EP2058466B1 - Window joint - Google Patents

Description

The present invention provides a window connection tape for sealing the gap between the building opening edge and a window sash or window frame. It understood the subject of construction, in particular joints of frame members with surrounding masonry. The window connection tape represents a vapor barrier and should prevent the emergence and ingress of moisture into the masonry or the surrounding insulating layer, but on the other hand safely remove moisture formed by dew precipitation from the joint area and keep the thermal insulation in the joint dry. The window connection tape is used to seal against water, driving rain, drafts and dust as well as for heat / cold insulation and sound insulation.

State of the art

A variety of sealing and window hinges can be found on the market. The basic materials are rubber (EPDM) or sponge rubber, PVC, PTFE, PUR, CR (cellular rubber), VMQ (cellular rubber), PE (as foil or foamed), silicone, vinyl and rubber. Here, a distinction can be made between solid, closed-cell, mixed-cell or open-cell quality. In addition, vapor barriers in the form of metal foil strips (aluminum foil, copper foil) are in use.

Depending on the shape, a distinction is made between hollow and solid profile strips, one-sided open strip profiles with or without foam filling. There are crown profile bands or bead tubes. The tapes have different water vapor diffusion resistances. Thus, there are diffusion-tight foil tapes or vapor-permeable vinyl tapes.

The fixation takes place via terminal strips, sealing strips, piping or adhesive. Rubber, rubber resin adhesive, acrylate adhesive and silicone adhesive are used as adhesives. These are applied on site or are already applied to self-adhesive tapes, for example by lamination or impregnation. However, they can also themselves be part of the function of the tape, as with certain butyl gaskets.

Nonwovens, wool felt boards, glass fiber meshes or plastic mesh and fabric, such as gauze mesh are used as another layer in the tapes to prevent water, wind and dust, but to let steam through or to provide better adhesion for the adhesive, to ensure surface fidelity or as a plaster base to serve. The adhesive layer may be applied on one or both sides or applied as a double-sided adhesive tape. In addition, some sealing tapes pre-compressed to improve volume resistance and ease of insertion into joints.

To mention are first two utility models DE 296 05 456 U and DE 297 15 660 U which represent band-like connecting elements with adhesive bondability to the components. The former serves as a moisture barrier whereby butyl rubber has the insulating and adhesive effect. The second utility model also includes a vapor diffusion open section.

Another diffusion-tight connection element with releasable extension reserve is in DE 101 08 437 which is intended to prevent damage to inelastic films due to mechanical stresses caused by expansion in the masonry. This is provided with a second film layer without width reserve and has a predetermined tear point.

A band-like connecting element is also in DE 10 2004 012 473 disclosed. This connecting element has as an extension reserve an elastic single-layer vapor-diffusion-open or vapor-diffusion-closed expansion film and can also be created as a combination element. Then two sections of different vapor diffusion density are connected by a central adhesion area. As a result, similar to the band-like connecting element in EP 1 221 524 A2 a seal of the window frame with different diffusion to the outer masonry and the interior can be achieved. In the latter document, the extension reserve is formed by a transverse fold (box fold) whereby a draw pile is formed to avoid cracking. The vapor-permeable band section is to be fastened with a retaining strip located laterally on the longitudinal edge on the outer masonry and can be connected to the window frame via an adhesive strip attached in the center of the band. This section combines limp exterior wall and window frames. Moisture due to water vapor is conducted to the outside. Against drafts, cold, water, noise or dust this section acts but sealing. A second portion of this band-like connecting element extends from the tape in the middle of the tape to the second longitudinal edge, where also an adhesive strip is applied for adhering to an inner masonry. This second sub-area is formed vapor-diffusion closed, whereby a good seal of the interior space takes place and no water vapor can penetrate into the sensitive intermediate area of the interior. Damage to the masonry due to condensing water vapor on colder layers, the resulting building moisture and mold formation becomes effective avoided. However, this only applies in the event that the temperature and humidity of the interior is higher than outside, as is the case mainly in the cooler season. Through the use of good insulation and air conditioning systems, however, a situation is created in the warmer season in which humid-humid outside air condenses at the cooler gap between the window frame and masonry and the moisture as waterlogging for a long time can damage the building fabric. The order of the band sections would have to be reversed depending on the season, but this is logically not possible due to the obstruction.

A window connecting belt with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 201 17 273 U known. This has a middle layer, which is either diffusion-open, the diffusion-tight.

Materials are also known which have diffusion-variable properties, for example " Problem solutions for difficult building physics renovations ", Hartwig M. Künzel, Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics, Oct. 2001 ,

Object of the invention

The search was therefore for a window connection tape, which accommodates the climatic fluctuations between the seasons but also the times of day, weather-related or due to different phases of the production of a building (construction, insulation, plastering, window installation, sealing). Heat should not penetrate in the summer if possible or only slowly. Cold and drafts should be avoided, dust and moisture should be prevented. At the same time, the formation of condensation water by condensing air moisture from water vapor should always be reduced from which side and steam should be effectively removed into the ambient air.

The latter especially in reverse conditions, where cold and dry air is inside a building, and water vapor may also be discharged from the joint into the interior and should. The window connection tape is intended to prevent damage caused by condensation and mold. Health hazards caused by fungal spores should be prevented.

The protection request

To solve this problem, a window connection tape according to claim 1 is proposed with a width of 30mm to 1000mm for sealing the circumferential gap between the building opening edge and a window sash or window frame, wherein the band has two diffusionsvariable zones in the width direction. At least three zones are provided for bonding across the width of the tape.

The first diffusion-variable zone includes sheet-like material which, depending on the moisture content, is diffusion-open to highly diffusion-inhibiting, formed in the joint from window stock or window frame and masonry on the side facing the interior and thus opposite the insulating and foaming material located therein. The second diffusion-variable zone includes further sheet material with the same properties in the same joint, but between window frame or window frame on the side facing the exterior.

This results in a two-stage variable vapor permeability, the fenstertiefen gap, with three zones of outdoor air, intermediate air and indoor air, different temperature and moisture content separated by the diffusion-variable materials. Bondings are used to connect the edge sides of the window connecting strip with the building opening edge inside and outside on the one hand, and the connection of the bonding zone in the middle width section with the outside of the window frame or window frame on the other.

It is advantageous if the two diffusion-variable zones have the same water vapor diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness s _d at the same temperature and air humidity. Its value is suitably adjusted by the materials used and composition of the tape layers within the range of 0.01m to 250m. In this case, the two zones can have a constant construction over the entire width. In addition, the adhesive strip for mounting on the window frame or window frame can be fixed to the middle zone of the strip.

On the other hand, it may be advantageous under certain environmental conditions to design the two diffusion-variable zones at the same temperature and humidity with different water vapor diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness s _d1 , s _d2 . The two values are set by the different materials and / or compositions of the width sections of one or more tape layers within the range of 0.01m to 250m.

To achieve the desired vapor diffusion resistance ranges, the diffusion-variable zones are formed from one or more polyolefin or polyamide material layers, also combined. The window connection tape can be at least 0.05 mm to a maximum of 8 mm thick at these zones.

The diffusion-variable zones may have included nonwovens made of polypropylene and / or polyester for reinforcement. They may include a fabric preferably a leno fabric, scrim, braids or mesh or, in the case of using multiple layers, combinations thereof for stabilization or having a glass reinforcement.

A moisture-regulating film skin, for example made of polyethylene copolymer can also serve to optimize the diffusion variability.

The adhesive zones are either already provided with a self-adhesive layer and / or laminated adhesive strips, for example made of acrylate, butyl or polymer adhesive, or designed for application. For the transport protection of the splices, an abzichbarer protective paper strips preferably a silicone paper for easily removable cover the same may be applied.

For storage and transport purposes, it is advantageous to wind the window connection tape in roll form, but with a low-cut, at least one length must be present, which is larger than the circumferential path of at least one window cane or window frame to be sealed. In addition, the number of protective paper strips can sometimes be reduced by the winding.

• Fig.1 ein Fensteranschlussband nach dem Stand der Technik in der Einbauphase eines Fensters in eine Gebäudeöffnung und dessen Klebefixierungen am Fensterrahmen und am Mauerwerk im Schnitt quer zur Längsrichtung des Bandes vor Anbringung von Wärmedämmung und Putz.
• Fig.2 zeigt den Querschnitt eines Bandes (in Breitenrichtung) gemäß dem Stand der Technik vor dem Anbringen an einen Rahmenbauteil.
• Fig.3 zeigt das Fensteranschlussband 1 mit zwei diffusionsvariablen Zonen 2,3 und drei mit Klebestreifen versehenen Zonen 4,5,6 in einer typischen Anwendung nach dem Einbau.
• Fig.4 zeigt eine einfache Ausführung des Fensteranschlussbandes 1, für eine Anwendung gemäß Fig.3 im Schnitt vor der Verklebung.
• Fig.5 zeigt das Beispiel aus Fig.4 mit Schutzabdeckungen 14 für die Klebestreifen.
• Fig.6 zeigt eine Grobdarstellung einer teilentrollten Fensteranschlussbandrolle 16 mit dem Querschnitt aus Fig.5.
• Fig.7 bis Fig. 12 zeigen weitere Beispiele möglicher Bandaufbauten insbesondere mögliche Positionen der Klebestreifen 9 oder Klebeschichten 15.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying figures nälter. Show it:

• Fig .1 a window connecting band according to the prior art in the installation phase of a window in a building opening and its adhesive fixations on the window frame and the masonry in section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tape before applying insulation and plaster.
• Fig. 2 shows the cross section of a band (in the width direction) according to the prior art prior to attachment to a frame member.
• Fig. 3 Figure 1 shows the window connection tape 1 with two diffusion-variable zones 2, 3 and 3 adhesive-coated zones 4, 5, 6 in a typical post-installation application.
• Fig. 4 shows a simple embodiment of the window connection tape 1, for an application according to Fig. 3 on average before bonding.
• Fig. 5 shows the example Fig. 4 with protective covers 14 for the adhesive strips.
• Fig. 6 shows a rough representation of a teilentrollten window connection belt roller 16 with the cross section Fig. 5 ,
• Fig .7 to Fig. 12 show further examples of possible tape structures in particular possible positions of the adhesive strips 9 or adhesive layers 15th

Comparing existing solutions Fig.1 For the sealing and connection of the window installation joint with the presented solution, the innovation manifests itself essentially in the combination of the materials. Widely used are band-shaped diffusion-tight foils (vapor barriers) made of metal, which are used on the inside of the building. These are provided with various adhesives either on site before installation, or they are already delivered ready with adhesive coatings or laminated adhesive strips.

In addition, there are vapor-permeable tapes made of different nonwovens, which are either self-adhesive on the edge or are provided with adhesives. In Fig .1 and Fig. 2 An example of a combination of a vapor-permeable band member 10 and a diffusion-closed band member 11 according to the prior art is shown. In unfavorable conditions in summer, humid warm air penetrates into the gap through the vapor-permeable zone and cools down due to artificial air conditioning of the interior (dry, cooler room air). As a result, the humidity in the air condenses and damages the inner parts of the masonry due to accumulating congestion, allowing mold growth and thus health problems. The desired diffusion direction from the masonry to the outside air is not given in all climatic conditions. (The one-way principle works in reverse.)

The situation is better in the inventive use of diffusion-variable tape materials for both the side facing the room 2 as well as for the Outside air facing side 3 according to Figure 3 , Diffusion takes place the easier the drier the particular film is. In winter, the outside air is dry to moderately moist and cold. Due to the heating at the cover area 3, it dries even more and also reduces the moisture content of the vapor barrier there, which results in a high diffusibility. Any existing moisture in the joint is effectively discharged. Due to the heating in the interior, the humidity rises due to evaporation of water to plants and sweat and breath in winter inside. When ventilating medium-humid air is introduced into the room and heated by the heater and dried by it. Room humidifiers are therefore often used to make the indoor climate more comfortable. If the interior has a medium humidity, then dew moisture can be formed on cooling on a poorly insulated joint, so that the air exchange to the inside is insulated by the zone 2 . The increase in the water vapor diffusion resistance caused by a large increase in moisture at this point effectively counteracts further penetration and condensation of air moisture in the gap region. This functionality was also achieved by the conventional arrangement Fig.1 given in winter.

In summer or on balmy winter days a different situation can occur. Moist outdoor air through humid weather or rainy weather diffuses through the vapor-permeable outer gasket 10, cools there and condenses unintentionally ( Fig .1 .). However, if a dilffusionsvariable film is used in the zone 3 , the increasing moisture immediately causes an increase in the water vapor diffusion resistance whereby further moisture entry is inevitably prevented in the joint area. In the case of high dryness due to heating or air conditioning systems in the interior, in contrast to vapor braking, the use of diffusion-variable material in zone 2 makes it possible to diffuse out the moisture in the direction of the interior. Depending on the climatic situation and geographical orientation, the required optimal basic values s _d1 , s _{d2 may be} varied. A related factory setting brings optimal conditions.

The factory parameters are: the water vapor permeability at defined humidity, the moisture-variable diffusion equivalents air layer thickness at defined humidity and temperature, the dependency function, which describes a non-linear increase or decrease of the basic value when the humidity changes.

The new window connection tape causes different vapor permeability at different humidity and temperature. The drier and usually also lower tempered band section represents the vapor diffusion open area. The moist section and usually warmer section represents the vapor diffusion-inhibiting area.

In Fig. 4 the section through the window connection tape 1 is shown. The functionally different zones 2,3,4,5,6 are shown. The zones 2, 3 of the variable water vapor retardation with diffusion-variable materials 12 and 12 ' and the zones 4, 5, 6 of the bonding with the components 7, 8 serve as in FIG Figure 3 shown. Masonry or building opening boundary 7 is connected to an adhesive strip 9 on zones 4 and 5 with the bandwidth edge of Band 1 , another tape 9 on the zone 6 connects the broadside band center region with the frame 8 of a window, which usually has a profile recess.

By applying protective covers 14, as in Fig. 5 shown in section unwanted sticking during storage and transport is avoided. The transport form is expediently in roll form 16 as illustrated in Fi g.6. Depending on the application, belt areas in zones 2, 3 can be made the same or different. The band may have at least one same continuous layer across the width. It can have two different sections with different layers. A maximum of four layers of materials 12 and 12 ' may be adhesive tape or adhesive layer substrates. A laminated adhesive strip at the butt edge between material 12 and 12 'can serve for bridging and connection ( Fig. 4-6 ).

The possibilities of the band design are versatile. This can be done optimally according to the building requirements. So the band may be offered separately from adhesives, with the associated adhesive zones are announced 4,5,6 in the product description or on the product to the user. Zones 2-6 may also be identical if a surface layer suitable for bonding forms the diffusion-variable material. Each of the adhesive zones 4,5,6 can provided with an adhesive strip 9 on the tape top side or the underside of the belt, the adhesive zones 4,5 on both sides with adhesive tape to be ( Fig. 4 . Fig. 7-10 ).

The adhesive zones 4,5,6 can with the tape wholly or the wide side partially covering adhesive layer 15 on the tape top side or the underside of the belt on both sides or be provided ( Fig . 11-14 ).

It may have one side or a bandwidth part of an adhesive layer and the other side or the adhesive zone in the other bandwidth half with at least one Be provided with adhesive tape ( Fig. 15-19 ). Individual adhesive strips or adhesive layers can also be omitted if other installation options exist on site.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Window connection tape

2

inner diffusion-variable zone

3

outer diffusion-variable zone

4

Adhesive zone for the masonry inside

5

Adhesive zone for the masonry exterior

6

Adhesive zone for the window floor or window frame

7

Wall or building opening

8th

Window frame, window stock

9

tape

10

vapor-permeable flexible material (vapor barrier with low s _d value <0.5m)

11

diffusion-proof flexible material (vapor barrier with high s _d value> 1500 m, eg aluminum foil)

12

moisture-variable diffusion-open to diffusion-inhibiting material s _d value (0.01 m to 250 m)

13

Insulating foam (PUR)

14

Protective paper strips

15

adhesive layer

16

Window connection tape roll

Claims (10)

1. Window connection strip (1) with a width of 30 mm to 1000 mm for sealing the circumferential joint between a building opening edge and a window casing or window frame which, in the width direction, has a first zone (2) made of planar material and a second zone (3) which is made of planar material, wherein at least three adhesive zones (4, 5, 6) are provided for adhesion over the width of the strip, wherein an adhesive zone (6) of the strip is provided to create a permanent adhesive connection to the window casing or the window frame and the other two adhesive zones (4, 5) are provided to create a permanent adhesive connection to part of the building opening edge closer to the inside of the building, on the one hand, and to part of the building opening edge closer to the outside of the building, on the other hand, characterized in that the first zone (2) is a diffusion-variable zone (2) made of planar material which acts in a diffusion-open to highly diffusion-inhibiting manner, depending on its moisture content, and the second zone (3) is a diffusion-variable zone (3) which is formed from planar material and likewise acts in a diffusion-open to highly diffusion-inhibiting manner depending on its moisture content.
2. Window connection strip according to claim 1, characterized in that the two diffusion-variable zones (2, 3) exhibit the same water vapour diffusion-variable air layer thickness s_d at the same temperature and air moisture, wherein the value thereof is set by the materials used and the composition of one or more strip layers within the region of s_d = 0.01 m to s_d = 250 m.
3. Window connection strip according to claim 1, characterized in that the two diffusion-variable zones (2, 3) exhibit a different water vapour diffusion-equivalent air layer thickness s_d1 and s_d2 at the same temperature and air moisture, wherein the two values are set by different materials and/or compositions of two width portions with one or a plurality of strip layers within the range of s_d1,2 = 0.01 m to s_d1,2 = 250 m.
4. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the strip width sections exhibit a thickness of 0.05 mm to 8 mm in the diffusion-variable zones (2, 3) and are formed from one, several or combined material layers of polyolefins or polyamide.
5. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diffusion-variable zones contain a non-woven material made of polypropylene or polyester or a plurality of non-woven materials made of polypropylene, polyester or combinations thereof for reinforcement.
6. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diffusion-variable zones contain at least one woven fabric, laid web, braiding or mesh.
7. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diffusion-variable zones contain at least one glass reinforcement.
8. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the diffusion-variable zones contain at least one moisture-regulating film membrane made of polyethylene copolymer.
9. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the adhesive zones are provided with a self-adhesive layer (15) and/or laminated adhesive strips (9) made of acrylate, butyl or polymer adhesive, for example, which are covered with a removable strip of protective paper (14) for storage and transportation.
10. Window connection strip according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that for storage and transport purposes, wound up in roll form (16), it exhibits a length which is greater than the circumference of at least one window casing or window frame.

Images