EP2038050B1 - Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct - Google Patents

Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2038050B1
EP2038050B1 EP07730073A EP07730073A EP2038050B1 EP 2038050 B1 EP2038050 B1 EP 2038050B1 EP 07730073 A EP07730073 A EP 07730073A EP 07730073 A EP07730073 A EP 07730073A EP 2038050 B1 EP2038050 B1 EP 2038050B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixer
accordance
vane
passage
flow
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP07730073A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2038050A2 (en
Inventor
Felix Moser
Sabine Sulzer Worlitschek
Joachim Schoeck
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Sulzer Chemtech AG
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Sulzer Chemtech AG
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Priority to EP07730073A priority Critical patent/EP2038050B1/en
Priority to PL07730073T priority patent/PL2038050T3/en
Publication of EP2038050A2 publication Critical patent/EP2038050A2/en
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Publication of EP2038050B1 publication Critical patent/EP2038050B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3132—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit by using two or more injector devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43171—Profiled blades, wings, wedges, i.e. plate-like element having one side or part thicker than the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431973—Mounted on a support member extending transversally through the mixing tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a static mixer with at least one pair of vanes for generating a flow swirl in the direction of a channel flow according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This pair of vanes is a vortex-inducing static mixer element.
  • the pairs of wings are arranged on a "floor” next to each other; but they can also be grid-like arranged on two or more "floors" next to and above each other.
  • a secondary fluid should be mixed into a primary fluid.
  • the primary fluid may be an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, in which denitrification by means of a catalyst is to be carried out in a Denox plant, the secondary fluid being metered in as ammonia or an ammonia / air mixture as an additive.
  • a static mixer for a channel flow can be achieved with a small pressure loss mixing of the secondary fluid into the primary fluid with the required homogenization.
  • the vortex-inducing static mixer element only a homogenization in the form of a temperature and / or concentration compensation can also be carried out.
  • At least two vortex-generating, planar-like vanes are arranged in a channel through which the fluids pass, in such a way that generation of a swirl in the direction of the channel flow, the main flow direction, is forced.
  • Run-side leading edges of the wings are attached to a pipe perpendicular to the main flow direction and parallel to a height (or shorter side) of the channel.
  • This mounting tube connects a lower with an upper channel wall.
  • the additive dosage can be integrated into the tube.
  • the secondary fluid fed into the tube can be distributed through a plurality of nozzles in the primary fluid.
  • the two wings are offset from each other and V-shaped attached to the mounting tube. Starting from the front edges, the wings are bent in opposite directions, so that they have a concave surface upstream.
  • the vane cross sections along the main flow direction have variable longitudinal extent and variable orientation. Due to the special shape created in the channel flow of the swirl, which causes in the form of a primary vortex mixing over the entire channel height.
  • the wings according to the prior art would therefore have to be made of thick-walled sheet metal, ie be designed with sheet wall thicknesses of several millimeters.
  • a sheet-metal wall thickness causes numerous manufacturing problems, since a thick-walled sheet in the Required dimension and geometry barely machined, in particular can be rolled.
  • Another disadvantage is the high material consumption for the wings of thick-walled sheet to see, especially if the length of the wings is in the range of one to several meters. On the one hand, this material consumption results in high material costs. On the other hand, the high material consumption leads to high weights of the static mixer.
  • This last aspect is of particular importance for the installation of the mixer, since the mixer is installed in large flue gas ducts. These flue gas ducts are usually made of thin sheets and the walls, which are composed of these thin-walled sheets, therefore have a limited support function. For the installation of a heavy mixer, these flue gas ducts must therefore be reinforced by complex additional support structures.
  • a plurality of wing pairs induce a corresponding number of primary vortices that allow global admixture of an additive across the channel cross-section.
  • the respective direction of rotation of the primary vortex is essential.
  • Adjacent vortices, which rotate in the same direction, connect to a roller which extends over the effective ranges of these vane-inducing wing pairs. If the vortices are in opposite directions, the result is better mixing in the individual effective ranges, but at the expense of global mixing. In this case, to improve the global mixing a mixed coupling between the adjacent vortices by means of additional guide elements (see. DE-A-195 39 923 C1 ) be generated.
  • secondary vortex In addition to the primary vertebrae secondary vortex also form, namely behind the mounting tube and at the free edges of the area-like wings. Although the secondary vortices can contribute to a local mixing, but cause pressure losses and undesirable vibration effects. It would be advantageous if the occurrence of secondary vertebrae could be at least partially prevented.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a vortex inducing static mixer, which is improved in terms of pressure losses and vibration effects. This object is achieved by the mixer defined in claim 1.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a static mixer which can be installed in flow channels, in particular flue gas channels, with a large cross-section without the need for complicated additional stiffening on the flow channel or the support for the static mixer in the flow channel.
  • the static mixer comprises at least one pair of vanes for generating a flow swirl in the direction of a channel flow.
  • Run-side leading edges of the wings are perpendicular to the channel flow and parallel to a shorter side of the channel, hereinafter referred to as height. Downstream following, streamed surfaces are concave and bent in opposite directions.
  • Each wing is formed as an aerodynamically shaped body comprising an end wall, a convex side wall and a concave side wall.
  • the end wall has a convex shape or a shape of a leading edge.
  • the wing cross sections perpendicular to the side walls have similar shapes as cross sections of aircraft wings.
  • a mixer 1 according to the invention comprises at least one pair of blades as a mixing element 2, with which in a channel 10 in a channel flow 3, a flow swirl 300 is generated, the axis pointing in the direction of the channel flow 3.
  • a top 10a and a bottom 10b of the channel 10 define the height of the channel 10.
  • the pair of wings 2 comprises a first wing 2a and a second wing 2b.
  • the upstream edges of the wings 2a, 2b are perpendicular to the channel flow 3 and parallel to the height of the channel 10.
  • the axis of the channel 10 defines the main flow direction 30 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) of the channel flow 3, in which the swirl 300 points.
  • each wing 2a, 2b is designed as an aerodynamically designed body which comprises an end wall 20, a convex side wall 21 and the concave side wall 22.
  • the wing cross-sections transverse to the side walls 20, 21, 22 have a variable orientation and longitudinal extent. In particular, they have a shape which is similar to cross-sections of aircraft wings.
  • the orientation of the wing cross section varies between an angle ⁇ and an angle ⁇ , as in Fig. 3 is shown.
  • ⁇ is smaller than ⁇ .
  • the convex end wall 20 is in the illustrated embodiment, an elongate cylinder 20 'or a pipe 23 (FIG. Fig. 4 ).
  • Gusset 26 ( Fig. 1 ) provide improved mechanical stability of the pair of wings 2.
  • the end wall 20 has in the illustrated embodiment, a convex shape; but she can do that too be formed so that it forms a special leading edge on which dust particles can not or only to a very limited extent deposit.
  • the wings 2a, 2b of the mixer element 2 form bodies in the form of lightweight constructions; According to the invention, they are hollow bodies.
  • the side walls of the wings 2a, 2b are advantageously made of thin sheet whose thickness is for example 1 mm, but may also be smaller, for example 0.5 mm.
  • stabilizing connecting elements are arranged, for example, corrugated metal strips 24 (see Fig. 4 ) foamed bodies (not shown) or spars. In Fig. 1 Holmes are indicated as dashed lines 27.
  • the wings 2a, 2b produced as lightweight constructions can be designed in such a way that, with a wing height of one meter (or even more), they lack natural oscillations whose frequencies are within the range of 1 to 10 Hz.
  • the natural vibrations outside this range are not excited by the channel flow 3; In particular, no so-called flag oscillations are excited.
  • the "flag vibration” is a flow-induced vibration that is comparable to the movement of a fluttering in the wind flag.) Thanks to the aerodynamic shape of the wings, the channel flow 3 enters a region of the static mixer elements in the flow, in which the flow cross-sections between the wings continuously reduced. A pressure drop corresponds to an increase in the kinetic energy of the flow.
  • the flow cross-sections expand in a diffuser-like manner.
  • the pressure can increase again without substantial dissipation of the kinetic energy.
  • the reduced dissipation means that only weakly formed secondary vortexes are created, for example, which do not cause flag vibrations. Due to the lightweight constructions, the wings 2a, 2b stiffened, so that excitation of vibrations either due to changed mechanical properties either completely absent or at least shifted to higher and thus uncritical vibration frequencies out.
  • An additive metering can be carried out in a known manner by means of a metering grid, which is arranged in the channel 10 in front of the mixer elements 2. But there are great cost savings when the additive dosage are integrated into the mixer elements 2, as already in the DE-A-195 39 923 C1 is provided.
  • this known form of additive metering in which nozzles are arranged directly at the base of the vanes, it has proven to be more advantageous to provide outlet openings with respectively feed of the additives whose feed direction points in the direction of or transverse to the flow direction. Such a measure not only results in a better mixing effect, but the feed is also less sensitive to an uneven flow.
  • the openings 42 are nozzles, bores or laser-cut openings, which may be, for example, round, rectangular or slot-shaped.
  • the additive to be metered is a secondary fluid 4 ( Fig. 1 ) to be mixed in the primary fluid formed by the channel flow 3.
  • the apertures 42 each define a feed direction 40 of the secondary fluid 4, which defines an exit angle ⁇ relative to the main flow direction 30.
  • This exit angle ⁇ has a favorable value, which lies in the range between 60 and 170 °, preferably between 120 and 150 °.
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies have given ⁇ an optimal value of 142.5 °.
  • the integrated additive dosage may also include apertures for the secondary fluid 4 disposed in the sidewalls 21 and 22.
  • the breakthroughs 42 of the additive dosage are arranged at intervals at levels that have been theoretically or empirically optimized with respect to model calculations or experiments. They are arranged, for example, at individual levels in pairs and mirror-symmetrically with respect to the axis of the spin 300. In general, however, all or most breakthroughs 42 are at different levels, which may have different distances.
  • the apertures 42 may be connected to a supply line for the additive, or the additive is fed directly to the hollow body of the airfoil.
  • the side walls 21, 22 of the wing pair 2 are connected by a perpendicular to the tube standing gusset plate (no graphic representation), such as one of the DE-A-195 39 923 C1 is known. If the gusset plate has a triangular shape with straight sides, edges project beyond the concave side walls 22. With such protruding edges of the gusset plate an improved mixing effect is achieved without causing an increased pressure drop.
  • the wing walls 21, 22 are at least partially made of metal, ceramic material and / or plastic.
  • a metallic mixer element 2 may be coated with ceramic material or plastic.
  • the use of the mixer according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the height (shorter side) of the channel 10 is greater than 0.5 m, preferably greater than 1 m.
  • the mixer elements 2 (pair of wings) extend with advantage over the height of the channel 10, wherein they are arranged on a floor.
  • the number of mixer elements 2 is substantially equal to the quotient of channel width to channel height. Typical values for this number are in the range from 2 to 8.
  • the pairs of wings 2 can be arranged instead of on a "floor” on two or more "floors", the "floors” are not usually separated by walls from each other.

Abstract

The static mixer (1) includes at least one vane pair (2; 2a, 2b) for the generation of a flow swirl (300) in the direction (30) of a passage flow (3). Edges of the vanes at the front at the leading side are perpendicular to the passage flow and parallel to a height of the passage (10). Onflow surfaces following downstream are bent out in a concave manner and in opposite senses. Each vane (2a, 2b) is formed as an aerodynamically designed body which includes an end wall (20), a convex side wall (21) and a concave side wall (22). The end wall has a convex shape or a shape of a leading edge. The vane cross-sections perpendicular to the side walls in particular have similar shapes to cross-sections of aeroplane wings.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen statischen Mischer mit mindestens einem Flügelpaar zur Erzeugung eines Strömungsdralls in Richtung einer Kanalströmung gemäss Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Dieses Flügelpaar ist ein wirbelinduzierendes Statikmischerelement. Ein solches Flügelpaar oder eine Mehrzahl von Flügelpaaren, die in einem Kanal, insbesondere Rechteckkanal, auf einem Querschnitt neben einander angeordnet sind, bildet einen wirbelinduzierenden Statikmischer. In der Regel sind die Flügelpaare auf einer "Etage" neben einander angeordnet; sie können aber auch rasterartig auf zwei oder mehr "Etagen" neben und über einander angeordnet sein.The invention relates to a static mixer with at least one pair of vanes for generating a flow swirl in the direction of a channel flow according to the preamble of claim 1. This pair of vanes is a vortex-inducing static mixer element. Such a pair of wings or a plurality of pairs of wings, which are arranged in a channel, in particular rectangular channel, on a cross section next to each other, forms a vortex-inducing static mixer. In general, the pairs of wings are arranged on a "floor" next to each other; but they can also be grid-like arranged on two or more "floors" next to and above each other.

Mit dem wirbelinduzierenden Statikmischerelement soll beispielsweise ein Sekundärfluid in ein Primärfluid eingemischt werden. Das Primärfluid kann dabei ein Stickstoffoxide enthaltendes Abgas sein, bei dem eine Entstickung mittels eines Katalysators in einer Denox-Anlage vorzunehmen ist, wobei das Sekundärfluid in Form von Ammoniak oder eines Ammoniak/Luftgemisches als Additiv eindosiert wird. Mit einer aus der DE-A- 195 39 923 C1 bekannten Vorrichtung, einem statischen Mischer für eine Kanalströmung, lässt sich bei kleinem Druckverlust ein Zumischen des Sekundärfluids in das Primärfluid mit der erforderlichen Homogenisierung erreichen. Mit dem wirbelinduzierenden Statikmischerelement kann auch lediglich eine Homogenisierung in Form eines Temperatur- und/oder Konzentrationsausgleichs durchgeführt werden. Bei der bekannten Vorrichtung sind wenigstens zwei wirbelerzeugende, flächenartige Flügel in einem von den Fluiden durchströmten Kanal derart angeordnet, dass eine Erzeugung eines Dralls in Richtung der Kanalströmung, der Hauptströmungsrichtung, erzwungen wird. Anströmseitige Vorderkanten der Flügel sind an einem Rohr befestigt, das senkrecht zur Hauptströmungsrichtung und parallel zu einer Höhe (oder kürzeren Seite) des Kanals steht. Dieses Befestigungsrohr verbindet eine untere mit einer oberen Kanalwandung. In das Rohr kann die Additivdosierung integriert sein. Das in das Rohr eingespeiste Sekundärfluid lässt sich durch eine Mehrzahl von Düsen in das Primärfluid verteilen. Die beiden Flügel sind gegen einander versetzt und V-förmig am Befestigungsrohr angebracht. Ausgehend von den Vorderkanten sind die Flügel gegensinnig ausgebogen, so dass sie anströmseitig eine konkave Oberfläche aufweisen. Die Flügelquerschnitte längs der Hauptströmungsrichtung haben variable Längserstreckung und variable Ausrichtung. Aufgrund der besonderen Formgebung entsteht in der Kanalströmung der Drall, der in Form eines primären Wirbels eine Vermischung über die ganze Kanalhöhe bewirkt.With the vortex-inducing static mixer element, for example, a secondary fluid should be mixed into a primary fluid. The primary fluid may be an exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides, in which denitrification by means of a catalyst is to be carried out in a Denox plant, the secondary fluid being metered in as ammonia or an ammonia / air mixture as an additive. With one from the DE-A-195 39 923 C1 known device, a static mixer for a channel flow, can be achieved with a small pressure loss mixing of the secondary fluid into the primary fluid with the required homogenization. With the vortex-inducing static mixer element, only a homogenization in the form of a temperature and / or concentration compensation can also be carried out. In the known device, at least two vortex-generating, planar-like vanes are arranged in a channel through which the fluids pass, in such a way that generation of a swirl in the direction of the channel flow, the main flow direction, is forced. Run-side leading edges of the wings are attached to a pipe perpendicular to the main flow direction and parallel to a height (or shorter side) of the channel. This mounting tube connects a lower with an upper channel wall. The additive dosage can be integrated into the tube. The secondary fluid fed into the tube can be distributed through a plurality of nozzles in the primary fluid. The two wings are offset from each other and V-shaped attached to the mounting tube. Starting from the front edges, the wings are bent in opposite directions, so that they have a concave surface upstream. The vane cross sections along the main flow direction have variable longitudinal extent and variable orientation. Due to the special shape created in the channel flow of the swirl, which causes in the form of a primary vortex mixing over the entire channel height.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass insbesondere bei Mischern mit grossen Abmessungen im Bereich von mehreren Metern, wie sie in DeNOx-Anlagen von Kraftwerken, Müllverbrennungsanlagen und dergleichen üblich sind, eine Lösung technisch nicht umsetzbar ist, bei der die Flügel aus dünnwandigen Blechen gefertigt werden, so wie in der DE 195 39 923 C1 gezeigt. Dies hat verschiedene Gründe: zum einen sind solche Flügel sehr leicht verformbar, so dass schon eine masshaltige Herstellung kaum möglich ist. Der Transport und insbesondere der Einbau eines solchen Mischers in einen grossen Strömungskanal, beispielsweise einen Rauchgaskanal, welcher üblicherweise auf der Baustelle unter stark erschwerten Bedingungen erfolgt, erfordert dementsprechend aufwendige Vorkehrungen. Zudem haben Festigkeitsberechnungen gezeigt, dass die Flügel, welche im Betrieb mit strömenden Medien hohen Geschwindigkeiten und grosser Turbulenz ausgesetzt sind, bei Verwendung von derart weichen Konstruktionen zu Schwingungen neigen. Solche Schwingungen können zu gravierenden Schäden führen und müssen daher unter allen Umständen vermieden werden.It has been found that, especially for mixers with large dimensions in the range of several meters, as are common in DeNOx plants of power plants, waste incineration plants and the like, a solution is technically not feasible, in which the wings are made of thin-walled sheets, as in the DE 195 39 923 C1 shown. This has various reasons: on the one hand such wings are very easily deformable, so that even a massive production is hardly possible. The transport and in particular the installation of such a mixer in a large flow channel, for example a flue gas channel, which usually takes place on the construction site under severely difficult conditions, requires correspondingly expensive precautions. In addition, strength calculations have shown that the blades, which are exposed to high velocities and high turbulence in operation with flowing media, tend to vibrate when using such soft constructions. Such vibrations can cause serious damage and must therefore be avoided at all costs.

Um diese mit dem Stand der Technik verknüpften Probleme zu vermeiden, müssten die Flügel gemäss dem Stand der Technik daher aus dickwandigem Blech gefertigt, d.h. mit Blechwandstärken von mehreren Millimetern ausgeführt werden. Eine derartige Blechwandstärke verursacht allerdings zahlreiche Herstellungsprobleme, da ein dickwandiges Blech in der geforderten Dimension und Geometrie kaum noch mechanisch bearbeitet, insbesondere gewalzt werden kann. Als weiterer Nachteil ist der hohe Materialverbrauch für die Flügel aus dickwandigem Blech anzusehen, insbesondere wenn die Länge der Flügel im Bereich einem bis mehreren Metern liegt. Dieser Materialverbrauch hat einerseits hohe Materialkosten zur Folge. Der hohe Materialverbrauch führt andererseits zu hohen Gewichten des statischen Mischers. Dieser letzte Aspekt ist von besonderer Bedeutung für den Einbau des Mischers, da der Mischer in grosse Rauchgaskanäle eingebaut wird. Diese Rauchgaskanäle bestehen üblicherweise aus dünnen Blechen und die Wände, die aus diesen dünnwandigen Blechen aufgebaut sind, haben daher eine limitierte Tragfunktion. Für den Einbau eines schweren Mischers müssen diese Rauchgaskanäle daher durch aufwendige Zusatzstützkonstruktionen verstärkt werden.In order to avoid these problems associated with the prior art, the wings according to the prior art would therefore have to be made of thick-walled sheet metal, ie be designed with sheet wall thicknesses of several millimeters. However, such a sheet-metal wall thickness causes numerous manufacturing problems, since a thick-walled sheet in the Required dimension and geometry barely machined, in particular can be rolled. Another disadvantage is the high material consumption for the wings of thick-walled sheet to see, especially if the length of the wings is in the range of one to several meters. On the one hand, this material consumption results in high material costs. On the other hand, the high material consumption leads to high weights of the static mixer. This last aspect is of particular importance for the installation of the mixer, since the mixer is installed in large flue gas ducts. These flue gas ducts are usually made of thin sheets and the walls, which are composed of these thin-walled sheets, therefore have a limited support function. For the installation of a heavy mixer, these flue gas ducts must therefore be reinforced by complex additional support structures.

Eine zusätzliche, für sich allein aber nicht ausreichende Möglichkeit der Versteifung der Flügel gemäss des Standes der Technik ist ebenfalls in der DE 195 39 923 C1 gezeigt. Bei dieser vorteilhaften Ausführungsform verbindet ein senkrecht zum Rohr stehendes Zwickelblech die beiden Flächen des Flügelpaars. Das Zwickelblech dient sowohl einer aerodynamischen als auch einer mechanischen Stabilisierung. Allerdings ist diese Versteifung für Flügel für Rauchgaskanäle grossen Querschnitts nicht geeignet, weil die dem Zwickelblech gegenüberliegenden freien Seitenkanten der Flügel mit dieser Massnahme nicht versteift werden können und es demzufolge weiterhin zu unerwünschten Schwingungen des Flügels durch die im Rauchgasstrom induzierten Wirbel kommt, wie nachfolgend beschrieben wird.An additional, but in itself not sufficient possibility of stiffening the wings according to the prior art is also in the DE 195 39 923 C1 shown. In this advantageous embodiment, a perpendicular to the tube gusset plate connects the two surfaces of the pair of wings. The gusset plate serves both aerodynamic and mechanical stabilization. However, this stiffening for wings for flue gas ducts of large cross-section is not suitable because the gusset plate opposite free side edges of the wings can not be stiffened with this measure and it therefore continues to undesirable vibrations of the wing through the vortices induced in the flue gas flow, as described below ,

Eine Mehrzahl von Flügelpaaren induziert eine entsprechende Anzahl von primären Wirbeln, die eine globale Zumischung eines Additivs über den Kanalquerschnitt ermöglichen. Dabei ist der jeweilige Drehsinn der primären Wirbel wesentlich. Benachbarte Wirbel, die gleichsinnig drehen, verbinden sich zu einer Walze, die sich über die Wirkbereiche der diese Wirbel induzierenden Flügelpaare erstreckt. Sind die Wirbel gegensinnig, so ergibt sich eine bessere Durchmischung in den einzelnen Wirkbereichen, jedoch zu Lasten der globalen Durchmischung. In diesem Fall kann zur Verbesserung der globalen Durchmischung eine Mischkoppelung zwischen den benachbarten Wirbeln mittels zusätzlicher Leitelemente (vgl. DE-A- 195 39 923 C1 ) erzeugt werden.A plurality of wing pairs induce a corresponding number of primary vortices that allow global admixture of an additive across the channel cross-section. The respective direction of rotation of the primary vortex is essential. Adjacent vortices, which rotate in the same direction, connect to a roller which extends over the effective ranges of these vane-inducing wing pairs. If the vortices are in opposite directions, the result is better mixing in the individual effective ranges, but at the expense of global mixing. In this case, to improve the global mixing a mixed coupling between the adjacent vortices by means of additional guide elements (see. DE-A-195 39 923 C1 ) be generated.

Neben den primären Wirbeln bilden sich auch sekundäre Wirbel aus, nämlich hinter dem Befestigungsrohr und an den freien Kanten der flächenartigen Flügel. Die sekundären Wirbel können zwar zu einer lokalen Vermischung beitragen, bewirken jedoch Druckverluste und unerwünschte Schwingungseffekte. Es wäre vorteilhaft, wenn das Auftreten von sekundären Wirbeln zumindest teilweise verhindert werden könnte.In addition to the primary vertebrae secondary vortex also form, namely behind the mounting tube and at the free edges of the area-like wings. Although the secondary vortices can contribute to a local mixing, but cause pressure losses and undesirable vibration effects. It would be advantageous if the occurrence of secondary vertebrae could be at least partially prevented.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen wirbelinduzierenden Statikmischer zu schaffen, der hinsichtlich Druckverlusten und Schwingungseffekten verbessert ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch den im Anspruch 1 definierten Mischer gelöst.The object of the invention is to provide a vortex inducing static mixer, which is improved in terms of pressure losses and vibration effects. This object is achieved by the mixer defined in claim 1.

Eine ergünzende Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen statischen Mischer vorzusehen, der in Strömungskanäle, insbesondere Rauchgaskanäle, mit einem grossen Querschnitt eingebaut werden kann, ohne dass aufwendige zusätzliche Versteifungen am Strömungskanal oder der Halterung für den statischen Mischer im Strömungskanal vorgenommen werden müssen.An additional object of the invention is to provide a static mixer which can be installed in flow channels, in particular flue gas channels, with a large cross-section without the need for complicated additional stiffening on the flow channel or the support for the static mixer in the flow channel.

Der statische Mischer umfasst mindestens ein Flügelpaar zur Erzeugung eines Strömungsdralls in Richtung einer Kanalströmung. Anströmseitige Vorderkanten der Flügel stehen senkrecht zur Kanalströmung und parallel zu einer kürzeren Seite des Kanals, die nachfolgend kurz als Höhe bezeichnet wird. Stromabwärts folgende, angeströmte Oberflächen sind konkav sowie gegensinnig ausgebogen. Jeder Flügel ist als aerodynamisch gestalteter Körper ausgebildet, der eine Stirnwand, eine konvexe Seitenwand sowie eine konkave Seitenwand umfasst. Die Stirnwand hat eine konvexe Form oder eine Form einer Anströmkante. Insbesondere haben die Flügelquerschnitte senkrecht zu den Seitenwänden ähnliche Formen wie Querschnitte von Flugzeugtragflächen.The static mixer comprises at least one pair of vanes for generating a flow swirl in the direction of a channel flow. Run-side leading edges of the wings are perpendicular to the channel flow and parallel to a shorter side of the channel, hereinafter referred to as height. Downstream following, streamed surfaces are concave and bent in opposite directions. Each wing is formed as an aerodynamically shaped body comprising an end wall, a convex side wall and a concave side wall. The end wall has a convex shape or a shape of a leading edge. In particular, the wing cross sections perpendicular to the side walls have similar shapes as cross sections of aircraft wings.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 15 betreffen vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Mischers.The dependent claims 2 to 15 relate to advantageous embodiments of the inventive mixer.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemässen Mischer,
Fig. 2
ein Flügelpaar dieses Mischers in etwas vereinfachter Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine transparente Darstellung des Flügelpaars der Fig. 2 und
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch einen Flügel.
The invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a mixer according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a pair of wings of this mixer in a somewhat simplified representation,
Fig. 3
a transparent representation of the wing pair of Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4
a cross section through a wing.

Ein erfindungsgemässer Mischer 1, wie er anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellt ist, umfasst mindestens ein Flügelpaar als Mischerelement 2, mit dem in einem Kanal 10 in einer Kanalströmung 3 ein Strömungsdrall 300 erzeugt wird, dessen Achse in Richtung der Kanalströmung 3 weist. Eine Oberseite 10a und eine Unterseite 10b des Kanals 10 definieren die Höhe des Kanals 10. Das Flügelpaar 2 umfasst einen ersten Flügel 2a und einen zweiten Flügel 2b. Die anströmseitigen Vorderkanten der Flügel 2a, 2b stehen senkrecht zur Kanalströmung 3 und parallel zur Höhe des Kanals 10. Die Flügel 2a und 2b haben stromabwärts den Vorderkanten folgend angeströmte Oberflächen oder Flügelwände 22, die konkav sowie gegensinnig ausgebogen sind. Die Achse des Kanals 10 definiert die Hauptströmungsrichtung 30 (Fig. 3) der Kanalströmung 3, in welcher der Drall 300 weist.A mixer 1 according to the invention, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 is shown comprises at least one pair of blades as a mixing element 2, with which in a channel 10 in a channel flow 3, a flow swirl 300 is generated, the axis pointing in the direction of the channel flow 3. A top 10a and a bottom 10b of the channel 10 define the height of the channel 10. The pair of wings 2 comprises a first wing 2a and a second wing 2b. The upstream edges of the wings 2a, 2b are perpendicular to the channel flow 3 and parallel to the height of the channel 10. The wings 2a and 2b downstream of the leading edges following flown surfaces or wing walls 22, which are concave and counter-bent. The axis of the channel 10 defines the main flow direction 30 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) of the channel flow 3, in which the swirl 300 points.

Erfindungsgemäss ist jeder Flügel 2a, 2b als aerodynamisch gestalteter Körper ausgebildet, der eine Stirnwand 20, eine konvexe Seitenwand 21 sowie die konkave Seitenwand 22 umfasst. Die Flügelquerschnitte quer zu den Seitenwänden 20, 21, 22 haben eine variable Ausrichtung und Längserstreckung. Sie haben insbesondere eine Form, die eine Ähnlichkeit mit Querschnitten von Flugzeugtragflächen haben. Die Ausrichtung des Flügelquerschnitts variiert zwischen einem Winkel α und einem Winkel β, wie es in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Dabei ist mit Vorteil α kleiner als β. Die konvexe Stirnwand 20 ist bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform ein länglicher Zylinder 20' oder ein Rohr 23 (Fig. 4). Zwickel 26 (Fig. 1) ergeben eine verbesserte mechanische Stabilität des Flügelpaars 2. Die Stirnwand 20 hat bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine konvexe Form; sie kann aber auch so geformt sein, dass sie eine besondere Anströmkante bildet, auf der sich Staubpartikel nicht oder nur in sehr beschränktem Mass ablagern können.According to the invention, each wing 2a, 2b is designed as an aerodynamically designed body which comprises an end wall 20, a convex side wall 21 and the concave side wall 22. The wing cross-sections transverse to the side walls 20, 21, 22 have a variable orientation and longitudinal extent. In particular, they have a shape which is similar to cross-sections of aircraft wings. The orientation of the wing cross section varies between an angle α and an angle β, as in Fig. 3 is shown. Advantageously, α is smaller than β. The convex end wall 20 is in the illustrated embodiment, an elongate cylinder 20 'or a pipe 23 (FIG. Fig. 4 ). Gusset 26 ( Fig. 1 ) provide improved mechanical stability of the pair of wings 2. The end wall 20 has in the illustrated embodiment, a convex shape; but she can do that too be formed so that it forms a special leading edge on which dust particles can not or only to a very limited extent deposit.

Die Flügel 2a, 2b des Mischerelements 2 bilden Körper in Form von Leichtbaukonstruktionen; erfindungsgemäß sind es Hohlkörper. Die Seitenwände der Flügel 2a, 2b sind mit Vorteil aus dünnem Blech hergestellt, dessen Dicke beispielsweise 1 mm ist, jedoch auch kleiner sein kann, beispielsweise 0.5 mm. Zwischen den Innenseiten der Seitenwände 2a, 2b sind stabilisierende Verbindungselemente angeordnet, beispielsweise gewellte Blechstreifen 24 (siehe Fig. 4) geschäumte Körper (nicht dargestellt) oder Holme. In Fig. 1 sind Holme als gestrichelte Linien 27 angedeutet.The wings 2a, 2b of the mixer element 2 form bodies in the form of lightweight constructions; According to the invention, they are hollow bodies. The side walls of the wings 2a, 2b are advantageously made of thin sheet whose thickness is for example 1 mm, but may also be smaller, for example 0.5 mm. Between the inner sides of the side walls 2a, 2b stabilizing connecting elements are arranged, for example, corrugated metal strips 24 (see Fig. 4 ) foamed bodies (not shown) or spars. In Fig. 1 Holmes are indicated as dashed lines 27.

Die als Leichtbaukonstruktionen hergestellten Flügel 2a, 2b können solcherart gestaltet sein, dass ihnen bei einer Flügelhöhe von einem Meter (oder auch mehr) Eigenschwingungen fehlen, deren Frequenzen innerhalb des Bereichs von 1 bis 10 Hz liegen. Die ausserhalb dieses Bereichs liegenden Eigenschwingungen werden durch die Kanalströmung 3 nicht angeregt; insbesondere werden keine sogenannten Fahnenschwingungen angeregt. (Die "Fahnenschwingung" ist eine strömungsinduzierte Schwingung, die vergleichbar ist mit der Bewegung einer im Wind flatternden Fahne.) Dank der aerodynamischen Form der Flügel tritt die Kanalströmung 3 beim Anströmen in einen Bereich der Statikmischerelemente ein, in dem sich die Strömungsquerschnitte zwischen den Flügeln kontinuierlich verringert. Einem Druckabfall entspricht dabei eine Vergrösserung der kinetischen Energie der Strömung. Anschliessend erweitern sich die Strömungsquerschnitte diffusorartig. Dabei kann der Druck ohne eine wesentliche Dissipation der kinetischen Energie wieder zunehmen. Die reduzierte Dissipation bedeutet, dass nur schwach ausgebildete sekundäre Wirbel entstehen, durch die beispielsweise keine Fahnenschwingungen angeregt werden. Durch die Leichtbaukonstruktionen werden die Flügel 2a, 2b versteift, so dass eine Anregung von Schwingungen auch aufgrund geänderter mechanischer Eigenschaften entweder ganz ausbleibt oder zumindest zu höheren und damit unkritischen Schwingungsfrequenzen hin verschoben ist.The wings 2a, 2b produced as lightweight constructions can be designed in such a way that, with a wing height of one meter (or even more), they lack natural oscillations whose frequencies are within the range of 1 to 10 Hz. The natural vibrations outside this range are not excited by the channel flow 3; In particular, no so-called flag oscillations are excited. (The "flag vibration" is a flow-induced vibration that is comparable to the movement of a fluttering in the wind flag.) Thanks to the aerodynamic shape of the wings, the channel flow 3 enters a region of the static mixer elements in the flow, in which the flow cross-sections between the wings continuously reduced. A pressure drop corresponds to an increase in the kinetic energy of the flow. Subsequently, the flow cross-sections expand in a diffuser-like manner. The pressure can increase again without substantial dissipation of the kinetic energy. The reduced dissipation means that only weakly formed secondary vortexes are created, for example, which do not cause flag vibrations. Due to the lightweight constructions, the wings 2a, 2b stiffened, so that excitation of vibrations either due to changed mechanical properties either completely absent or at least shifted to higher and thus uncritical vibration frequencies out.

In der zitierten DE-A- 195 39 923 C1 wird für eine mögliche Bauform der Mischerelemente die Verwendung von dünnwandigen Körpern, insbesondere von solchen aus Blech oder Kunststoff, angegeben. Diese Ausführungsform ist wegen Festigkeits- und Stabilitätsanforderungen ungeeignet zum Bau grosser Mischer (ab 1 oder 2 m Kanalhöhe), wie sie in Denox-Anlagen häufig verwendet werden. Mit den Mischerelementen 2 des erfindungsgemässen Mischers 1 ist dieses Problem behoben. Es sind auch keine aussenliegenden Versteifungsstrukturen, beispielsweise Rippen erforderlich, welche das Strömungsfeld entlang den Flügeloberflächen ungünstig beeinflussen oder Staubablagerungen bewirken und dadurch die Wirkungsweise des Mischers 1 beeinträchtigen.In the cited DE-A-195 39 923 C1 For a possible design of the mixer elements, the use of thin-walled bodies, in particular such as sheet metal or plastic. This embodiment is due to strength and stability requirements unsuitable for the construction of large mixer (from 1 or 2 m channel height), as they are commonly used in Denox plants. With the mixer elements 2 of the inventive mixer 1, this problem is eliminated. There are also no external stiffening structures, such as ribs required, which affect the flow field along the wing surfaces unfavorable or cause dust deposits and thereby affect the operation of the mixer 1.

Eine Additivdosierung lässt sich auf bekannte Weise mittels eines Dosiergitters vornehmen, das im Kanal 10 vor den Mischerelementen 2 angeordnet wird. Es ergeben sich aber grosse Kosteneinsparungen, wenn die Additivdosierung in die Mischerelemente 2 integriert werden, wie dies bereits in der DE-A- 195 39 923 C1 vorgesehen ist. Im Gegensatz zu dieser bekannten Form der Additivdosierung, bei der Düsen unmittelbar an der Basis der Flügel angeordnet sind, hat es sich als vorteilhafter erwiesen, Austrittsöffnungen mit jeweiliger Einspeisung der Additive vorzusehen, deren Einspeiserichtung gegen oder quer zur Strömungsrichtung weist. Eine solche Massnahme hat nicht nur eine bessere Mischwirkung zur Folge, sondern die Einspeisung ist auch weniger empfindlich gegen eine ungleichmässige Anströmung. Es sind daher als Austrittsöffnungen der integrierten Additivdosierung Durchbrüche 42 in der Stirnwand 20 oder seitlich in der Nähe der Stirnwand 20 vorgesehen. Die Durchbrüche 42 sind Düsen, Bohrungen oder durch Laser geschnittene Öffnungen, die beispielsweise rund, rechteckig oder schlitzförmig sein können. Das zu dosierende Additiv ist ein Sekundärfluid 4 (Fig. 1), das in das durch die Kanalströmung 3 gebildete Primärfluid einzumischen ist. Die Durchbrüche 42 legen jeweils eine Einspeiserichtung 40 des Sekundärfluids 4 fest, die auf die Hauptströmungsrichtung 30 bezogen einen Austrittswinkel σ definiert. Dieser Austrittswinkel σ hat einen günstigen Wert, der im Bereich zwischen 60 und 170° liegt, vorzugsweise zwischen 120 und 150°. CFD-Studien mit Modellrechnungen ("Computational Fluid Dynamics") haben für σ einen optimalen Wert von 142.5°ergeben. Die integrierte Additivdosierung kann auch Durchbrüche für das Sekundärfluid 4 umfassen, die in den Seitenwänden 21 und 22 angeordnet sind.An additive metering can be carried out in a known manner by means of a metering grid, which is arranged in the channel 10 in front of the mixer elements 2. But there are great cost savings when the additive dosage are integrated into the mixer elements 2, as already in the DE-A-195 39 923 C1 is provided. In contrast to this known form of additive metering, in which nozzles are arranged directly at the base of the vanes, it has proven to be more advantageous to provide outlet openings with respectively feed of the additives whose feed direction points in the direction of or transverse to the flow direction. Such a measure not only results in a better mixing effect, but the feed is also less sensitive to an uneven flow. There are therefore provided as outlet openings of the integrated additive doses openings 42 in the end wall 20 or laterally in the vicinity of the end wall 20. The openings 42 are nozzles, bores or laser-cut openings, which may be, for example, round, rectangular or slot-shaped. The additive to be metered is a secondary fluid 4 ( Fig. 1 ) to be mixed in the primary fluid formed by the channel flow 3. The apertures 42 each define a feed direction 40 of the secondary fluid 4, which defines an exit angle σ relative to the main flow direction 30. This exit angle σ has a favorable value, which lies in the range between 60 and 170 °, preferably between 120 and 150 °. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies have given σ an optimal value of 142.5 °. The integrated additive dosage may also include apertures for the secondary fluid 4 disposed in the sidewalls 21 and 22.

Die Durchbrüche 42 der Additivdosierung sind in Abständen auf Niveaus angeordnet, die theoretisch oder empirisch bezüglich Modellrechnungen bzw. Versuchen optimiert worden sind. Sie sind beispielsweise auf einzelnen Niveaus paarweise und spiegelsymmetrisch bezüglich der Achse des Dralls 300 angeordnet. In der Regel befinden sich aber alle oder die meisten Durchbrüche 42 auf verschiedenen Niveaus, die unterschiedliche Abstände aufweisen können.The breakthroughs 42 of the additive dosage are arranged at intervals at levels that have been theoretically or empirically optimized with respect to model calculations or experiments. They are arranged, for example, at individual levels in pairs and mirror-symmetrically with respect to the axis of the spin 300. In general, however, all or most breakthroughs 42 are at different levels, which may have different distances.

Die Durchbrüche 42 können mit einer Zuführleitung für das Additiv verbunden sein, oder das Additiv wird direkt dem Hohlkörper des Flügelprofils zugeführt.The apertures 42 may be connected to a supply line for the additive, or the additive is fed directly to the hollow body of the airfoil.

Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind die Seitenwände 21, 22 des Flügelpaars 2 durch ein senkrecht zum Rohr stehendes Zwickelblech (keine zeichnerische Darstellung) verbunden, wie ein solches aus der DE-A-195 39 923 C1 bekannt ist. Hat das Zwickelblech eine Dreieckform mit geraden Seiten, so stehen Kanten über die konkaven Seitenwände 22 vor. Mit solchen überstehenden Kanten des Zwickelblechs wird eine verbesserte Mischwirkung erzielt, ohne dass dabei ein erhöhter Druckabfall entsteht.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the side walls 21, 22 of the wing pair 2 are connected by a perpendicular to the tube standing gusset plate (no graphic representation), such as one of the DE-A-195 39 923 C1 is known. If the gusset plate has a triangular shape with straight sides, edges project beyond the concave side walls 22. With such protruding edges of the gusset plate an improved mixing effect is achieved without causing an increased pressure drop.

Die Flügelwände 21, 22 sind zumindest teilweise aus Metall, keramischem Material und/oder Kunststoff gefertigt. Ein metallisches Mischerelement 2 kann mit keramischem Material oder Kunststoff beschichtet sein.The wing walls 21, 22 are at least partially made of metal, ceramic material and / or plastic. A metallic mixer element 2 may be coated with ceramic material or plastic.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist Verwendung des erfindungsgemässen Mischers, wenn die Höhe (kürzere Seite) des Kanals 10 grösser als 0.5 m, vorzugsweise grösser als 1 m ist. Die Mischerelemente 2 (Flügelpaare) erstrecken sich mit Vorteil über die Höhe des Kanals 10, wobei sie auf einer Etage angeordnet sind. In diesem Fall ist folglich die Anzahl der Mischerelemente 2 im Wesentlichen gleich dem Quotienten aus Kanalbreite zu Kanalhöhe. Typische Werte für diese Anzahl liegen im Bereich von 2 bis 8. Es ergeben sich je nach Anzahl der Mischerelemente 2 eine grosse Zahl von - mehr oder weniger effizienten - Anordnungsvarianten: beispielsweise alle Mischerelemente 2 alternierend oder gleichsinnig drehend. Es ist somit möglich, die Anordnung der Mischerelemente 2 auf eine Aufgabenstellung zu optimieren, die sich in Bezug auf eine als Anfangsbedingung situativ gegebene Ungleichverteilung von Temperatur oder Konzentrationen ergibt.The use of the mixer according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the height (shorter side) of the channel 10 is greater than 0.5 m, preferably greater than 1 m. The mixer elements 2 (pair of wings) extend with advantage over the height of the channel 10, wherein they are arranged on a floor. In this case, therefore, the number of mixer elements 2 is substantially equal to the quotient of channel width to channel height. Typical values for this number are in the range from 2 to 8. Depending on the number of mixer elements 2, there are a large number of-more or less efficient-arrangement variants: for example, all mixer elements 2 rotating in the same direction or in the same direction. It is thus possible to optimize the arrangement of the mixer elements 2 to a task which results in relation to a given as an initial condition situational unequal distribution of temperature or concentrations.

Die Flügelpaare 2 können statt auf einer "Etage" auch auf zwei oder mehr "Etagen" angeordnet sein, wobei die "Etagen" in der Regel nicht durch Wände von einander getrennt sind.The pairs of wings 2 can be arranged instead of on a "floor" on two or more "floors", the "floors" are not usually separated by walls from each other.

Claims (15)

  1. A static mixer (1) comprising at least one vane pair (2; 2a, 2b) for the generation of a flow swirl (300) in the direction (30) of a passage flow (3), having at least two vanes (2a, 2b) whereby each vane (2a, 2b) is made as an aerodynamically designed body, comprising an end wall (20) a convex side wall (21) and a concave side wall (22) characterised in that the end wall (20) has the shape of a leading edge so that the leading edges of the vanes (2a, 2b) of a vane pair (2) extend perpendicularly to the passage flow and whose onflow surfaces following downstream are bent out in opposite senses with the end wall (20) having a convex shape or the shape of a leading edge and the vanes (2a, 2b) form bodies in the form of lightweight constructions, wherein the lightweight constructions of he vanes (2a, 2b) form hollow bodies.
  2. A mixer in accordance with claim 1, wherein cross-sections arranged perpendicular to the side walls have similar shapes to cross-sections of aeroplane wings.
  3. A mixer in accordance with claim 2, wherein the side walls (21, 22) of the vanes (2a, 2b) are made from thin sheet metal and wherein stabilising connection elements are arranged between the inner sides of the side walls.
  4. A mixer in accordance with claim 3, wherein the connection elements are formed by pillars, corrugated sheet metal strips (24) or foamed bodies.
  5. A mixer in accordance with claim 3, wherein the thin sheet metal has a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm.
  6. A mixer in accordance with claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the lightweight constructions have natural oscillations whose frequencies are above the range of 1 to 10 Hz so that no oscillations can be excited in this frequency range by the passage flow (3) and no so-called flag oscillations occur.
  7. A mixer in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of openings (42) of an integrated additive metering are arranged in the vane walls (20, 21, 22), with the additive (4) to be metered being a secondary fluid which is to be mixed into a primary fluid forming the passage flow (3).
  8. A mixer in accordance with claim 7, wherein the openings (42) are formed as nozzles or bores.
  9. A mixer in accordance with claim 7, wherein the openings (42) are arranged in the end wall (20) or to the side in the vicinity of the end wall; and a gusset plate perpendicular to the tube connects the side walls of the vane pair and projects somewhat beyond the concave side walls (22).
  10. A mixer in accordance with claim 7, wherein the openings (42) define infeed directions (40) of the secondary fluid which define discharge angles (σ) with respect to the main flow direction (30); and wherein these discharge angles have a value which lies in the range between 60 and 170°.
  11. A mixer in accordance with claim 7, wherein the openings (42) define infeed directions (40) of the secondary fluid which define discharge angles (σ) with respect to the main flow direction (30); and wherein these discharge angles have a value which lies in the range between 120 and 150°.
  12. A mixer in accordance with any one of the claims 7 to 11, wherein the openings (42) are arranged at intervals at levels.
  13. A mixer in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 12, wherein the vane walls (21, 22) are made at least partly from metal, ceramic material and/or plastic.
  14. A mixer in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein the shorter side of the passage (10) is larger than 0.5 m, preferably larger than 1 m; and wherein the vane pairs (2) are arranged on a tier, with them extending beyond the shorter side of the passage; or in that the vane pairs are arranged on two or more tiers.
  15. A mixer in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein the shorter side of the passage (10) is larger than 1 m; and wherein the vane pairs (2) are arranged on a tier, with them extending beyond the shorter side of the passage; or in that the vane pairs are arranged on two or more tiers.
EP07730073A 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct Active EP2038050B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07730073A EP2038050B1 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct
PL07730073T PL2038050T3 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06116121 2006-06-27
PCT/EP2007/055744 WO2008000616A2 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct
EP07730073A EP2038050B1 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2038050A2 EP2038050A2 (en) 2009-03-25
EP2038050B1 true EP2038050B1 (en) 2011-01-12

Family

ID=37310756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07730073A Active EP2038050B1 (en) 2006-06-27 2007-06-12 Static mixer comprising at least one couple of blades for generating an eddy flow in a duct

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US8684593B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2038050B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4875155B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101446659B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101479025B (en)
AT (1) ATE494947T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0713057B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2656214C (en)
DE (1) DE502007006250D1 (en)
DK (1) DK2038050T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2038050T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2438770C2 (en)
TW (1) TWI426952B (en)
WO (1) WO2008000616A2 (en)

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US9291177B2 (en) * 2010-06-01 2016-03-22 Esg Mbh Duct having flow conducting surfaces
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KR101959934B1 (en) * 2010-09-28 2019-03-19 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 Reactive flow static mixer with cross-flow obstructions
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0713057B1 (en) 2018-05-02
TW200821035A (en) 2008-05-16
DE502007006250D1 (en) 2011-02-24
TWI426952B (en) 2014-02-21
DK2038050T3 (en) 2011-04-18
WO2008000616A2 (en) 2008-01-03
CA2656214C (en) 2014-11-25
ATE494947T1 (en) 2011-01-15
US20090103393A1 (en) 2009-04-23
US8684593B2 (en) 2014-04-01
KR20090021357A (en) 2009-03-03
BRPI0713057A2 (en) 2012-04-10
JP4875155B2 (en) 2012-02-15
EP2038050A2 (en) 2009-03-25
RU2009102519A (en) 2010-08-10
WO2008000616A3 (en) 2008-10-30
CN101479025B (en) 2012-10-24
JP2009541045A (en) 2009-11-26
KR101446659B1 (en) 2014-10-01
PL2038050T3 (en) 2011-06-30
CA2656214A1 (en) 2008-01-03
CN101479025A (en) 2009-07-08
RU2438770C2 (en) 2012-01-10

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