EP2067904A2 - Feuerfestes Innenwandsystem - Google Patents

Feuerfestes Innenwandsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2067904A2
EP2067904A2 EP08170960A EP08170960A EP2067904A2 EP 2067904 A2 EP2067904 A2 EP 2067904A2 EP 08170960 A EP08170960 A EP 08170960A EP 08170960 A EP08170960 A EP 08170960A EP 2067904 A2 EP2067904 A2 EP 2067904A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interior wall
stud
linings
wall system
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08170960A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2067904B1 (de
EP2067904A3 (de
Inventor
Leif Andersson
Birgitta Ryden
Hans Lindqvist
Anders Wahlkvist
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Isover SA France filed Critical Saint Gobain Isover SA France
Publication of EP2067904A2 publication Critical patent/EP2067904A2/de
Publication of EP2067904A3 publication Critical patent/EP2067904A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2067904B1 publication Critical patent/EP2067904B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7453—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling
    • E04B2/7457—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts with panels and support posts, extending from floor to ceiling with wallboards attached to the outer faces of the posts, parallel to the partition
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/80—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for interior walls comprising stud members of wood or wood fibres, insulating material and opposing linings.
  • the invention relates to a system for interior walls that should have good load bearing capacity in fire.
  • the frame of a house with up to four storeys must according to the Swedish building regulations (the Building Regulations of the Swedish Board of Building, Planning and Housing (BBR) 2006:12) be able to resist fire for at least 60 minutes to provide what is referred to as R60 rating, that is the load bearing capacity of the walls must be sufficient after 60 minutes of fire exposure.
  • R60 rating what is referred to as the load bearing capacity of the walls must be sufficient after 60 minutes of fire exposure.
  • the frame of the lowermost storeys must be able to resist fire for at least 90 minutes according to the above-mentioned building regulations.
  • interior wall systems having a load bearing function such as interior walls that are located in a flat.
  • a load bearing function such as interior walls that are located in a flat.
  • such interior walls must be subjected to a test procedure involving a double-sided fire load, that is fire from two sides, according to the standard SS-EN 1365-4 entitled Provning av brandmotst ⁇ nd - bärande byggnadsdelar Del 4: Pelare (in English: Testing of fire resistance - load bearing construction members Part 4: Columns).
  • Today's technology is generally used to build an interior wall system with a frame of studs comprising a set of vertically arranged rectangular or square stud members of wood and which are usually supplemented with nogging pieces, which are also made of wood and which extend transversely between the stud members.
  • the vertical sides of the frame of studs are then covered with lining sheets.
  • the cavity defined by the frame of studs and the lining sheets can be filled with insulating material of a suitable type.
  • the fire resistance of such an interior wall system depends on a plurality of parameters, of which the most important are the dimensions of the stud members, the wood quality of the stud members, the number of lining sheets, type of lining sheets, type of insulation and also the number of nogging pieces between two adjoining stud members.
  • the frame of wood studs In fire, the frame of wood studs is primarily protected by the lining material, but when this is damaged, the frame of studs subjected to fire will be exposed from two directions. This results in gradual weakening of the load bearing capacity as the fire proceeds. The cross-section of the stud members, but also of the nogging pieces, will in fact be reduced, resulting in a reduction of the load bearing capacity. If the fire is allowed to proceed, the wall systems will finally collapse due to the fact that the stud members and the nogging pieces will quite simply buckle. When buckling occurs, it has been found that the interior wall system often collapses and falls down in the plane of extension of the wall, which is the weak direction.
  • the load bearing capacity in fire can also be increased by using a larger number of nogging pieces between the vertical stud members. This too is a measure that makes construction more expensive.
  • the object of the present invention therefore is to provide an interior wall system comprising stud members of wood or wood fibres which have an improved load bearing capacity in fire.
  • One object is that the interior wall system should be able to satisfy the current regulations for R60 or R90 rating according to the Building Regulations of the Swedish Board of Building, Planning and Housing (BBR) 2006:12, SS-EN 1365-4 and SS-EN 13501-1.
  • BBR Swedish Board of Building, Planning and Housing
  • Another object of the invention is that said interior wall system should be able to consist of parts which are already parts of standard dimensions in the building industry.
  • Yet another object is that the interior wall system should be able to have said load bearing capacity with a current standard wall thickness.
  • the present invention relates to an interior wall system comprising stud members of wood or wood fibres, insulating material and opposing linings, which linings are supported by the stud members and which insulating material is received in cavities defined by the stud members and the linings.
  • the interior wall system is characterised in that each stud member comprises two opposite end surfaces which each make contact with a lining and which are horizontally offset relative to each other parallel to the plane of extension of the linings.
  • An interior wall system according to this construction has been found to have a greater load bearing capacity in fire than a conventional interior wall system.
  • the primary reason is the construction of the stud members with two opposite end surfaces that are offset relative to each other. Seen in cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stud member, the mutually offset end surfaces define a cross-section of the stud member which can be resembled to two projections coinciding in a central core portion. This core portion is, due to the contact of the end surfaces with the lining, initially not exposed to fire. Before the fire reaches the core portion, in fact first the end surfaces and the projections must be affected and reduced in cross-section.
  • the core portion is, seen in the longitudinal direction of the stud member and along the major part of its circumference, protected by the insulating material that is placed in the cavity defined between the stud members and the linings.
  • the insulating material may, depending on its filling ratio of the cavity, be arranged in such a manner that the stud member is freely exposed to fire only along its two opposite end surfaces. For a conventional rectangular stud member with the dimensions 145X45 mm, this exposed surface is about one third of the circumference of the cross-section, which is to be compared with about one fifth of a stud member according to the present invention if two studs with the dimensions 95X45 mm are used.
  • said width may be smaller than said total width, that is B ⁇ b 1 +b 2 +...b x .
  • the stud member may be made up of, for example, two or more conventional stud members which are arranged side by side in an overlap joint with their opposite end surfaces offset relative to each other.
  • the stud member may consist of, for instance, an extruded, laminated or pressed wood-fibre-based structure or of two or more conventional stud members which are connected to each other by recessed overlap joints.
  • the member portions may form a vertical connecting plane perpendicular to the plane of extension of said opposing linings.
  • the actual connection may occur by means of different types of fasteners. For example screws, nails, plugs or bolts can be used, but it will also be appreciated that other fasteners that are suitable for the purpose can be used.
  • the linings may consist of sheets or panels. These sheets or panels can be made of, for instance, gypsum, cement, wood, plywood, chips or wood fibres, or of combinations of these materials. Further convenient materials will easily be realised by a person skilled in the art.
  • the dimensions are advantageously selected to be standard dimensions for cooperation with the distances between the stud members, which distances are standard distances as well.
  • the number of layers may be varied to assist in further increasing the resistance to fire. The more layers, the better resistance to fire, but also the better bearing resistance of the wall in normal use.
  • the insulating material can be of the type that has high temperature resistance and good insulating capacity at high temperatures. Examples of such materials are rock wool or glass wool. An example of a suitable glass wool material is the one provided under the trademark Isover ULTIMATE®. Insulating materials with the above properties protect those parts of the frame of studs that are not directly exposed to fire. As a result, the frame of studs may resist fire for a longer period of time and have a continued good load bearing capacity also after a prolonged fire attack.
  • the interior wall system may further comprise nogging pieces which extend between the stud members.
  • nogging pieces which extend between the stud members.
  • the nogging pieces may, seen in a direction perpendicular to the plane of extension of the linings, be surrounded by the insulating material. As a result, also the nogging pieces will be protected from the fire, which additionally increases the load bearing capacity of the interior wall system in fire.
  • the nogging pieces are not directly exposed to fire and can act as buckle preventing means for the stud members and prevent them from buckling in the longitudinal direction of the wall.
  • the fractures occurring on stud members in interior wall systems that are built according to the invention mainly occur in a direction perpendicular to the plane of extension of the wall, that is in the normally seen rigid direction. In interior wall systems built according to prior art, fractures in the plane of the extension of the wall are the most common ones.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a portion of an interior wall system according to the invention.
  • Figs 2a-2d illustrate schematically four variants of cross-sections of some possible stud member constructions according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken along the line R-R in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken along the line Z-Z in Fig. 1
  • the interior wall system 1 in the following referred to as system, comprises a stud frame which is made up of vertical stud members 3, horizontal nogging pieces 4 which extend between the stud members 3, linings 5 on both opposite sides of the system 1, and insulating material 6.
  • a stud frame which is made up of vertical stud members 3, horizontal nogging pieces 4 which extend between the stud members 3, linings 5 on both opposite sides of the system 1, and insulating material 6.
  • insulating material 6 for the sake of clarity, the front lining and parts of the insulating material are shown to be partially broken away.
  • the system 1 is intended to be used for load bearing interior walls in multi-storey buildings and will be described below starting from a straight wall. However, it will be appreciated that the system 1 is also applicable to walls having a different extension.
  • the stud members 3 are according to prior art technique placed along an imaginary straight line in the horizontal plane, that is in the plane of extension of the wall and its lining.
  • a lower portion of each stud member 3 is attached to a lower horizontal stud 7 (sill) which in turn is attached to the floor 8.
  • an upper portion of each stud member 3 is attached to an upper horizontal stud 9 (capping) which in turn is attached to a ceiling 10.
  • the stud members 3, the nogging pieces 4 and the linings 5 together define closed, framework cavities 11 which accommodate the insulating material 6.
  • Fig. 2a is a cross-section of a possible embodiment of the individual stud member 3.
  • the cross-section is taken transversely to the longitudinal direction of the stud member 3.
  • the stud member 3 is made up of two member portions 3a, 3b, each in the form of an elongate, vertically extending stud of rectangular cross-section.
  • the two member portions 3a, 3b are closely joined to each other in an overlap joint 12 along the long side of the rectangular cross-section to form a vertical connecting plane 13 which extends perpendicular to the plane of extension of the linings, that is perpendicular to the plane of extension of the wall.
  • the two member portions 3a, 3b are offset relative to each other in the vertical connecting plane 13, which means that the stud member 3 obtains a cross-section having a central core portion 14 from which extend two projections 15.
  • the central core portion 14 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the projections 15 form two opposite end surfaces 16.
  • the end surfaces 16 are formed of the short sides of the rectangular cross-section of the respective member portions 3a, 3b.
  • the end surfaces 16 are adapted to make contact each with a lining, which linings will be described below.
  • the end surfaces 16 are further, by the interconnection of the member portions 3a, 3b, horizontally offset relative to each other parallel to the plane of extension of the linings, see arrow A.
  • FIG. 2b illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the central core portion 14 has a width B in the plane of extension A of the lining that is smaller than the total width b of the end surfaces 16 of the individual member portions 3a, 3b, that is B ⁇ b 1 +b 2 .
  • This is achieved by the two member portions 3a, 3b forming an overlap joint 12 which is recessed 17.
  • Such a recessed overlap joint 12 may, as will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art, be provided in various ways with recesses in one or both member portions.
  • two member portions 3a, 3b are advantageously used.
  • three or more member portions can be assembled to form the stud member according to the present invention in accordance with the principles described above. This can occur according to the condition B ⁇ b 1 +b 2 +...b x , where X corresponds to the number of member portions.
  • fasteners for instance screws. It will be appreciated that also other types of fastener can be used, such as nails, plugs, bolts or glue.
  • a typical lightweight stud comprises a core of wood studs 19, 20 which are arranged on both sides of an insulation 21.
  • the core is in turn covered with, for instance, plywood 18 on at least two opposite surfaces.
  • a system which is made up according to prior art technique comprises a frame of studs consisting of a set of vertically arranged individual stud members of rectangular cross-section which are supplemented with nogging pieces extending between the stud members.
  • the vertical sides of the frame of studs are coated with lining sheets, and the cavities which are defined by the stud members, the nogging pieces and the lining sheets are filled with insulating material.
  • the lining sheets which can be said to constitute a protective casing for the stud frame of the system are initially attacked.
  • the entire stud frame will be attacked, that is the stud members as well as the nogging pieces, from two opposite sides. This means that these are reduced in cross-section from two directions due to the fire. Since the stud member has a homogeneous width throughout its cross-section, this quickly results in a weakening.
  • one or more stud members lose their load bearing capacity that is the load imposed by the floors above which are supported by the vertical stud members will finally exceed the dimensioned compressive stress of the stud members, often referred to as critical load or buckle load.
  • buckling occurs according to a combination of Euler's 2nd and 4th buckling case.
  • Euler's 2nd buckling case refers to a situation involving an articulated rod.
  • Euler's 4th buckling case refers to a situation involving a rod which is fixedly attached at both ends.
  • a system of this construction usually has difficulty in meeting the requirements that are applicable to R90 rating according to SS-EN 13501-1 without various reinforcements in the form of, for example, an increased number of nogging pieces and an increased number of lining layers.
  • a stud member 3 As shown in Fig. 2a , which is made up of two rectangular portion members 3a, 3b, basically one fifth of the circumference of the cross-section is initially exposed to fire while the remaining four fifths are surrounded by the insulation 6, see Fig. 3 .
  • the stud member 3 is freely exposed to fire only along its two opposite end surfaces 16. This should be compared to a stud member according to prior art which consists of an individual stud of rectangular cross-section and which is exposed to fire along one fourth of the circumference of the cross-section in the case where a comparison is made with a stud having the dimensions 145X45 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP08170960.2A 2007-12-07 2008-12-08 Feuerfestes Innenwandsystem Active EP2067904B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0702719A SE0702719L (sv) 2007-12-07 2007-12-07 Brandsäkert innerväggsystem

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2067904A2 true EP2067904A2 (de) 2009-06-10
EP2067904A3 EP2067904A3 (de) 2013-05-15
EP2067904B1 EP2067904B1 (de) 2016-09-07

Family

ID=40280837

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08170960.2A Active EP2067904B1 (de) 2007-12-07 2008-12-08 Feuerfestes Innenwandsystem

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2067904B1 (de)
DK (1) DK2067904T3 (de)
SE (1) SE0702719L (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3072399A1 (fr) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-19 Sas Dhomino Systeme modulaire de construction de batiment a ossature bois

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1609291A1 (de) * 1966-03-16 1969-10-16 Novopan Gmbh Zweischalige schalldaemmende Wand
DE1814435A1 (de) * 1968-12-13 1970-06-25 Rigips Baustoffwerke Gmbh Abstandhalter fuer Leichtbauwandelement
FR2132501B1 (de) * 1971-04-05 1975-03-21 Israel Simon
NL7301132A (de) * 1973-01-26 1974-07-30
US7073302B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2006-07-11 Strawmen L.P. Wall and partition construction and method using hat-channel members

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Building Regulations of the Swedish Board of Building", PLANNING AND HOUSING (BBR, 2006, pages 12
"English: Fireproof wood houses"
"the Building Regulations of the Swedish Board of Building", PLANNING AND HOUSING, 2006, pages 12

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3072399A1 (fr) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-19 Sas Dhomino Systeme modulaire de construction de batiment a ossature bois
WO2019077270A1 (fr) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-25 Sas Dhomino Systeme modulaire de construction de batiment a ossature bois

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0702719L (sv) 2009-06-08
DK2067904T3 (en) 2016-12-19
EP2067904B1 (de) 2016-09-07
EP2067904A3 (de) 2013-05-15

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