EP2046692A1

EP2046692A1 - R-glass, e-glass, and ecr glass fibers comprising an aqueous sizing

Info

Publication number: EP2046692A1
Application number: EP07785988A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Peter Richter; Roman Teschner
Original assignee: S D R BIOTEC VERFAHRENSTECHNIK GmbH
Current assignee: S D R BIOTEC VERFAHRENSTECHNIK GmbH
Priority date: 2006-07-27
Filing date: 2007-07-11
Publication date: 2009-04-15
Also published as: RU2009106872A; WO2008011986A1; US20090305864A1; RU2413687C2; CA2657812A1; US20090186222A1; CA2657810A1; DE102006062733A1; RU2406705C2; DE102006062733B4; EP2046693A1; RU2009106875A; WO2008011985A1

Abstract

The invention relates to R-glass, E-glass, and/or ECR-glass fibers containing a sizing that comprises at least one multicomponent film former, a lubricant, and an adhesive.

Description

DESCRIPTION

R-E and ECR glass fibers with aqueous sizing

The present invention relates to R-E and / or ECR glass fibers containing or containing a size with at least one multi-component film former, a lubricant and a coupling agent.

The glass fibers, regardless of their chemical composition, are kink and scrub sensitive. Care must therefore be taken during the fiber-drawing process (sizing order) in order to effectively protect the glass fibers against the scouring effect of glass on glass or of glass on drawing drum and thus against the risk of mechanical damage. This is achieved by applying a size.

The composition of the size not only affects the degree of closure, the stiffness, the hardness and / or the surface properties of the

Fiberglass products but also the related technological processes, e.g. the fiber drawing process, the winding (coil assembly), the drying process and in particular the further processability (weaving, cutting) of the textile glass fibers.

In the weaving process, the ability to be cut, the slippage of the warp and weft threads as well as the friction and damage to the glass filaments (fluff, breaks) depend on the size of the sizing composition.

Such sizes are known as starch-containing, so-called textile sizes, and as adhesive-containing, so-called plastic sizes.

The starchy sizing usually contain no adhesion promoter in contrast to the plastic sizes.

The aqueous sizes for textile glass fibers consist predominantly of one or several film formers, a lubricant, a wetting agent and one or more adhesion promoters (coupling agents, primers).

A film former provides the textile glass products with the required integrity, protects the glass substrates from rubbing against each other, and thus contributes to the affinity for the binder or plastic matrix for the strength of the final product (e.g., composite). Starch derivatives, polymers and copolymers of vinyl acetate [EP-A-0027942] of acrylic esters, epoxy resin emulsions, epoxy polyester resins, polyurethane resins [EP-A-0137427], polyolefin resins or mixed emulsions of polyvinyl acetate and polystyrene [Jap. Pat. SHO-48 (1973) -28997] in a proportion of 0.1 to 12% by mass (% by weight =% by weight) applied.

A lubricant in the aqueous sizing gives the fiberglass product (such as roving) the necessary suppleness and relieves the mutual friction of the glass fibers both during manufacture and during further processing, e.g. Weaving, down. Most lubricants affect the adhesion between glass and binder. As a lubricant, e.g. Fats, oils, waxes or polyalkyleneamines used in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0% by mass.

A wetting agent as a component of an aqueous sizing sets the

Surface tension from the water down, thereby improving the wetting of the filaments with the sizing. As wetting agents, the aqueous sizing, e.g. Polyfettsäureamide introduced in an amount of 0.1 to 1.5 Ma.%.

Most resins (polymers) have no affinity for the glass. Adhesives (primers) create a "bridge" between the glass and the resin, which allows a complete transfer of forces in the composite. Methacryloxypropyltimethoxysilane or γ-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, the amount in the sizing of 0.2 to 1.0 Ma .-%. Before the silanes are added to the aqueous sizing, they usually become too

Hydrolyzed silanols.

The hydrolyzate solution has only limited stability and tends to condense. The silanols react with the reactive glass surface and form a

Adhesive layer with a layer thickness of about 5 nm, which extends like a protective veil over the fiber surface. The protective veil as an oligomer is initially soluble, condenses later to cross-linked structures and is ultimately as a siloxane

≡ Si - O - Si ≡.

The adhesive-containing sizes may contain, in addition to a primer, other additives, e.g. Antistatics and / or emulsifiers, which should be achieved by the special effects include.

These further auxiliary components are known from the prior art and, for example, in K.L. Löwenstein - The Manufacturing Technology of Continuous

Glass Fibers, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Corp. Amsterdam - Oxford New York,

1983 described.

The physicochemical properties of the glass fiber products, e.g. Glass staple fibers are not only from the sizing, but also from the

Glass composition dependent. The chemical glass composition affects the mechanical properties and the adhesion properties of the glass fibers.

The glass fibers, regardless of their oxidic composition, subject

Corrosion processes that severely impair their physico-chemical properties and adhesion at the boundary between the glass fiber and the binder. When the glass fibers come into contact with water, a corrosion process begins, which can basically be described by the following chemical reactions:

≡Si - O - Na + H ₂ O → ≡Si - O - H + Na ⁺ + OH ≡Si - 0 \ Ca + 2H ₂ O → 2 ≡Si - O - H + Ca (OH) ₂

/ ≡Si - 0

The liquor thus liberated, such as NaOH and Ca (OH) ₂ attacks the silicic acid skeleton of the glass fibers, wherein the following chemical process of the network dissolution proceeds, which can be described by the following formula:

≡Si - O - Si≡ + OH ^' → = Si - O ^" + ≡Si - OH

The resulting reaction products lead to damage to the surface of the glass fibers and thus affect in particular the fiber strength and adhesion to the glass surface. Therefore, the textile glass products, e.g. Rovings, often made of the more water-resistant R- or ECR-glass (aluminum-lime silicate glass).

The corrosion resistance of glass fibers is particularly important in their use as a structurally active component in fiber concrete. The alkali and long-term stability (measured in the so-called SIC test) is of crucial importance.

For structurally effective fibers as concrete admixture, for example according to DIN 1045, which require a building inspectorate approval, at least in Germany, an SIC strength of 500 MPa is required. For this application mostly alkali-resistant glass fibers from the ECR glass (E-Glass: Corrosion Resistance) or from an R-glass (Resistance Glass) are used.

The glass fibers are also used for shrinkage crack reduction in cement screed. These screed fibers serve to prevent Frühschwindrissen in the "fresh" and boys "cement screed until its hardening. For the screed area in Germany no construction supervisory approval or other such approval is required. The glass fibers used may be the Frischbzw. Do not interfere with solid concrete properties. In addition, the fibers must have the required flowability when incorporated into a cement screed so that they can be evenly distributed. For this purpose, C and E glass fibers coated with an alkali-resistant size and the expensive R and ECR glass fibers are used.

The object of the present invention is to show R-, E- and ECR-glass fibers of high chemical resistance, which contains a suitable size, which significantly improves the treatment of the aforementioned glass fibers and their physicochemical properties. In addition, the chemically resistant sizing of the present invention is expected to impart very good processing properties to the web roving, such as integrity, cuttability, lubricity, and slip resistance. For use as cut, statically effective glass fibers in fiber concrete or as a shrinkage crack reducing component in cement screed, the size should have a very good alkali resistance. The flowability of the glass fibers for the screed area and concrete reinforcement must be ensured.

This object of the invention is achieved by R, E and ECR glass fibers according to the features of claim 1.

It is essential to the invention that the fiber according to the invention comprises a size for the production of roving fibers:

a) 2.0-4.0% by weight of polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer b) 0.3-0.7% by weight of polyamidoamide c) 0.1-0.3% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether mixture d) 0.1 0.3% by weight of polypropylene or polyethylene polytetrafluoroethylene wax e) 0.4-0.7% by weight of adhesion promoter and f) water (balance to 100 wt.%) Contains.

The R, E and ECR glass fibers with the size according to the invention has the success that the susceptibility to corrosion, in particular the alkaline attack is drastically reduced. The glass fiber corrosion processes and all associated disadvantages for the physico-chemical stability of the glass fibers, especially in the alkaline environment of a cement screed or concrete, are therefore avoided. It has surprisingly been found that the size according to the invention ensures excellent lubricity and at the same time sliding resistance of the warp and weft threads in the weaving process.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the aqueous size according to the invention requires only film formers, only a lubricant and only a coupling agent as its constituents. It has also surprisingly been found that the use of other known sizing components, e.g. Wetting agents, antistatic agents, emulsifiers, stabilizers and the like Ä., Is superfluous. This contributes to the simplification and rational operation in the preparation of the size according to the invention. In the context of industrial mass production, such simplification regularly results in significant cost advantages.

The subclaims further indicate features of the solution; without naming them conclusively.

The invention preferably further provides that the multicomponent film former consists of a polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion, of a polyamidoamide and / or of one of a polyvinyl alcohol-polyether. In addition, the size according to the invention contains a polypropylene, a polyethylene polytetrafluoroethylene or a polytetrafluoroethylene wax as a lubricant and a silane coupling agent, which acts as a silanol after hydrolysis.

In addition to the above-mentioned reduction of corrosion susceptibility of Glass fibers have the inventive aqueous size with these components excellent bundling ability, which facilitates in particular the production of roving fibers. Numerous studies and tests have confirmed that the dried and cut roving fibers produced according to the invention are characterized by excellent flowability. There was also no negative influence on the concrete and screed concrete properties. The roving samples exposed in hot water (at about 80 ° C) for 96 hours showed no significant changes in the glass fiber surface with respect to corrosion effects. The so-called SIC strength determined for the fibers for concrete and screed reinforcement was about 550 MPa. In addition to the serious improvement of the corrosion resistance, in particular the alkali resistance, the size of the invention ensures excellent kink or scuff protection and gives the roving a good suppleness.

It has proven to be particularly advantageous that the silane coupling agent is introduced into the sizing either as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or as γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. These coupling agents are well known as primers.

To adjust the pH, acetic acid is added to the aqueous sizing.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous for the size to be converted to a solids concentration of about 2.0 to 3.0% by weight of the multicomponent film former; contains about 0.1 to 0.2 wt.% Of the lubricant and about 0.4 to 0.6 wt.% Of the adhesive. With these component amounts and with this quantitative ratio, all the above-mentioned positive properties of the size according to the invention and fibers produced therewith are particularly pronounced. Above all, hardly any corrosion could be observed on the roving fibers made of R and ECR glass used for concrete reinforcement, so that their original physicochemical properties remained almost unchanged.

Also, the web roving made with the size according to the invention has Surprisingly, very good integrity as well as excellent smoothness and Verschneidbarkeit of the total thread.

The process for treating the fibers with the size according to the invention is carried out by applying them to the glass fiber surface, removing the excess

Simple and thermal treatment of the coated glass fibers. Then the glass fibers (strands) can be cut.

The application of the inventive aqueous sizing is carried out by means of a conventional spray nozzle or a galette (applicator). The excess size is removed and the sized fibers are dried in a thermal treatment.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous that the thermal treatment in

Temperature range of 110 ° C to 170 ° C is performed. This drying takes place in a high-frequency dryer, in an electrically heated, conventional chamber dryer or in a microwave dryer.

The possible cutting of the dried roving takes place by means of a direct

Chopers.

It has been shown that the sizing content based on the fibers is particularly preferably about 0.4 to 1.0% by weight. This sizing content is suitable to ensure a very good corrosion, kink and abrasion protection of the glass fibers. This also ensures that excellent bundling properties of the drawn glass fibers (filaments) and excellent flowability of the dried and cut roving fibers are guaranteed.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following examples; without limiting it. The origin or a respective manufacturer (references) of the components used is given in brackets. Example 1: Preparation of an Aqueous Sizing According to the Invention

Plain PFl (solid state concentration F _k = 2.7 Ma.%) 1. CH ₃ COOH (60%) ⁽¹⁾ - 0.2 Ma.%

2. Polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (55%) ⁽²⁾ - 3.0% by mass

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) ⁽³⁾ - 1.6% by mass

4. Polyvinyl alcohol polyether (20%) ⁽²⁾ - 1.0% by mass

5. Polypropylene wax (30%) ⁽⁵⁾ - 0.5 Ma.% 6. γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane ⁽⁶⁾ - 0.5 Ma.% And

7. Water - 93.2% by mass

100 kg of sizing contains approx .:

L CH ₃ COOH (60%) - 0.2 kg 2. Polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (55%) - 3.0 kg

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) - 1, 6 kg

4. Polyvinyl alcohol polyether (20%) - 1.0 kg

5. Polypropylene wax (30%) - 0.5 kg

6. γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane - 0.5 kg and 7. water - 93.2 kg

Mixing instructions:

1. 60 kg of water + 180 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%) are presented.

2. 0.5 kg of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (A 174) + 20 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%) are hydrolyzed with 3.5 kg of hot deionized water.

The duration of hydrolysis is about 20 minutes.

3. Addition of the hydrolyzate solution A 174.

4. 3.0 kg of polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (Mowilith DM105-55%) stirred with 10 kg of water is added to the solution. 5. 1, 0 kg of polyvinyl alcohol polyether (Arkofil CS20-20%) is added to the approach. 6. 1, 6 kg of polyamidoamide (albonamide) is added to the mixture. 7. 0.5 kg of polypropylene emulsion (30%) is added to the batch.

8. Addition of the remaining amount of water (19.7 kg) + approx. Ig defoamer [Surfynol 440 ⁽⁷⁾ ].

9. Stirring the sizing and pH determination.

Example 2:

Simple PF2 (solids concentration F _k = 2.81 Ma.%)

1. CH ₃ COOH (60%) - 0.25 Ma.%

2. Polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (55%) - 3.4% by mass

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) - 1.4% by mass

4. Polyvinyl alcohol polyether ⁽²⁾ (20%) - 0.8% by mass

5. polyolefin wax (35%) ⁽⁸⁾ - 0.3% by mass 6. gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane ⁽⁹⁾ - 0.5% by mass and

7. Water - 93.35 Ma.%

100 kg of sizing contains approx .:

1. CH ₃ COOH (60%) - 0.25 kg 2. Polyvinyl acetate dispersion (60%) - 3.4 kg

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) - 1.4 kg

4. Polyvinyl alcohol polyether (20%) - 0.8 kg

5. Polyolefin wax (35%) - 0.3 kg

6. γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane - 0.5 kg and 7. water - 93.15 kg

Approach requirements:

1. 55 kg of water + 240 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%) are presented.

2. 0.5 kg of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (A 1100) is hydrolyzed with 4.0 kg of deionized cold water + 10 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%).

The duration of hydrolysis is about 20 minutes. 3. Addition of hydrolyzate solution A 1100.

4. 3.4 kg of polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (Mowilith DMl 05-55%) stirred with 10 kg of water is added to the batch.

5. 0.8 kg polyvinyl alcohol polyether (Arkofil CS20-20%) is added to the batch. 6. 1, 4 kg of polyamidoamide (albonamide) is added to the approach.

7. 0.3 kg of polyolefin wax emulsion (Michem 42035 -35%) is added to the batch.

8. Add the remaining amount of water (24.35 kg) + approx. Ig defoamer [Surfynol 440 ⁽⁷⁾ ]. 10. Stir the sizing and pH determination.

Example 3: Preparation of an Aqueous Sizing According to the Invention

Plain PF3 (solid concentration F _k = 2.84 Ma.%) 1. CH ₃ COOH (60%) ⁽¹⁾ - 0.2 Ma.%

2. Polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (55%) ⁽²⁾ - 2.8% by mass

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) ⁽³⁾ - 2.0% by mass

4. Polyvinyl alcohol polyether ⁽²⁾ (20%) - 2.0% by mass

5. polytetrafluoroethylene wax (30%) ⁽⁹⁾ - 0.5 Ma .-% 6. γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane ^ - 0.5 Ma .-% and

7. Water - 92.0% by mass

100 kg of sizing contains approx .:

1. CH ₃ COOH (60%) - 0.25 kg 2. Polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (55%) - 2.8 kg

3. Polyamidoamide (12.5%) - 2.0 kg

4. Polyvinyl alcohol-polyether mixture (20%) - 2.0 kg

5. Polytetrafluoroethylene wax (30%) - 0.5 kg

6. γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane - 0.5 kg and 7. water - 92.0 kg Mixing instructions:

1. 55 kg of water + 180 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%) are presented.

2. 0.5 kg of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (A 174) + 20 g of CH ₃ COOH (60%) is hydrolyzed with 3.5 kg of hot deionized water. The duration of hydrolysis is about 20 minutes.

3. Addition of the hydrolyzate solution A 174.

4. 2.8 kg of polyvinyl acetate-ethylene dispersion (Mowilith DMl 05-55%) stirred with 10 kg of water is added to the batch.

5. 2.0 kg polyvinyl alcohol polyether (Arkofil CS20-20%) is added to the batch.

6. 2.0 kg of polyamidoamide (albonamide) is added to the batch.

7 0.5 kg PTFE wax emulsion (Lanco Glidd 9530-30%) is added to the batch.

8. Add the remaining amount of water (23.50 kg) + approx. Ig defoamer [Surfynol 440 ^{7) ].

9. Stirring the sizing and pH determination.

References:

(1) Brenntag chemical partner (5) Lubrizol Coating Additives

(2) Clariant (6, 9) Crompton Specialty

(3) Albon-Chemie (7) Wilhelm E.H. Biesterfeld

(4) Interorgana (8) Michelman

(9) Georg M. Langer & Co.

Claims

1. R-E and / or ECR glass fibers, which contains a size with at least one multicomponent film former, a lubricant and an adhesion promoter, characterized in that the size for the production of roving fibers consists of:

a) 2.0-4.0% by weight of polyvinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer b) 0.3-0.7% by weight of polyamidoamide c) 0.1-0.3% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol-polyether mixture d) 0.1 0.3% by weight of polypropylene or polyethylene polytetrafluoroethylene wax e) 0.4-0.7% by weight of adhesion promoter and f) water as the remainder to 100% by weight.

2. Fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the multi-component film former consists of a polyvinyl acetate dispersion, a polyamidoamide and / or a polyvinyl alcohol polyether.

3. Fiber according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the multi-component film former

70-85% by weight of polyvinyl acetate, 7-20% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol polyether and

7 - 12 wt.% Polyamidoamide contains.

4. Fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricant is a polyolefin wax.

5. A fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that the polyolefin wax is a polypropylene, a polyethylene Polytrafluorethylenwachs or a

Polytrafluorethylenwachs contains.

6. Fiber according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the adhesive is a silane coupling agent.

7. A fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that the silane coupling agent is either a γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or a γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, which are hydrolyzed to silanols is.

8. Fiber according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that they are based on solids concentration 2.0 to 3.0 wt.% Of the multi-component film former, 0.1 to 0.15 wt.% Of the lubricant and 0.4 contains up to 0.6% by weight of the adhesive.

9. A fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the sizing content based on the glass fiber is 0.5 to 1.5 wt.%.

10. Use of a fiber according to one of claims 1 to 9 for textile glass products, in particular rovings, containing or containing at least one fiber according to claims 1 to 9.

11. Use of a fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for cement screed or concrete admixture with statically active fibers containing or containing at least one fiber according to claims 1 to 9.