EP2030731A1 - Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines geformten Elements durch Entfernung eines Materials aus einem Ausgangselement - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines geformten Elements durch Entfernung eines Materials aus einem Ausgangselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2030731A1
EP2030731A1 EP07425662A EP07425662A EP2030731A1 EP 2030731 A1 EP2030731 A1 EP 2030731A1 EP 07425662 A EP07425662 A EP 07425662A EP 07425662 A EP07425662 A EP 07425662A EP 2030731 A1 EP2030731 A1 EP 2030731A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
tool
starting element
forming
rotating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07425662A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claudio Franco Tacchella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TACCHELLA MACCHINE SpA
Original Assignee
TACCHELLA MACCHINE SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TACCHELLA MACCHINE SpA filed Critical TACCHELLA MACCHINE SpA
Publication of EP2030731A1 publication Critical patent/EP2030731A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for forming a shaped element, for example a cam or a crankshaft for automotive use, via removal of material from a starting element.
  • the starting element is fixed to a supporting structure in such a way that it is able to turn about a first axis and is driven in rotation about the first axis itself.
  • the tool rotates about a second axis parallel to the first axis and co-operates, via the cutting edge, with the peripheral edge of the starting element so as to remove material therefrom and generate the profile of the shaped element.
  • the tool is moreover moved radially with respect to the first axis in such a way that the cutting edge will remain always in contact with the peripheral edge being machined of the starting element so as to be able to remove new material therefrom.
  • the profile of the shaped element is formed by means of a plurality of consecutive passes of the cutting edge of the tool.
  • the cutting edge of the tool describes, in each pass, the entire peripheral edge being machined of the starting element, thus removing the material therefrom.
  • the profile to be formed of the shaped element comprises, in general, one or more portions, for example lobes that are eccentric with respect to the first axis; i.e., they extend at variable distances from the first axis. More precisely, the cutting edge of the tool, when it forms said eccentric portions, moves away from the first axis to form the stretches of said portions extending at increasing distances from the first axis, proceeding in the direction of rotation of the tool itself, and approaches the first axis to form the stretches of said portions extending at decreasing distances from the aforesaid first axis with respect to the aforesaid direction of rotation of the tool itself.
  • Said travel of approach and recession generates a cycle of fatigue and onset of vibrations exerting pressure on the supporting members of the motor that drives the tool.
  • Said fatigue cycle and said vibrations reduce the service life of the tool, reduce the precision thereof, and limit the maximum cutting speed thereof.
  • the eccentric portion is particularly steep, i.e., it presents a considerable radial extension as compared to a small circumferential extension with respect to the first axis, the tool is, moreover, subjected in a short time to considerable accelerations and decelerations.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a shaped element via removal of material from a starting element that will enable at least one of the drawbacks linked to the methods of a known type and specified above to be overcome in a simple and inexpensive way.
  • the aforesaid aim is achieved by the present invention in so far as it regards a method for forming a shaped element via removal of material from a starting element as defined in Claim 1.
  • a shaped element formed by removal of material from a starting element 2 (visible in Figures 2 to 8 ).
  • the element 1 comprises a peripheral profile 4 formed via removal of material from a peripheral surface 3 (visible in Figures 2 to 8 ) of the element 2.
  • the material is removed from the surface 3 via a tool 6 (only schematically illustrated in Figures 2 to 8 ), for example a grinding wheel, provided with a cutting edge 5, which is designed to interact with the surface 3 of the element 2 for forming the profile 4 of the element 1.
  • a tool 6 for example a grinding wheel, provided with a cutting edge 5, which is designed to interact with the surface 3 of the element 2 for forming the profile 4 of the element 1.
  • the element 1 is rotatably mounted about an axis A on a self-centring platform ( Figure 1 ), and the tool 6 is rotatably mounted about an axis B parallel to the axis A.
  • the element 1 could be mounted on a headstock and a tailstock.
  • the profile 4 and the surface 3 delimit the elements 1, 2 on the side opposite to the axis A, whilst the cutting edge 5 delimits the tool 6 on the side opposite to the axis B.
  • the tool 6 is mobile, moreover, in a direction C radial with respect to the axes A, B.
  • the tool 6 is driven in rotation about the axis B and is made to advance in the direction C by a motor member (not illustrated).
  • the motor member is supported by supporting means (not illustrated either).
  • the profile 4 of the element 1 can be of any type and can be inscribed in a surface of rotation of axis A, i.e., obtained by rotating a generatrix about the axis A.
  • the surface of rotation can be the lateral surface of a cylinder or of a cone.
  • the axis B would be coplanar and incident with respect to the axis A.
  • the element 1 could be a solid without faces and delimited only by curved surfaces.
  • the element 1 could be a cylinder having an axis eccentric with respect to the axis A.
  • the element 1 is a hexagonal prism constrained to a crankshaft, whereas in the case illustrated in Figures 2 to 8 , the element 1 is a parallelepiped.
  • the profile 4 of the element 1 comprises four faces 10, lying on four planes set at a distance from the axis A, orthogonal two by two to one another.
  • Each face 10 is delimited by a pair of elongated sharp edges 11 parallel to the axis A.
  • the profile 4 is inscribed within the lateral surface of a reference cylinder coinciding, in the case illustrated, with the cylindrical surface 3 of the starting element 2.
  • Each face 10 has a plane passing through the points of the face 10 itself set at the minimum distance from the axis A.
  • the face 10 is inscribed in the lateral surface of a cylinder of axis A, the aforesaid plane coincides with the median plane of the face 10 itself.
  • the face 10 moreover comprises a region 12 extending from a first sharp edge 11 delimiting the face 10 up to the plane passing through the points set at the minimum distance of the face 10 itself, and a region 13 extending from a second sharp edge 11 delimiting, on the side opposite to the first sharp edge 11, the same face 10 up to the aforesaid plane.
  • the regions 12, 13 of each face 10 are separate from the median plane of the face 10 itself.
  • the region 12 follows the region 13 and extends at increasing distances from the axis A.
  • the region 13 extends at decreasing distances from the axis A.
  • the surface 3 of the element 2 has four generatrices in common with the sharp edges 11 of the profile 4.
  • the method for forming the shaped element comprises the steps of rotating the element 2 about the axis A and the tool 6 about the axis B and translating the tool 6 in the direction C so as to bring the cutting edge 5 into contact with the surface 3 and remove therefrom material so as to form the profile 4 of the element 1.
  • the point of contact between the cutting edge 5 and the surface 3 is distinct from the generatrices of the surface 3 coinciding with the sharp edges 11 of the element 2.
  • the method according to the present invention comprises the step of forming in a complete way a single face 10 of the profile 4 before passing on to forming the subsequent faces 10; each face 10 is formed via translation of the tool 6 exclusively in the direction of the axis A.
  • the tool 6 forms, one after the other, a plurality of stretches 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 of each face 10.
  • Each stretch 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 is formed via the respective translation of the tool 6 exclusively towards the axis A in the direction C and the simultaneous rotation of the tool 6 about the axis B.
  • the stretches 14, 16, 18 form part of the region 12, whilst the stretches 15, 17, 19 form part of the second region 13 of the face 10.
  • Each face 10 is obtained via removal of material from a corresponding portion 8 of the element 2.
  • each portion 8 has in a section transverse to the axis A the shape of a circular segment, and is delimited on the side opposite to the axis A by the area of the surface 3 comprised between the two generatrices that coincide with the sharp edges 11 of the corresponding face 10.
  • Each portion 8 comprises a first region and a second region set symmetrically on opposite sides of a median plane thereof and designed to form, once the removal of material has been completed, the regions 12, 13 of the face 10.
  • the face 10, which is made first, is formed in the way described in what follows.
  • the element 2 and the tool 6 are driven in rotation about the respective axes A, B in a counterclockwise direction ( Figure 2 ).
  • the tool 6 translates in the direction C towards the axis A until the cutting edge 5 comes to bear upon the surface 3 of the element 2.
  • the tool 6 advances towards the axis A in the direction C, removing material from the first region of the portion 8 corresponding to the face 10 being formed.
  • the tool 6 ceases to translate, whilst it continues to rotate about the axis B in a counterclockwise direction. Simultaneously, the element 2 continues to rotate in a clockwise direction ( Figure 4 ).
  • the tool 6 translates further towards the axis A so as to remove the area represented hatched in Figure 6 and form the stretch 15 of the face 10.
  • the stretch 15 is adjacent to and set at a distance from the second sharp edge 11 and is located on the opposite side of the stretch 14 with respect to the median plane of the face 10.
  • the tool 6 advances further towards the axis A so as to form the stretch 16 of the face 10.
  • the stretch 16 is adjacent to and set at a distance from the stretch 14.
  • the stretch 16 is moreover set between the stretch 14 and the median plane of the corresponding face 10.
  • the cycle is repeated a number of times ( Figure 7 ) until the stretches 17, 18, 19 of the face 10 are formed, in this way completing the face 10 itself.
  • the stretches 17, 18, 19 are adjacent to and set at a distance from the stretches 15, 16 and 17.
  • each stretch 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 the tool 6 advances towards the axis A by the same length measured in a direction radial to the axis A itself.
  • the tool 6 moreover describes a reciprocating motion of translation towards the axis A. More precisely, the tool 6 advances towards the axis A when it forms the stretches 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and remains fixed with respect to the axis A itself when it does not form the aforesaid stretches 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
  • the portions of the face 10 being machined set between the stretches 14, 16; 16, 18; 15, 17; 17, 19 are obtained from the impressions left by the tool 6 during formation of the stretches 14, 16, 18, 15, 17, 19. More precisely, the tool 6 has a radius of curvature much greater than the distance between the ends of the stretches 14, 16 adjacent to one another. In this way, when the tool 6 advances in the direction C and forms, for example, the stretches 14, 16, it leaves in the areas adjacent to the stretches 14, 16 themselves a pair of impressions substantially forming the corresponding region of the face 10 set, once again by way of example, between the stretches 14, 16.
  • the cutting edge 5 of the tool 6 forms first the ends of each stretch 14, 16, 18 that are at a greater distance from the median plane and subsequently proceeds in the direction of the aforesaid median plane, sequentially forming, in this way, areas of the stretches 14, 16, 18 extending at decreasing distances from the axis A.
  • the cutting edge 5 of the tool 6 first forms the end of each stretch 15, 17, 19 that is at a greater distance from the median plane and subsequently proceeds in the direction of the aforesaid median plane, forming sequentially, in this way, areas of the stretches 15, 17, 19 extending at decreasing distances from the axis A.
  • the cutting edge 5 can form the face 10 moving exclusively towards the axis A itself and in the direction C.
  • the tool 6 is positioned on one of the sharp edges 11 of the face 10 just formed, and the further faces 10 are formed in a way altogether similar to what has been illustrated with reference to the face 10.
  • the tool 6, during the first reversal of the direction of rotation of the element 2 does not translate in the direction C towards the axis A, but rotates only about the axis B. Also in this case, the tool 6, even though it does not form the stretch 14, even so removes material from the first region of the portion 8 corresponding to the face 10 being formed.
  • the tool 6 advances continuously without interruption in the direction C.
  • the stretches 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 are reduced to respective points of the face 10.
  • the method according to the present invention does not require the presence of a preferential point of first contact of the tool 6 with the surface 3.
  • the method according to the present invention does not require execution of an operation of pre-positioning between the surface 3 of the element 2 and the cutting edge 5 of the tool 6.
  • the cutting edge 5 would form each face 10 translating in the direction C exclusively on the side opposite to the axis A.
  • the direction of rotation of the tool 6 about the axis B could be clockwise, instead of counterclockwise.
  • the surface 3 of the cylinder could only surround at a distance the profile 4 to be formed without having any points of contact with the profile 4 itself.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
EP07425662A 2007-08-29 2007-10-19 Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines geformten Elements durch Entfernung eines Materials aus einem Ausgangselement Withdrawn EP2030731A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20070614 ITTO20070614A1 (it) 2007-08-29 2007-08-29 Metodo di formatura di un elemento sagomato tramite asportazione di materiale da un elemento di partenza

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2030731A1 true EP2030731A1 (de) 2009-03-04

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EP07425662A Withdrawn EP2030731A1 (de) 2007-08-29 2007-10-19 Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines geformten Elements durch Entfernung eines Materials aus einem Ausgangselement

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EP (1) EP2030731A1 (de)
IT (1) ITTO20070614A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102059592A (zh) * 2010-08-17 2011-05-18 上海交通大学 多边形基于恒磨除率变速非圆磨削方法
CN106392859A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-02-15 宇晶机器（长沙）有限公司 一种多表面抛光工艺

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505709A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Od Polt Institut Procede de formation, sur la surface de pieces, d'un microrelief regulier compose d'evidements separes, tete porte-outil et meule pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede, et pieces traitees conformement audit procede
DE102006007055A1 (de) * 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Bsh Holice A.S. Verfahren zum Schleifen von stabförmigen Werkstücken, Schleifmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und Schleifzelle in Zwillingsanordnung

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2505709A1 (fr) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-19 Od Polt Institut Procede de formation, sur la surface de pieces, d'un microrelief regulier compose d'evidements separes, tete porte-outil et meule pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede, et pieces traitees conformement audit procede
DE102006007055A1 (de) * 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Bsh Holice A.S. Verfahren zum Schleifen von stabförmigen Werkstücken, Schleifmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und Schleifzelle in Zwillingsanordnung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102059592A (zh) * 2010-08-17 2011-05-18 上海交通大学 多边形基于恒磨除率变速非圆磨削方法
CN102059592B (zh) * 2010-08-17 2012-08-22 上海交通大学 多边形基于恒磨除率变速非圆磨削方法
CN106392859A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-02-15 宇晶机器（长沙）有限公司 一种多表面抛光工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20070614A1 (it) 2009-02-28

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