.

The problem with such blade shafts is that, depending on the properties of the paper and unfavorable arrangements of the tool in the middle of the pair of knife shafts and depending on the type of tools, a bending of the knife shafts occurs while a respective paper sheet passes the knife shafts and is processed by the machining tools. For paper of high grammage and for sheets that have already been folded several times, the deflection of the knife shafts is particularly large. The mounting of the knife shafts in the side walls of the folding machine, which allows the knife shafts are moved apart against the force of a spring allows this Aufbieebewegung. However, the bend additionally causes a concave deflection of the knife shafts. The deflection of the knife shafts is problematic because the processing of a passing signature is then no longer ensured or at least can not be performed with the required accuracy.

To counteract this problem, the machine operator has previously tried to arrange the tools on the blade shafts as eccentrically as possible in order to minimize the bending moment and the deflection of the waves. However, due to the folding positions specified for a product, such an adaptation is only possible to a limited extent. Further and alternatively, to reduce the forces on a pair of knife shafts and to reduce the deflection of the waves, the tools were arranged by the machine operator on a subsequent pair of knife shafts, if the machine has such. However, the setup time of the machine is thereby unfavorably extended.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device which prevents the deflection of the waves or at least minimized and allows correct and accurate processing of the substrate.

This object is achieved by a device for bracing according to claim 1 and claim 9.

In a first embodiment, the device for clamping two mutually parallel rotating shafts in a substrate-processing machine has two bearing inner rings, two outer bearing rings and a clamping element. The element to brace is, for example, screws, clamps, pliers, ropes or the like, but advantageously a band. The shafts each carry at least one machining tool, which is usually a tool on one and a counter tool on the other shaft. On each of the two shafts ever a bearing inner ring can be pushed, fastened to the shaft and thus secured against displacement and rotation on the shaft. If the bearing inner rings are the same size, then they are equidistant from a shaft end of the respective shaft, ie the end faces of the two bearing inner rings lie in one plane. Different sized bearing inner rings are arranged so that the lateral surfaces are parallel to each other and spaced. On a respective bearing inner ring is ever a bearing outer ring pushed. Between bearing inner ring and bearing outer ring is a bearing which the rotation of the bearing inner ring relative to the bearing outer ring allows. The two bearing outer rings are braced against each other by the element for bracing. If the element is a band, then this is advantageously wrapped around the two bearing outer rings, and attached at its two ends to one of the bearing outer rings.

Due to the displaceability of the device for clamping on the shafts, it is possible to position the device as close as possible to the transport path of the substrates moved between the shafts. This not only acts on the shaft ends but intervenes where the deflection is greatest.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the band at its first end by means of a bolt fixed to the one bearing outer ring connectable and at its second end by means of a bolt in a slot of a bearing outer ring feasible. In the region of the second bearing outer ring, the band is not attached, but is there only on the lateral surface of the bearing outer ring. In this area, a friction pairing occurs between the belt and the lateral surface.
Further, the means for clamping has a spring mechanism which counteracts the movement of the second end of the band in the slot of the bearing outer ring. The spring mechanism thereby causes a tension of the two waves, which counteracts the deflection of the waves.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the band is connected at its first end fixed to the first bolt and the bolt can be suspended in a bore of a bearing outer ring. At its second end, the band is firmly connected to the second bolt and the bolt can be suspended in the slot of the bearing outer ring. In alternative solutions, the bolts are each connected to the bearing outer ring and the band has at its two ends in each case a hole and is thereby suspended in the bolt.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the spring mechanism is part of a sleeve which can be pushed onto the bearing outer ring. The spring mechanism has a Plastic spring, which counteracts the movements of the second end of the band, ie the movements of the second pin in the slot. The plastic spring may in particular be an elastic cylinder.

In a first embodiment, the band wraps around the bearing outer rings in the shape of an oval. The course of the band is as follows: at its first end, the band is firmly connected to the first bearing outer ring. The tape is guided on a part of the lateral surface of the first bearing outer ring, subsequently loses contact with the first bearing outer ring and is thereby guided tangentially to the first bearing outer ring and brought to the second bearing outer ring. Subsequently, over a length of half the circumference of the second bearing outer ring, the tape is guided along the lateral surface of the second bearing outer ring. Then the band loses contact with the second bearing outer ring again and is tangentially continued to the second bearing outer ring until it again comes into contact with the first bearing outer ring. The band is continued on a short path on the lateral surface of the first bearing outer ring and hung with its second end in the slot.

In a second, particularly advantageous, compact design variant, the band wraps around the bearing outer rings in the shape of an eight. The course of the band is as follows: At its first end, the band is fixed by means of a bolt in the first bearing outer ring and immovable. The tape is guided along the lateral surface of the first bearing outer ring, up to the point where the lateral surfaces of the first and second bearing outer ring are closest. At this point, the tape detaches from the first bearing outer ring and is brought to the second bearing outer ring. The second bearing outer ring is almost completely wrapped by the band and the band abuts against the lateral surface of the second bearing outer ring. When the belt again reaches the point at which the distance between the lateral surfaces of the first and second bearing outer ring is the lowest, the tape is lifted from the second bearing outer ring and brought to the first bearing outer ring. The belt is subsequently applied to the second bearing outer ring and is continued on the lateral surface of the first bearing outer ring, and finally hooked at its second end by means of a bolt in a located in the first bearing outer ring slot.

In an advantageous embodiment, the band is a metal band, in particular a steel band. This is inexpensive to manufacture and meets the requirements for strength and elasticity.

In a second embodiment, the device for clamping two mutually parallel rotating shafts in a substrate-processing machine has two bearing inner rings, two outer bearing rings and two sleeves. Each respective shaft carries at least one machining tool, one shaft carrying the tool and the other shaft carrying the counter tool. On each of the two shafts ever a bearing inner ring can be pushed, fastened to the shaft and thus secured against displacement and rotation on the shaft. If the bearing inner rings are the same size, then they are each equidistant from a shaft end of the respective shaft, d. H. the end faces of the two bearing inner rings lie in one plane. Different sized bearing inner rings are arranged so that the lateral surfaces are parallel to each other and spaced. On a respective bearing inner ring is ever a bearing outer ring pushed. Between bearing inner ring and bearing outer ring is a bearing which allows the rotation of the bearing inner ring relative to the bearing outer ring. A cuff can be pushed onto a bearing outer ring and the cuffs can be connected to each other by means of screws.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the one sleeve has holes through which the screws can be inserted through, and the second sleeve has threaded holes into which the screws can be screwed. The screw heads are each backed with a spring-elastic element, such as a spring-elastic plastic bushing or a plate spring. The threaded holes for screwing the screws can either be cut directly into the main body of the sleeve or the threaded holes are in an additional separate element which is rotatably received in the sleeve, such as a nut. Alternatively, the functionality of the sleeve, ie the possibility of screwing, already be integrated into the bearing outer rings and sleeve and bearing outer ring be designed as a part.

In an alternative embodiment, a respective bearing outer ring can be designed in several parts.

In a particularly advantageous development of the aforementioned variants and embodiments, the bearing is a needle bearing. Alternatively, space-saving plain bearings can also be used.

In a particularly advantageous further embodiment of the variants and embodiments described above, a respective bearing inner ring can be fastened by means of a releasable locking element on the respective shaft. The locking element may be, for example, a clamping screw, which is screwed into the bearing inner ring, presses in the screwed state with her foot on the shaft and thus secures the bearing inner ring against rotation and displacement.

The processing tools are either scoring, perforating or cutting knives to prepare a fold or to separate the sheet, or rolls for pressing the printing material to press the product after a successful folding.

Such a device for bracing is advantageously used in a folding machine for bracing a pair of knife shafts. If the loads of the shafts require it, two or more bracing devices can also be used.

The machine is set up as follows:
In a first step, tools and / or tool carriers are pushed onto the two shafts. Subsequently, at least one bearing inner ring is pushed onto a respective shaft. On a respective bearing inner ring a bearing outer ring is pushed. The waves thus prepared are brought into their working position. There, the positioning of bearing inner rings, tools and / or tool carriers takes place relative to each other. Ie. the tools and / or tool carrier on the one shaft are positioned so that they interact with the tools or mating tools of the other shaft. The bearing rings are positioned so that the end faces of the bearing inner rings are in one plane. The thus positioned bearing inner rings, tools and / or tool carrier are locked on the shafts. In the next step, the suspension of the band takes place, which causes the tension of the two waves. In this case, the first pin of the tape is hung in the bore of the first bearing outer ring, the bearing outer rings are wrapped with the tape and the second end of the tape is hooked by a bolt in the slot of the first bearing outer ring. Now the cuff can be pushed and the tension of the two shafts adjusted by the spring mechanism.
It is particularly advantageous that the tension can be readjusted even during a short machine stop during the processing of a job.
If, when setting up the machine for a job, it is unclear whether the shafts should ever be braced against each other, the bearing rings can be mounted and positioned right from the start. However, the last two steps described above, hanging up the strap and suspending the cuff with adjusting the tension, can be deferred and are only performed when needed.

If a device for clamping in the above-described second embodiment without band and with screws is used for bracing two shafts of a printing material-processing machine assigned to one another in parallel, the adjustment of the bracing is carried out as follows: both the sliding of tools, bearing inner rings, bearing outer rings, the Positioning of tools and bearing rings as well as the locking of bearing inner rings and tools takes place analogously as described above. In the next step, each sleeve is pushed onto a respective bearing outer ring. The screws are inserted into the cuff and screwed in. The number of revolutions determines the spring force with which the two shafts are braced against each other.

During operation of the printing material processing machine, the bearing inner rings rotate with the shafts and the bearing outer rings are stationary. The device for clamping becomes then effective when the processing tools are passed on the shafts of a substrate.

With regard to further advantageous embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the dependent claims and the description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1a:

eine Einrichtung zum Verspannen zweier Wellen in einer ersten Ausführungsform bei der Montage.

Fig. 1b:

eine Draufsicht auf den oberen Lageraußenring in unverbautem Zustand

Fig. 1c:

eine Detailansicht des Bandes

Fig. 2:

dieselbe Einrichtung zum Verspannen zweier Wellen in montiertem Zustand.

Fig. 3a:

dieselbe Einrichtung aus einem weiteren Blickwinkel

Fig. 3b:

einen Ausschnitt aus einer Schnittdarstellung eines vertikalen Schnittes senkrecht zur Achse des Lageraußenrings von Fig. 3a an der Position der Spannkrafteinstellschraube

Fig. 4:

eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Einrichtung zum Verspannen zweier Wellen in montiertem Zustand.

Fig. 5:

eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Einrichtung zum Verspannen zweier Wellen in montiertem Zustand

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment. In a schematic representation:

Fig. 1a:

a device for clamping two shafts in a first embodiment during assembly.

Fig. 1b:

a plan view of the upper bearing outer ring in the uninstalled state

Fig. 1c:

a detailed view of the tape

Fig. 2:

the same device for clamping two shafts in the assembled state.

Fig. 3a:

the same device from a wider angle

3b:

a section of a sectional view of a vertical section perpendicular to the axis of the bearing outer ring of Fig. 3a at the position of the clamping force adjustment screw

4:

a second embodiment of a device for clamping two waves in the assembled state.

Fig. 5:

a third embodiment of a device for clamping two waves in the assembled state

In Fig. 1a are two cutter shafts 1 and 2, which are arranged parallel to each other, indicated. On a respective blade shaft 1, 2 is a clamping ring with bearing inner ring 3. The bearing inner ring is not visible, since this is below the bearing outer ring 5 and 7 respectively. A respective clamping ring 3 has a Clamping screw 4, by means of which the clamping ring 3 and thus the bearing inner ring on the blade shaft 1 and 2 is fixed. On the bearing inner ring 3 of the blade shaft 2, a bearing outer ring 5 is pushed. On the bearing inner ring 3 of the blade shaft 1, a bearing outer ring 7 is pushed. Between the bearing inner ring 3 and the bearing outer ring 5 and 7 is a bearing, which is not visible.

The bearing outer rings 5 and 7 are wrapped by a band 6 in the form of a figure eight.

The bearing outer ring has a bore 7.1 and a slot 7.2. Fig. 1b shows a plan view of the bearing outer ring 7 with the slot 7.2 and 7.1 hole. As in Fig. 1c 1, the first end 6.1 of the metal strip 6 is provided with a first bolt 6.3, the second end 6.2 with a second bolt 6.4. The bolts 6.3 and 6.4 are screwed to the belt 6. Alternatively, the bolts 6.3 and 6.4 can also be connected to the belt 6 by a welded connection or by riveting.

As in Fig. 1a shown, the belt 6 was mounted at its first end 6.1 by means of the first bolt 6.3 in the bore 7.1 of the first bearing outer ring 7. Das andere Ende der Band 6 ist in der Bohrung 7.1 in der Bohrung 7.1. The band 6 wraps around the rear, invisible lateral surface of the bearing outer ring 7, up to the point where the lateral surfaces of the bearing outer rings 5 and 7 have the smallest distance, the point X, where it detaches from the outer surface of the bearing outer ring 7 and lies down to the lateral surface of the bearing outer ring 5. The metal band 6 wraps around the bearing outer ring 5 by almost 360 °, is lifted at the point X of the lateral surface of the bearing outer ring 5 again and brought to the outer surface of the bearing outer ring 7. The band 6 further wraps around a part of the lateral surface of the bearing outer ring 7, and is suspended at its second end 6.2 by means of a bolt 6.4 in a slot 7.2 of the bearing outer ring 7. Connected to the second end 6.2 of the belt 6 is also a cam 9. Securely connected to the bearing outer ring 7 is a cam 8. Further indicated in FIG Fig. 1a the position of a plastic spring 11, which is part of an in Fig. 2 shown cuff 10 is.

Fig. 1a illustrates the device 100 for clamping two shafts 1, 2 during assembly. In the next step, the collar 10, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 is shown be pushed onto the bearing outer ring 7. The result of this step is in Fig. 2 shown. In the Figures 2 and 3 were the blade shafts 1 and 2 are no longer shown for clarity.

Fig. 2 illustrates how the already in Fig. 1a illustrated plastic spring 11 is received in the sleeve 10. Next will be from the Figures 2 and 3a and 3b It can be seen how the recesses 10.1 and 10.2 of the cuff 10 receive the cams 8 and 9. Cam 8 is located in the recess 10.1 and cam 9 is located in the recess 10.2. Out Fig. 3a goes the position of the clamping force adjustment screw 12 in the sleeve 10 out. In Fig. 3b is outlined the working principle of the setting. The rotational movement of the clamping force adjusting screw 12 causes the sleeve 10 is pressed by the cam 8 attached to the bearing outer ring 7 to the left away. Since the plastic spring 11 is also received in the sleeve 10, the Kunstofffeder 11 is moved together with the sleeve 10 to the left. The plastic spring 11 thus acts against the cam 9, which is fixed to the metal strip 6.

If a folding machine has a knife shaft pair 1, 2 with a device 100 for clamping the two shafts 1, 2 and a force acts on the blade shafts during the processing of folded sheets, which would cause the knife shafts to bend, the deflection of the knife shafts by the device 100 prevented. Due to the force acting both knife shafts 1 and 2 are moved apart. The first end 6.1 of the belt 6 is connected via the bolt 6.3 fixed to the bearing outer ring 7 and is immovable. The frictional force between the metal band 6 and the bearing outer ring 5 is substantially greater than the frictional force of the segmental Mantelumschlingung of the second band end 6.2 to the first outer bearing ring 7 because of the large loop of approximately 360 ° According to the equation Eytelwein equation thus remains the second bearing outer ring 5 through the belt 6 and there is no relative movement between the belt 6 and bearing outer ring 5. The second end 6.2 of the belt 6 is movably guided in a slot 7.2 of the bearing outer ring. On this second end of the belt 6.2, the force which would cause a bending of the blade shafts 1 and 2, transmitted and the cam 9 is pulled from the belt 6 against the plastic spring 11. According to the dimensioning of the plastic spring 11 a counterforce becomes effective. After the folded sheet has been processed by the tools of the knife shaft pair 1, 2, and no bending force acts on the knife shafts 1, 2, causes the elastic plastic spring 11 a provision of the cam. 9

Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a device 100 for bracing two waves 1, 2. For clarity, the waves are 1, 2 in Fig. 4 not shown. In each case a clamping ring 3 is pushed with bearing inner ring on a respective shaft 1, 2. By means of a clamping screw 4, the clamping ring can be fixed on the shaft 1 and 2 respectively. On a respective bearing inner ring bearing outer ring 5 and 7 is pushed. Between bearing inner ring 3 and bearing outer ring 5 and 7 is a bearing, which is not visible. On the bearing outer ring 5 and 7, respectively, a sleeve 10 is pushed. The upper sleeve 10 has two through holes. The lower sleeve has two threaded holes. Through the through holes of the upper sleeve 10, a screw 21 is inserted through each and screwed into the threaded holes of the lower sleeve 10, wherein a respective screw 21 is backed with a plastic bushing 20. The plastic bushing 20 acts as a spring element. Depending on the number of screw revolutions of the screws 21, the shafts 1 and 2 (not shown) are braced against each other.

Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a device 100 according to the invention for clamping two shafts 1, 2. Depending on a clamping ring with bearing inner ring 3 is pushed onto a respective shaft 1, 2. On the bearing inner ring 3 of the shaft 2, a bearing outer ring 5 is pushed. Between a respective bearing inner ring 3 and a bearing outer ring 5, 7 is a needle bearing, not shown. The bearing outer ring 7 has a cable lock 16, which rests on the lateral surface of the ring. By means of connecting elements 13, 14, the cable lock 16 may be connected to the ring of the bearing outer ring 7. A steel cable 6 is looped in the form of an oval around both bearing outer rings 5, 6. The two ends 6.1 and 6.2 of the steel cable 6 each have a ball head 6.3 or 6.4 as end element. The ball head 6.3 is mounted in a hole 7.1 in the cable lock 16. By turning a clamping force adjustment screw 12, the biasing force in the cable 6 can be adjusted. An accommodated in the slot 7.2 plastic spring 11 counteracts the bending of the waves 1, 2. According to the Dimensioning of the plastic spring 11, one of the bending of the waves 1, 2 counteracting force is effective.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cutterhead

2

cutterhead

3

Clamping ring with bearing inner ring

4

clamping screw

5

Bearing outer ring

6

Metal band / steel rope

6.1

first end

6.2

second end of the band

6.3

first element (pin / ball head)

6.4

second element (bolt / ball head)

7

Bearing outer ring

7.1

drilling

7.2

Long hole

8th

cam

9

cam

10

cuff

10.1

recess

10.2

recess

11

Plastic spring

12

Spannkrafteinstellschraube

13

pen

14

screw

15

washer

16

cable lock

20

Plastic bushing

21

screw

100

Device for clamping two shafts

X

Position of the smallest distance of the lateral surfaces of 5 and 7

Claims (14)

Device (100) for clamping two mutually parallel rotating shafts (1, 2) in a substrate-processing machine, wherein the shafts (1, 2) each carry at least one processing tool, in particular a creasing, perforating or cutting blade,
with two bearing inner rings (3), wherein in each case a bearing inner ring (3) can be pushed onto a respective shaft (1, 2) and fastened thereon, in particular by means of a releasable locking element (4),
with two bearing outer rings (5, 7), wherein each a bearing outer ring (5, 7) on the bearing inner ring (3) can be pushed, and
wherein there is a bearing between the bearing inner ring (3) and bearing outer ring (5, 7), in particular a needle bearing, and
with an element (6, 21), which braces both bearing outer rings (5, 7) against each other. Device for bracing according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the clamping element is a band or a cable (6), which is looped around both bearing outer rings (5, 7) and is fastened to one of the bearing outer rings (7) at its two ends (6.1, 6.2) Device for bracing according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the band or rope (6) at its first end (6.1) by means of a first element (6.3) is fixedly connected to the bearing outer ring (7) and
that the tape or rope (6) at its second end (6.2) by means of a second element (6.4) in a slot (7.2) of the bearing outer ring (7) is guided, and that the means (100) for clamping (a spring mechanism 10, 11 ), which counteracts the movement of the second end (6.2) of the band or rope (6). Device for bracing according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the band or rope (6) at its first end (6.1) is fixedly connected to the first element (6.3) and the first element (6.3) in a bore (7.1) of the bearing outer ring (7) can be suspended, and
that the band or rope (6) at its second end (6.2) is fixedly connected to the second element (6.4) and the second element (6.4) in the slot (7.2) of the bearing outer ring (7) can be suspended. Device for bracing according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
in that the spring mechanism (11) is part of a sleeve (10) which can be pushed onto the bearing outer ring (7). Device for bracing according to one of claims 3 to 5,
characterized,
that the spring mechanism (11) comprises a plastic spring. Device for bracing according to one of claims 2 to 6,
characterized,
that the band or rope (6) wraps around the bearing outer rings (5, 7) in the form of an 8. Device for bracing according to one of claims 2 to 6,
characterized,
in that the band or rope (6) wraps around the bearing outer rings (5, 7) in the form of an oval. Device for bracing according to one of claims 2 to 6,
characterized,
in that the band (6) is a metal band or the rope (6) is a steel cord. Device (100) for bracing according to claim 1
characterized,
that the device (100) has two collars (10) which are each on a bearing outer ring (5, 7) can be pushed and which by means of screws (21) connectable to each other. Device for bracing according to claim 10,
characterized,
in that the one sleeve (10) has bores for inserting the screws (21) and the second sleeve (10) has threaded bores for screwing in the screws (21), the screw heads being respectively underlaid with a resilient element (20). Device for bracing according to one of claims 10 or 11,
characterized,
that a respective bearing outer ring (5, 7) is made in several parts. Device for bracing according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized,
in that the machining tool is a roller for pressing the printing material. Folding machine with at least one pair of knife shafts (1, 2) with a device (100) for clamping according to one of claims 1 to 13.

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