EP2053625A1 - Dispositif de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2053625A1
EP2053625A1 EP07020719A EP07020719A EP2053625A1 EP 2053625 A1 EP2053625 A1 EP 2053625A1 EP 07020719 A EP07020719 A EP 07020719A EP 07020719 A EP07020719 A EP 07020719A EP 2053625 A1 EP2053625 A1 EP 2053625A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control unit
actuator
switching device
individual
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07020719A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul FRÖHLICH
Carsten Schmidt
Patrick Gehlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP07020719A priority Critical patent/EP2053625A1/fr
Publication of EP2053625A1 publication Critical patent/EP2053625A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01H47/004—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits using plural redundant serial connected relay operated contacts in controlled circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1081—Modifications for selective or back-up protection; Correlation between feeder and branch circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device by means of which a group of current paths is safely switchable.
  • the safety chain consists of the elements sensor for detecting the switch-off function, evaluation device for evaluating the sensor signal and actuation of actuators, which switch off the machine, the system or the machine or system part, and the actuators themselves.
  • drives In a machine or plant several drives may be present, which should be switched off individually, in groups or together in such emergencies. In normal operation, however, the drives should be able to be switched independently operatively.
  • the feedback circuit in this case comprises the actuators of the Abschaltpfades associated return contacts, which are positively guided.
  • a switching device which has a group actuator, a group of individual actuators and a safe control unit.
  • the individual actuators are connected in parallel with each other electrically, so that in each case a multi-pole load current path can be switched by means of each individual actuator.
  • the group actuator is electrically connected upstream of the parallel connection of the individual actuators, so that all load current paths can be switched together by means of the group actuator.
  • Each single actuator has main contacts and at least one feedback contact.
  • the respective load current path can be switched by means of the main contacts.
  • the group actuator also has main contacts and at least one feedback contact. By means of the main contacts of the group actuator all load current paths can be switched together.
  • the feedback contacts of the individual actuators and the group actuator are connected in series with each other, so that it is recognizable by the safe control unit on the basis of the confirmed status, whether all actuators have opened the load current paths or their respective load current path.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a switching device which is constructed relatively simple and inexpensive and by means of which on the one hand an individual switching of the individual load current paths is possible and on the other hand, a safe shutdown of the load current paths is ensured.
  • the secure control unit is designed such that it automatically controls the individual actuators from time to time, based on the actual switching states of the feedback contacts Checks whether the individual actuators switch accordingly, and at least in the event of a fault outputs a warning message. This procedure makes it possible to detect faulty individual actuators in advance, ie before the occurrence of a safety-related shutdown signal.
  • the group actuator - analogous to the individual actuators - also main contacts and at least one feedback contact.
  • the feedback contact is individually (i.e., independent of the feedback contacts of the individual actuators) connected to the safe control unit so that the actual switching state of the group actuator can be determined by the safe control unit based on the actual switching state of the feedback contact.
  • the secure control unit is preferably designed such that it automatically controls the group actuator from time to time, using the IstschaltPark the feedback contact checks whether the group actuator switches accordingly, and at least in the event of a fault outputs a warning.
  • the secure control unit is preferably designed such that it automatically controls the group actuator from time to time, using the IstschaltPark the feedback contact checks whether the group actuator switches accordingly, and at least in the event of a fault outputs a warning.
  • the individual actuators are each designed such that their actual switching state corresponds to a current application state of a drive coil of the respective Einzelaktors with proper function.
  • the individual actuators may be designed as a contactor or as a power relay.
  • the group actuator is designed such that its actual switching state changes during proper operation of the group actuator when current is applied to a drive coil of the group actuator and at Non-admission does not change.
  • the group actuator can be designed, for example, as an electrically switchable circuit breaker or the like. Such circuit breakers are known per se.
  • the secure control unit can be designed as a software programmable device. Alternatively, the secure control unit may be designed as a hard-wired circuit.
  • the switching device prefferably designed as a modular switching device which has one module per module as a structural unit per load current path.
  • the switching device is scalable as needed (namely, according to the number of required load current paths).
  • one of the modules comprises the group actuator.
  • a switching device has a group actuator 1, a group of individual actuators 2 and a safe control unit 3.
  • the individual actuators 2 are connected in parallel to each other electrically, so that by means of each Einzelaktors 2 - by appropriate control by means of the safe control unit 3 - each have a load current path 4 is switchable.
  • the load current paths 4 are multipolar, so that each load current path 4 can, for example, switch the three phases of a three-phase network N.
  • the group actuator 1 is electrically connected upstream of the parallel connection of the individual actuators 2. Due to a corresponding activation by the safe control unit 3, all load current paths 4 can thus be jointly connected by means of the group actuator 1.
  • the safe control unit 3 other signals can be specified, for example, safety-related switch-off signals for the load current paths. 4
  • the secure control unit 3 and its structure is known as such.
  • the safe control unit 3 must in particular be fail-safe, so that individual errors of the safe control unit 3 remain without dangerous effects.
  • the safe control unit 3 may be designed as a software programmable device, in particular as fail-safe programmable logic controller (PLC) or as a secure function block.
  • PLC fail-safe programmable logic controller
  • the safe control unit 3 may be formed as a hard-wired circuit, ie as Circuit whose operation is determined by the internal interconnection of the individual components of the safe control unit 3. Programming the safe control unit 3 is neither possible nor necessary in the latter case.
  • the individual actuators 2 and their structure is known as such.
  • the individual actuators 2 according to FIG. 1 (compare in addition FIG. 4 ) Main contacts 6 and at least one feedback contact 7 on.
  • the respective load current path 4 is switchable.
  • the feedback contact 7 of this single actuator 2 is also forcibly connected.
  • the feedback contacts 7 are individually connected to the secure control unit 3.
  • the safe control unit 3 is thus able to determine the actual switching state of the respective individual actuator 2 on the basis of the actual switching state Bi of the respective feedback contact 7.
  • the actual switching state of the respective individual actuator 2 generally corresponds directly and directly to the actual switching state Bi of the respective feedback contact 7.
  • the reference symbol Bi is therefore also used for the actual switching state of the respective individual actuator 2.
  • the group actuator 1 also has the group actuator 1 main contacts 8 and at least one feedback contact 9. By means of the main contacts 8, all load current paths 4 can be switched together.
  • the feedback contact 9 is individually (ie independent of the feedback contacts 7 of the individual actuators 2) connected to the safe control unit 3.
  • the actual switching state of the group actuator 1 can thus be determined by the safe control unit 3 on the basis of the actual switching state B0 of the feedback contact 9.
  • the actual switching state of the group actuator 1 corresponds directly to the actual switching state B0 of the feedback contact 9. For this Reason is subsequently used for the actual switching state of the group actuator 1 also the reference B0.
  • the safe control unit 3 For each individual actuator 2, the safe control unit 3 is supplied with its respective desired switching state Ai.
  • the actual switching states Bi (possibly with a slight delay) follow the respective desired switching state Ai.
  • the safe control unit 3 outputs to the group actuator 1 a drive signal C0, so that the group actuator 1 remains closed. This is in the left part of FIG. 2 as shown.
  • the difference between the reaction time t2 and the switching time t1 corresponds to a waiting time T.
  • the waiting time T is determined in such a way that (with proper functioning the single actuators 2) have switched them with certainty.
  • the waiting time T is usually in the range of several milliseconds, for example between 20 and 100 ms.
  • FIG. 3 takes the safe control unit 3 in a step S1, the target switching states Ai of the individual actuators 2 against.
  • the safe control unit 3 determines the corresponding drive signals Ci for the individual actuators 2 and outputs the drive signals Ci to the individual actuators 2. Furthermore, in step S2, the safe control unit 3 controls the group actuator 1 such that its main contacts 8 are closed.
  • step S3 the safe control unit 3 receives the actual switching states Bi of the feedback contacts 7 of the individual actuators 2.
  • step S 4 the secure control unit 3 checks whether one (or more) of the individual actuators 2 has (or has) a malfunction. If this is not the case, the safe control unit 3 in the simplest embodiment returns to step S1. This embodiment is in FIG. 3 dashed lines.
  • step S5 the safe control unit 3 controls the group actuator 1 by means of the corresponding drive signal C0 in such a way that the group actuator 1 opens all load current paths 4. Then, the secure control unit 3 proceeds to a step S6 where it waits for a reset. In the case of a malfunction of one of the individual actuators 2, the safe control unit 3 furthermore generally controls all the individual actuators 2 in such a way that they open their respective load current paths 4. This is in a step S7 shown. However, step S7 is not mandatory.
  • step S8 is still available.
  • the secure control unit 3 outputs a message that an error has occurred.
  • the message is output that an error has occurred.
  • the output message preferably specifies the error that has occurred, in particular the single actuator 2 in which the error has occurred.
  • step S9 the safe control unit 3 checks whether the actual switching state B0 of the group actuator 1 corresponds to its drive signal C0. If this is not the case, the group actuator 1 is faulty. In this case, a corresponding error message is output in step S10.
  • steps S11 to S14 are present.
  • the presence of steps S11 to S14 is not absolutely necessary, but rather only optional. However, it is preferred.
  • step S11 the secure control unit 3 checks whether a check time T 'has elapsed.
  • the checking time T ' is considerably greater than the waiting time T. It can be in the range of hours, days or weeks, for example. If the checking time T 'has not elapsed, the safe control unit 3 returns to step S1. Otherwise, it executes step S12.
  • Step S15 may additionally be present.
  • Step S15 is executed if no error is detected in step S13.
  • step S15 a corresponding message is output.
  • Step S15 is optional only and therefore in FIG. 3 dashed lines.
  • the issuing of a message can be done in various ways.
  • the secure control unit 3 in electronic form a message to a higher-level device, such as a higher-level control device or a computer output.
  • the secure control unit 3 can output a message that is directly and immediately perceptible by a person.
  • the secure control unit 3 can issue a visual or audible warning message.
  • the individual actuators 2 are generally designed as a contactor or similar switching device. They therefore have a structure as described below in connection with FIG. 4 is explained in more detail.
  • Each single actuator 2 has a drive coil 10.
  • the drive coil 10 of the respective single actuator 2 is subjected to a current I, the drive coil 10 transfers an armature 11 from a rest position to an actuated position.
  • the transferring of the armature 11 from rest into the actuation position effects the switching of the main contacts 6 and the return contact 7 in a manner known per se.
  • the same structure is possible in principle as for the individual actuators 2.
  • the group actuator 1 is preferably according to FIG FIG. 5 designed.
  • the group actuator 1 also has a drive coil 13. Furthermore, however, the group actuator 1 has an exchange element 14. Each time the drive coil 13 of the group actuator 1 is again charged with a current I ', it acts on the change element 14. The change element 14 changes due to the action of the drive coil 13 once its switching state. The changed switching state reserves the change element 14, as long as the current application of the drive coil 13 is maintained. But even when the current application of the drive coil 13 of the group actuator 1 is terminated, the change element 14 maintains its changed switching state. The interchangeable element 14 only changes its switching state (again) when the drive coil 13 is again charged with the current I 'after the end of the current application.
  • the group actuator 1 is therefore designed such that its actual switching state B0 is when the group actuator 1 functions properly when the drive coil 13 is energized of the group actuator 1 changes and does not change on non-application.
  • Such actuators are known for single-phase circuits, for example under the trade name "Eltaco". It is readily possible to extend such a configuration to the switching of a plurality of main contacts 8 and at least one feedback contact 9.
  • the group actuator 1 may be combined with a power switch.
  • the switching device according to the invention can be designed as a preassembled unit. Alternatively, it is possible that the switching device is mounted on site. However, particularly preferred is an embodiment as described below in connection with FIG. 6 is explained.
  • the switching device is modular. It has, per load current path 4, in each case a module 15 embodied as a structural unit.
  • Each module 15 comprises one of the individual actuators 2 for switching the respective load current path 4 and a safe sub-control unit 16 for driving and monitoring the corresponding individual actuator 2.
  • the safe sub-control units 16 together form the safe control unit 3.
  • one of the modules 15 comprises the group actuator 1.
  • the interconnection between the modules 15 can be done manually.
  • the modules 15 have pre-assembled interfaces, so that the interconnection of the modules 15 automatically results when the modules 15 are placed on one another.

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  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
EP07020719A 2007-10-23 2007-10-23 Dispositif de commutation Withdrawn EP2053625A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07020719A EP2053625A1 (fr) 2007-10-23 2007-10-23 Dispositif de commutation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07020719A EP2053625A1 (fr) 2007-10-23 2007-10-23 Dispositif de commutation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2053625A1 true EP2053625A1 (fr) 2009-04-29

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EP07020719A Withdrawn EP2053625A1 (fr) 2007-10-23 2007-10-23 Dispositif de commutation

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EP (1) EP2053625A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2461342A1 (fr) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Module de commutation protégé contre les erreurs
WO2013149905A1 (fr) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de commutation de sécurité doté d'un élément de commutation dans un trajet de courant de contact auxiliaire

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0274639A1 (fr) * 1986-12-12 1988-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de protection à interruption
DE19632347A1 (de) * 1996-08-10 1998-02-12 Kaco Elektrotechnik Gmbh Schalter, insbesondere Relais
DE10117339C1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2003-02-06 Siemens Ag Schutzschaltsystem mit Zweigschaltern mit Hilfsschalterfunktion, oder mit jeweils angebautem Hilfsschalter
DE20122525U1 (de) * 2001-09-28 2006-01-12 Moeller Gmbh Anordnung zur Überwachung von Motorstartern

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0274639A1 (fr) * 1986-12-12 1988-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de protection à interruption
DE19632347A1 (de) * 1996-08-10 1998-02-12 Kaco Elektrotechnik Gmbh Schalter, insbesondere Relais
DE10117339C1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2003-02-06 Siemens Ag Schutzschaltsystem mit Zweigschaltern mit Hilfsschalterfunktion, oder mit jeweils angebautem Hilfsschalter
DE20122525U1 (de) * 2001-09-28 2006-01-12 Moeller Gmbh Anordnung zur Überwachung von Motorstartern

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2461342A1 (fr) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Module de commutation protégé contre les erreurs
WO2013149905A1 (fr) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de commutation de sécurité doté d'un élément de commutation dans un trajet de courant de contact auxiliaire
US9852852B2 (en) 2012-04-05 2017-12-26 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Safety switching apparatus with switching element in the auxiliary contact current path

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