Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
  • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a mineral fiber product and a mineral fiber product according to the preambles of the claims below.
• a part of the mineral melt then gets sufficient hold of the mantle surface of the second rotor in order to be formed into fibers due to the effect of the centrifugal force. Another part of the mineral melt is thrown further towards the mantle surface of the third rotor. In this way the mineral melt is "transported" as a jet of melt drops or a drop cascade, successively from one rotor to the subsequent one through the whole fiberising apparatus, while a part of the mineral melt is formed into mineral fibers.
• a binder may be applied on the formed mineral fibers, either during the fiber formation or after it.
• the mineral fibers formed at the fiberising rotors are transported away from the fiberising apparatus by means of blowing off.
• the blowing off of mineral fibers can take place with so-called primary blow-off means, which have been placed at the peripheries of the rotors, and/or with secondary blow-off means, which have been arranged at a distance from the fiberising apparatus.
• the mineral fibers are transported from the fiberising apparatus through a collecting chamber towards a collecting member, which is arranged in front of the fiberising apparatus.
• the collecting member can be, for example, a belt conveyor or a rotating drum.
• the mineral fibers are usually collected as a thin fiber web, a so-called primary fiber web or a primary mat.
• the primary fiber web is normally collected with the aid of underpressure on a travelling perforated surface forming the collecting surface of the collecting member.
• the primary web can be after-treated in many different ways, for example through cross-lapping or overlapping, whereby a secondary fiber web is created.
• This secondary mat or web comprises a number of layers, which lay partly on top of each other, and the edges of the original primary web make up a part of the large surfaces of the secondary web.
• the secondary web can be treated in numerous ways before it is finally hardened in a continuous hardening furnace.
• the document SE 452 040 shows a method for the manufacture of mineral fibers.
• the formed mineral fibers are collected by two collecting members, which are arranged on top of each other.
• the collected webs are run together and overlapped so that the edge parts of the primary webs make up the edge parts of the secondary web.
• EP 0 280 338 B1 presents a method for the manufacture of mineral fibers where loose additional material is applied onto the primary web, which is thereafter overlapped to form a secondary web.
• the object of the added loose material is to improve the water absorption ability of the final product.
• Mineral wool has numerous applications. It is used among others as an insulating material in various building constructions, as a component in construction panels, acoustic or interior design products, or for technical insulation of pipes, turns and other equipment. Depending on the intended use different requirements are made for the properties of the manufactured mineral wool, for its strength, compressibility etc.
• the properties of mineral wool are influenced among other by the properties of the individual mineral fibers, in other words by the thickness, length, as well as space orientation of individual fibers in the mineral wool.
• Mineral fiber products have been produced in which one of the properties of the product is changed or varied in the height direction or width direction of the product. Variations in the height direction of the product have been achieved by laminating different fiber webs on top of each other, whereby a product with different horizontal sheets has been obtained. The problem has however been that the horizontal layers in the product are easily delaminated from each other when pressing or bending.
• Another way to manufacture products with a varying property is to press a part of the primary web to a higher density before its crosslapping or overlapping. During the overlapping a secondary web is then obtained, which contains a horizontal sheet with a higher density. Through pressing of the primary web only variations in the density of the final product can however be obtained, not in any other properties.
• the object of this invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of mineral fibers and a mineral fiber product, where the above-mentioned disadvantages are minimised.
• the object is thereby to provide a method with which an integrated mineral fiber product can easily be produced.
• An object of the present invention is to provide an integrated mineral fiber product, where the properties of the product can be varied.
• a first and a second primary mineral fiber web is obtained, both of which have a certain width.
• the first and the second primary mineral fiber web are placed at least partly on top of each other, so that a combined primary web is obtained, which shows a first and second edge part and a middle part between them, and the combined primary web is transported in a first direction.
• a secondary mineral fiber web is obtained by overlapping the combined primary web transversely in relation to the first direction, whereby the combined primary web is arranged to partly overlap itself so that the perpendicular distance between two successive foldings of the web defines the width of the secondary fiber web, and the edge parts of the combined web make up at least a part of the large surfaces of the secondary web.
• the obtained secondary fiber web is hardened in a hardening furnace, and cut into final products of a suitable size.
• the first and second primary fiber web is selected or manufactured so that in the first primary fiber web at least one of the following properties: mean fiber diameter, mean fiber length, surface weight, fiber amount, chemical composition, binder concentration or binder composition, differs at least 5 % from the corresponding value in the second primary fiber web.
• a typical integrated mineral fiber product comprises a first and a second large surface, which are parallel with each other, and the perpendicular distance between which defines the height direction of the product, and a first and a second side surface which connect the large surfaces, and the perpendicular distance between which defines the width direction of the product, which is transverse in relation to the height direction of the product.
• the product comprises a number of layers, which extend from the first side surface to the second side surface, and of which at least a part extend from the first large surface towards the second large surface.
• an integrated mineral fiber product is in this context meant a product, which does not contain co-laminated sheets of different primary webs.
• the different layers in the product have not been preformed or pre-hardened and have also not been cut off a primary web before being arranged in the secondary web. Sharp gluing borders between the different layers cannot be discerned in the final product.
• a product with improved qualities can be obtained, when the product is built up of regular layers, the properties of which differ from each other.
• the product can be obtained by placing a number of thin primary mineral fiber webs on top of each other, whereby a combined primary mat is obtained. This combined primary web is then overlapped and a secondary mat with regular layers is obtained.
• the present invention provides possibilities to improve for example the heat transfer ability, and/or compressibility and/or processability of mineral fiber products.
• coherent conventional primary webs which are combined prior to overlapping, products can be obtained, where all the used primary webs contribute to the final strength of the product.
• loose additional material has been added onto the primary web to obtain a product with varying properties. Loose additional material can however not contribute to the final strength of the product to the same extent as defined “coherent” primary mineral fiber webs.
• coherent primary webs also the fiber orientation in the final product can be controlled better.
• a “coherent” primary web is here meant a mineral fiber web, which is obtained from the collecting surface of the collecting member and which generally comprises unhardened binder, possibly also other additives.
• the present invention also makes possible the use of thin primary fiber webs for the manufacture of mineral fiber products.
• Thin primary webs usually display a good fiber orientation, i.e. the fibers are surface-oriented in the longitudinal direction of the primary web, which improves the thermal insulation properties of the final product.
• the problem with using thin primary webs has been that they easily break when overlapping or otherwise treating.
• the thin primary webs are placed on top of each other, whereby a thicker combined primary web is obtained.
• This combined web is however not necessarily thicker than a conventional primary web, and it can easily be treated with existing equipment.
• the first and second primary fiber webs usually have a surface weight of 100 - 600 g/m 2 , typically 150 - 400 g/m 2 , sometimes 175 - 250 g/m 2 .
• the surface weight of the combined primary web is usually 200 - 1200 g/m 2 , typically 300 - 800 g/m 2 .
• the first and the second primary web thus have a density of about- 5 - 25 kg/m 3 , normally 10 - 20 kg/m 3 before they have been arranged on top of each other to form a combined primary web.
• the density between the two webs differs with at the most 15 kg/m 3 , more typically 10 kg/m 3 from each other.
• the used primary webs comprise a binder, which has been added already at the formation of the fibers before their collection.
• the final product comprises at least 0.2 % by weight, more typically at least 0.5 % by weight, at the most 7 % by weight, more typically at the most 5 % by weight of binder and/or other additives.
• a typical binder is for example a phenol formaldehyde resin.
• the used binder and/or the possible additive can be organic or inorganic.
• the first and the second primary fiber webs are not the same with regard to their properties, i.e. they display at least one property, the value of which is not the same in the first and second primary web.
• the first and the second primary web thus have at least one property, with regard to which the two webs are not identical.
• the first and the second primary mineral fiber web can however be homogeneous webs, i.e. within the individual primary web all of the properties of the web are kept as constant as is possible in practise.
• the final product which is obtained through overlapping of two primary fiber webs arranged on top of each other, is such that has a low or inexistent ability to absorb water. It can in practice be considered to be non-water-absorbent. Water absorption is an undesired property for an insulating material for buildings or constructions, since water absorption ability in the insulating material could easily lead to a mildew problem with such a use.
• a typical primary fiber web has a width, which is usually determined by the width of the collecting surface of the used collecting member.
• the width of the primary web is usually 1.5 - 4.8, typically 1.8 - 3.6 m.
• the longitudinal direction of the primary fiber web i.e. the basic direction usually coincides with the processing direction and is transverse to the lateral or cross direction of the primary web.
• the fibers of the primary web are mainly aligned in the longitudinal direction of the web.
• the mineral fibers are essentially evenly aligned in all directions in the plane of the primary web.
• At least two primary fiber webs are thus arranged at least partly on top of each other in order to form a combined primary fiber web, which is transported in the first direction.
• the first direction can coincide with the basic direction, or differ from it.
• the combined primary web has a first and second edge part and a middle part between them.
• the edge parts of the combined web can comprise a sheet of both the first and the second primary fiber web or only one of the primary fiber webs.
• the middle part of the combined primary web usually comprises a sheet of both the first and the second primary fiber web.
• the edge parts of the combined web can comprise a sheet both of the first and the second primary web, whereby the middle part comprises only a sheet of either the first or the second primary web.
• a typical secondary fiber web is obtained by overlapping the combined primary fiber web. When overlapping, the transport direction of the web is changed from the first direction to a second direction, which is transverse in relation to the first direction, and the web is arranged to partly overlap itself.
• the width of the secondary fiber web is defined as the perpendicular distance between two successive foldings in the combined primary web, which forms the secondary web.
• overlapping a number of layers are formed, which are built up by the overlapped primary web and which form the secondary web.
• Layers in the secondary web and finally in the resulting product thus comprise the scope of the combined web, which during a pendulum motion, where the pendulum performs the movement from the first extreme position to the second extreme position, is placed on a receiving transporter.
• the overlapped individual layer will extend over the secondary web between two successive foldings.
• the layers do not need to be perpendicular in relation to the second direction, but can be in an angle in relation to the second direction, i.e. the transport direction of the secondary web.
• the secondary web has two large surfaces, which are parallel with each other and which will form the large surfaces of the final product.
• the distance of the large surfaces from each other after overlapping defines the height of the secondary web and they are at least partly made up of the edge parts of the combined primary web.
• two primary fiber webs are placed on top of each other, whereafter the obtained combined web is overlapped in order to form a secondary fiber web.
• the different layers will form a repetitive section or sequence -(-B-A-A-B)n-, where A indicates a layer originating from the first primary mat and B a layer originating from the second primary mat.
• any of the selected properties can be varied in the width direction of the first or the second primary web, so that after overlapping of the combined web a corresponding variation is obtained in the height direction of the secondary fiber web.
• one of the primary webs comprises at least two sections, which extend over the longitudinal direction of the web.
• the used primary fiber webs can thus be inhomogeneous, so that they comprise in the longitudinal direction of the primary web two or more sections, which differ from each other with relation to one or more properties.
• the edge parts of the primary web can for example comprise mineral fibers, the mean fiber length of which is lower than the mean fiber length in the middle part of the primary web. In this case the primary fiber web comprises three sections in the longitudinal direction of the web.
• All these sections can be of the same width or they can be symmetrically or asymmetrically of different width.
• the sections near edge parts can be of the same width, but at the same time substantially narrower than the middle section.
• the mean fiber diameter and/or mean fiber length in the first primary fiber web differs at least 10 %, but at the most 50 % from the mean fiber diameter in the second primary fiber web. It is then possible to manufacture products where every other layer imparts good insulating properties and every other layer imparts mechanical strength. In this way it is possible to combine for example these properties, which are favoured by different kinds of fibers, in one single product in a new and surprising way.
• the mean fiber diameter in the first primary fiber web is 3.0 - 4.5 ⁇ m, typically 3.3 - 4.0 ⁇ m.
• the mean fiber length in the first primary fiber web is 1.0 - 4.0 mm, typically 1.2 - 3.0 mm.
• the mean fiber diameter can be obtained by measuring in a microscope with e.g. a 500-fold enlargement. The measurings are performed on the sieved fiber fraction, where the fiber size is ⁇ 32 ⁇ m. The fiber material to be measured is suitably placed between two thin test glasses. The length-based arithmetic mean fiber diameter is used as a reference value for the fiber diameter. A method for obtaining this is to measure the diameter of such fibers that cross one or more drawn lines on a computer screen, which is connected to the microscope, and count the mean diameter of these fibers. Altogether at least 200 fibers are usually measured with an accuracy of 0.1 ⁇ m.
• the mean fiber length can be obtained in the following way.
• the sample is taken from fiber material wherefrom the binder has been removed.
• the sample is carefully taken from the fiber material with a pair of tweezers, in order to avoid breaking the individual fibers, and placed in a glass container with approx. 300 ml of glycerine.
• the fibers are separated from each other by careful stirring with a glass rod without touching them.
• the glycerine/fiber mixture is poured into a small number of, e.g. 5 to 10, Petri dishes with a diameter of approx. 50 mm.
• the fibers are allowed to sediment to the bottom before the measuring is begun.
• One Petri dish at a time is projected with a 25 - 50 -fold enlargement onto a white surface or else the image is enlarged and transferred to a computer screen. All the fibers in a Petri dish are measured with an accuracy of 0.1 mm, and the procedure continues with the next dish until at least 300 fibers have been measured.
• the mean fiber length is the arithmetic mean value of all the measured fibers.
• the fiber amount in the first primary fiber web differs at least 2 - 20 % by weight, typically 3 - 10 % by weight from the fiber amount in the second primary fiber web.
• the fiber amount is here defined as the amount of fibers which are smaller than 32 ⁇ m.
• the fiber amount in the product can be determined by sieving the fiber material through a number of sieves, which have been stacked on top of each other, out of which the smallest one has an aperture size of 32 ⁇ m. The material is sieved until all the fibers or sufficiently small particles have passed through the smallest sieve.
• the mass of fibers which has passed through the 32 ⁇ m sieve, in relation to the combined amount of fiber ⁇ 32 ⁇ m and shot > 32 ⁇ m, depicts the fiber amount of the product.
• Binder is removed from the fiber material before sieving, usually through treatment in approx. 650 0 C for 20 minutes.
• the first and the second primary fiber web are manufactured by using one single fiberising apparatus and two collecting members.
• the collecting members have typically been arranged on top of each other in the height direction in front of the fiberising apparatus, and their width can differ from each other, but they can also be of the same width. Then the first primary fiber web can be collected on the upper collecting member and the second primary fiber web on the lower collecting member. It is also possible to arrange three or more collecting members on top of each other, if the fiber manufacturing capacity allows for or requires it, whereby a corresponding number of primary fiber webs can be obtained.
• the collecting members can naturally be arranged beside each other.
• the first and the second primary fiber webs are manufactured by using one single fiberising apparatus and two collecting members, and the first and the second primary fiber web contain mineral fibers with the same chemical composition, but the webs have different physical properties, such as fiber length, fiber amount, fiber structure, surface weight and/or mean fiber diameter. Then a mineral fiber product is obtained, where the different layers have the same chemical composition, but different physical properties, such as strength and/or thermal insulation capacity.
• the density at one or both of the large surfaces of the secondary web is at least 10 %, typically 15 % higher than in the middle of the product. If one of the large surfaces of the product has a higher density that the rest of the product, the high density area usually extends to a depth, which comprises 10 - 50 %, typically 10 - 30 % of the height of the product. If both of the large surfaces of the product have a higher density that the rest of the product, the individual high density areas usually extend to a depth, which comprises 10 - 30 %, typically 10 - 20 % of the height of the product. In this way products can be manufactured, which show a strong and resistant surface, but which are relatively light.
• the large surfaces of the collected primary web differ from each other with regard to evenness and "porosity".
• the one of the large surfaces of the primary web which lies against the surface of the collecting member and which here is called the collector side is typically more even that the other opposite surface, which is here called the "free" side.
• the fibers tend to be more oriented on the collecting side and it often also has less binder.
• the first and second primary fiber web can be placed on top of each other so that the collector side of the first web comes against the "free" side of the second mat. In some cases the primary fiber webs can be placed on top of each other so that the collector sides or the "free sides" of the webs will lay against each other.
• the secondary fiber web can be treated in various ways before hardening. It can for example be exposed to longitudinal or height compression. A surface coating can also be added to one or both of the large surfaces.
• the obtained secondary fiber web is hardened in a hardening furnace. At hardening the binder, which is present already in the original first and/or second primary web, is hardened. After the hardening the hardened secondary web is cut or broken in the cross direction and longitudinal direction of the web. Usually the web is cut in its longitudinal direction in 1 - 10, typically 2 - 5 cutting places.
• Figure 1A - 1 D show schematically different ways to place the first and the second primary fiber web on top of each other in order to obtain the combined primary web
• Figure 2 shows schematically how the overlapping is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 3 shows schematically a secondary fiber web according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 4 shows schematically a cross section of a mineral fiber product according to an embodiment of the present invention seen towards the width direction of the web
• Figure 5 shows schematically a cross section of a mineral fiber product according to another embodiment of the present invention seen towards the width direction of the web.
• FIGS 1 A - 1 D are shown schematically different ways to place the first and the second primary fiber web on top of each other in order to obtain the combined primary web.
• the first primary fiber web A has the same width as the second primary fiber web.
• the primary webs A, B have been placed on top of each other so that they wholly overlap each other without sideways displacement. Thereby a combined primary web has been obtained.
• the edge parts of the combined web comprise the edge parts A, A" of the web A and the edge parts B', B" of the web B.
• the edge parts of the combined web have been identified with dashed lines in the figure.
• the longitudinal direction of the combined web has been identified with an arrow and this longitudinal direction usually coincides with the main fiber direction of the webs A, B.
• the width of this combined primary web has been identified with the letter "w" in the figure and its height with the letter "d".
• the first and the second primary fiber webs A, B are still of the same width, but they have been placed on top of each other so that their edge parts are displaced in relation to each other.
• the combined primary fiber web thus has edge parts, which are substantially thinner than in the case shown in figure 1A.
• the edge parts of the combined web have been identified with dashed lines in the figure.
• the thin edges cause the secondary web, which is formed from the combined primary web through overlapping, to be more homogeneous, because this configuration allows the density distribution to be evened out in the longitudinal direction of the secondary web, since the edge parts of the original primary webs can be arranged as evenly spread out as possible on the large surfaces of the secondary web.
• the first edge part C of the combined web comprises mainly fiber material, which originates from the first primary web A, i.e. the first edge part C is made up mostly of the first primary web A.
• the second edge part C" of the combined web is made up mostly of the second primary web B.
• the first and second edge parts C, C" of the combined web are thus different from each other.
• the first large surface of the secondary fiber web can come to be made up of the first edge part of the combined primary web and the second large surface of the second edge part of the combined primary web, depending on the relationship between the overlapping frequency and the speed of the receiving transporter.
• the first large surface of the secondary fiber web comprises mostly fiber material, which originates from the first primary web A, and its second large surface mostly fiber material, which originates from the second primary web B.
• the primary webs A, B have different properties, e.g. different mean fiber length, the large surfaces of the secondary web will differ from each other, whereby an integrated mineral fiber product with varying properties in its height direction is obtained.
• the first primary fiber web A is narrower than the second primary fiber web B.
• the first web A has been placed on the second web B in such a way that the second web B extends symmetrically over the edges A', A" of the first web.
• the edge parts C, C" of the combined web are then made up mainly of the second primary fiber web.
• the large surfaces of the secondary fiber web can comprise mostly or wholly fiber material, which originates from the second web B.
• the large surfaces of the secondary web will then have properties, which differ from properties in the middle part of the secondary web.
• the first primary fiber web A is narrower than the second primary fiber web B.
• the first web A has been placed on the second web B in such a way that the first edges A', B' of the first and second webs A, B make up one of the edge parts of the combined primary web.
• the second edge part of the combined web is made up only of edge B" of the web B.
• FIG 2 is shown schematically how the overlapping is performed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• a combined primary web 1 has been obtained by placing two thin primary webs A, B on top of each other.
• the narrower primary web A has been placed symmetrically on the second primary web B, so that the edge parts of the combined primary web are made up of the second primary fiber web B.
• the combined primary web 1 is transported by means of the transporters 2, 2' to the overlapping apparatus 3, which is made up of two transporters 3', 3", the upper end of which is held in its place and the lower end of which performs a pendulous movement over a receiving transporter (not shown).
• the relationship in figure 2 between the overlapping frequency and the speed of the receiving transporter is such that the first large surface 4' of the secondary web 4 is not wholly made up of fiber material, which originates from the second primary web B.
• the first large surface 4' also comprises narrow zones 6', 6", which comprise fiber material from the first primary fiber web A.
• FIG 3 is shown schematically a secondary fiber mat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• the secondary fiber mat 31 has been obtained by overlapping a combined primary web.
• the secondary fiber mat 31 is built up of a number of layers 30, 30', 30" and its width is defined as the perpendicular distance between two successive foldings 32', 32", 32'", 32"", 33', 33", 33'".
• the edge 34 of the secondary mat 31 is made up of the first primary fiber web. Typically a part of the edge part of the secondary mat 31 is however cut off before the hardening, whereby the layer structure typical for the invention will extend over the width of the whole secondary mat 31.
• FIG 4 is shown schematically a cross section of a mineral fiber product according to an embodiment of the present invention seen in the width direction of the mat.
• a mineral fiber product comprises a number of layers 40, 40', 42, 42'. It can be observed that beside a layer 42 there is a layer 40, which originates from the same primary fiber mat as layer 42, and another layer 42', which originates from the second primary fiber mat.
• the layers 40, 42, 43, which originate from the first primary fiber web contain a section, which has a differing property compared to the rest of the layer.
• FIG 5 is shown schematically a cross section of a mineral fiber product according to another embodiment of the present invention seen towards the width direction of the product.
• the product 51 comprises a number of layers A, B, which originate from different primary fiber webs.
• the first and the second primary fiber web A, B have been placed on top of each other so that their edge parts are displaced in relation to each other.
• the first large surface 52 of the secondary web and thereby of the final product 51 will comprise mainly fiber material, which originates from the first primary web A, and the second large surface 52' of the combined web is made up mostly of fiber material originating from the second primary web B.
• the first and second large surfaces 52, 52' of the final product 51 are then different from each other.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-06-28 FI FI20060625A patent/FI20060625A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2007
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