EP2463882A1 - Compact double-contact secured pushbutton switch - Google Patents

Compact double-contact secured pushbutton switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2463882A1
EP2463882A1 EP11192477A EP11192477A EP2463882A1 EP 2463882 A1 EP2463882 A1 EP 2463882A1 EP 11192477 A EP11192477 A EP 11192477A EP 11192477 A EP11192477 A EP 11192477A EP 2463882 A1 EP2463882 A1 EP 2463882A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dome
upper dome
contact
push
collapse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11192477A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2463882B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Louis Bigand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2463882A1 publication Critical patent/EP2463882A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2463882B1 publication Critical patent/EP2463882B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/64—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches
    • H01H13/66—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member wherein the switch has more than two electrically distinguishable positions, e.g. multi-position push-button switches the operating member having only two positions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/803—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the switching function thereof, e.g. normally closed contacts or consecutive operation of contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
    • H01H13/807—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the spatial arrangement of the contact sites, e.g. superimposed sites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
    • H01H13/88—Processes specially adapted for manufacture of rectilinearly movable switches having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/26—Snap-action arrangements depending upon deformation of elastic members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H2001/0005—Redundant contact pairs in one switch for safety reasons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2203/00—Form of contacts
    • H01H2203/036—Form of contacts to solve particular problems
    • H01H2203/038—Form of contacts to solve particular problems to be bridged by a dome shaped contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00—Actuators
    • H01H2221/024—Transmission element
    • H01H2221/026—Guiding or lubricating nylon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/002—Switch site location superimposed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/008—Two different sites for one circuit, e.g. for safety
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2225/00—Switch site location
    • H01H2225/018—Consecutive operations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compact dual-contact secure push switch. It applies in particular to the field of single-function push-button electrical switches, or redundant or secure function, for the engagement of critical functions, for example used in the aeronautical field.
  • Push switches type “dome” switches sometimes referred to in English terminology “dome switches” are particularly commonly used in aircraft dashboards.
  • the electrical switching is effected by the collapse or “deflection” of a conductive elastic blistering dome against two conductors to be connected.
  • Dome switches are not intrinsically equipped with systems to provide electrical redundancy; however, there are known solutions of the art, secure dome switches.
  • a switch allows by a mechanical action, the activation of two electrical contacts positioned next to each other and activated by the same surface of the switch.
  • the assembly can form a push switch that can be reported for example on the front of a dashboard, for example by welding.
  • a disadvantage of this technical solution lies in the fact that the realization of such a switch is difficult, insofar as the two electrical contacts must be activated simultaneously.
  • the simultaneous activation of the two electrical contacts is all the more delicate when the pressing of the switch of the switch is operated on the edges or the stop thereof. Indeed, in such a case, it is possible that only one contact on both is done. It is possible to overcome this disadvantage by equipping the switch with precise guiding devices, to the detriment of the cost of manufacture, and at the cost of parasitic friction affecting comfort for the user.
  • the guiding systems may cause switch blocking problems, for example due to bracing phenomena.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome at least the aforementioned drawbacks, by providing a secure pusher switch of compact structure, and providing improved comfort of use.
  • An advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the practical realization of a switch according to one of the embodiments described, has a reasonable cost.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that a switch according to one of the described embodiments offers improved reliability, reliability and service life.
  • the invention relates to a push-button comprising a plunger, characterized in that the plunger causes, under the action of a pressure by a user, the depression of an upper dome disposed above switching means, any collapse of the upper dome necessarily causing the collapse of the switching means, the ridge of the upper dome and the switching means having a low position, a first electrical contact being made between a primary contact and a secondary contact of the upper dome forming a first electrical circuit when the ridge of the upper dome is in the low position, and a second electrical contact being made between a primary contact and a secondary contact switching means forming a second electrical circuit when the switching means are in the low position.
  • the switching means may be formed by a lower dome.
  • the switching means may be formed by a flexible metal strip.
  • the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome is greater than the effort required for collapse of the lower dome.
  • the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the flexible metal sipe .
  • said first and second electrical circuits may not have an electric common mode.
  • said first and second electrical circuits can ensure the activation of a redundant or secure function.
  • the pusher switch may comprise an intermediate movable part disposed below the upper dome and above the switching means, the intermediate mobile part being electrically conductive at least in its upper part, and connected electrically to the secondary contact of the upper dome, the collapse of the upper dome causing the closing of said first electrical circuit, and the depression of the switching means being driven by the displacement of the intermediate movable part, the upper surface of the lower dome and / or the lower surface of the intermediate movable part being electrically insulating.
  • the intermediate movable part may be disposed on a flexible and electrically conductive beam, the beam being fixed at at least one point of the secondary contact of the upper dome by fixing means.
  • said primary contact and / or the secondary contact of the upper dome, and / or the primary contact and / or the secondary contact of the switching means can be formed by metallizations carried out on a card of circuit board or encapsulated metal strips.
  • the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the depression of the lower dome is initiated after reversing the upper dome, the stroke-effort characteristics of the upper and lower dome allowing the collapse of the upper and lower dome by means of effort at most equal to the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome alone.
  • the push switch according to one of the embodiments of the invention can be directly attached to a printed circuit board.
  • the push-button switch according to one of the embodiments of the invention may be placed in a box that can be attached to a dashboard.
  • a push switch 1 may comprise, in an exemplary embodiment, an actuator or “plunger” 10.
  • the plunger 10 is disposed above the ridge of an upper dome 11 made of an electrically conductive material.
  • Switching means for example formed by a lower dome 12, are arranged below the upper dome 11.
  • the upper dome 11 comprises in particular a lower surface 11a and an upper surface 11b.
  • the lower dome 12 comprises a lower surface 12a and an upper surface 12b.
  • the diameter of the upper dome 11 is chosen larger than the diameter of the lower dome 12.
  • the collapse of the upper dome 11 must systematically cause the collapse of the lower dome 12, so that that the same activation force exerted by the user on the plunger 10, allows the collapse of the two domes 11, 12.
  • the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the lower dome 12.
  • An intermediate movable part 13 is arranged between the upper dome 11 and the lower dome 12.
  • the plunger 10 and the domes 11, 12 may for example be symmetrical about a vertical axis, the plunger 10 being for example disposed in a cage not shown in the figure, limiting its movements to a degree of freedom in the direction of the vertical axis.
  • the plunger 10, the domes 11, 12 and the intermediate movable part 13 have main axes aligned with the aforementioned vertical axis.
  • the plunger 10 may be made of an elastomer-type material whose characteristics provide a good comfort for a user exerting pressure on it, and may for example be covered with a flexible cover made of an elastomeric material, or a rigid cover, not shown in the figures.
  • the upper dome 11 rests on a primary contact 111 and is in electrical contact with the latter.
  • the contact primary 111 may for example be formed by a metal track of a printed circuit board. At rest, that is to say in the absence of force exerted on it, the peak of the upper dome 11 occupies a nominal position called "high".
  • the lower dome 12 rests on a primary contact 121 and is in electrical contact with the latter, which may for example also be formed by a metal track of a printed circuit board.
  • a primary contact 121 When an appropriate pressure is exerted on the lower dome 12, the ridge thereof comes, after deflection, in contact with a secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12.
  • the lower surface 12a of the lower dome 12 is electrically conductive.
  • the electrical contact is established between the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12.
  • the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12 are substantially in the same plane, and may for example both be formed by metallizations formed on a printed circuit board.
  • the deflection of the lower dome 12 is effected by the displacement of the intermediate movable part 13.
  • the displacement of the intermediate movable part 13 is caused by the deflection of the upper dome 11, itself caused by the pressure by a user of the plunger 10.
  • the peak of the upper dome 11 occupies in the absence of forces exerted on the plunger 10, a so-called "high" nominal position, and a low position after deflection. Also, the lower surface 11a of the upper dome 11 is electrically conductive.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 is made of an electrically conductive material, at least in its upper part.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 is electrically connected to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome 11.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 can be physically and electrically connected to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome 11 via a beam 130 made of a conductive material, for example a metal leaf spring traversed by the workpiece Intermediate mobile 13.
  • the beam 130 must be designed to generate a minimum of disruptive efforts when it deforms.
  • the beam 130 may be attached to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome, at one or a plurality of points, for example by welding, or by screwing, crimping or any other known means of attachment.
  • the intermediate moving part 13 is shown encased in the beam 130, and consequently the intermediate movable part 13 is not in direct contact, when the upper dome 11 is depressed, with the lower surface 11a of the upper dome 11.
  • the intermediate moving part 13 can be made entirely of an electrically insulating material, and it is the beam 130 which ensures the electrical contact between the primary contact 111 and the secondary contact 112 when the lower surface 11a of the dome upper 11 is in contact with the beam 130; it is then not necessary that the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 is electrically insulating.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 may for example be entirely electrically conductive, and for example protrude from either side of the beam 130 and then be directly in contact at its upper part, with the lower surface. 11a of the upper dome 11, when the upper dome 11 is depressed; in such a case it is necessary that the lower part of the intermediate movable part 13 and / or the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 is electrically insulating, for example by being covered with an insulating film.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 is mechanically independent of the upper and lower domes 11 and 11.
  • the intermediate movable part 13 also has the advantage of forming a suitable actuator for the smaller diameter of the lower dome. 12, that is to say an actuator whose dimensions can be chosen to be compatible with the dimensions of the lower dome 12. In this way, it is possible to ensure a longer service life of the dome of smaller diameter.
  • the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 and / or the lower surface of the intermediate movable part 13 may for example be covered with an electrically insulating material, formed for example by a layer of varnish or an insulating film or by adding a piece made of a plastic material.
  • the elements forming the chain comprising in particular: upper dome 11, intermediate movable part 13, lower dome 12 and secondary contact 122 of the dome lower 12 are not in direct contact with each other.
  • the upper and lower domes 11, 12 are after deflection in their respective lower positions, all the aforementioned elements are in contact with each other, and the first and second aforementioned electrical circuits are then closed .
  • the displacement of the plunger 10 then imposes, via the intermediate elements situated between the latter and the lower dome 12, a displacement of the ridge of the lower dome 12 until it reaches a stop, where the electrical contact between the surface lower 12a of the lower dome 12 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12 is established, that is to say, where the second electrical circuit is closed, as illustrated by the figure 1 f.
  • the dimensioning of the upper and lower domes 11, 12, of the intermediate movable part 13, the configuration and the characteristics of the aforementioned elements, are defined so that the deflection of the upper dome 11 causes the deflection of the lower dome 12, and that the closing of the two aforementioned electrical circuits is carried out simultaneously or quasi-simultaneous, typically in an interval of the order of a microsecond, corresponding to the sequence of configurations described above and illustrated by the figures 1 a to 1 f.
  • the stroke-effort characteristics of the domes 11, 12 are defined so that the tactile sensation of the user is similar to the sensation provided by the pressure of a simple switch of the conventional type.
  • the effort required by the user to cause the collapse of the two domes 11, 12 may advantageously be at most equal to the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 alone.
  • switching means of the lower electric circuit are formed by the lower dome 12.
  • the switching means of the lower circuit can also be formed by alternative devices, and the lower dome 12 can thus for example be substituted by a flexible metal strip, having a position in which the latter does not come into contact with the secondary contact 122, and a position which can be assimilated to a collapsed position of the lower dome 12, in which the leaflet is in contact with the secondary contact 122, the second electric circuit being thus closed.
  • a flexible metal strip having a position in which the latter does not come into contact with the secondary contact 122, and a position which can be assimilated to a collapsed position of the lower dome 12, in which the leaflet is in contact with the secondary contact 122, the second electric circuit being thus closed.
  • the figure 2 presents curves illustrating stress curves relative to a push switch according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • a first force curve 21 represents the force applied to the ridge of the upper dome 11, as a function of the stroke thereof, from its high position to its low position.
  • a second force curve 22 represents the force applied to the ridge of the lower dome 12, as a function of the stroke thereof, from its high position to its low position.
  • the effort to be exerted by the user is increasing as soon as the depression of the upper dome is initiated, to a point illustrated by the top of the first stress curve 21, corresponding to the overturning of the upper dome. From the turning point, the force decreases until the complete deflection of the upper dome, corresponding to a point of mechanical stop and electrical connection.
  • the shape of the first force curve 21 is substantially symmetrical around the vertical axis passing through the turning point.
  • the force exerted on the lower dome increases as soon as the depression of the lower dome is initiated, until at a point illustrated by the top of the second force curve 22, corresponding to the inversion of the lower dome. From the turning point, the force decreases until the complete deflection of the lower dome, corresponding to a point of mechanical stop and electrical connection.
  • the shape of the second force curve 22 is substantially symmetrical about the vertical axis passing through the turning point.
  • the depression of the lower dome is initiated after the overturning of the upper dome.
  • the effort to be exerted over the entire stroke of the latter until electrical switching of the two electrical circuits is equal to the sum of the forces applying to the two domes .
  • the plunger is formed by a material having a relative elasticity, the reaction to the effort exerted by the user for switching purposes is perceived almost continuously, because of the elastic characteristics of the material forming the plunger on the one hand, and elastic characteristics of the end of the finger of the user exerting the pressure force.
  • the elastomeric plunger erases the tactile discontinuity of the lower dome 12 by restoring the energy stored during its compression during the rise phase of the effort.
  • the figure 3a presents the stroke-effort curve relative to an example of practical realization of the upper dome.
  • the force exerted on the dome increases continuously with the course of the ridge thereof, up to a first characteristic point 31 corresponding to the upturn of the upper dome. From the first characteristic point 31, the force decreases continuously with the stroke, to a second characteristic point 32, corresponding to a mechanical stop, and to the electrical switching.
  • the figure 3b presents the stroke-effort curve relative to an example of practical realization of the lower dome.
  • the curve has a similar appearance to the curve relating to the upper dome described with reference to the figure 3a ; however, the races and the efforts are significantly less.
  • the stroke-effort curve relative to the lower dome has a first characteristic point 41 corresponding to the inversion of the lower dome, and a second characteristic point 42 corresponding to the mechanical stop and the electrical switching provided by the lower dome.
  • the figure 3c presents the stroke-effort curve relative to a practical embodiment of the upper dome disposed above the lower dome via an intermediate movable part.
  • the shape of the stroke-effort curve is identical to the stroke-effort curve of the upper dome alone.
  • the stroke-effort curve then represents the superposition of the two curves illustrated with reference to the figures 3a and 3b .
  • the effort decreases as the stroke increases, to a break point 52 corresponding to the total collapse of the upper dome. From the point of break 52, the force increases slightly with the race to a turning point 53 of the lower dome. Then the force decreases when the stroke increases, to a point of mechanical stop and electrical contact 54.
  • the figure 3d presents the stroke-effort curve relative to a practical embodiment of the upper dome disposed above the lower dome via the intermediate mobile part in a configuration identical to the configuration illustrated by the curves of the figure 3c in the presence of an elastomeric plunger.
  • the stroke-effort curve then has a look similar to the race-effort curve illustrated by the figure 3c .
  • the use of the elastomeric plunger makes it possible to "erase” the discontinuities, and to offer the user a tactile sensation similar to the tactile sensation caused by an action on a single dome switch.
  • the stroke-stress curve has indeed an increasing pace up to a turning point 61 corresponding to the upturn of the upper dome, then a decreasing speed to a point of mechanical stop and electrical contact 62.
  • the figure 4 shows a sectional view illustrating an example of a push-switch according to an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the lower dome is substituted by a flexible metal strip 42.
  • the example illustrated by FIG. figure 4 corresponds to a configuration of the switch 1 similar to the configuration described above with reference to the figure 1 f that is, a configuration in which the first and second electrical circuits are closed.
  • the plunger 10, the upper dome 11 comprising a lower surface 11a and an upper surface 11b, the primary contact 111, intermediate moving part 13, the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 can be configured similarly to the example described with reference to Figures 1a to 1 f.
  • the lower dome may be replaced by a flexible metal strip 42, one end of which may for example be attached to a portion of the primary contact 121, by fastening means 421 such as a screw or a weld spot, or any other means known fastening, the other end of the flexible metal strip 42 resting for example on another part of the primary contact 121.
  • the blade 42 is in a low position comparable to the collapsed position of the lower dome, and its central portion is in contact with the secondary contact 122, thus ensuring the closure of the second electrical circuit.
  • the upper dome 11 and the lamella 42 can be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the lamella 42.

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  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The switch (1) has a plunger (10) driving an upper dome (11) placed above a switching unit formed of a lower dome (12) and flexible metal strip under action of pressure by a user. The dome is collapsed to cause collapse of the switching unit. An electric contact formed between primary and secondary contacts (111, 112) of the upper dome forms an electric circuit when a ridge of the dome is in low position. Another electric contact formed between primary and secondary contacts (121, 122) of the switching unit forms another electric circuit when the switching unit is in low position.

Description

La présente invention concerne un commutateur à poussoir sécurisé compact à double contact. Elle s'applique notamment au domaine des commutateurs électriques à poussoir mono-fonction, ou à fonction redondée ou sécurisée, destinés à l'enclenchement de fonctions critiques, par exemple utilisé dans le domaine aéronautique.The present invention relates to a compact dual-contact secure push switch. It applies in particular to the field of single-function push-button electrical switches, or redundant or secure function, for the engagement of critical functions, for example used in the aeronautical field.

Les commutateurs électriques destinés à l'enclenchement de fonctions critiques, utilisés par exemple sur des planches de bord d'aéronefs, doivent répondre à un certain nombre de contraintes. Notamment, certaines fonctions requièrent que leur mise en opération soit effectuée via la pression sur un commutateur redondé d'un point de vue électrique, c'est-à-dire établissant simultanément le contact électrique pour au moins deux circuits électriques mettant par exemple en oeuvre une fonction unique, les deux circuits électriques ne présentant pas de mode électrique commun. C'est par exemple le cas, dans des aéronefs, pour des commutateurs d'enclenchement d'un dispositif de pilote automatique. Pour de telles applications, il est également préférable que les commutateurs disposés sur la planche de bord soient de structure compacte. En outre, il est souhaitable que la sensation tactile procurée à un utilisateur par le commutateur lors d'une action sur celui-ci soit agréable, et restitue une information en retour permettant à l'utilisateur de confirmer le bon aboutissement de l'action initiée.Electrical switches intended to engage critical functions, used for example on aircraft dashboards, must meet a certain number of constraints. In particular, certain functions require that they be put into operation by pressing an electrically redundant switch, that is to say simultaneously establishing the electrical contact for at least two electrical circuits implementing, for example, a single function, the two electrical circuits not having a common electrical mode. This is for example the case, in aircraft, for engagement switches of an autopilot device. For such applications, it is also preferable that the switches arranged on the dashboard are of compact structure. In addition, it is desirable that the tactile sensation provided to a user by the switch during an action on it is pleasant, and provides feedback in return for the user to confirm the successful completion of the action initiated .

Des commutateurs à poussoir de type commutateurs "à dômes", parfois désignés suivant la terminologie anglaise "dome switches" sont notamment communément utilisés dans les planches de bord d'aéronefs. Dans ce type de commutateurs, la commutation électrique s'effectue par l'effondrement ou "déflexion" d'un dôme cloquant élastique conducteur contre deux conducteurs à relier. Les commutateurs à dôme ne sont pas intrinsèquement pourvus de systèmes permettant d'assurer la redondance électrique ; cependant, il existe des solutions connues de la technique, de commutateurs à dôme sécurisés. Notamment, selon une technique connue, un commutateur permet par une action mécanique, l'activation de deux contacts électriques positionnés l'un à côté de l'autre et activés par une même surface du commutateur. L'ensemble peut former un commutateur à poussoir qu'il est possible de rapporter par exemple en face avant d'une planche de bord, par exemple par soudage. Un inconvénient lié à cette solution technique, réside dans le fait que la réalisation d'un tel commutateur est délicate, dans la mesure où les deux contacts électriques doivent être activés simultanément. L'activation simultanée des deux contacts électriques est d'autant plus délicate lorsque l'appui du poussoir du commutateur est opéré sur les bords ou bien l'arrête de celui-ci. En effet, dans un tel cas, il est possible que seul un contact sur les deux se fasse. Il est possible de pallier cet inconvénient en équipant le commutateur de dispositifs de guidage précis, au détriment du coût de fabrication, et au prix de frottements parasites nuisant au confort pour l'utilisateur. En outre les systèmes de guidage peuvent entraîner des problèmes de blocage du commutateur, dus par exemple à des phénomènes d'arc-boutement.Push switches type "dome" switches, sometimes referred to in English terminology "dome switches" are particularly commonly used in aircraft dashboards. In this type of switch, the electrical switching is effected by the collapse or "deflection" of a conductive elastic blistering dome against two conductors to be connected. Dome switches are not intrinsically equipped with systems to provide electrical redundancy; however, there are known solutions of the art, secure dome switches. In particular, according to a known technique, a switch allows by a mechanical action, the activation of two electrical contacts positioned next to each other and activated by the same surface of the switch. The assembly can form a push switch that can be reported for example on the front of a dashboard, for example by welding. A disadvantage of this technical solution lies in the fact that the realization of such a switch is difficult, insofar as the two electrical contacts must be activated simultaneously. The simultaneous activation of the two electrical contacts is all the more delicate when the pressing of the switch of the switch is operated on the edges or the stop thereof. Indeed, in such a case, it is possible that only one contact on both is done. It is possible to overcome this disadvantage by equipping the switch with precise guiding devices, to the detriment of the cost of manufacture, and at the cost of parasitic friction affecting comfort for the user. In addition, the guiding systems may cause switch blocking problems, for example due to bracing phenomena.

Un but de la présente invention est de pallier au moins les inconvénients précités, en proposant un commutateur à poussoir sécurisé de structure compacte, et procurant un confort d'utilisation amélioré.An object of the present invention is to overcome at least the aforementioned drawbacks, by providing a secure pusher switch of compact structure, and providing improved comfort of use.

Un avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que la réalisation pratique d'un commutateur selon un des modes de réalisation décrits, présente un coût raisonnable.An advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the practical realization of a switch according to one of the embodiments described, has a reasonable cost.

Un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait qu'un commutateur suivant l'un des modes de réalisation décrits offre une sûreté de fonctionnement, une fiabilité et une durée de vie améliorées.Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that a switch according to one of the described embodiments offers improved reliability, reliability and service life.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un commutateur à poussoir comprenant un plongeur, caractérisé en ce que le plongeur provoque, sous l'action d'une pression par un utilisateur, l'enfoncement d'un dôme supérieur disposé au-dessus de moyens de commutation, tout effondrement du dôme supérieur provoquant obligatoirement l'effondrement des moyens de commutation, le faîte du dôme supérieur et les moyens de commutation présentant une position basse, un premier contact électrique étant réalisé entre un contact primaire et un contact secondaire du dôme supérieur formant un premier circuit électrique lorsque le faîte du dôme supérieur est en position basse, et un second contact électrique étant réalisé entre un contact primaire et un contact secondaire des moyens de commutation formant un second circuit électrique lorsque les moyens de commutation sont en position basse.For this purpose, the invention relates to a push-button comprising a plunger, characterized in that the plunger causes, under the action of a pressure by a user, the depression of an upper dome disposed above switching means, any collapse of the upper dome necessarily causing the collapse of the switching means, the ridge of the upper dome and the switching means having a low position, a first electrical contact being made between a primary contact and a secondary contact of the upper dome forming a first electrical circuit when the ridge of the upper dome is in the low position, and a second electrical contact being made between a primary contact and a secondary contact switching means forming a second electrical circuit when the switching means are in the low position.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de commutation peuvent être formés par un dôme inférieur.In one embodiment of the invention, the switching means may be formed by a lower dome.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les moyens de commutation peuvent être formés par une lamelle métallique souple.In one embodiment of the invention, the switching means may be formed by a flexible metal strip.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dôme supérieur et le dôme inférieur peuvent être configurés de sorte que l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme inférieur.In one embodiment of the invention, the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome is greater than the effort required for collapse of the lower dome.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dôme supérieur et le dôme inférieur peuvent être configurés de sorte que l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement de la lamelle métallique souple.In one embodiment of the invention, the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the flexible metal sipe .

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lesdits premier et second circuits électriques peuvent ne pas présenter de mode commun électrique.In one embodiment of the invention, said first and second electrical circuits may not have an electric common mode.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lesdits premier et second circuits électriques peuvent assurer l'activation d'une fonction redondée ou sécurisée.In one embodiment of the invention, said first and second electrical circuits can ensure the activation of a redundant or secure function.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le commutateur à poussoir peut comprendre une pièce mobile intermédiaire disposée en dessous du dôme supérieur et en dessus des moyens de commutation, la pièce mobile intermédiaire étant électriquement conductrice au moins dans sa partie supérieure, et reliée électriquement au contact secondaire du dôme supérieur, l'effondrement du dôme supérieur entraînant la fermeture dudit premier circuit électrique, et l'enfoncement des moyens de commutation étant entraîné par le déplacement de la pièce mobile intermédiaire, la surface supérieure du dôme inférieur et/ou la surface inférieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire étant électriquement isolante.In one embodiment of the invention, the pusher switch may comprise an intermediate movable part disposed below the upper dome and above the switching means, the intermediate mobile part being electrically conductive at least in its upper part, and connected electrically to the secondary contact of the upper dome, the collapse of the upper dome causing the closing of said first electrical circuit, and the depression of the switching means being driven by the displacement of the intermediate movable part, the upper surface of the lower dome and / or the lower surface of the intermediate movable part being electrically insulating.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la pièce mobile intermédiaire peut être disposée sur une poutre flexible et électriquement conductrice, la poutre étant fixée en au moins un point du contact secondaire du dôme supérieur par des moyens de fixation.In one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate movable part may be disposed on a flexible and electrically conductive beam, the beam being fixed at at least one point of the secondary contact of the upper dome by fixing means.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, ledit contact primaire et/ou le contact secondaire du dôme supérieur, et/ou le contact primaire et/ou le contact secondaire des moyens de commutation peuvent être formés par des métallisations réalisées sur une carte de circuit imprimé ou par des lamelles métalliques encapsulées.In one embodiment of the invention, said primary contact and / or the secondary contact of the upper dome, and / or the primary contact and / or the secondary contact of the switching means can be formed by metallizations carried out on a card of circuit board or encapsulated metal strips.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dôme supérieur et le dôme inférieur peuvent être sont configurés de sorte que l'enfoncement du dôme inférieur est initié après retournement du dôme supérieur, les caractéristiques course-effort des dôme supérieur et inférieur permettant l'effondrement des dôme supérieur et inférieur moyennant un effort au plus égal à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur seul.In one embodiment of the invention, the upper dome and the lower dome may be configured so that the depression of the lower dome is initiated after reversing the upper dome, the stroke-effort characteristics of the upper and lower dome allowing the collapse of the upper and lower dome by means of effort at most equal to the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome alone.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le commutateur à poussoir selon l'un des modes de réalisation de l'invention peut être directement rapporté sur une carte de circuit imprimé.In one embodiment of the invention, the push switch according to one of the embodiments of the invention can be directly attached to a printed circuit board.

Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le commutateur à poussoir selon l'un des modes de réalisation de l'invention peut être disposé dans un boitier apte à être rapporté sur une planche de bord.In one embodiment of the invention, the push-button switch according to one of the embodiments of the invention may be placed in a box that can be attached to a dashboard.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description, donnée à titre d'exemple, faite en regard des dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • les figures 1a à 1f, des vues en coupe illustrant un exemple de commutateur à poussoir selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans différentes étapes de fonctionnement typiques;
  • la figure 2, une représentation graphique illustrant des courbes d'effort relatives aux dômes compris dans un commutateur à poussoir selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 3a à 3d, des représentations graphiques illustrant différentes courbes d'effort relatives à un exemple de réalisation pratique de l'invention;
  • la figure 4, une vue en coupe illustrant un exemple de commutateur à poussoir, selon un mode de réalisation alternatif de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description, given by way of example, with reference to the appended drawings which represent:
  • the Figures 1a to 1f cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a push switch according to one embodiment of the invention, in different typical operating steps;
  • the figure 2 a graphical representation illustrating force curves relating to the domes included in a push-switch according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 3a to 3d graphical representations illustrating different stress curves relating to an exemplary practical embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 4 , a sectional view illustrating an example of a push switch, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

En référence à la figure 1a, un commutateur à poussoir 1 peut comprendre, dans un exemple de réalisation, un actionneur ou "plongeur" 10. Le plongeur 10 est disposé au-dessus du faîte d'un dôme supérieur 11 réalisé dans un matériau électriquement conducteur. Des moyens de commutation, par exemple formés par un dôme inférieur 12, sont disposés en-dessous du dôme supérieur 11. Le dôme supérieur 11 comprend notamment une surface inférieure 11 a et une surface supérieure 11 b. De la même manière, le dôme inférieur 12 comprend une surface inférieure 12a et une surface supérieure 12b.With reference to the figure 1a a push switch 1 may comprise, in an exemplary embodiment, an actuator or "plunger" 10. The plunger 10 is disposed above the ridge of an upper dome 11 made of an electrically conductive material. Switching means, for example formed by a lower dome 12, are arranged below the upper dome 11. The upper dome 11 comprises in particular a lower surface 11a and an upper surface 11b. In the same way, the lower dome 12 comprises a lower surface 12a and an upper surface 12b.

Avantageusement, le diamètre du dôme supérieur 11 est choisi plus grand que le diamètre du dôme inférieur 12. Selon une spécificité de la présente invention, l'effondrement du dôme supérieur 11 doit entraîner de manière systématique l'effondrement du dôme inférieur 12, de manière à ce qu'un même effort d'activation exercée par l'utilisateur sur le plongeur 10, permette l'effondrement des deux dômes 11, 12. Ainsi, l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur 11 est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme inférieur 12.Advantageously, the diameter of the upper dome 11 is chosen larger than the diameter of the lower dome 12. According to a specificity of the present invention, the collapse of the upper dome 11 must systematically cause the collapse of the lower dome 12, so that that the same activation force exerted by the user on the plunger 10, allows the collapse of the two domes 11, 12. Thus, the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the lower dome 12.

Une pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est disposée entre le dôme supérieur 11 et le dôme inférieur 12. Le plongeur 10 et les dômes 11, 12 peuvent par exemple être à symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe vertical, le plongeur 10 étant par exemple disposé dans une cage non représentée sur la figure, limitant ses mouvements à un degré de liberté dans la direction de l'axe vertical. Dans l'exemple illustré par les figures, le plongeur 10, les dômes 11, 12 et la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 présentent des axes principaux alignés avec l'axe vertical précité.An intermediate movable part 13 is arranged between the upper dome 11 and the lower dome 12. The plunger 10 and the domes 11, 12 may for example be symmetrical about a vertical axis, the plunger 10 being for example disposed in a cage not shown in the figure, limiting its movements to a degree of freedom in the direction of the vertical axis. In the example illustrated by the figures, the plunger 10, the domes 11, 12 and the intermediate movable part 13 have main axes aligned with the aforementioned vertical axis.

Le plongeur 10 peut être réalisé dans un matériau de type élastomère dont les caractéristiques fournissent un bon confort à un utilisateur exerçant une pression sur celui-ci, et peut par exemple être recouvert d'un capot souple réalisé dans un matériau élastomère, ou bien d'un capot rigide, non représenté sur les figures. Le dôme supérieur 11 repose sur un contact primaire 111 et est en contact électrique avec ce dernier. Le contact primaire 111 peut par exemple être formé par une piste métallique d'une carte de circuit imprimé. Au repos, c'est-à-dire en l'absence d'effort exercé sur celui-ci, le faîte du dôme supérieur 11 occupe une position nominale dite "haute".The plunger 10 may be made of an elastomer-type material whose characteristics provide a good comfort for a user exerting pressure on it, and may for example be covered with a flexible cover made of an elastomeric material, or a rigid cover, not shown in the figures. The upper dome 11 rests on a primary contact 111 and is in electrical contact with the latter. The contact primary 111 may for example be formed by a metal track of a printed circuit board. At rest, that is to say in the absence of force exerted on it, the peak of the upper dome 11 occupies a nominal position called "high".

Le dôme inférieur 12 repose sur un contact primaire 121 et est en contact électrique avec ce dernier, pouvant par exemple également être formé par une piste métallique d'une carte de circuit imprimé. Lorsqu'une pression appropriée est exercée sur le dôme inférieur 12, le faîte de celui-ci vient, après déflexion, en contact avec un contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12. La surface inférieure 12a du dôme inférieur 12 est électriquement conductrice.The lower dome 12 rests on a primary contact 121 and is in electrical contact with the latter, which may for example also be formed by a metal track of a printed circuit board. When an appropriate pressure is exerted on the lower dome 12, the ridge thereof comes, after deflection, in contact with a secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12. The lower surface 12a of the lower dome 12 is electrically conductive.

Ainsi que cela est illustré par la figure 1f, lorsque le faîte du dôme inférieur 12 se trouve après déflexion en une position dite basse, le contact électrique est établi entre le contact primaire 121 et le contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12. Le contact primaire 121 et le contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12 se situent sensiblement dans un même plan, et peuvent par exemple être tous deux formés par des métallisations formées sur une plaque de circuit imprimé.As illustrated by the figure 1f when the ridge of the lower dome 12 is after deflection into a so-called low position, the electrical contact is established between the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12. The primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12 are substantially in the same plane, and may for example both be formed by metallizations formed on a printed circuit board.

La déflexion du dôme inférieur 12 est opérée par le déplacement de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13. Le déplacement de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est provoqué par la déflexion du dôme supérieur 11, elle-même provoquée par la pression par un utilisateur du plongeur 10.The deflection of the lower dome 12 is effected by the displacement of the intermediate movable part 13. The displacement of the intermediate movable part 13 is caused by the deflection of the upper dome 11, itself caused by the pressure by a user of the plunger 10.

D'une manière similaire au dôme inférieur 12, le faîte du dôme supérieur 11 occupe en l'absence d'efforts exercés sur le plongeur 10, une position nominale dite "haute", et une position basse après déflexion. Aussi, la surface inférieure 11 a du dôme supérieur 11 est électriquement conductrice.In a manner similar to the lower dome 12, the peak of the upper dome 11 occupies in the absence of forces exerted on the plunger 10, a so-called "high" nominal position, and a low position after deflection. Also, the lower surface 11a of the upper dome 11 is electrically conductive.

La pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est réalisée dans un matériau électriquement conducteur, au moins dans sa partie supérieure. La pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est reliée électriquement au contact secondaire 112 du dôme supérieur 11. Ainsi que cela est illustré dans les exemples présentés par les figures 1a à 1f, la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 peut être physiquement et électriquement reliée au contact secondaire 112 du dôme supérieur 11 par l'intermédiaire d'une poutre 130 réalisée dans un matériau conducteur, par exemple une lame-ressort métallique traversée par la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13. La poutre 130 doit être conçue de manière à générer un minimum d'efforts perturbateurs lorsqu'elle se déforme. La poutre 130 peut être fixée au contact secondaire 112 du dôme supérieur, en un ou une pluralité de points, par exemple par des soudures, ou bien par vissage, sertissage ou tout autre moyen connu de fixation. Il est à observer que dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré par les figures 1a à 1f, la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est représentée enchâssée dans la poutre 130, et par conséquent la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 n'est pas en contact direct, lorsque le dôme supérieur 11 est enfoncé, avec la surface inférieure 11 a du dôme supérieur 11. Egalement, dans une telle configuration, la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 peut être réalisée entièrement dans un matériau électriquement isolant, et c'est la poutre 130 qui assure le contact électrique entre le contact primaire 111 et le contact secondaire 112 lorsque la surface inférieure 11a du dôme supérieur 11 est en contact avec la poutre 130 ; il n'est alors pas nécessaire que la surface supérieure 12b du dôme inférieur 12 soit électriquement isolante. Dans des modes de réalisation alternatifs, la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 peut par exemple être entièrement électriquement conductrice, et par exemple dépasser de part et d'autre de la poutre 130 et se trouver alors directement en contact en sa partie supérieure, avec la surface inférieure 11 a du dôme supérieur 11, lorsque le dôme supérieur 11 est enfoncé ; dans un tel cas il est nécessaire que la partie inférieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 et/ou la surface supérieure 12b du dôme inférieur 12 soit électriquement isolante, par exemple en étant recouverte d'un film isolant.The intermediate movable part 13 is made of an electrically conductive material, at least in its upper part. The intermediate movable part 13 is electrically connected to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome 11. As is illustrated in the examples presented by the Figures 1a to 1f the intermediate movable part 13 can be physically and electrically connected to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome 11 via a beam 130 made of a conductive material, for example a metal leaf spring traversed by the workpiece Intermediate mobile 13. The beam 130 must be designed to generate a minimum of disruptive efforts when it deforms. The beam 130 may be attached to the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome, at one or a plurality of points, for example by welding, or by screwing, crimping or any other known means of attachment. It is to be observed that in the exemplary embodiment illustrated by the Figures 1a to 1f the intermediate moving part 13 is shown encased in the beam 130, and consequently the intermediate movable part 13 is not in direct contact, when the upper dome 11 is depressed, with the lower surface 11a of the upper dome 11. in such a configuration, the intermediate moving part 13 can be made entirely of an electrically insulating material, and it is the beam 130 which ensures the electrical contact between the primary contact 111 and the secondary contact 112 when the lower surface 11a of the dome upper 11 is in contact with the beam 130; it is then not necessary that the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 is electrically insulating. In alternative embodiments, the intermediate movable part 13 may for example be entirely electrically conductive, and for example protrude from either side of the beam 130 and then be directly in contact at its upper part, with the lower surface. 11a of the upper dome 11, when the upper dome 11 is depressed; in such a case it is necessary that the lower part of the intermediate movable part 13 and / or the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 is electrically insulating, for example by being covered with an insulating film.

Il est à noter que la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est indépendante, d'un point de vue mécanique, des dômes supérieur 11 et inférieur 12. La pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 procure également l'avantage de former un actuateur approprié au diamètre moindre du dôme inférieur 12, c'est-à-dire un actuateur dont les dimensions peuvent être choisies de manière à être compatible des dimensions du dôme inférieur 12. De la sorte, il est possible de garantir une durée de vie prolongée du dôme de plus petit diamètre.It should be noted that the intermediate movable part 13 is mechanically independent of the upper and lower domes 11 and 11. The intermediate movable part 13 also has the advantage of forming a suitable actuator for the smaller diameter of the lower dome. 12, that is to say an actuator whose dimensions can be chosen to be compatible with the dimensions of the lower dome 12. In this way, it is possible to ensure a longer service life of the dome of smaller diameter.

Ainsi, lorsque le faîte du dôme supérieur 11 est en contact avec la partie supérieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13, un contact électrique est réalisé entre le contact secondaire 112 et le contact primaire 111 du dôme supérieur 11, via la poutre 130, la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 et la surface inférieure 11 a électriquement conductrice du dôme supérieur 11, ces deux éléments étant alors en contact direct l'un avec l'autre.Thus, when the peak of the upper dome 11 is in contact with the upper part of the intermediate moving part 13, an electrical contact is made between the secondary contact 112 and the primary contact 111 of the upper dome 11, via the beam 130, the intermediate movable member 13 and the lower surface 11a electrically conductive upper dome 11, these two elements then being in direct contact with each other.

De sorte qu'il n'existe pas de mode électrique commun entre les deux circuits électriques fermés par la déflexion des dômes 11, 12 : c'est-à-dire respectivement le premier circuit électrique formé par le contact primaire 111 et le contact secondaire 112 du dôme supérieur 11, et le second circuit électrique formé par le contact primaire 121 et le contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12, la surface supérieure 12b du dôme inférieur 12 et/ou la surface inférieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 peuvent par exemple être recouvertes d'un matériau électriquement isolant, formé par exemple par une couche de vernis ou un film isolant ou par l'ajout d'une pièce réalisée dans un matériau plastique.So that there is no common electrical mode between the two electrical circuits closed by the deflection of the domes 11, 12: that is to say respectively the first electrical circuit formed by the primary contact 111 and the secondary contact 112 of the upper dome 11, and the second electrical circuit formed by the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12, the upper surface 12b of the lower dome 12 and / or the lower surface of the intermediate movable part 13 may for example be covered with an electrically insulating material, formed for example by a layer of varnish or an insulating film or by adding a piece made of a plastic material.

D'une manière typique, lorsqu'aucune force n'est exercée par l'utilisateur sur le plongeur 10, alors les éléments formant la chaîne comprenant notamment : dôme supérieur 11, pièce mobile intermédiaire 13, dôme inférieur 12 et contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12 ne sont pas en contact direct les uns avec les autres. Lorsque sous la pression du plongeur 10, les dômes supérieur et inférieur 11, 12 se trouvent après déflexion en leurs positions basses respectives, tous les éléments précités sont en contact les uns avec les autres, et les premier et second circuits électriques précités sont alors fermés.Typically, when no force is exerted by the user on the plunger 10, then the elements forming the chain comprising in particular: upper dome 11, intermediate movable part 13, lower dome 12 and secondary contact 122 of the dome lower 12 are not in direct contact with each other. When under the pressure of the plunger 10, the upper and lower domes 11, 12 are after deflection in their respective lower positions, all the aforementioned elements are in contact with each other, and the first and second aforementioned electrical circuits are then closed .

Les figures 1b à 1e illustrent des configurations intermédiaires des éléments constituant le commutateur à poussoir 1, lors de la course du plongeur 10 entre une configuration nominale illustrée par la figure 1a, et une configuration de contact électrique illustrée par la figure 1 f. Les figures 1 b à 1e sont décrites ci-après :

  • la figure 1 b illustre une configuration dans laquelle l'enfoncement du dôme supérieur 11 a été initié par le déplacement du plongeur 10, la surface inférieure de celui-ci étant en contact avec la surface supérieure 11 b du dôme supérieur 11. Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure 1 b, le dôme supérieur 11 se trouve dans sa position de retournement. Dans cette configuration, selon l'exemple illustré par la figure, seuls le plongeur 10 et le dôme supérieur 11 sont en contact ;
  • la figure 1c illustre une configuration dans laquelle la surface inférieure 11a du dôme supérieur 11 se trouve en contact avec la partie supérieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13, cette dernière n'ayant encore pas amorcé de mouvement. Dans cette configuration, le premier circuit électrique tel que défini précédemment, est fermé ;
  • la figure 1d illustre une configuration dans laquelle la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 s'est déplacée sous l'action de la course du plongeur 10, via le dôme supérieur 11. Dans cette configuration, la partie inférieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 est entrée en contact mécanique avec la partie supérieure 12b du dôme inférieur 12 : le premier circuit électrique est toujours fermé, et le second circuit électrique ne l'est pas encore. L'enfoncement du dôme inférieur 12 est initié ;
  • la figure 1e illustre une configuration dans laquelle le dôme inférieur 12, sous l'action du déplacement de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13 via le déplacement du dôme supérieur 11 sous l'action du plongeur 10, atteint son point de retournement. Dans cette configuration, le premier circuit électrique est toujours fermé, et le second circuit électrique ne l'est pas encore.
The Figures 1b to 1e illustrate intermediate configurations of the elements constituting the push switch 1, during the stroke of the plunger 10 between a nominal configuration illustrated by the figure 1a , and an electrical contact configuration illustrated by the figure 1 f. The Figures 1b to 1e are described below:
  • the figure 1b illustrates a configuration in which the depression of the upper dome 11 was initiated by the displacement of the plunger 10, the lower surface thereof being in contact with the upper surface 11b of the upper dome 11. In the example illustrated by FIG. figure 1b , the upper dome 11 is in its turning position. In this configuration, according to the example illustrated by the figure, only the plunger 10 and the upper dome 11 are in contact;
  • the figure 1c illustrates a configuration in which the lower surface 11a of the upper dome 11 is in contact with the upper part of the intermediate movable part 13, the latter having not yet initiated movement. In this configuration, the first electrical circuit as defined above, is closed;
  • the figure 1d illustrates a configuration in which the intermediate movable part 13 has moved under the action of the stroke of the plunger 10, via the upper dome 11. In this configuration, the lower part of the intermediate movable part 13 has come into mechanical contact with the upper part 12b of the lower dome 12: the first electrical circuit is always closed, and the second electrical circuit is not yet closed. The depression of the lower dome 12 is initiated;
  • the figure 1e illustrates a configuration in which the lower dome 12, under the action of the displacement of the intermediate movable member 13 via the displacement of the upper dome 11 under the action of the plunger 10, reaches its turning point. In this configuration, the first electrical circuit is always closed, and the second electrical circuit is not yet closed.

Le déplacement du plongeur 10 impose alors, via les éléments intermédiaires situés entre celui-ci et le dôme inférieur 12, un déplacement du faîte du dôme inférieur 12 jusqu'à ce que celui-ci parvienne en butée, où le contact électrique entre la surface inférieure 12a du dôme inférieur 12 et le contact secondaire 122 du dôme inférieur 12 est établi, c'est-à-dire où le second circuit électrique est fermé, ainsi que cela est illustré par la figure 1 f.The displacement of the plunger 10 then imposes, via the intermediate elements situated between the latter and the lower dome 12, a displacement of the ridge of the lower dome 12 until it reaches a stop, where the electrical contact between the surface lower 12a of the lower dome 12 and the secondary contact 122 of the lower dome 12 is established, that is to say, where the second electrical circuit is closed, as illustrated by the figure 1 f.

Le dimensionnement des dômes supérieur et inférieur 11, 12, de la pièce mobile intermédiaire 13, la configuration et les caractéristiques des éléments précités, sont définies de manière à ce que la déflexion du dôme supérieur 11 entraîne la déflexion du dôme inférieur 12, et que la fermeture des deux circuits électriques précités se réalise de manière simultanée ou quasi-simultanée, soit typiquement dans un intervalle de l'ordre de la microseconde, correspondant à l'enchaînement des configurations décrites précédemment et illustrées par les figures 1 a à 1 f.The dimensioning of the upper and lower domes 11, 12, of the intermediate movable part 13, the configuration and the characteristics of the aforementioned elements, are defined so that the deflection of the upper dome 11 causes the deflection of the lower dome 12, and that the closing of the two aforementioned electrical circuits is carried out simultaneously or quasi-simultaneous, typically in an interval of the order of a microsecond, corresponding to the sequence of configurations described above and illustrated by the figures 1 a to 1 f.

Notamment, les caractéristiques de course-effort des dômes 11, 12 sont définies de manière à ce que la sensation tactile de l'utilisateur soit semblable à la sensation procurée par la pression d'un commutateur simple de type classique. Ainsi, l'effort requis par l'utilisateur pour provoquer l'effondrement des deux dômes 11, 12 peut avantageusement être au plus égal à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur 11 seul. Un exemple de ces caractéristiques est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 2.In particular, the stroke-effort characteristics of the domes 11, 12 are defined so that the tactile sensation of the user is similar to the sensation provided by the pressure of a simple switch of the conventional type. Thus, the effort required by the user to cause the collapse of the two domes 11, 12 may advantageously be at most equal to the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 alone. An example of these features is described below with reference to the figure 2 .

Il est à noter que dans l'exemple de commutateur décrit ci-dessus en référence aux figures 1a à 1f, des moyens de commutation du circuit électrique inférieur sont formés par le dôme inférieur 12. Les moyens de commutation du circuit inférieur peuvent également être formés par des dispositifs alternatifs, et le dôme inférieur 12 peut ainsi par exemple être substitué par une lamelle métallique souple, présentant une position dans laquelle celle-ci n'entre pas en contact avec le contact secondaire 122, et une position pouvant s'assimiler à une position effondrée du dôme inférieur 12, dans laquelle la lamelle est en contact avec le contact secondaire 122, le second circuit électrique étant ainsi fermé. Un tel exemple de réalisation est illustré par la figure 4, décrite ci-après.It should be noted that in the switch example described above with reference to Figures 1a to 1f switching means of the lower electric circuit are formed by the lower dome 12. The switching means of the lower circuit can also be formed by alternative devices, and the lower dome 12 can thus for example be substituted by a flexible metal strip, having a position in which the latter does not come into contact with the secondary contact 122, and a position which can be assimilated to a collapsed position of the lower dome 12, in which the leaflet is in contact with the secondary contact 122, the second electric circuit being thus closed. Such an embodiment is illustrated by the figure 4 , described below.

La figure 2 présente des courbes illustrant des courbes d'effort relatives à un commutateur à poussoir selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 2 presents curves illustrating stress curves relative to a push switch according to one embodiment of the invention.

Une première courbe d'effort 21 représente la force appliquée au faîte du dôme supérieur 11, en fonction de la course de celui-ci, depuis sa position haute jusqu'à sa position basse. De la même manière, une seconde courbe d'effort 22 représente la force appliquée au faîte du dôme inférieur 12, en fonction de la course de celui-ci, depuis sa position haute jusqu'à sa position basse.A first force curve 21 represents the force applied to the ridge of the upper dome 11, as a function of the stroke thereof, from its high position to its low position. In the same way, a second force curve 22 represents the force applied to the ridge of the lower dome 12, as a function of the stroke thereof, from its high position to its low position.

D'une manière typique, en référence à la première courbe d'effort 21 et en omettant dans un premier temps l'influence du dôme inférieur, l'effort à exercer par l'utilisateur est croissant dès lors que l'enfoncement du dôme supérieur est initié, jusqu'à un point illustré par le sommet de la première courbe d'effort 21, correspondant au retournement du dôme supérieur. A partir du point de retournement, l'effort décroît jusqu'à la déflexion complète du dôme supérieur, correspondant à un point de butée mécanique et de connexion électrique. L'allure de la première courbe d'effort 21 est sensiblement symétrique autour de l'axe vertical passant par le point de retournement.Typically, with reference to the first force curve 21 and omitting at first the influence of the lower dome, the effort to be exerted by the user is increasing as soon as the depression of the upper dome is initiated, to a point illustrated by the top of the first stress curve 21, corresponding to the overturning of the upper dome. From the turning point, the force decreases until the complete deflection of the upper dome, corresponding to a point of mechanical stop and electrical connection. The shape of the first force curve 21 is substantially symmetrical around the vertical axis passing through the turning point.

D'une manière similaire, en référence à la seconde courbe d'effort 22 et en omettant l'influence du dôme supérieur, l'effort exercé sur le dôme inférieur est croissant dès lors que l'enfoncement du dôme inférieur est initié, jusqu'à un point illustré par le sommet de la seconde courbe d'effort 22, correspondant au retournement du dôme inférieur. A partir du point de retournement, l'effort décroît jusqu'à la déflexion complète du dôme inférieur, correspondant à un point de butée mécanique et de connexion électrique. L'allure de la seconde courbe d'effort 22 est sensiblement symétrique autour de l'axe vertical passant par le point de retournement.In a similar manner, with reference to the second force curve 22 and omitting the influence of the upper dome, the force exerted on the lower dome increases as soon as the depression of the lower dome is initiated, until at a point illustrated by the top of the second force curve 22, corresponding to the inversion of the lower dome. From the turning point, the force decreases until the complete deflection of the lower dome, corresponding to a point of mechanical stop and electrical connection. The shape of the second force curve 22 is substantially symmetrical about the vertical axis passing through the turning point.

Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure 2, l'enfoncement du dôme inférieur est initié après le retournement du dôme supérieur. Dans l'hypothèse où le plongeur est réalisé dans un matériau parfaitement rigide, l'effort à exercer sur toute la course de ce dernier jusqu'à commutation électrique des deux circuits électriques, est égal à la somme des efforts s'appliquant aux deux dômes. En pratique, si le plongeur est formé par un matériau offrant une relative élasticité, la réaction à l'effort exercé par l'utilisateur à fin de commutation, est perçue de manière quasi-continue, en raison des caractéristiques élastiques du matériau formant le plongeur d'une part, et des caractéristiques élastiques de l'extrémité du doigt de l'utilisateur exerçant la force de pression. En effet, le plongeur élastomère gomme la discontinuité tactile du dôme inférieur 12 par restitution de l'énergie emmagasinée lors de sa compression pendant la phase de montée de l'effort.In the example illustrated by the figure 2 , the depression of the lower dome is initiated after the overturning of the upper dome. In the event that the diver is made of a perfectly rigid material, the effort to be exerted over the entire stroke of the latter until electrical switching of the two electrical circuits is equal to the sum of the forces applying to the two domes . In practice, if the plunger is formed by a material having a relative elasticity, the reaction to the effort exerted by the user for switching purposes is perceived almost continuously, because of the elastic characteristics of the material forming the plunger on the one hand, and elastic characteristics of the end of the finger of the user exerting the pressure force. Indeed, the elastomeric plunger erases the tactile discontinuity of the lower dome 12 by restoring the energy stored during its compression during the rise phase of the effort.

Les figures 3a à 3d présentent des courbes de course - effort dans différentes configurations d'un exemple de réalisation pratique de la présente invention.The Figures 3a to 3d present stroke curves - stress in different configurations of a practical embodiment of the present invention.

La figure 3a présente la courbe de course-effort relative à un exemple de réalisation pratique du dôme supérieur. L'effort exercé sur le dôme croît de manière continue avec la course du faîte de celui-ci, jusqu'à un premier point caractéristique 31 correspondant au retournement du dôme supérieur. A partir du premier point caractéristique 31, l'effort décroît de manière continue avec la course, jusqu'à un second point caractéristique 32, correspondant à une butée mécanique, et à la commutation électrique.The figure 3a presents the stroke-effort curve relative to an example of practical realization of the upper dome. The force exerted on the dome increases continuously with the course of the ridge thereof, up to a first characteristic point 31 corresponding to the upturn of the upper dome. From the first characteristic point 31, the force decreases continuously with the stroke, to a second characteristic point 32, corresponding to a mechanical stop, and to the electrical switching.

La figure 3b présente la courbe de course-effort relative à un exemple de réalisation pratique du dôme inférieur. La courbe présente une allure similaire à la courbe relative au dôme supérieur décrite en référence à la figure 3a ; cependant les courses et les efforts sont significativement moindres. De la même manière, la courbe de course-effort relative au dôme inférieur présente un premier point caractéristique 41 correspondant au retournement du dôme inférieur, et un second point caractéristique 42 correspondant à la butée mécanique et à la commutation électrique assurée par le dôme inférieur.The figure 3b presents the stroke-effort curve relative to an example of practical realization of the lower dome. The curve has a similar appearance to the curve relating to the upper dome described with reference to the figure 3a ; however, the races and the efforts are significantly less. In the same manner, the stroke-effort curve relative to the lower dome has a first characteristic point 41 corresponding to the inversion of the lower dome, and a second characteristic point 42 corresponding to the mechanical stop and the electrical switching provided by the lower dome.

La figure 3c présente la courbe de course-effort relative à un exemple de réalisation pratique du dôme supérieur disposé au dessus du dôme inférieur par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce mobile intermédiaire. Dans l'exemple illustré, dans une première zone 500 s'étendant au-delà du point de retournement 51 du dôme supérieur, l'allure de la courbe de course-effort est identique à la courbe de course-effort du dôme supérieur seul. A partir d'une course correspondant au début d'une seconde zone 501, l'enfoncement du dôme inférieur est initié ; la courbe de course-effort représente alors la superposition des deux courbes illustrées en référence aux figures 3a et 3b. L'effort diminue lorsque la course augmente, jusqu'à un point de cassure 52 correspondant à l'effondrement total du dôme supérieur. A partir du point de cassure 52, l'effort augmente légèrement avec la course jusqu'à un point de retournement 53 du dôme inférieur. Puis l'effort diminue lorsque la course augmente, jusqu'à un point de butée mécanique et de contact électrique 54.The figure 3c presents the stroke-effort curve relative to a practical embodiment of the upper dome disposed above the lower dome via an intermediate movable part. In the illustrated example, in a first zone 500 extending beyond the turning point 51 of the upper dome, the shape of the stroke-effort curve is identical to the stroke-effort curve of the upper dome alone. From a stroke corresponding to the beginning of a second zone 501, the depression of the lower dome is initiated; the stroke-effort curve then represents the superposition of the two curves illustrated with reference to the figures 3a and 3b . The effort decreases as the stroke increases, to a break point 52 corresponding to the total collapse of the upper dome. From the point of break 52, the force increases slightly with the race to a turning point 53 of the lower dome. Then the force decreases when the stroke increases, to a point of mechanical stop and electrical contact 54.

La figure 3d présente la courbe de course-effort relative à un exemple de réalisation pratique du dôme supérieur disposé au dessus du dôme inférieur par l'intermédiaire de la pièce mobile intermédiaire dans une configuration identique à la configuration illustrée par les courbes de la figure 3c, en présence d'un plongeur élastomère. La courbe de course-effort présente alors une allure sensiblement similaire à la courbe de course-effort illustrée par la figure 3c. Cependant, ainsi que cela est explicité précédemment, l'usage du plongeur élastomère permet de "gommer" les discontinuités, et d'offrir à l'utilisateur une sensation tactile similaire à la sensation tactile provoquée par une action sur un commutateur à dôme unique. La courbe de course-effort présente en effet une allure croissante jusqu'à un point de retournement 61 correspondant au retournement du dôme supérieur, puis une allure décroissante jusqu'à un point de butée mécanique et de contact électrique 62.The figure 3d presents the stroke-effort curve relative to a practical embodiment of the upper dome disposed above the lower dome via the intermediate mobile part in a configuration identical to the configuration illustrated by the curves of the figure 3c in the presence of an elastomeric plunger. The stroke-effort curve then has a look similar to the race-effort curve illustrated by the figure 3c . However, as is explained above, the use of the elastomeric plunger makes it possible to "erase" the discontinuities, and to offer the user a tactile sensation similar to the tactile sensation caused by an action on a single dome switch. The stroke-stress curve has indeed an increasing pace up to a turning point 61 corresponding to the upturn of the upper dome, then a decreasing speed to a point of mechanical stop and electrical contact 62.

La figure 4 présente une vue en coupe illustrant un exemple de commutateur à poussoir, selon un mode de réalisation alternatif de l'invention dans lequel le dôme inférieur est substitué par une lamelle métallique souple 42. L'exemple illustré par la figure 4 correspond à une configuration du commutateur 1 similaire à la configuration décrite précédemment en référence à la figure 1 f, c'est-à-dire une configuration dans laquelle le premier et le second circuits électriques sont fermés.The figure 4 shows a sectional view illustrating an example of a push-switch according to an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the lower dome is substituted by a flexible metal strip 42. The example illustrated by FIG. figure 4 corresponds to a configuration of the switch 1 similar to the configuration described above with reference to the figure 1 f that is, a configuration in which the first and second electrical circuits are closed.

Le plongeur 10, le dôme supérieur 11 comprenant une surface inférieure 11 a et une surface supérieure 11 b, le contact primaire 111, apièce mobile intermédiaire 13, le contact primaire 121 et le contact secondaire 122 peuvent être configurés de manière similaire à l'exemple décrit en référence aux figures 1a à 1 f. Le dôme inférieur peut être remplacé par une lamelle métallique souple 42, dont une extrémité peut par exemple être fixée à une partie du contact primaire 121, par des moyens de fixation 421 tels qu'une vis ou un point de soudure, ou tout autre moyen de fixation connu, l'autre extrémité de la lamelle métallique souple 42 reposant par exemple sur une autre partie du contact primaire 121. Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure 4, la lamelle 42 est dans une position basse assimilable à la position effondrée du dôme inférieur, et sa partie centrale est en contact avec le contact secondaire 122, assurant ainsi la fermeture du second circuit électrique.The plunger 10, the upper dome 11 comprising a lower surface 11a and an upper surface 11b, the primary contact 111, intermediate moving part 13, the primary contact 121 and the secondary contact 122 can be configured similarly to the example described with reference to Figures 1a to 1 f. The lower dome may be replaced by a flexible metal strip 42, one end of which may for example be attached to a portion of the primary contact 121, by fastening means 421 such as a screw or a weld spot, or any other means known fastening, the other end of the flexible metal strip 42 resting for example on another part of the primary contact 121. In the example illustrated by the figure 4 , the blade 42 is in a low position comparable to the collapsed position of the lower dome, and its central portion is in contact with the secondary contact 122, thus ensuring the closure of the second electrical circuit.

D'une manière similaire, le dôme supérieur 11 et la lamelle 42 peuvent être configurés de sorte que l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur 11 est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement de la lamelle 42.In a similar manner, the upper dome 11 and the lamella 42 can be configured so that the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome 11 is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the lamella 42.

Les avantages précités procurés par la présente invention apparaissent clairement à la lecture de la description ci-dessus. Il est à observer qu'un autre avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que des dômes ou lamelles standards, disponibles dans le commerce, peuvent être utilisés dans les différents modes de réalisation décrits. Les différents éléments formant un commutateur tel que décrit précédemment peuvent être directement rapportés sur une carte par un circuit étagé, ou bien peuvent être encapsulés dans un boitier ; les contacts électriques peuvent également être réalisés par des lamelles métalliques encapsulées.The above-mentioned advantages provided by the present invention appear clearly on reading the description above. It should be noted that another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that Standard domes or slats, commercially available, can be used in the various embodiments described. The various elements forming a switch as described above can be directly reported on a card by a stepped circuit, or can be encapsulated in a box; the electrical contacts can also be made by encapsulated metal strips.

Claims (13)

Commutateur à poussoir (1) comprenant un plongeur (10), caractérisé en ce que le plongeur provoque, sous l'action d'une pression par un utilisateur, l'enfoncement d'un dôme supérieur (11) disposé au-dessus de moyens de commutation (12, 42), tout effondrement du dôme supérieur (11) provoquant obligatoirement l'effondrement des moyens de commutation (12, 42), le faîte du dôme supérieur et les moyens de commutation (12, 42) présentant une position basse, un premier contact électrique étant réalisé entre un contact primaire (111) et un contact secondaire (112) du dôme supérieur (11) formant un premier circuit électrique lorsque le faîte du dôme supérieur (11) est en position basse, et un second contact électrique étant réalisé entre un contact primaire (121) et un contact secondaire (122) des moyens de commutation (12, 42) formant un second circuit électrique lorsque les moyens de commutation (12, 42) sont en position basse.Push-button switch (1) comprising a plunger (10), characterized in that the plunger causes, under the action of pressure by a user, the depression of an upper dome (11) disposed above means switching device (12, 42), any collapse of the upper dome (11) necessarily causing the collapse of the switching means (12, 42), the ridge of the upper dome and the switching means (12, 42) having a low position , a first electrical contact being made between a primary contact (111) and a secondary contact (112) of the upper dome (11) forming a first electrical circuit when the ridge of the upper dome (11) is in the lower position, and a second contact electrical connection being made between a primary contact (121) and a secondary contact (122) switching means (12, 42) forming a second electrical circuit when the switching means (12, 42) are in the low position. Commutateur à poussoir (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commutation (12, 42) sont formés par un dôme inférieur (12).Push-button switch (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching means (12, 42) are formed by a lower dome (12). Commutateur à poussoir (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de commutation (12, 42) sont formés par une lamelle métallique souple (42).Push-button switch (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching means (12, 42) are formed by a flexible metal strip (42). Commutateur à poussoir (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le dôme supérieur (11) et le dôme inférieur (12) sont configurés de sorte que l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur (11) est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme inférieur (12).A push-button switch (1) according to claim 2, wherein the upper dome (11) and the lower dome (12) are configured so that the force required for the collapse of the upper dome (11) is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the lower dome (12). Commutateur à poussoir (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le dôme supérieur (11) et le dôme inférieur (12) sont configurés de sorte que l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur (11) est supérieur à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement de la lamelle métallique souple (42).A push-button switch (1) according to claim 3, wherein the upper dome (11) and the lower dome (12) are configured so that the force required for the collapse of the upper dome (11) is greater than the effort required for the collapse of the flexible metal strip (42). Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits premier et second circuits électriques ne présentent pas de mode commun électrique.A push-button switch (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said first and second electrical circuits do not have an electric common mode. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lesdits premier et second circuits électriques assurent l'activation d'une fonction redondée ou sécurisée.A push-button switch (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first and second electrical circuits provide for activation of a redundant or secure function. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une pièce mobile intermédiaire (13) disposée en dessous du dôme supérieur (11) et en dessus des moyens de commutation (12,42), la pièce mobile intermédiaire (13) étant électriquement conductrice au moins dans sa partie supérieure, et reliée électriquement au contact secondaire (112) du dôme supérieur (11), l'effondrement du dôme supérieur (11) entraînant la fermeture dudit premier circuit électrique, et l'enfoncement des moyens de commutation (12, 42) étant entraîné par le déplacement de la pièce mobile intermédiaire (13), la surface supérieure (12b) du dôme inférieur et/ou la surface inférieure de la pièce mobile intermédiaire (13) étant électriquement isolante.Push-button switch (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an intermediate movable part (13) arranged below the upper dome (11) and above the switching means (12, 42), the intermediate moving part ( 13) being electrically conductive at least in its upper part, and electrically connected to the secondary contact (112) of the upper dome (11), the collapse of the upper dome (11) causing the closing of said first electric circuit, and the depression of the switching means (12, 42) being driven by the displacement of the intermediate movable member (13), the upper surface (12b) of the lower dome and / or the lower surface of the intermediate movable member (13) being electrically insulating. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant la revendication 8, dans lequel la pièce mobile intermédiaire (13) est disposée sur une poutre (130) flexible et électriquement conductrice, la poutre étant fixée en au moins un point du contact secondaire (112) du dôme supérieur (11) par des moyens de fixation.A push-button switch (1) according to claim 8, wherein the intermediate movable member (13) is disposed on a flexible and electrically conductive beam (130), the beam being fixed at at least one point of the secondary contact (112) of the dome upper (11) by fixing means. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit contact primaire (111) et/ou le contact secondaire (112) du dôme supérieur (11), et/ou le contact primaire (121) et/ou le contact secondaire (122) des moyens de commutation (12, 42) sont formés par des métallisations réalisées sur une carte de circuit imprimé ou par des lamelles métalliques encapsulées.A push-button switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said primary contact (111) and / or the secondary contact (112) of the upper dome (11), and / or the primary contact (121) and / or the secondary contact (122) of the switching means (12, 42) are formed by metallizations carried out on a printed circuit board or encapsulated metal strips. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 4 à 10, dans lequel le dôme supérieur (11) et le dôme inférieur (12) sont configurés de sorte que l'enfoncement du dôme inférieur (12) est initié après retournement du dôme supérieur (11), les caractéristiques course-effort des dôme supérieur (11) et inférieur (12) permettant l'effondrement des dôme supérieur (11) et inférieur (12) moyennant un effort au plus égal à l'effort requis pour l'effondrement du dôme supérieur (11) seul.A push-button switch (1) according to any one of claims 2 or 4 to 10, wherein the upper dome (11) and the lower dome (12) are configured so that depression of the lower dome (12) is initiated after reversal of the upper dome (11), the stroke-effort characteristics of the upper dome (11) and lower (12) allowing the collapse of the upper dome (11) and lower (12) with a force at most equal to the effort required for the collapse of the upper dome (11) alone. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, apte à être directement rapporté sur une carte de circuit imprimé.Pusher switch (1) according to any preceding claim, adapted to be directly attached to a printed circuit board. Commutateur à poussoir (1) suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, disposé dans un boitier apte à être rapporté sur une planche de bord.Pusher switch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, disposed in a housing adapted to be attached to a dashboard.
EP11192477.5A 2010-12-10 2011-12-07 Compact double-contact secured pushbutton switch Active EP2463882B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1004818A FR2968826B1 (en) 2010-12-10 2010-12-10 DOUBLE DOME COMPACT SECURED PUSH-BUTTON SWITCH

Publications (2)

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EP2463882A1 true EP2463882A1 (en) 2012-06-13
EP2463882B1 EP2463882B1 (en) 2018-10-31

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US (1) US8735747B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2463882B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102543534B (en)
CA (1) CA2761450C (en)
ES (1) ES2707788T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2968826B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2615975C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2707788T3 (en) 2019-04-05
EP2463882B1 (en) 2018-10-31
US20120305372A1 (en) 2012-12-06
CA2761450C (en) 2019-05-28
RU2011150217A (en) 2013-06-20
CN102543534A (en) 2012-07-04
US8735747B2 (en) 2014-05-27
RU2615975C2 (en) 2017-04-12
FR2968826B1 (en) 2012-12-07
CA2761450A1 (en) 2012-06-10
CN102543534B (en) 2017-03-01
FR2968826A1 (en) 2012-06-15

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