EP2066831A4 - Electrolysis cell and method for operating the same - Google Patents

Electrolysis cell and method for operating the same

Info

Publication number
EP2066831A4
EP2066831A4 EP07808629A EP07808629A EP2066831A4 EP 2066831 A4 EP2066831 A4 EP 2066831A4 EP 07808629 A EP07808629 A EP 07808629A EP 07808629 A EP07808629 A EP 07808629A EP 2066831 A4 EP2066831 A4 EP 2066831A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cell
electrolysis cell
operating
same
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07808629A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2066831A1 (en
EP2066831B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Oevstetun
Elin Haugland
Joern Rutlin
Joerund Hop
Stanislaw Jarek
Sara Thoernblad Mathisen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Norsk Hydro ASA
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro ASA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro ASA filed Critical Norsk Hydro ASA
Publication of EP2066831A1 publication Critical patent/EP2066831A1/en
Publication of EP2066831A4 publication Critical patent/EP2066831A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2066831B1 publication Critical patent/EP2066831B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
    • C25C7/025—Electrodes; Connections thereof used in cells for the electrolysis of melts

Abstract

A method and improvements relating to an electrolysis cell, where the cell comprises a substantially horizontal cathode (4) of an electronic conducting material and further have current leads such as horizontal collector bars embedded therein. The cell further comprises a bus bar system. The cell can be operated by improved distribution of electrical current, while said cathode comprises at least one substantial vertical electrical current outlet (6).
EP07808629A 2006-09-14 2007-09-12 Electrolysis cell and method for operating the same Active EP2066831B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20064165A NO332480B1 (en) 2006-09-14 2006-09-14 Electrolysis cell and method of operation of the same
PCT/NO2007/000323 WO2008033034A1 (en) 2006-09-14 2007-09-12 Electrolysis cell and method for operating the same

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2066831A1 EP2066831A1 (en) 2009-06-10
EP2066831A4 true EP2066831A4 (en) 2009-11-04
EP2066831B1 EP2066831B1 (en) 2011-04-27

Family

ID=39184004

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07808629A Active EP2066831B1 (en) 2006-09-14 2007-09-12 Electrolysis cell and method for operating the same

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2066831B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101680102B (en)
AT (1) ATE507325T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007295188B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0716951B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2660998C (en)
DE (1) DE602007014229D1 (en)
EA (1) EA014744B1 (en)
NO (1) NO332480B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ575484A (en)
WO (1) WO2008033034A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200901822B (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO331318B1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2011-11-21 Norsk Hydro As Procedure for operation of electrolysis cells connected in series as well as busbar system for the same
FR2977898A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-18 Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd ALUMINERY COMPRISING CATHODIC EXIT TANKS THROUGH THE BOTTOM OF THE HOUSING AND TANK STABILIZATION MEANS
US9598783B2 (en) 2011-07-12 2017-03-21 Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited Aluminum smelter comprising electrical conductors made from a superconducting material
CN102925926A (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-13 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 Step type paste bundling cathode structure
AU2014244488B2 (en) * 2013-03-13 2017-02-09 Alcoa Usa Corp. Systems and methods of protecting electrolysis cells
CN103981540B (en) * 2014-05-28 2016-07-06 中南大学 A kind of aluminum electrolytic bath composite cathode structure containing high connductivity back bone network
NO20180369A1 (en) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-16 Norsk Hydro As Cathode elements for a Hall-Héroult cell for aluminium production and a cell of this type having such elements installed

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2833381A1 (en) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-14 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Electrolysis cell for winning aluminium - where carbon cathode hearth is connected to bus=bars via spaced graphite pegs increasing the efficiency of aluminium prodn.
EP0145412A2 (en) * 1983-11-29 1985-06-19 Alcan International Limited Aluminium reduction cells
SU1444402A1 (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-12-15 Иркутский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Electrolyzer for producing aluminium

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB816587A (en) * 1957-01-17 1959-07-15 Ind De L Aluminium Sa Improvements relating to electrolytic cells for the production of aluminium
DE1187809B (en) 1963-11-22 1965-02-25 Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag Electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis
AU541218B2 (en) * 1979-11-07 1984-12-20 Aluminium Pechiney Process and device for suppressing magnetic disturbances in electrolytic cells
DE3004071A1 (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-07-02 Schweizerische Aluminium AG, 3965 Chippis Cathode bus=bars for mfg. aluminium in electrolysis cells - where bus=bars are divided into two lengths to reduce voltage drop between adjacent cells
DE3373115D1 (en) * 1982-05-28 1987-09-24 Alcan Int Ltd Improvements in electrolytic reduction cells for aluminium production
NO164721C (en) * 1988-06-06 1990-11-07 Norsk Hydro As ASSEMBLY OF SKIN SYSTEMS ON LARGE TRANSFERRED ELECTRIC OVERS.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2833381A1 (en) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-14 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh Electrolysis cell for winning aluminium - where carbon cathode hearth is connected to bus=bars via spaced graphite pegs increasing the efficiency of aluminium prodn.
EP0145412A2 (en) * 1983-11-29 1985-06-19 Alcan International Limited Aluminium reduction cells
SU1444402A1 (en) * 1986-12-29 1988-12-15 Иркутский Филиал Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского И Проектного Института Алюминиевой,Магниевой И Электродной Промышленности Electrolyzer for producing aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101680102B (en) 2011-11-09
NO20064165L (en) 2008-03-17
ZA200901822B (en) 2010-04-28
CA2660998A1 (en) 2008-03-20
AU2007295188B2 (en) 2011-07-28
WO2008033034A1 (en) 2008-03-20
CA2660998C (en) 2013-11-12
EP2066831A1 (en) 2009-06-10
ATE507325T1 (en) 2011-05-15
BRPI0716951B1 (en) 2018-06-05
DE602007014229D1 (en) 2011-06-09
CN101680102A (en) 2010-03-24
BRPI0716951A2 (en) 2013-10-29
NZ575484A (en) 2011-01-28
AU2007295188A1 (en) 2008-03-20
EA200900443A1 (en) 2009-08-28
WO2008033034A8 (en) 2009-04-16
EA014744B1 (en) 2011-02-28
EP2066831B1 (en) 2011-04-27
NO332480B1 (en) 2012-09-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ZA200901822B (en) Eletrolysis cell and method for operating the same
UA88064C2 (en) Device for supporting of anodes and method for implementation thereof
PL404171A1 (en) Apparatus for use in electrolytic refining and in the electrolytic production of metals
NZ596309A (en) Apparatus and method for reduction of a solid feedstock
ZA200808360B (en) Cathodes for aluminium electrolysis cell with non-planar slot design
MX2007009666A (en) Palladium-cobalt particles as oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts.
NZ594132A (en) A sentinel unit for an it electrical distribution system having a floating reference conductor
MY149279A (en) Electrolysis cell for the production of aluminium comprising means to reduce the voltage drop
EP2328217A3 (en) Reserve power supply with electrode plates clipping with auxiliary conductors
WO2013054053A3 (en) Method and system for treating carbon gases by electrochemical hydrogenation in order to obtain a cxhyoz compound
WO2005116299A3 (en) Solar-operated electrolytic apparatus for producing hydrogen, and method for operating such an apparatus
DK1989750T3 (en) Apparatus comprising a new cathode system and method for producing electrical energy using this apparatus
IS6827A (en) Equipment for conducting electricity to or from the electrodes in electrolytic tanks, methods of production, and electrolytic tanks and method of producing alumina by electrolysis of alumina dissolved in the molten electrolyte
MY190653A (en) Cathode current collector for a hall-heroult cell
EP1672097A3 (en) Electrolytic hydrogen production method and related systems and electrolytes
WO2013007892A3 (en) Aluminum smelter including cells having a cathode outlet through the base of the casing, and a means for stabilizing the cells
CL2008003205A1 (en) Electrolytic cell arranged in series for the production of aluminum comprising a cover and a refractory composition, a cathode, an anode suspended inside the cell, a collection bar, an electric current bypass bar system; and busbar for electrical connection to cell bypass bar system
MX2009009528A (en) Circuit breaker device and method for producing a circuit breaker device.
WO2005079216A3 (en) A hybrid fuel cell
IN2014CN00886A (en)
EA200901330A1 (en) IMPROVEMENT IN THE FIELD OF SERIAL CONNECTED ELECTROLYZERS AND METHOD OF OPERATION OF SUCH ELECTROLISERS
WO2013000580A3 (en) Device and method for producing hydrogen in a highly efficient manner, and uses thereof
CN202148356U (en) Electrolysis and electrodeposition process current short circuit device
WO2005121410A3 (en) Electric circuit of an electrolyzer with bipolar electrodes and electrolysis installation with bipolar electrodes
MXPA04009661A (en) Transfer and insulation device for electrolysis.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20090414

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20091001

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: C25C 3/06 20060101ALI20100618BHEP

Ipc: C25C 3/16 20060101AFI20100618BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20110609

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110609

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20110427

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20110427

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 9828

Country of ref document: SK

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110829

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110807

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110728

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20120130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110912

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110912

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20110427

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: KOTITSCHKE & HEURUNG PARTNERSCHAFT MBB PATENT-, DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: KOTITSCHKE & HEURUNG PARTNERSCHAFT MBB, DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602007014229

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: DR. RALF KOTITSCHKE, DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20230904

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: IS

Payment date: 20230912

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230928

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230920

Year of fee payment: 17