EP2062961A1 - The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method - Google Patents
The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method Download PDFInfo
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- EP2062961A1 EP2062961A1 EP07466024A EP07466024A EP2062961A1 EP 2062961 A1 EP2062961 A1 EP 2062961A1 EP 07466024 A EP07466024 A EP 07466024A EP 07466024 A EP07466024 A EP 07466024A EP 2062961 A1 EP2062961 A1 EP 2062961A1
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- Prior art keywords
- partially
- solid material
- reaction zone
- gasifiable
- inlet
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/158—Screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
- C10J2300/0989—Hydrocarbons as additives to gasifying agents to improve caloric properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1693—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with storage facilities for intermediate, feed and/or product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
- C10J2300/1869—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being air, oxygen or ozone
Definitions
- the invention refers to the method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for the implementation of this method and it solves especially the production of gas intended for the use as a fuel for spark-ignition combustion engine or for turbine for driving of an electric generator, or the production of gas as resource for chemical production.
- reactors with fixed bed, fluidized bed, or entrained flow reactors which have the reaction zone, separated from the surrounding atmosphere are used for gasification of fuels and wastes for the purpose of production of an energetically or chemically utilizable gas.
- gasification of biomass fossil fuels, sorted municipal solid waste and similar matters
- the disadvantage of the gas being produced is its insufficient purity that causes complications during subsequent processing.
- the gas produced by such technique has generally a higher content of tar compounds and solid particles, which are unacceptable for gas use in recent equipments.
- the removal of solid particles from the produced gas does not represent any major technical problem
- the removal of condensable components e.g. tars
- the temperature of the produced gas does not reach at least 800°C
- the basis of the method is that the first portion of particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material is piled inside the reaction zone into a fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material, whereas the other portions of at least partially gasifiable solid material are continually and/or by pulse procedure introduced under the surface of this fixed bed.
- the particles creating the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material are transported from the inside of this fixed bed towards periphery of it, and at the same time, they are exposed to the influence of gasification agent, which is introduced into the reaction zone.
- the gasification agent penetrates at least partially under the surface of the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- Particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material which reached the surface of the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material pass into the fluidized bed due to flow of gases and/or to the outlet of the nongasified residue due to gravity. Particles that remain in fluidized bed are exposed further to the influence of gases that are present in the reaction zone until the conversion of these particles into the produced gas and the non-gasified residue.
- Non-gasified residue is removed from the reaction zone separately and/or it is carried out by the produced gas.
- gasified liquid is introduced additionally into the reaction zone.
- at least one compound, selected from the group: at least partially gasifiable material, gasification agent, gasified liquid is preheated before its introduction into the reaction zone.
- the basis of the device, formed by the reactor, into the reaction zone of which the inlet of at least partially gasifiable solid material, at least one inlet of gasification agent, an outlet of the produced gas and an outlet of the non-gasified residue are introduced is that a part of the reaction zone is formed by a space for forming the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material, into which the inlet of at least partially gasifiable solid material is introduced.
- the rector involves further at least one grid located between the reaction zone and the outlet of non-gasified residue.
- at least one inlet of gasified liquid is introduced into the reaction zone.
- an equipment for preheating of at least partially gasifiable material is located in the inlet of at least partially gasifiable material, the equipment for preheating of gasification agent is located in the inlet of the gasification agent, and the equipment for preheating of gasified liquid is located in the inlet of gasified liquid.
- the reaction zone is surrounded by the thermal insulation that is resistant to the temperature of 1600°C.
- the Advantage of this method according to the invention is, that using of this method enables an ecological transformation of raw material and waste into further utilisable material.
- the advantage of the device, according to the invention is the possibility to optimize the process control by accurate dosage of the gasified substance, and the possibility to reach temperature of the produced gas within the range of 600 and 1200°C, which allows an effective catalytic destruction of organic compounds.
- Another advantage relating to the produced gas is a low content of impurities that could condense when cooled down, e.g. tars, and therefore a subsequent cleaning method of the gas is not expensive.
- the reaction zone 2 is situated inside the reactor 1.
- the reaction zone 2 is surrounded by thermal insulation 15 , which is covered by the steel casing 16 from the outside of the reactor 1.
- the grid 10 with the shape of annulus is located.
- Vertically oriented screw conveyor 17 passes through the centre of the grid 10 and is driven by a driving mechanism 19 that represents the inlet 3 of at least partially gasifiable solid material from the storage hopper 18 into the reaction zone 2.
- Lower part of the reaction zone 2 is the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- inlets 4 of the gasification agent are introduced equidistantly around the circumference of the reactor 1 .
- Inlets 4 of the gasification agent are fitted by the equipment 13 for preheating of the gasification agent.
- the outlet 5 of the produced gas is located at the upper part of the reaction zone 2.
- the produced gas is made by gasification of a mixture of wood chips and sorted communal waste.
- Particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material are placed in the storage hopper 18 , from where they are transferred by the screw conveyor 17 to the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material is filled with particles 9 by the screw conveyor 17 at first, whereupon blowing of the gasification agent consisting of a mixture of air with pure oxygen, preheated to temperature of 500°C, is started into the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- a spontaneous ignition of particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material occur around the inlets 4 of the gasification agent into the reaction zone 2.
- the other potions of the particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material are added by the screw conveyor 17 with continuous run to the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- the new added particles 9 drive gradually the particles 9 transferred sooner into the reaction zone 2 out from the centre of the reaction zone 2 to the periphery of the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- the gasification agent starts to be enriched by water vapour.
- the gasification of the particles 9 occours, whereas the smaller particles of the non-gasified residue are carried out from the reaction zone 2 through the outlet 5 of the produced gas, together with the produced gas and the heavier particles of the non-gasified residue fall down through the grid 10 to the outlet 6 of the non-gasified residue.
- the produced gas contains followed significant fraction: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and water vapour. Since virtually all nitrogen presented in the produced gas came from the gasification agent, which is the air, the content of nitrogen is, thanks to the addition of oxygen in the gasification agent, lower than it would be in the case of using only air as the gasification agent.
- reaction zone 2 is situated inside the reactor 1 , according to the example 2, the reaction zone 2 is situated.
- Reaction zone 2 is surrounded by the thermal insulation 15 , which is from the outside of the reactor 1 covered by the steel casing 16 .
- the circular grid 10 is situated at the lower part of the reaction zone 2 .
- Diagonally oriented screw conveyor 17 is driven by driving mechanism 19 and passes through sidewall of the reactor 1 .
- the screw conveyor 17 represents the inlet 3 of at least partially gasifiable solid material from the storage hopper 18 to the reaction zone 2.
- the screw conveyor 17 is fitted with the equipment 12 for preheating of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- the lower part of the reaction zone 2 represents the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- inlets 4 of the gasification agent are introduced into the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Further, to the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable material, second inlet 20 of gasified liquid is introduced. Second inlet 20 of gasified liquid is fitted with the equipment 14 for preheating of gasified liquid. The first inlet 11 of the gasified liquid is introduced into the reaction zone 2 above the space 7 for forming the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. The outlet 5 of the produced gas is located in the upper part of the reaction zone 2.
- the produced gas is made by gasification of wood pellets of cylindrical shape, with diameter 0,8 cm and length 3 cm, that have been produced by pressing of wood saw dust remained after cutting of chipboard.
- Saw dust contain, except wood, also binders, which were used in production of chipboard.
- air at ambient temperature e.g. 20°C
- the process is initiated by ignition of the first batch of pellets using a burner, which is not shown in the drawing, the wood pellets are dosed periodically to the reaction zone based on a signal from sensors, measuring the height of the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- Thermal balance in the reaction zone 2 is increased by preheating of at least partially gasifiable solid material to temperature 400°C.
- the production according to the example 2 differs from the production according to the example 1 in that the gasified liquid is additionally, introduced into the reaction zone 2 through two inlets 11, 20 of gasified liquid, which is waste oil from a food production.
- the part of the waste oil which is introduced in the fluidized bed has the ambient temperature, 20°C in this case, whereas the part of oil which is introduced into the fixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material is preheated, prior the entering into the reaction zone 2, to the temperature within the interval from 100 to 200° C.
- the produced gas contains the same gases as the gas produced according to the example 1, however the content of nitrogen is higher than it was at the gas produced according to the example 1.
- the invention is possible to use wherever it is appropriate to convert the combustible solid material to flammable or chemically treatable gas, especially in disposals of wood-based wastes, cellulose-based wastes and plastic wastes.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention refers to the method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for the implementation of this method and it solves especially the production of gas intended for the use as a fuel for spark-ignition combustion engine or for turbine for driving of an electric generator, or the production of gas as resource for chemical production.
- It is known that reactors with fixed bed, fluidized bed, or entrained flow reactors, which have the reaction zone, separated from the surrounding atmosphere are used for gasification of fuels and wastes for the purpose of production of an energetically or chemically utilizable gas. In case of gasification of biomass, fossil fuels, sorted municipal solid waste and similar matters, the disadvantage of the gas being produced is its insufficient purity that causes complications during subsequent processing. The gas produced by such technique, has generally a higher content of tar compounds and solid particles, which are unacceptable for gas use in recent equipments.
- Whereas the removal of solid particles from the produced gas does not represent any major technical problem, the removal of condensable components, e.g. tars, represents a technical - economic problems to be solved. In the case the temperature of the produced gas does not reach at least 800°C, it is not possible to use a catalytic destruction of organic impurities and scrubbing must be used for the gas cleaning, which is problematic at an equipment with output up to 500 kW/h, because the ecologic regeneration of scrubbing medium is very expensive and represents an increase of both, the capital and operational expenditures.
- From the
CZ patent No. 285142 - The mentioned disadvantages are solved by the method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method, according to this invention.
- The basis of the method is that the first portion of particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material is piled inside the reaction zone into a fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material, whereas the other portions of at least partially gasifiable solid material are continually and/or by pulse procedure introduced under the surface of this fixed bed. In this way, the particles creating the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material are transported from the inside of this fixed bed towards periphery of it, and at the same time, they are exposed to the influence of gasification agent, which is introduced into the reaction zone. At the same time the gasification agent penetrates at least partially under the surface of the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material which reached the surface of the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material pass into the fluidized bed due to flow of gases and/or to the outlet of the nongasified residue due to gravity. Particles that remain in fluidized bed are exposed further to the influence of gases that are present in the reaction zone until the conversion of these particles into the produced gas and the non-gasified residue. Non-gasified residue is removed from the reaction zone separately and/or it is carried out by the produced gas. Alternatively, gasified liquid is introduced additionally into the reaction zone. According to another alternative, at least one compound, selected from the group: at least partially gasifiable material, gasification agent, gasified liquid, is preheated before its introduction into the reaction zone.
- The basis of the device, formed by the reactor, into the reaction zone of which the inlet of at least partially gasifiable solid material, at least one inlet of gasification agent, an outlet of the produced gas and an outlet of the non-gasified residue are introduced is that a part of the reaction zone is formed by a space for forming the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material, into which the inlet of at least partially gasifiable solid material is introduced. Alternatively, the rector involves further at least one grid located between the reaction zone and the outlet of non-gasified residue. According another alternative, at least one inlet of gasified liquid is introduced into the reaction zone. According to other alternatives, an equipment for preheating of at least partially gasifiable material is located in the inlet of at least partially gasifiable material, the equipment for preheating of gasification agent is located in the inlet of the gasification agent, and the equipment for preheating of gasified liquid is located in the inlet of gasified liquid. Alternatively, the reaction zone is surrounded by the thermal insulation that is resistant to the temperature of 1600°C.
- The Advantage of this method according to the invention is, that using of this method enables an ecological transformation of raw material and waste into further utilisable material. The advantage of the device, according to the invention, is the possibility to optimize the process control by accurate dosage of the gasified substance, and the possibility to reach temperature of the produced gas within the range of 600 and 1200°C, which allows an effective catalytic destruction of organic compounds. Another advantage relating to the produced gas is a low content of impurities that could condense when cooled down, e.g. tars, and therefore a subsequent cleaning method of the gas is not expensive.
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Figure 1 illustrates schematically a vertical section of the device according to the example 1, whereas thefigure 2 represents the same according to the example 2. - According to the example 1, the
reaction zone 2 is situated inside thereactor 1. Thereaction zone 2 is surrounded bythermal insulation 15 , which is covered by thesteel casing 16 from the outside of thereactor 1. At the lower part of thereaction zone 2 thegrid 10 with the shape of annulus is located. Verticallyoriented screw conveyor 17 passes through the centre of thegrid 10 and is driven by adriving mechanism 19 that represents theinlet 3 of at least partially gasifiable solid material from thestorage hopper 18 into thereaction zone 2. Lower part of thereaction zone 2 is thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. In thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material, four inlets 4 of the gasification agent are introduced equidistantly around the circumference of thereactor 1. Inlets 4 of the gasification agent are fitted by theequipment 13 for preheating of the gasification agent. Theoutlet 5 of the produced gas is located at the upper part of thereaction zone 2. - In the device according to the example 1, the produced gas is made by gasification of a mixture of wood chips and sorted communal waste. Particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material are placed in the
storage hopper 18, from where they are transferred by thescrew conveyor 17 to thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. When starting the process, thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material is filled with particles 9 by thescrew conveyor 17 at first, whereupon blowing of the gasification agent consisting of a mixture of air with pure oxygen, preheated to temperature of 500°C, is started into the fixedbed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Thanks to the increased temperature in the environment, consisting of increased content of oxygen, a spontaneous ignition of particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material occur around the inlets 4 of the gasification agent into thereaction zone 2. Subsequently, the other potions of the particles 9 of at least partially gasifiable solid material are added by thescrew conveyor 17 with continuous run to thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. The new added particles 9 drive gradually the particles 9 transferred sooner into thereaction zone 2 out from the centre of thereaction zone 2 to the periphery of the fixedbed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. From the periphery of this fixed bed these particles 9 pass to the fluidized bed, which is located in thereaction zone 2 above thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. After thereaction zone 2 was heated up sufficiently, the gasification agent starts to be enriched by water vapour. Through the reaction of the particles 9 with gases, which are present in thereaction zone 2, the gasification of the particles 9 occours, whereas the smaller particles of the non-gasified residue are carried out from thereaction zone 2 through theoutlet 5 of the produced gas, together with the produced gas and the heavier particles of the non-gasified residue fall down through thegrid 10 to theoutlet 6 of the non-gasified residue. Additionally to nitrogen, the produced gas contains followed significant fraction: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen and water vapour. Since virtually all nitrogen presented in the produced gas came from the gasification agent, which is the air, the content of nitrogen is, thanks to the addition of oxygen in the gasification agent, lower than it would be in the case of using only air as the gasification agent. - Inside the
reactor 1, according to the example 2, thereaction zone 2 is situated.Reaction zone 2 is surrounded by thethermal insulation 15, which is from the outside of thereactor 1 covered by thesteel casing 16. At the lower part of thereaction zone 2 thecircular grid 10 is situated. Diagonally orientedscrew conveyor 17 is driven bydriving mechanism 19 and passes through sidewall of thereactor 1. Thescrew conveyor 17, represents theinlet 3 of at least partially gasifiable solid material from thestorage hopper 18 to thereaction zone 2. Thescrew conveyor 17 is fitted with theequipment 12 for preheating of at least partially gasifiable solid material. The lower part of thereaction zone 2 represents thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Into thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material, four inlets 4 of the gasification agent are introduced. Further, to thespace 7 for forming thefixed bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable material,second inlet 20 of gasified liquid is introduced.Second inlet 20 of gasified liquid is fitted with theequipment 14 for preheating of gasified liquid. Thefirst inlet 11 of the gasified liquid is introduced into thereaction zone 2 above thespace 7 for forming the fixedbed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Theoutlet 5 of the produced gas is located in the upper part of thereaction zone 2. - In the device, according to the example 2, the produced gas is made by gasification of wood pellets of cylindrical shape, with
diameter 0,8 cm andlength 3 cm, that have been produced by pressing of wood saw dust remained after cutting of chipboard. Saw dust contain, except wood, also binders, which were used in production of chipboard. Differently from the example 1, only air at ambient temperature, e.g. 20°C, is used as gasification agent, the process is initiated by ignition of the first batch of pellets using a burner, which is not shown in the drawing, the wood pellets are dosed periodically to the reaction zone based on a signal from sensors, measuring the height of the fixedbed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material. Thermal balance in thereaction zone 2 is increased by preheating of at least partially gasifiable solid material to temperature 400°C. Furthermore, the production according to the example 2 differs from the production according to the example 1 in that the gasified liquid is additionally, introduced into thereaction zone 2 through twoinlets bed 8 of at least partially gasifiable solid material is preheated, prior the entering into thereaction zone 2, to the temperature within the interval from 100 to 200° C. The produced gas contains the same gases as the gas produced according to the example 1, however the content of nitrogen is higher than it was at the gas produced according to the example 1. - The invention is possible to use wherever it is appropriate to convert the combustible solid material to flammable or chemically treatable gas, especially in disposals of wood-based wastes, cellulose-based wastes and plastic wastes.
Claims (10)
- The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material, using the effect of gasification agent, characterised in that the first portion of particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material is piled inside the reaction zone into a fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material, whereas the other portions of at least partially gasifiable solid material are continually and/or by pulse procedure introduced under the surface of this fixed bed, thereby the particles creating the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material are transferred from the inside of this fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material towards its periphery, and at the same time, the particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material are exposed to the influence of the gasification agent, which is introduced into the reaction zone, in the proces the gasification agent penetrates at least partially under the surface of the fixed bed of at least partially gasifiable solid material and furthermore, the particles of at least partially gasifiable solid material which reached to the surface of this fixed bed pass into the fluidized bed, due to the flow of gases and/or pass into the outlet of the non-gasified residue due to gravity, whereas the particles in the fluidized bed are exposed further to the influence of gases that are present in the reaction zone until the conversion of these particles into the produced gas and the non-gasified residue, which is removed from the reaction zone separately and/or is carried out by the produced gas.
- The method according to the claim 1 characterised in that gasified liquid is introduced additionally into the reaction zone.
- The method according to the claim 1 or 2 characterised in that at least one compound selected from the group: at least partially gasifiable material, gasification agent, gasified liquid, is preheated before its introduction into the reaction zone.
- The device for the gas production formed by the reactor (1), into the reaction zone (2) of which the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material, at least one inlet (4) of gasification agent, the outlet (5) of the produced gas, the outlet (6) of the non-gasified residue are introduced, characterised in that a part of reaction zone (2) is formed by the space (7) for forming the fixed bed (8) of at least partially gasifiable solid material, into which the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material is introduced.
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that the reactor (1) involves further at least one grid (10) which is located between the reaction zone (2) and the outlet (6) of the non-gasified residue.
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that at least one inlet (11) of gasifiable liquid is introduced additionally into the reaction zone (2).
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that the equipment (12) for preheating of at least partially gasifiable solid material is located in the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material.
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that an equipment (13) for preheating of gasification agent is located in the inlet (4) of the gasification agent.
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that a equipment (14) for preheating of gasified liquid is located in the inlet (11) of gasified liquid.
- The device according to the claim 4 characterised in that the reaction zone (2) is surrounded by the thermal insulation (15) that is resistant to the temperature of 1600° C.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07466024A EP2062961A1 (en) | 2007-11-23 | 2007-11-23 | The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07466024A EP2062961A1 (en) | 2007-11-23 | 2007-11-23 | The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method |
Publications (1)
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EP2062961A1 true EP2062961A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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EP07466024A Withdrawn EP2062961A1 (en) | 2007-11-23 | 2007-11-23 | The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method |
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Citations (7)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US5026403A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1991-06-25 | Michel Kim Herwig | Three stage process for producing producer gas from combustible waste products |
US5026204A (en) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-25 | Traffix Devices, Inc. | Traffic control element and method of erecting and stabilizing same |
CZ285142B6 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-05-12 | Škoda Ts A.S. | Biogas gasification generator |
WO1999035214A1 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-15 | Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. | A process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials |
US6120567A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 2000-09-19 | Enviro-Combustion Systems Inc. | Method of gasifying solid organic materials |
US20040107638A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2004-06-10 | Nexterra Energy Corporation | Apparatus and method for gasifying solid organic materials |
WO2006056053A1 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-01 | Kenneth Davison | Method and apparatus for gasifying solid organic materials using a side feed/centre ash dump system |
-
2007
- 2007-11-23 EP EP07466024A patent/EP2062961A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5026403A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1991-06-25 | Michel Kim Herwig | Three stage process for producing producer gas from combustible waste products |
US6120567A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 2000-09-19 | Enviro-Combustion Systems Inc. | Method of gasifying solid organic materials |
US5026204A (en) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-25 | Traffix Devices, Inc. | Traffic control element and method of erecting and stabilizing same |
WO1999035214A1 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-15 | Greenpower Engineering & Technologies S.A. | A process and apparatus for treating solid fuel materials |
CZ285142B6 (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-05-12 | Škoda Ts A.S. | Biogas gasification generator |
US20040107638A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 | 2004-06-10 | Nexterra Energy Corporation | Apparatus and method for gasifying solid organic materials |
WO2006056053A1 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2006-06-01 | Kenneth Davison | Method and apparatus for gasifying solid organic materials using a side feed/centre ash dump system |
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