EP2039827B3 - Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2039827B3
EP2039827B3 EP07425575.3A EP07425575A EP2039827B3 EP 2039827 B3 EP2039827 B3 EP 2039827B3 EP 07425575 A EP07425575 A EP 07425575A EP 2039827 B3 EP2039827 B3 EP 2039827B3
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disks
tip
teeth
rotor
respect
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07425575.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2039827A1 (de
EP2039827B1 (de
Inventor
Antonio Graziani
Enio Giovanni Cianci
Domenico Polidori
Paolo Pasqualoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fameccanica Data SpA
Original Assignee
Fameccanica Data SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Fameccanica Data SpA filed Critical Fameccanica Data SpA
Priority to ES07425575.3T priority Critical patent/ES2340087T7/es
Priority to DE602007005136T priority patent/DE602007005136D1/de
Priority to DK07425575.3T priority patent/DK2039827T3/da
Priority to AT07425575T priority patent/ATE459747T1/de
Priority to EP07425575.3A priority patent/EP2039827B3/de
Publication of EP2039827A1 publication Critical patent/EP2039827A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2039827B1 publication Critical patent/EP2039827B1/de
Publication of EP2039827B3 publication Critical patent/EP2039827B3/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
    • D21B1/066—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods the raw material being pulp sheets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for the defibration of sheets of cellulose.
  • Apparatuses of this type are used in general for converting sheets of fibrous material into a dispersion of fibres used as basic material for the production of absorbent masses, such as, for example, the so-called "fluff" used in disposable absorbent sanitary products.
  • the present invention regards a defibration apparatus or defibrator of the disk type, including a supporting case having a seat, within which there is rotatably mounted a rotor comprising a pack of toothed disks.
  • the cellulose sheets to be defibrated are fed to the defibration apparatus through one or more slits with an axial extension larger than the width of the sheet.
  • Theteeth of the rotor impact periodically against the leading edge of the sheet of material to be defibrated and transform the sheet into a dispersed mass of fibres.
  • the defibration process also produces waste materials, constituted basically by dust and nodules. Normally, a defibration process is considered acceptable if it enables a yield equal to or higher than 70% of fibres, with a production of dust not higher than 22%, and not more than 15% of nodules.
  • a defibrator should ideally be in a condition to ensure an acceptable yield with any starting material and with flowrates ranging from 150 to 1.600 kg/h of defibrated material.
  • the disks are made of hardened steel and are mounted inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor, in such a way that, during rotation, the periphery of each disk describes a cylindrical surface with a width greater than the width of the disk.
  • the teeth of the disks have a substantially triangular shape with a front face directed radially.
  • the plane of feed of the sheet of material to be defibrated forms an angle comprised between 10° and 60° and preferably in the region of 30° with respect to a radial plane of the rotor passing through the output edge of the slit for feed of the sheet.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a defibrator that will enable the advantages of both of the known solutions described previously to be achieved, and that in particular will present a high number of arrangements with acceptable yields according to the type of material to be defibrated and the hourly flowrate of defibrated material, and that will afford a yield higher than the one provided by each of the known solutions discussed previously, in the same operating conditions.
  • said purpose is achieved by an apparatus having the characteristics forming the subject of Claim 1.
  • the reference number 10 designates an apparatus for defibration of cellulose sheets.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a stationary supporting case 12 provided with a cavity 14, inside which a rotor with disks 16 is rotatably mounted.
  • the case 12 comprises a feed section 18 provided with at least one slit 20 for feeding cellulose sheets to be defibrated.
  • the case 12 is provided with two slits 20 associated to respective roller feed assemblies 22 that operate alternately.
  • Each of the two slits 20 is oriented according to a radial plane with respect to the axis of rotation 24 of the rotor 16 and extends in a longitudinal direction throughout the length of the rotor 16.
  • the sheets of material to be defibrated are thus fed towards the inside of the case 12 according to substantially radial directions.
  • the rotor with disks 16 of the apparatus 10 comprises a shaft 26 rotatably supported at its ends and the longitudinal axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation 24.
  • a pack of disks 28 is fixed on the shaft 26.
  • the disks 28 extend in a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation 24 of the rotor 16.
  • each disk 28 comprises a plurality of teeth 30 set at a distance from one another in a circumferential direction.
  • a resting portion 32 is provided, set between each pair of adjacent teeth 30.
  • Each resting portion 32 has a top surface, which is displaced radially towards the inside with respect to the tips of the teeth 30, which are aligned on a circumference 34 that defines the cutting profile of each disk 28.
  • Each disk 28 is provided with a central hole 36 for mounting on the shaft 26.
  • each disk 28 is also provided with a plurality of holes 38 with their centres set on a circumference 40, which are designed to provide mutual fixing of the various disks 28.
  • the angular pitch between the centres of the holes 38 along the circumference 40 is preferably equal to half of the angular pitch between each pair of adjacent teeth 30 and equal to the angular pitch between each tooth 30 and the resting portion 32 adjacent thereto.
  • each tooth 30 is provided with an insert 42, which forms the cutting part of the tooth.
  • the disks 28 are made of hardened steel, for example C72, and the inserts 42 are made of material with higher resistance to wear, preferably sintered material, for example, HM K10 sintered tungsten carbide.
  • each insert 42 has a width W slightly larger than the width W' of the disk 28.
  • the width W of the insert 42 is approximately 4 mm, whilst the width W' of the steel disk 28 is preferably in the region of 3.5 mm.
  • the width W' of the insert 42 could range between 3 and 8 mm.
  • Each disk 28 has a uniform width W' slightly smaller than the width of the inserts.
  • each insert 42 has a plane impact surface 44, a rake surface 46, an internal surface 48, and a rear surface 50.
  • the internal surface 48 and the rear surface 50 are fixed to corresponding surfaces of the tooth 30 using any technique known in the field of tools with inserts for example, by means of brazing.
  • Each insert 42 has a tip 52 in the joining area between the impact surface 44 and the rake surface 46.
  • the tip 52 extends throughout the width of the impact surface 44.
  • the impact surface 44 is preferably contained in a plane 54 containing the axis of rotation of the rotor 16 and passing through the tip 52 of the insert 42.
  • the radial arrangement of the impact surface 44 is to be considered preferred, but a variation of a few degrees with respect to the perfectly radial arrangement is also possible.
  • the angle comprised between the impact surface 44 and the plane 54 may be of +1°, -5°, where the angles measured in a clockwise direction with reference to the plane 54 in the representation of Figure 4 are considered positive and the angles measured in a counterclockwise direction are considered negative.
  • the angle between the impact surface 44 and the rake surface 46 is not critical and can assume any value less than 90°.
  • the rake surface 46 of each insert 42 is preferably aligned to a dorsal surface 56 of the tooth 30.
  • a critical element of the solution described here is the shape of the tip 52 of each insert 42, defined by a joining surface between the impact surface 44 and the rake surface 46.
  • Experimental tests conducted by the present applicant have shown that the best results in terms of yield and stability of the defibration process are obtained with inserts 42 with a tip 52 that approximates a radius of 0.2 mm. Even though the radius of 0.2 mm represents an optimal reference value, it is possible to maintain excellent results if the surface 58 of the tip 52 ( Figure 5 ) is comprised between an internal cylindrical surface 60 with radius of 0.1 mm and an external cylindrical surface 62 with radius of 0.3 mm.
  • the surface 58 of the tip 52 is formed by two plane portions that approximate an arched surface with a radius of 0.2 mm.
  • Each of the two plane portions 64, 66 has a length comprised between 0.16 and 0.2 mm.
  • the inclinations a any ⁇ of the two portions 64, 66 can be respectively 45° and 25°.
  • the disks 28 are fixed to one another to form a pack, with the adjacent disks angularly staggered with respect to one another.
  • the teeth 30 of each disk 28 are staggered with respect to the teeth 30 of each adjacent disk.
  • Each insert 42 is set in a position corresponding to a respective resting portion 32.
  • the inner surfaces 48 of the inserts 42 that project laterally with respect to the disk 28 rest on the top surface of the resting portions 32.
  • the disks 28 are fixed by means of tie rods 68 ( Figure 2 ) inserted in the aligned holes 38 of the pack of disks 28.
  • FIG 7 is a schematic view showing the operation of the apparatus previously described.
  • a sheet S of cellulose is fed through a slit 20 in a radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the leading edge of the sheet S is periodically struck by the impact surfaces 44 of the inserts 42 and is transformed into fibres.
  • an anvil 68 applied in a position corresponding to the terminal portion of the slit 20 is an anvil 68, which supports the end stretch of the sheet S.
  • the distance G between the anvil 68 and the circumference 34 defined by the tips 52 of the inserts 42 constitutes the gap of the apparatus.
  • the gap G can be in the region of 0.4-1.2 mm, and is preferably comprised between 0.6 and 1.0 mm.
  • a particularly important characteristic of the present solution is that the yield of the machine is particularly stable as the gap G varies. This characteristic is particularly appreciated because it enables adoption of a very large gap G as compared to the solutions of a known type. A large gap enables a reduction in the energy consumption and a reduction in heating of the fibres. Consequently, it is possible to eliminate or reduce considerably any burning of the fibres and thus reduce the risk of fire. As compared to the solutions according to the known art described in the introductory part of the description, the present solution enables an energy saving in the region of 20-25%.
  • the feed of the sheets S within the slits 20 is radial with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor in order not to modify the angle of the sheet with respect to the impact surfaces 44, which represents one of the critical factors of the present solution.
  • the height of the slits 20 for feeding the sheet S is less than twice the thickness of the sheets S. Since the thickness of the sheets S is in the region of 1.3-1.5 mm, it is preferable for the height of the slits 20 to be in the region of 2.5 mm. In addition, the thickness T of the anvil 68 should be in the region of 1.5 mm.
  • the present solution enables moreover a stability of the yield as the impact rate varies.
  • the yield of the defibration process is also particularly stable over time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen, mit:
    - einem Aufnahmegehäuse (12), das einen Hohlraum (14) und mindestens einen radialen Schlitz (20) zur Zufuhr eines zu zerfasernden Bogens (S) hat; und
    - einem Rotor (16) mit einer Längsachse (24), der innerhalb des Hohlraums (14) drehbar um eine mit der Längsachse (24) zusammenfallende Rotationsachse installiert ist und eine Mehrzahl gezahnter Scheiben (28) aufweist, die zur Bildung eines Stapels aneinander befestigt sind, wobei sich die gezahnten Scheiben (28) in der Richtung senkrecht zur Längsachse (24) des Rotors (16) erstrecken und jede Scheibe mit Zähnen (30) versehen ist, die in Umfangsrichtung im Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, und wobei die Scheiben (28) in diesem Stapel so angeordnet sind, dass die Zähne (30) benachbarter Scheiben (28) relativ zueinander winkelversetzt sind,
    wobei die Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
    jeder der Zähne (30) mit einer Einlage (42) aus einem Material mit hoher Verschleißfestigkeit versehen ist, die eine in einem Winkel zwischen +1° und -5° relativ zu einer Ebene (54) geneigte Aufpralloberfläche (44), die die Längsachse (24) beinhaltet und durch eine Spitze (52) am Ende der Aufpralloberfläche (44) verläuft hat, dadurch, dass
    die Spitze (52) eine Oberfläche (58) hat, die zwischen einer inneren gekrümmten Oberfläche (60) mit einem Radius von 0,1 mm und einer äußeren gekrümmten Oberfläche (62) mit einem Radius von 0,3 mm enthalten ist, und dadurch, dass
    die Einlage (42) eine Breite (W) hat, die größer ist als die Breite (W') der Scheibe (28).
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel zwischen der Aufpralloberfläche (44) und der Ebene (54), die die Rotationsachse (24) beinhaltet und durch Spitze (52) verläuft, im Wesentlichen gleich 0° beträgt.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spitze (52) eine Oberfläche (58) mit einem Radius von näherungsweise 0,2 mm hat.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche (58) der Spitze (52) zwei relativ zueinander geneigte geradlinige Abschnitte (64, 66) aufweist, die jeweils eine Länge zwischen 0,16 und 0,2 mm haben.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einlage (42) eine Breite (W) zwischen 3 und 8 mm hat.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite (W) der Einlage (42) im Wesentlichen gleich 4 mm beträgt.
EP07425575.3A 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen Active EP2039827B3 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES07425575.3T ES2340087T7 (es) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Aparato de desfibración de hojas de celulosa
DE602007005136T DE602007005136D1 (de) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen
DK07425575.3T DK2039827T3 (da) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Apparat til defibrering af celluloseark
AT07425575T ATE459747T1 (de) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur zerfaserung von zellstoffbögen
EP07425575.3A EP2039827B3 (de) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425575.3A EP2039827B3 (de) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2039827A1 EP2039827A1 (de) 2009-03-25
EP2039827B1 EP2039827B1 (de) 2010-03-03
EP2039827B3 true EP2039827B3 (de) 2014-03-12

Family

ID=38896096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07425575.3A Active EP2039827B3 (de) 2007-09-19 2007-09-19 Vorrichtung zur Zerfaserung von Zellstoffbögen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2039827B3 (de)
AT (1) ATE459747T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602007005136D1 (de)
DK (1) DK2039827T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2340087T7 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011114254A1 (en) 2010-03-18 2011-09-22 Fameccanica.Data S.P.A. Process for splicing portions of a web material and corresponding device
JP6558019B2 (ja) * 2015-03-27 2019-08-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 シート製造装置、解繊機

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3825194A (en) 1971-09-22 1974-07-23 Procter & Gamble Apparatus for preparing airfelt
IT1214853B (it) 1984-06-20 1990-01-18 Fameccanica Spa Apparecchiatura per defibrare a secco fogli di materiale cellulosico fibroso e materiali affini partico larmente per la preparazione di masse assorbenti per pannolini monouso ed affini
US7399377B2 (en) * 2003-01-02 2008-07-15 Weyerhaeuser Co. Process for singulating cellulose fibers from a wet pulp sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE459747T1 (de) 2010-03-15
DE602007005136D1 (de) 2010-04-15
EP2039827A1 (de) 2009-03-25
DK2039827T3 (da) 2010-05-10
ES2340087T3 (es) 2010-05-28
ES2340087T7 (es) 2014-05-12
EP2039827B1 (de) 2010-03-03

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