EP2037473B1 - Electric switch with tactile surface - Google Patents

Electric switch with tactile surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2037473B1
EP2037473B1 EP20080105359 EP08105359A EP2037473B1 EP 2037473 B1 EP2037473 B1 EP 2037473B1 EP 20080105359 EP20080105359 EP 20080105359 EP 08105359 A EP08105359 A EP 08105359A EP 2037473 B1 EP2037473 B1 EP 2037473B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
dome
blister
switch according
switch
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EP20080105359
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2037473A1 (en
Inventor
Patrice Laurent
Xavier Drouin
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Dav SA
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Dav SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H01H13/48—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members using buckling of disc springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
    • H01H2215/002—Longer travel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2215/00—Tactile feedback
    • H01H2215/004—Collapsible dome or bubble
    • H01H2215/006—Only mechanical function

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  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un commutateur électrique comportant un capteur à surface tactile pour, par exemple, la commutation basse tension utilisée pour les commandes de servitudes dans un habitacle de véhicule automobile (lève-vitres, positionnement des sièges, toit-ouvrant, autoradio, ordinateur de bord, commandes sur console, etc.).The present invention relates to an electrical switch comprising a touch-sensitive sensor for, for example, low-voltage switching used for servitude controls in a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle (window lifts, seat positioning, sunroof, car radio, computer on-board controls, etc.).

Les capteurs à surface tactile, tels que des capteurs utilisant des résistances sensibles à la pression (également connus sous le nom de capteur FSR pour « Force Sensing Resistor ») permettent de détecter un appui du doigt d'un utilisateur et, en fonction de l'effort exercé sur la surface et/ou de la position de l'appui détecté et/ou du déplacement ultérieur de cet appui sur la surface, de déclencher un type particulier d'action ou de commande d'organe.Sensors with a touch surface, such as sensors using pressure-sensitive resistors (also known as the FSR sensor for "Force Sensing Resistor") can detect a user's finger pressure and, depending on the force exerted on the surface and / or the position of the detected support and / or the subsequent displacement of this support on the surface, to trigger a particular type of action or organ control.

De tels capteurs sont par exemple connus sous le nom de « tablette digitalisante » (dénomination anglaise "Digitizer pad") et on cite comme art antérieur les documents suivants : US 4,810,992 , US 5,008,497 , FR 2683649 ou encore EP 0 541 102 .Such sensors are for example known under the name of "digitizing tablet" (English name "Digitizer pad") and are cited as prior art the following documents: US 4,810,992 , US5,008,497 , FR 2683649 or EP 0 541 102 .

Ces capteurs comprennent deux feuilles souples de support espacées l'une de l'autre par des entretoises élastiques et portant sur des faces mutuellement en regard, des éléments permettant de réaliser un contact électrique lors de la compression du capteur (voir par exemple EP 1 429 355 et EP 1 429 356 ).These sensors comprise two flexible support sheets spaced from each other by elastic spacers and on mutually facing faces, elements for making an electrical contact during the compression of the sensor (see for example EP 1 429 355 and EP 1 429 356 ).

En exerçant une pression sur la surface tactile, la résistance ohmique de la surface tactile diminue permettant ainsi, par application d'une tension adaptée, de mesurer la pression appliquée et/ou la localisation de l'endroit où la pression est exercée.By exerting a pressure on the touch surface, the ohmic resistance of the touch surface decreases thus allowing, by application of a suitable voltage, to measure the applied pressure and / or the location of the place where the pressure is exerted.

Certains dispositifs de commande possédant un capteur à surface tactile sont de plus, aptes à fournir un retour haptique permettant d'informer l'utilisateur que la détection a été faite et la commutation réalisée.Some control devices having a touch-sensitive sensor are further capable of providing haptic feedback to inform the user that the detection has been made and the switching performed.

Par exemple, on connaît du document WO2006/045209 , des commutateurs électriques comportant un cloquant disposé sous le capteur.For example, document is known WO2006 / 045209 , electrical switches having a blister disposed under the sensor.

Le cloquant est un dispositif monostable à actionnement par pression, c'est-à-dire un dispositif possédant une position stable de repos et une position instable dans laquelle le sommet du dôme cloquant élastique se déforme lorsqu'un effort est appliqué.The blister is a pressure-actuated monostable device, i.e. a device having a stable resting position and an unstable position in which the top of the elastic blister dome deforms when a force is applied.

La déformation du cloquant est proportionnelle à l'effort appliqué jusqu'à une transition du cloquant.The deformation of the blister is proportional to the force applied until a transition of the blister.

Lors de la transition, le cloquant se déforme brutalement, ce qui permet la génération d'un retour d'information haptique à l'utilisateur, l'informant de la réalisation d'une commutation dans le cas où par exemple, une commutation s'effectue par déflexion du dôme cloquant entre le dôme et deux pistes à relier sur un circuit intégré.During the transition, the blister is deformed abruptly, which allows the generation of haptic feedback to the user, informing him of the realization of a switch in the case where for example a switch s' deflects the blistering dome between the dome and two tracks to be connected to an integrated circuit.

Ce dispositif, décrit par exemple dans le document US 5 561 278 , présente l'avantage d'être facile à réaliser et de faible coût.This device, described for example in the document US 5,561,278 , has the advantage of being easy to achieve and low cost.

Toutefois, l'actionnement de la surface tactile recouvrant un cloquant conduit à la déformation simultanée du capteur et du cloquant, pour permettre au cloquant d'atteindre sa course d'actionnement.However, actuation of the touch surface covering a blister leads to the simultaneous deformation of the sensor and the blister, to allow the blister to reach its actuating stroke.

Cette déformation peut limiter sensiblement la durée de vie du capteur à surface tactile.This deformation can substantially limit the life of the touch-sensitive sensor.

Le but de la présente invention est donc de proposer un commutateur électrique possédant un retour haptique réalisé à faible coût, dont la durée de vie est allongée.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrical switch having a haptic return made at low cost, the life of which is elongated.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un commutateur électrique à surface tactile comportant un capteur comprenant une surface tactile sensible à une pression d'appui et comportant un dôme cloquant, caractérisé en ce que le dôme cloquant est disposé au-dessus d'une zone de commutation du capteur et que la base dudit dôme repose sur des zones mortes du capteur de manière que le sommet du dôme cloquant soit en contact avec la zone de commutation du capteur dans une position active de commutation, la déformation du dôme cloquant générant un retour haptique à un utilisateur.To this end, the subject of the invention is an electrical switch with a tactile surface comprising a sensor comprising a tactile surface responsive to a pressing pressure and comprising a blistering dome, characterized in that the blistering dome is disposed above a switch zone of the sensor and that the base of said dome rests on dead zones of the sensor so that the top of the blister dome is in contact with the switching zone of the sensor in an active switching position, the deformation of the blistering dome generating a haptic feedback to a user.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de l'invention, ainsi que des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma vu de dessus d'une partie d'un commutateur électrique selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2a, 2b et 2c représentent trois vues schématiques de coté et en coupe du commutateur électrique de la figure 1 selon trois phases de fonctionnement successives,
  • la figure 3 est un schéma vu de dessus d'une variante de réalisation du commutateur électrique.
Other advantages and characteristics will appear on reading the description of the invention, as well as the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a diagram seen from above of a portion of an electrical switch according to the invention,
  • the Figures 2a, 2b and 2c represent three schematic side and sectional views of the electrical switch of the figure 1 according to three successive phases of operation,
  • the figure 3 is a diagram seen from above of an alternative embodiment of the electrical switch.

Sur ces figures, les éléments identiques portent les mêmes numéros de référence.In these figures, the identical elements bear the same reference numbers.

La figure 1 représente une partie d'un commutateur électrique 1 à surface tactile 3 pour, par exemple, commander un mécanisme motorisé (non représenté) d'ouverture et/ou de fermeture d'un ouvrant, tel que par exemple une vitre d'un véhicule automobile, un toit ouvrant ou encore le coffre / hayon / porte coulissante motorisé d'un véhicule.The figure 1 represents a portion of an electrical switch 1 with a tactile surface 3 for, for example, controlling a motorized mechanism (not shown) for opening and / or closing an opening, such as for example a window of a motor vehicle , a sunroof or the boot / tailgate / motorized sliding door of a vehicle.

Bien entendu, ce type de dispositif peut être adapté à toute autre commande électrique de véhicule automobile comme une commande de siège électrique ou des commandes de lumière telles qu'une liseuse de plafonnier ou un éclairage d'ambiance.Of course, this type of device can be adapted to any other electrical control of a motor vehicle such as an electric seat control or light controls such as a ceiling lamp or ambient lighting.

Le commutateur 1 comporte d'une part, un capteur 7 dont la surface tactile 3 est sensible à une pression d'appui et d'autre part, un dôme cloquant 9, situé juste au-dessus du capteur 7.The switch 1 comprises, on the one hand, a sensor 7 whose tactile surface 3 is sensitive to a pressing pressure and, on the other hand, a blistering dome 9 situated just above the sensor 7.

Les capteurs à surface tactile, tels que des capteurs utilisant des résistances sensibles à la pression (également connus sous le nom de capteur FSR pour « Force Sensing Resistor ») permettent de détecter un appui du doigt d'un utilisateur et, en fonction de l'effort exercé sur la surface et/ou de la position de l'appui détecté et/ou du déplacement ultérieur de cet appui sur la surface, de déclencher un type particulier d'action ou de commande d'organe.Sensors with a touch surface, such as sensors using pressure-sensitive resistors (also known as the FSR sensor for "Force Sensing Resistor") can detect a user's finger pressure and, depending on the force exerted on the surface and / or the position of the detected support and / or the subsequent displacement of this support on the surface, to trigger a particular type of action or organ control.

Avantageusement, le commutateur 1 comporte en outre un revêtement souple de protection (non représenté), de préférence en silicone pour couvrir et protéger la surface tactile 3 et le dôme cloquant 9. Le revêtement peut alors présenter la forme d'un clavier de commande.Advantageously, the switch 1 further comprises a flexible protective coating (not shown), preferably silicone to cover and protect the touch surface 3 and the blister dome 9. The coating can then have the shape of a control keyboard.

Le capteur 7 comporte au moins deux couches sensibles 10 et 12 superposées et maintenues séparées par une entretoise 11 isolante électriquement, comme visible sur les figures 2a à 2c.The sensor 7 comprises at least two sensitive layers 10 and 12 superimposed and kept separated by an electrically insulating spacer 11, as visible on the Figures 2a to 2c .

Les zones du capteur 7 séparées par une entretoise isolante électriquement 11 entre deux couches sensibles 10 et 12, forment des régions inactives du capteur 7, également appelées zones mortes 14. Ces zones mortes 14 peuvent être traversées par des passages du signal du capteur 7.The areas of the sensor 7 separated by an electrically insulating spacer 11 between two sensitive layers 10 and 12, form inactive regions of the sensor 7, also called dead zones 14. These dead zones 14 may be traversed by passages of the signal from the sensor 7.

Par ailleurs, les couches souples 10 et 12 portent sur des faces mutuellement en regard, des éléments conducteurs électriques 16a et 16b permettant de réaliser un contact électrique lors de la compression du capteur dans une zone active, dite zone de commutation 13.Moreover, the flexible layers 10 and 12 bear faces facing each other, electrical conductor elements 16a and 16b making it possible to make an electrical contact during the compression of the sensor in an active zone, called the switching zone 13.

Les zones de commutations 13 du capteur 7, sont par exemple, formées lorsque l'entretoise 11 comporte une ouverture par laquelle les couches conductrices 10 et 12 superposées peuvent entrer en contact, pour commander dans ces zones 13, une fonction électrique spécifique.The switching areas 13 of the sensor 7, for example, are formed when the spacer 11 has an opening through which the conductive layers 10 and 12 superimposed can come into contact, to control in these areas 13, a specific electrical function.

Le dôme cloquant 9 (aussi désigné "cloquant" ou "dôme") est élastique et de préférence métallique ou en plastique.The blister dome 9 (also referred to as "blistering" or "dome") is resilient and preferably metallic or plastic.

Il comporte une base et un sommet 15 sur lequel est exercée la force nécessaire à la déformation du cloquant 9.It comprises a base and a top 15 on which is exerted the force necessary for the deformation of the blister 9.

Par exemple, le dôme cloquant 9 comporte une forme générale sensiblement concave dont la base comporte au moins trois pattes régulièrement réparties.For example, the blister dome 9 has a generally concave general shape whose base comprises at least three regularly distributed tabs.

De préférence, et comme visible sur la figure 1, le dôme cloquant 9 comporte une forme générale sensiblement en forme de croix (vue depuis le capteur 7), dont la base comporte quatre pattes 17a à 17d diamétralement opposées.Preferably, and as visible on the figure 1 , the blister dome 9 has a generally substantially cross-shaped shape (seen from the sensor 7), the base of which comprises four tabs 17a to 17d diametrically opposite.

De préférence, chaque patte 17a-d présente la forme d'une lame élastique dirigée vers le sommet 15 avec une légère inclinaison.Preferably, each tab 17a-d has the shape of an elastic blade directed towards the apex 15 with a slight inclination.

Selon l'invention, le dôme cloquant 9 est disposé au-dessus d'une zone de commutation 13 du capteur 7 et la base du dôme 9 repose sur des zones mortes 14 du capteur 7 (figure 2a).According to the invention, the blistering dome 9 is disposed above a switching zone 13 of the sensor 7 and the base of the dome 9 rests on dead zones 14 of the sensor 7 (FIG. figure 2a ).

Par exemple, l'extrémité libre de chaque patte 17a-d repose sur une zone morte 14 du capteur 7.For example, the free end of each tab 17a-d rests on a dead zone 14 of the sensor 7.

Ainsi, le dôme 9 est positionné juste au-dessus du capteur 7, la zone de commutation 13 du capteur 7 étant située à l'aplomb du sommet 15 de la partie concave du cloquant 9.Thus, the dome 9 is positioned just above the sensor 7, the switching zone 13 of the sensor 7 being located vertically above the apex 15 of the concave part of the blister 9.

Le dôme cloquant 9 est en outre apte à prendre une position active de commutation (figure 2c) dans laquelle le sommet 15 du dôme cloquant 9 est en contact avec la zone de commutation 13 du capteur 7, la déformation du dôme cloquant 9 générant un retour haptique à un utilisateur.The blistering dome 9 is furthermore able to assume an active switching position ( Figure 2c ) in which the top 15 of the blister dome 9 is in contact with the switching zone 13 of the sensor 7, the deformation of the blistering dome 9 generating a haptic feedback to a user.

Ainsi, l'inflexion du dôme cloquant 9 permet d'effectuer une commutation par déformation du dôme 9 contre une zone active 13 du capteur 7, reliant les couches 10 et 12 électriquement (figure 2c) par contact des éléments conducteurs 16a et 16b.Thus, the inflection of the blistering dome 9 makes it possible to switch by deformation of the dome 9 against an active zone 13 of the sensor 7, connecting the layers 10 and 12 electrically ( Figure 2c ) by contact of the conductive elements 16a and 16b.

La disposition de la base du cloquant 9 sur des zones mortes 14, permet en outre de s'assurer que seul le sommet 15 du cloquant 9 peut activer le capteur 7.The arrangement of the base of the blister 9 on dead zones 14, further ensures that only the top 15 of the blister 9 can activate the sensor 7.

Ainsi, seule la couche supérieure 10 du capteur 7 est sollicitée en flexion par la déformation du sommet 15 du cloquant 9, et la force nécessaire à l'activation du cloquant 9 n'est pas transmise au capteur 7 à surface tactile 3.Thus, only the upper layer 10 of the sensor 7 is biased in bending by the deformation of the apex 15 of the blister 9, and the force necessary for the activation of the blister 9 is not transmitted to the sensor 7 with a tactile surface 3.

Le capteur 7 est donc préservé de l'effort exercé sur le cloquant 9 pour le déformer.The sensor 7 is thus preserved from the force exerted on the blister 9 to deform it.

Le cloquant 9 permet en outre la génération d'un retour d'information haptique à l'utilisateur qui, à la différence des dispositifs de l'art antérieur, est complètement synchronisé avec le contact électrique et qui n'implique pas la déformation simultanée du capteur 7.The blister 9 furthermore makes it possible to generate a haptic feedback to the user which, unlike the devices of the prior art, is completely synchronized with the electrical contact and which does not imply the simultaneous deformation of the sensor 7.

En effet, si la force fournie par l'utilisateur est trop faible, le contact ne sera pas établi au niveau du capteur 7 et le cloquant 9 ne sera pas déformé. Il y aura donc ni commutation, ni retour haptique.Indeed, if the force supplied by the user is too weak, the contact will not be established at the sensor 7 and the blister 9 will not be deformed. There will be no switching or haptic feedback.

Par ailleurs, le cloquant 9 ne peut pas être déformé en position active de commutation sans qu'une commutation ne soit réalisée.Furthermore, the blister 9 can not be deformed into the active switching position without switching.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, l'entretoise 11 présente une ouverture 19 au niveau du dôme cloquant 9 pour former une zone de commutation 13 par laquelle le cloquant 9 peut établir un contact avec le capteur 7.According to an advantageous embodiment, the spacer 11 has an opening 19 at the blister dome 9 to form a switching zone 13 through which the blister 9 can make contact with the sensor 7.

L'ouverture 19 présente avantageusement une forme sensiblement circulaire dont le centre correspond au sommet 15 du dôme cloquant 9.The opening 19 advantageously has a substantially circular shape whose center corresponds to the top 15 of the blistering dome 9.

La zone morte 14 est donc formée par la partie hachurée de la figure 1, située autour de l'ouverture 19 de l'entretoise 11.The dead zone 14 is thus formed by the hatched portion of the figure 1 located around the opening 19 of the spacer 11.

La figure 3 illustre une variante de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle le commutateur 1 comporte un isolant électrique supplémentaire 21, tel que du vernis comme par exemple un vernis diélectrique, compris entre la base du dôme 9 et la partie supérieure du capteur 7.The figure 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the invention, wherein the switch 1 comprises an additional electrical insulator 21, such as varnish such as a dielectric varnish, between the base of the dome 9 and the upper part of the sensor 7.

Dans cette variante, les zones mortes 14 du capteur sont formées par les zones 14 comportant l'isolant électrique supplémentaire 21 (rectangles hachurés sur la figure 3).In this variant, the dead zones 14 of the sensor are formed by the zones 14 comprising the additional electrical insulator 21 (hatched rectangles on the figure 3 ).

Lors d'une commutation, le commutateur 1 est initialement dans la position de repos schématisé par la figure 2a.When switching, the switch 1 is initially in the idle position schematized by the figure 2a .

Puis, l'actionnement de la surface active 3 par un utilisateur provoque la déformation du dôme cloquant 9, de manière à permettre au cloquant 9 d'atteindre sa course d'actionnement.Then, the actuation of the active surface 3 by a user causes the deformation of the blister dome 9, so as to allow the blister 9 to reach its actuating stroke.

La figure 2b représente une vue intermédiaire dans laquelle le dôme cloquant 9 est dans une position intermédiaire instable, en cours d'activation par l'utilisateur.The figure 2b represents an intermediate view in which the blistering dome 9 is in an unstable intermediate position, being activated by the user.

Tant que la transition du cloquant 9 n'est pas atteinte, il y a ni retour haptique, ni contact électrique au niveau du capteur 7.As long as the transition of the blister 9 is not reached, there is neither haptic feedback nor electrical contact at the sensor 7.

Puis, en fin de course d'actionnement, le commutateur 1 prend la deuxième position active représentée par la figure 2c.Then, at the end of the actuating stroke, the switch 1 takes the second active position represented by the Figure 2c .

Le sommet 15 est défléchi par élasticité et appuie contre la zone de commutation 13 du capteur 7, déformant la couche supérieure 10 du capteur 7.The top 15 is deflected by elasticity and presses against the switching zone 13 of the sensor 7, deforming the upper layer 10 of the sensor 7.

La déformation du sommet 15 du dôme provoque un retour haptique à l'utilisateur d'une part et d'autre part établit une liaison électrique entre les deux couches 10 et 12.The deformation of the top 15 of the dome causes a haptic feedback to the user on the one hand and on the other hand establishes an electrical connection between the two layers 10 and 12.

On comprend donc qu'un tel commutateur électrique dont le sommet 15 du dôme 9 est disposé au-dessus d'une zone de commutation 13 du capteur à surface tactile 7, et dont la base du dôme 9 repose sur des zones mortes 14 du capteur 7, permet de générer un retour haptique à un utilisateur synchronisé avec la commutation, améliorant la durée de vie du capteur 7, robuste et de faible coût.It is therefore understood that such an electrical switch whose apex 15 of the dome 9 is disposed above a switching zone 13 of the touch-sensitive surface sensor 7, and whose base of the dome 9 rests on the dead zones 14 of the sensor 7, generates a haptic feedback to a user synchronized with the switching, improving the life of the sensor 7, robust and low cost.

Claims (8)

  1. Electric switch with tactile surface (3) containing a sensor (7) comprising a tactile surface sensitive to pressure and containing a blister dome (9) arranged above a switching region (13) of the sensor (7), the base of said dome (9) resting on dead regions (14) of the sensor (7) in such a way that the apex (15) of the blister dome (9) is in contact with the switching region of the sensor (7) in an active switching position, the deformation of the blister dome (9) generating haptic feedback to a user, characterized in that the haptic feedback and the electrical contact at the sensor (7) are made to occur from the moment that the transition of the blister is reached.
  2. Switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the blister dome (9) contains a substantially concave general shape of which the base contains at least three regularly distributed legs.
  3. Switch according to either one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor (7) contains two sensitive layers (10 and 12) separated by an electrically insulating spacer (11) forming a dead region (14), the spacer (11) having an aperture (19) at the level of the blister dome (9) to form a switching region (13).
  4. Switch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the aperture (19) has a substantially circular shape whose centre corresponds to the apex (15) of the blister dome (9).
  5. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains an additional electrical insulator (21) lying between the base (17 a-d) of the dome (9) and the sensor (7).
  6. Switch according to Claim 5, characterized in that the additional electrical insulator (21) is varnish.
  7. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blister dome (9) is metallic or plastic.
  8. Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a protective coating, of silicon for example, to cover the blister dome (9) and the tactile surface (3) of the switch.
EP20080105359 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Electric switch with tactile surface Active EP2037473B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0706528A FR2921197B1 (en) 2007-09-17 2007-09-17 ELECTRICAL SWITCH WITH TOUCH SURFACE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2037473A1 EP2037473A1 (en) 2009-03-18
EP2037473B1 true EP2037473B1 (en) 2013-11-06

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EP20080105359 Active EP2037473B1 (en) 2007-09-17 2008-09-16 Electric switch with tactile surface

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EP (1) EP2037473B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2921197B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4463234A (en) * 1983-11-02 1984-07-31 Centralab Inc. Tactile feel membrane switch assembly
US5136131A (en) * 1985-05-31 1992-08-04 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Push-button switch including a sheet provided with a plurality of domed members
US4810992A (en) 1986-01-17 1989-03-07 Interlink Electronics, Inc. Digitizer pad
US5008497A (en) 1990-03-22 1991-04-16 Asher David J Touch controller
CA2082136C (en) 1991-11-08 1998-01-06 Hiroshi Tsujioka Coordinates input device
LU88033A1 (en) 1991-11-13 1993-05-17 Iee Sarl Digitizing tablet
US5561278A (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-10-01 Rutten; Phillip Membrane switch
EP1429356A1 (en) 2002-12-09 2004-06-16 IEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS & ENGINEERING S.A. Foil-type switching element with dielectric layer
EP1429355A1 (en) 2002-12-09 2004-06-16 IEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS & ENGINEERING S.A. Foil-type switching element
WO2006045209A2 (en) 2004-10-26 2006-05-04 Dätwyler I/O Devices Ag Input device

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Publication number Publication date
EP2037473A1 (en) 2009-03-18
FR2921197A1 (en) 2009-03-20
FR2921197B1 (en) 2014-11-21

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